A pesquisa pretende trazer a luz os antecedentes e desdobramentos da atuacao de Joseph-Antoine Bouvard em Sao Paulo, no inicio do seculo XX. O objeto da pesquisa e o duplo papel desempenhado por Bouvard em Sao Paulo, onde desenvolveu, no ambito publico, o chamado Plano Bouvard para Sao Paulo e, no ambito privado, esteeve a frente da criacao da City of San Paulo Improvements and Freehold Land Co. Ltd.. Sao objetivos da pesquisa contribuir para a compreensao do episodio de sua contratacao pela Diretoria de Obras Municipais, esclarecendo as condicoes e repercussoes de sua visita ao Brasil, a partir da experiencia projetual em um meio diverso e distante de seu pais de origem, a Franca. Pretende-se, ainda, esclarecer as razoes das diferencas observadas entre suas propostas bonaerense e paulistana, bem como as elucidar as condicoes que presidiram a criacao da City of San Paulo Improvements. Para a consecucao dos objetivos procedeu- se a confrontacao de varias series documentais, depositadas em diferentes acervos, alem do exame acurado do material grafico relativo ao plano e aos primeiros projetos da companhia imobiliaria, visando a verificacao de seu posicionamento teorico, as bases em que se efetuou a sua contratacao, incluindo os fatos que a antecederam e seu modus operandi, isto e, a maneira como desenvolvia seus projetos. A pesquisa propoe-se a esclarecer e dimensionar o papel de Bouvard na organizacao da City of San Paulo Improvements, que se deu em paralelo ao desenvolvimento do Plano para Sao Paulo. Ainda foi possivel avaliar o quanto os modelos culturais importados pesaram nos projetos desenvolvidos em Sao Paulo, em ambas as esferas, notadamente advindos da Franca, a partir das reformas empreendidas pelo Barao Haussmann e Inglaterra, pelo ideario cidade- jardim. A principal hipotese de trabalho parte da premissa que Bouvard ja detinha um conhecimento previo do contexto brasileiro e para ca se dirige, apos aposentar-se do servico publico frances, afim de prospectar negocios. O recorte cronologico da investigacao corresponde a vida profissional de Bouvard, desenvolvida entre 1964 e 1920. Do ponto de vista espacial, a pesquisa estende-se, na Europa, pela Franca, Belgica, Turquia e, na America do Sul, Argentina, Uruguai e Brasil. No entanto, concentra-se principalmente em Buenos Aires e Sao Paulo. / The research aims to bring to light the history and repercussions of Joseph-Antoine Bouvard brief stay in Sao Paulo, in the early twentieth century. It focuses in the dual role played by Bouvard in Sao Paulo, where he developed, in the public sphere, the so called Bouvard Plan for Sao Paulo whilw, in private, he led the creation of the City of San Paulo Improvements and Freehold Land Co. Ltd. The research intends to contribute to the understanding of the episode of his hiring by the Directorate of Municipal Works, explaining the conditions and consequences of his visit to Brazil, an experience in a diverse environment and so far from his country of origin, France. It is intended also to clarify the reasons for the differences observed between the Buenos Aires and Sao Paulo proposals, as well as clarifying the conditions, which led to the creation of the City of San Paulo Improvements. To achieve the goals we proceeded to the confrontation of several documentary series, stored in different collections, in addition to a thorough examination of graphic material relating to the plan and first projects of the real estate company, in order to check its theoretical position, the basis on which it made its hiring, including the events leading up to it and its modus operandi, that is, how developed their projects. The research aims to clarify the role and scale of Bouvard in the organization of the City of San Paulo Improvements, which took place in parallel to the development of the Plan for Sao Paulo. It was also possible to assess the extent to which imported cultural models weighed in projects developed in Sao Paulo, in both spheres, arising notably from France, from the reforms undertaken by Baron Haussmann and England, the ideas garden city. The main working hypothesis assumes that Bouvard already had prior knowledge of the Brazilian context and forth goes after retiring from the French public service, in order to prospect business. The chronological outline of the research corresponds to the professional life of Bouvard, developed between 1964 and 1920. From the spatial point of view, the research extends from Europe - France, Belgium, Turkey, to South America mainly Argentina and Brazil.

L’Alliance française de Buenos Aires est fondée en 1893, dix ans après l’Alliance française de Paris, par la communauté française de Buenos Aires, comme un levier pour le maintien des intérêts communautaires en situation migratoire. La fondation d’une association visant l’institutionnalisation de la pratique sociale d’enseignement-apprentissage de la langue française dans la capitale argentine se situe donc à la croisée entre des enjeux argentins pour la diffusion du français et des enjeux français pour cette même diffusion. Dès lors, le processus d’institutionnalisation de la pratique sociale de l’enseignement-apprentissage du français est marqué, pour cette association, par les circulations linguistiques et leurs resémantisations glocales sur la scène porteña. La recherche se propose d’analyser ces phénomènes de resémantisation grâce à une étude des conditions de circulation linguistique et leur traduction au sein des dispositifs didactiques et des configurations méthodologiques de 1914 à 1983. / The 'Alliance Française' in Buenos Aires was founded in 1893, ten years later than that of Paris, by the city's French community. They envisaged it as a way of preserving their community's interests during a migratory period. Thus, the foundation of an association aiming at the institutionnalisation of the social practice of teaching and learning French in the Argentinian capital, is at the crossroads between Argentinian issues concerning French language distribution and French issues for the same French language distribution. From then on, the process of institutionnalising the teaching and learning of French is characterized by linguistic circulation and their glocal resemantization in Buenos Aires. The aim of this research is to analyze these resemantization phenomena thanks to a study of the conditions of linguistic circulation and their translation within the the didactic system and their methodological configuration from 1914 to 1983.

Zugleich: Diss. / Literaturverz.

Le but de cette thèse est d'identifier les analogies entre les manifestations culturelles des communautés noires dans les villes de Rio de Janeiro, Buenos Aires et New York à la fin du XIXe et au début du XXe siècle. Du point de vue de cette réflexion, nous prétendons montrer que les stimulations culturelles et idéologiques qui imprégnaient ces villes ont été fondamentales pour la formation d’une matrice provocante et atténuante dans les compositions musicales et poétiques telles quelles les sambas, milongas, tangos et jazz de cette période et passibles, de cette façon, d’être observées dans une perspective trans-hémisphérique en ce qui concerne les Amériques. Fatalement, comme les villes de Rio de Janeiro, Buenos Aires et New York possèdent en commun le fait d’avoir participé à une expérience modernisatrice, nous déduisons que l’élément de désillusion senti par une fraction sociale a produit un mouvement de critique dans ces manifestations musicales qui faisait échouer les objectifs civilisateurs en créant des atmosphères qui rivalisaient avec la ville officialisée. Il s’agit de la ville contre la ville qui attirera notre attention à partir de l’atmosphère sentie dans les clubs, favelas et conventillos de ces villes et qui, prise dans sa complexité et densité historique, nous fournira des éléments pour penser les similitudes et les différences de ces villes et expériences musicales dans les Amériques. / The aim of this thesis is to identify the analogies between the cultural manifestations of black communities in the cities of Rio de Janeiro, Buenos Aires and New York in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. From the point of view of this reflection, we claim to show that the cultural and ideological stimulations that permeated these cities were fundamental for the formation of a provocative and attenuating matrix in musical and poetic compositions such as sambas, milongas, tangos and jazz of this period and in this way can be observed in a trans-hemispheric perspective in the Americas. Fatally, as the cities of Rio de Janeiro, Buenos Aires and New York have in common the fact of having participated in a modernizing experiment, we deduce that the element of disillusionment felt by a social fraction produced a movement of criticism in these musical demonstrations that defeated the civilizing aims by creating atmospheres that rivaled the official city. It is the city against the city that will draw our attention from the atmosphere felt in the clubs, favelas and conventillos of these cities and which, taken in its complexity and historical density, will provide us with elements to think similarities and the differences of these cities and musical experiences in the Americas.

Submitted by Adriana Aghinoni Fantin (adrianafantin@hotmail.com) on 2015-10-30T18:09:45Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação MPGPP -pos banca examinadora.pdf: 5431650 bytes, checksum: 177a35c41255159d47e05cba9c76ef8a (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Fabiana da Silva Segura (fabiana.segura@fgv.br) on 2015-10-30T18:10:19Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação MPGPP -pos banca examinadora.pdf: 5431650 bytes, checksum: 177a35c41255159d47e05cba9c76ef8a (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-10-30T18:45:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação MPGPP -pos banca examinadora.pdf: 5431650 bytes, checksum: 177a35c41255159d47e05cba9c76ef8a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-09-28 / The metropolitan area of São Paulo (RMSP) is in a deep crisis of its water resources, which sets out the current governance weaknesses, and invites us to a reflection of the critical nodes that prevent a more effective service. This work deepens the governance, management and the current sanitation situation, based on the expertise of the Metropolitan Area of Buenos Aires, which experienced severe crisis in water and sanitation coverage, as well as contamination of watersheds. Within a privatization process that has exacerbated the water crisis, the option for the metropolitan area of Buenos Aires was the re-nationalization, and the quest for democratic governance, involving several federation entities. The main difference is the introduction of a planning agency, in which the federal, provincial one, the City of Buenos Aires and all the municipalities in the metropolitan region, jointly deliberate priority projects, linking the company providing the service. Moreover, the experience of the Matanza Riachuelo Basin Management presents collegial governance by federal entities and has multidisciplinary expertise, overcoming obstacles resulting from governmental and intergovernmental arrangements to cope with the complexity of managing the basin. It is proposed at the end, an improvement plan for the management of water resources, with short proposals, medium and long term. As a short term measure suggests the creation of a Metropolitan Water Agency in order to plan and implement public policies aimed at coping the water problem, breaking the inertia of federal entities across the water crisis, with collegiate decision-making body, Members municipalities, state and civil society in constant search for solutions of common interest, whose decisions binding upon it the company which supplies the service. In the medium term, it is recommended public discussion of the utility business model in addition to the review of planning and resource allocation actions made by SABESP. Finally, as a long term measure, it is essential drawing up a Master Plan Metropolitan jointly look after capture measures, treatment, and water and sewage coverage, and that promotes environmental sustainability and integration of municipalities to better use of urban space. The adoption of a democratic governance for water issue in the RMSP will provide a possible scenario for the necessary changes within the RMSP in water resources management. Society must be largely responsible for the fate of the water and should not noble mission be undertaken by those interested in turning it into a good private consumption. / A Região Metropolitana de São Paulo está vivendo uma profunda crise de seus recursos hídricos, que expõe as fragilidades da atual governança, e nos convida a uma reflexão dos nós críticos que impedem um serviço mais eficiente. O presente trabalho aprofunda a governança, a gestão e a situação atual do saneamento, com base na experiência da Região Metropolitana de Buenos Aires, que vivenciou forte crise na cobertura de água e esgoto, além da contaminação das bacias. Em um processo de privatização que agravou a crise hídrica, a opção para a Grande Buenos Aires foi a reestatização e a busca por uma governança democrática, que envolve diversos entes federativos. O grande diferencial é a instituição de uma agência de planejamento, na qual o ente federal, provincial, Cidade de Buenos Aires e todos os municípios da região metropolitana, deliberam conjuntamente os projetos prioritários, vinculando a empresa prestadora do serviço. Ademais, a vivência da gestão da bacia Matanza Riachuelo apresenta governança colegiada pelos entes federativos e possui competência multidisciplinar, superando os entraves decorrentes dos arranjos governamentais e intergovernamentais para o enfrentamento da complexidade para gestão da bacia. Propõem-se, ao final, um plano de melhorias para a gestão dos recursos hídricos, com propostas de curto, médio e longo prazos. Como medida de curto prazo sugere-se a criação de uma Agência Metropolitana das Águas com o objetivo de planejar e implantar políticas públicas voltadas ao enfrentamento do problema hídrico, rompendo com o imobilismo dos entes federativos frente à crise hídrica, com órgão de deliberação colegiado, Municípios integrantes, Estado e sociedade civil na busca constante de soluções de interesse comum, cujas deliberações vinculariam a empresa fornecedora do serviço. Em médio prazo, recomenda-se discussão pública do modelo da empresa concessionária, além da revisão do planejamento e de ações de alocação de recursos feitos pela SABESP. Ao final, como medida de longo prazo, mister a elaboração de um Plano Diretor Metropolitano que cuide conjuntamente de medidas da captação, tratamento e cobertura de água e esgoto, e que promova a sustentabilidade socioambiental e integração dos municípios para melhor uso do espaço urbano. A adoção de uma governança democrática das águas na RMSP propiciará um cenário possível para as mudanças necessárias no âmbito da gestão dos recursos hídricos. A sociedade deve ser a grande responsável pelo destino da água, não devendo tão nobre missão ficar a cargo de quem tem interesse em transformá-la num bem de consumo privado.

Inicialmente, é apresentado um debate sobre as Mediações Culturais e suas implicações nos processos de construção de sentido. Entendido enquanto universos simbólicos que orientam as interpretações e projeções práticas dos sujeitos sobre o mundo que o cerca, o conceito de Mediações Culturais e a reflexão acerca das características da experiência turística vêm a compor os princípios teóricos que permitem pensar: em que medida as representações sociais de atrativo turístico influenciam nos sentidos atribuídos ao local, tanto por aqueles que produzem os produtos turísticos quanto por aqueles que os consomem? Diante dessa problemática, o método da Análise de Discurso é utilizado para desvelar os pilares simbólicos sobre os quais se ergue o conceito de Atrativo Turístico. Nesse processo analítico, a concepção de atratividade do espaço urbano é revelada. Uma concepção que remete a sentidos fluídos, diante dos quais a palavra torna-se insuficiência representativa, solicitando uma narrativa interpretativa alicerçada em outras formas expressivas. Finalizando, assim, com o aporte da antropologia visual e a constituição de uma narrativa imagética sobre a atratividade de Buenos Aires. / Submitted by Marcelo Teixeira (mvteixeira@ucs.br) on 2014-05-19T19:00:25Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao Priscila Gayer.pdf: 10007126 bytes, checksum: ff08c7989d06c74a4044d8f6752dfbae (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2014-05-19T19:00:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao Priscila Gayer.pdf: 10007126 bytes, checksum: ff08c7989d06c74a4044d8f6752dfbae (MD5) / The first subject introduced is concerned with the Cultural Mediation and its concrete implications in the structuring of meaning process. Throughout the theory s arrangements presented, the cultural mediations are understood as symbolic boundaries which shape people s conceptions and actions. In addition to this perspective, the discussion of tourist experience s characteristics is articulated to develop a theoretical ground in order to raise the main research problem. Thus, the investigation proposal set aims at elucidating the influence s dimension of the Social Representation of Tourist Attraction in the meanings produced by the tourist and by the ones who produce the tourist interpretation about the place to be lived in the tourism context. Regarding these issues, the symbolic background that feeds the conception of tourist attraction was brought to light. The Discourse Analysis was fundamental to achieve this result and, beyond it, the method used permitted another concept to be found out: the urban space attractivity. This last term express the fluid meanings existents in everyday life, the ones which words can not fully reach. Due to the word s insuffiency to symbolize this sort of significance, the image is applied as a proper resource to expose the attractivity of Buenos Aires and, for that matter, the Visual Anthropology is worthy.

Inicialmente, é apresentado um debate sobre as Mediações Culturais e suas implicações nos processos de construção de sentido. Entendido enquanto universos simbólicos que orientam as interpretações e projeções práticas dos sujeitos sobre o mundo que o cerca, o conceito de Mediações Culturais e a reflexão acerca das características da experiência turística vêm a compor os princípios teóricos que permitem pensar: em que medida as representações sociais de atrativo turístico influenciam nos sentidos atribuídos ao local, tanto por aqueles que produzem os produtos turísticos quanto por aqueles que os consomem? Diante dessa problemática, o método da Análise de Discurso é utilizado para desvelar os pilares simbólicos sobre os quais se ergue o conceito de Atrativo Turístico. Nesse processo analítico, a concepção de atratividade do espaço urbano é revelada. Uma concepção que remete a sentidos fluídos, diante dos quais a palavra torna-se insuficiência representativa, solicitando uma narrativa interpretativa alicerçada em outras formas expressivas. Finalizando, assim, com o aporte da antropologia visual e a constituição de uma narrativa imagética sobre a atratividade de Buenos Aires. / The first subject introduced is concerned with the Cultural Mediation and its concrete implications in the structuring of meaning process. Throughout the theory s arrangements presented, the cultural mediations are understood as symbolic boundaries which shape people s conceptions and actions. In addition to this perspective, the discussion of tourist experience s characteristics is articulated to develop a theoretical ground in order to raise the main research problem. Thus, the investigation proposal set aims at elucidating the influence s dimension of the Social Representation of Tourist Attraction in the meanings produced by the tourist and by the ones who produce the tourist interpretation about the place to be lived in the tourism context. Regarding these issues, the symbolic background that feeds the conception of tourist attraction was brought to light. The Discourse Analysis was fundamental to achieve this result and, beyond it, the method used permitted another concept to be found out: the urban space attractivity. This last term express the fluid meanings existents in everyday life, the ones which words can not fully reach. Due to the word s insuffiency to symbolize this sort of significance, the image is applied as a proper resource to expose the attractivity of Buenos Aires and, for that matter, the Visual Anthropology is worthy.

A pesquisa pretende trazer a luz os antecedentes e desdobramentos da atuacao de Joseph-Antoine Bouvard em Sao Paulo, no inicio do seculo XX. O objeto da pesquisa e o duplo papel desempenhado por Bouvard em Sao Paulo, onde desenvolveu, no ambito publico, o chamado Plano Bouvard para Sao Paulo e, no ambito privado, esteeve a frente da criacao da City of San Paulo Improvements and Freehold Land Co. Ltd.. Sao objetivos da pesquisa contribuir para a compreensao do episodio de sua contratacao pela Diretoria de Obras Municipais, esclarecendo as condicoes e repercussoes de sua visita ao Brasil, a partir da experiencia projetual em um meio diverso e distante de seu pais de origem, a Franca. Pretende-se, ainda, esclarecer as razoes das diferencas observadas entre suas propostas bonaerense e paulistana, bem como as elucidar as condicoes que presidiram a criacao da City of San Paulo Improvements. Para a consecucao dos objetivos procedeu- se a confrontacao de varias series documentais, depositadas em diferentes acervos, alem do exame acurado do material grafico relativo ao plano e aos primeiros projetos da companhia imobiliaria, visando a verificacao de seu posicionamento teorico, as bases em que se efetuou a sua contratacao, incluindo os fatos que a antecederam e seu modus operandi, isto e, a maneira como desenvolvia seus projetos. A pesquisa propoe-se a esclarecer e dimensionar o papel de Bouvard na organizacao da City of San Paulo Improvements, que se deu em paralelo ao desenvolvimento do Plano para Sao Paulo. Ainda foi possivel avaliar o quanto os modelos culturais importados pesaram nos projetos desenvolvidos em Sao Paulo, em ambas as esferas, notadamente advindos da Franca, a partir das reformas empreendidas pelo Barao Haussmann e Inglaterra, pelo ideario cidade- jardim. A principal hipotese de trabalho parte da premissa que Bouvard ja detinha um conhecimento previo do contexto brasileiro e para ca se dirige, apos aposentar-se do servico publico frances, afim de prospectar negocios. O recorte cronologico da investigacao corresponde a vida profissional de Bouvard, desenvolvida entre 1964 e 1920. Do ponto de vista espacial, a pesquisa estende-se, na Europa, pela Franca, Belgica, Turquia e, na America do Sul, Argentina, Uruguai e Brasil. No entanto, concentra-se principalmente em Buenos Aires e Sao Paulo. / The research aims to bring to light the history and repercussions of Joseph-Antoine Bouvard brief stay in Sao Paulo, in the early twentieth century. It focuses in the dual role played by Bouvard in Sao Paulo, where he developed, in the public sphere, the so called Bouvard Plan for Sao Paulo whilw, in private, he led the creation of the City of San Paulo Improvements and Freehold Land Co. Ltd. The research intends to contribute to the understanding of the episode of his hiring by the Directorate of Municipal Works, explaining the conditions and consequences of his visit to Brazil, an experience in a diverse environment and so far from his country of origin, France. It is intended also to clarify the reasons for the differences observed between the Buenos Aires and Sao Paulo proposals, as well as clarifying the conditions, which led to the creation of the City of San Paulo Improvements. To achieve the goals we proceeded to the confrontation of several documentary series, stored in different collections, in addition to a thorough examination of graphic material relating to the plan and first projects of the real estate company, in order to check its theoretical position, the basis on which it made its hiring, including the events leading up to it and its modus operandi, that is, how developed their projects. The research aims to clarify the role and scale of Bouvard in the organization of the City of San Paulo Improvements, which took place in parallel to the development of the Plan for Sao Paulo. It was also possible to assess the extent to which imported cultural models weighed in projects developed in Sao Paulo, in both spheres, arising notably from France, from the reforms undertaken by Baron Haussmann and England, the ideas garden city. The main working hypothesis assumes that Bouvard already had prior knowledge of the Brazilian context and forth goes after retiring from the French public service, in order to prospect business. The chronological outline of the research corresponds to the professional life of Bouvard, developed between 1964 and 1920. From the spatial point of view, the research extends from Europe - France, Belgium, Turkey, to South America mainly Argentina and Brazil.

L’aménagement de l’espace public urbain est devenu un sujet central du débat public à Buenos Aires sous le gouvernement de M. Macri ces dernières années par l’effet d’un double mouvement. Durant ses deux mandats (2007-2015), les responsables politiques ont fait de l’aménagement de l’espace public, notamment au centre-ville, l’un des leviers principal de leurs politiques urbaines. Parallèlement, une partie des mouvements sociaux portègnes a désigné l’organisation spatiale de la ville comme l’un des facteurs des inégalités sociales. De ce fait, la délibération autour de l’aménagement urbain a fait ressortir des antagonismes prenant leurs racines dans le reste de la société obligeant la sphère publique à évoluer. D’abord, la recomposition du jeu d’acteurs autour de nouveaux mouvements sociaux, les assemblées de quartier, a bousculé le partenariat traditionnel entre associations de vecinos et pouvoirs publics. Ensuite, de nouvelles oppositions ont émergé concernant la conception des espaces publics de la ville, et notamment autour de la politique de « récupération » du gouvernement qui détermine des usages légitimes de l’espace public. Enfin, le débat public s’est déplacé vers de nouveaux espaces de délibération : l’espace public urbain qui a confirmé sa dimension politique historique en Argentine, et les réseaux sociaux numériques qui ont accueilli de nouvelles formes de mobilisation. Ainsi, l’aménagement de l’espace public est débattu aujourd’hui dans une pluralité de sphères publiques qui sont toutes traversées par des antagonismes renouvelés / Public space planning has become a central and important topic of the public debate in Buenos Aires under the M. Macri government for the past few years, as a result of a double movement. During his two mandates (2007-2015), politic leaders use the public space planning, mostly in the downtown of the city, as one of their major tool for urban politics. At the same time, some of the Buenos Aires social movements attributed the spatial organization of the city as one of the factors of social inequality. Consequently, these political discussions on urban planning have revealed antagonisms taking root in the rest of society, forcing public sphere to evolve. Firstly, the appearance of new actors among social movements, called neighbourhood assemblies, modified and redefined the traditional partnership between the vecinos associations and public authorities. Then, new oppositions emerged around the conception of city’s public spaces, and mostly around the « recuperation » government politic, which determines legitimate uses of public spaces. Finally, the public debate has moved toward new spaces of deliberation such as: urban public space having confirmed his historical political dimension in Argentina; and the use of digital social networks resulting in new forms of mobilization. In conclusion, public space planning is negotiated today in several public spheres, all crossed by renewed antagonisms

I Buenos Aires säger man att staden har vuxit fram med "la espalda al rio", med ryggen mot floden. Det betyder två saker, att Rio de la Plata är det som staden stödjer hela sin utveckling mot samt att man vänder ryggen bort från floden och in mot land. Buenos Aires har växt längre och längre bort från Rio de la Plata, idag ligger floden fågelvägen ca 2,3 km från stadsgränsen och den barriär som finns där imellan består till stor del av svårgenomtränglig infrastruktur. I mitt examensarbete undersöker jag hur man i den stora skalan kan förändra Buenos Airesbornas relation och tillgänglighet till vattnet och på samma gång lösa ett par av de stora problem som Buenos Aires brottas med. I den något mindre skalan har jag också undersökt vilka olika typer av specifika relationer Buenos Aires skulle kunna tänkas utveckla till Rio de la Plata.