The problem of this study was an analysis of an individual study instructional approach of teaching mathematical concepts as they relate to business needs. The purposes were as follow: (1) to identify mathematical competencies required by business firms; (2) to further validate CVAE materials; (3) to evaluate the achievement of vocational office education students using programmed materials to review business mathematics; and (4) to develop, present, and describe a teaching model for these applications.

The objectives of this study are: (1) to explore the personal value systems of Jordanian managers; (2) to examine the relationship between the personal values of Jordanian managers and their behavior (i.e., decision making); and (3) to compare the personal value systems of Jordanian and American managers. To achieve the first and the second objectives, England's (1967) Personal Value Questionnaire (PVQ) and the Behavioral Measurement Questionnaire have been respectively utilized. To achieve the final objective, the behavioral relevance scores derived from this study are compared with those in England's (1975) study. Finally, demographic and organizational data are used to describe the characteristics of Jordanian managers and serve as covariates in the statistical analysis. In reference to the statistical techniques, England's scoring methodology, factor analysis and multiple regression, are used to determine the relationship between the personal value systems of Jordanian managers and their behavior (i.e., decisionmaking). England's (1975) "rule of thumb" (adjusted to 15 percent difference) and the Chisguare test are used to test the significant differences between the personal value systems of the Jordanian and American respondents. The findings of this study are as follows: 1. The primary value orientation of Jordanian managers responding to this study is moralistic in nature, while their secondary value orientation is pragmatic. Concerning the value profile, Jordanian managers have 34, 3, 8, and 21 concepts of the PVQ as operative, intended, adopted, and weak values respectively. Behavior relevance analysis indicates that Jordanian managers have emphasized certain value concepts which reflect their perception of economic need and their social value structure. 2. According to England's procedure, there is a qualified relationship between the personal values of Jordanian managers and their reported behavior, while there is a partial relationship according to factor analysis and multiple regression. 3. There are similarities and/or differences between the personal value systems of the two managerial groups linally, a summary of the findings, along with conclusions, implications, and suggestions are offered for individuals and organizations doing business in Jordan.

<p>Corporate failures pose a problem for banks, investors, customers, employees andinsurers. With a multivariate discrimination method, the study aims to find the specificfinancial ratios that most accurate reveals a company's financial health, which is ofinterest to all of the above parties. The data consist of 1042 Swedish small enterprisesand 30 different financial ratios between the years 2005‐2007. The result shows thatbankrupt firms three years before bankruptcy have a disadvantaged capital structurewith poor solvency and high debt. The year before bankruptcy, profitability and liquiditydeclined for bankruptcy group, and rates vary considerably in comparison with thesurviving companies. Our model can correctly classify 91,2 % of the total sample one yearbefore bankruptcy.</p> / <p>Företagskonkurser är dyrt för samhället och utgör ett problem för bland annat banker,investerare, kunder, anställda, försäkringsbolag och leverantörer. Studien syftar till attfinna de specifika nyckeltal vilka avslöjar ett företags finansiella hälsa, vilket är av intresseför alla ovanstående parter. Med en kvantitativ multivariat analysmetod har 30 olikanyckeltal från sammanlagt 1042 svenska mindre aktiebolag mellan åren 2005 och 2007studerats.Resultatet visar att konkursföretagen tre år innan konkurs har en missgynnandekapitalstruktur med svag soliditet och hög skuldsättning. Året innan konkurs harlönsamheten och likviditeten minskat för konkursgruppen och talen uppvisar storaskillnader i jämförelse med de överlevande företagen. Modellen klassificerar 91,2 % avföretagen korrekt ett år innan konkurs.</p>

Corporate failures pose a problem for banks, investors, customers, employees andinsurers. With a multivariate discrimination method, the study aims to find the specificfinancial ratios that most accurate reveals a company's financial health, which is ofinterest to all of the above parties. The data consist of 1042 Swedish small enterprisesand 30 different financial ratios between the years 2005‐2007. The result shows thatbankrupt firms three years before bankruptcy have a disadvantaged capital structurewith poor solvency and high debt. The year before bankruptcy, profitability and liquiditydeclined for bankruptcy group, and rates vary considerably in comparison with thesurviving companies. Our model can correctly classify 91,2 % of the total sample one yearbefore bankruptcy. / Företagskonkurser är dyrt för samhället och utgör ett problem för bland annat banker,investerare, kunder, anställda, försäkringsbolag och leverantörer. Studien syftar till attfinna de specifika nyckeltal vilka avslöjar ett företags finansiella hälsa, vilket är av intresseför alla ovanstående parter. Med en kvantitativ multivariat analysmetod har 30 olikanyckeltal från sammanlagt 1042 svenska mindre aktiebolag mellan åren 2005 och 2007studerats.Resultatet visar att konkursföretagen tre år innan konkurs har en missgynnandekapitalstruktur med svag soliditet och hög skuldsättning. Året innan konkurs harlönsamheten och likviditeten minskat för konkursgruppen och talen uppvisar storaskillnader i jämförelse med de överlevande företagen. Modellen klassificerar 91,2 % avföretagen korrekt ett år innan konkurs.

Undersökningen ämnar öka förståelsen för och analysera hur fastighetsföretag marknadsför gröna argument och hur de uppfattar att intressenterna bemöter dessa. I uppsatsen studeras följande forskningsfrågor: * Vilka strategier används hos fastighetsföretag inom ramen för green business? * Hur kommunicerar fastighetsföretag green business genom grön marknadsföring? * Hur uppfattar fastighetsföretagen att intressenterna bemöter deras gröna marknadsföringsargument? / The study intends to increase the understanding of and to analyze how real-estate companies market green arguments and how they perceive that stakeholders respond to these. The paper studied the following research questions: * What strategies are used by real-estate companies within green business? * How do real-estate companies communicate green business through green marketing? * How do the real estate companies perceive that stakeholders respond to their green marketing pitch?

Background: The rapidly changing world of digital technologies forces many companies to undertake a digital shift by transforming existing business models into digital business models to achieve sustainable value creation and value capture. Especially, for established companies, that have been successful leaders before the dot-com bubble (1995-2000) and whose business models have been threatened by the emergence of digital technologies, there is a need for a digital shift. We refer to this digitization of business models as digital business model innovation. However, often adoption and implementation of digital technologies require tremendous changes and thus, can be challenging for established companies. Therefore, agile methods and business experimentation have become important strategic elements and are used to generate and test novel business models in a fast manner. We introduce lean startup as an agile method for digital business model innovation, which has proven to be successful in digital entrepreneurship. Thus, it requires further empirical investigation on how to use lean startup in established companies for successful digital business model innovation. Purpose: The purpose of our study is to identify enablers and barriers of lean startup as a tool for digital BMI in established companies. Thus, we propose a framework showing how established companies can be successful in digital business model innovation by using lean startup. Method: We conducted exploratory, qualitative research based on grounded theory following an abductive approach. Using a non-probability, purposive sampling strategy, we gathered our empirical data through ten semi-structured interviews with experts in lean startup and digital business model innovation, working in or with established companies, shifting their business model towards a digital business model. By using grounded analysis, we gained an in-depth understanding of how lean startup is used in practice as well as occurring barriers and enablers for established companies. Conclusion: We emphasize that successful use of lean startup for digital business model innovation is based on an effective (1) lean startup management, appropriate (2) organizational structures, fitting (3) culture, and dedicated (4) corporate governance, which all require and are based on solid (5) methodical competence of the entire organization. Furthermore, (6) external influences such as market conditions, role of competition, or governance rules indirectly affect using lean startup as a tool for digital business model innovation.

The questions arising over the deterioration of the 0BD have brought this topic to the attention of the public. This thesis will discuss the Central Business District of D311a5 and its decline. In order to study alternatives to these downward trends, the Central Business District Association of Dallas commissioned Alexander Cooper to make. an analysis of the possibilities for one alternative, namely, housing. The purpose of this study is to examine the le.rander Cooper Report on housing. The facts presented in this thesis will provide an analytical base of urban theory from which a discussion of housing prospects will be initiated. The feasibility of dointovm housing construction will 'be examined as it is presented in the Cooper Report.

Ne tik pasaulyje, bet ir Lietuvoje vertinti verslą tampa vis aktualiau. Anksčiau vadovams paprasčiausiai pakakdavo intuicijos, nuovokos ir logikos, vykdant strateginius sprendimus. Šiuo metu tai tampa neįmanoma dėl įvairių priežasčių. Pagrindinis baigiamojo magistro analitinės – metodinės dalies tikslas – pateikti susistemintą verslo vertinimo teisinę bei metodinę informaciją, esančią Europos Sąjungoje bei Lietuvoje, papildomai aprašyti įmonių finansinę analizę bei įvertinti jos svarbą. Eksperimentinėje – tiriamojoje dalyje, remiantis pirmojo skyriaus metodika, išanalizuota specialiosios paskirties AB „Lietuvos geležinkeliai“ Keleivių vežimo direkcija, išnagrinėti jos veiklos vertinimo ypatumai. Analizuojama, kodėl ne visais atvejais galima įvertinti verslą. Darbą sudaro 5 dalys: įvadas, verslo vertinimo teisinė bei metodinė informacija, specialiosios paskirties AB „Lietuvos geležinkeliai“ Keleivių vežimo direkcijos veiklos vertinimo ypatumai, išvados, literatūros sąrašas. / Not only in whole world, but also in Lithuania business valuation is becoming more relevant. Earlier managers used to take important decisions using only their intuition, perception, and logic. Today this is almost impossible because of various reasons. The main purpose of the analytic-methodic part of this final master’s degree thesis is to represent structured methodical and juristic information existent in European Union and Lithuania; and additionally describe the financial analysis of the companies and valuate its importance. Using analytic-methodic part as a reference, in experimental-research part is analyzed passenger transportation directorate of “Lietuvos Geležinkeliai” SP JSC, as well as the peculiarities of its activity valuation and evaluation, and why it is not possible to valuate business in all cases. Thesis consists of 5 parts: preface, methodical and juristic information of business valuation, peculiarities of valuation the passenger transportation directorate of “Lietuvos Geležinkeliai” SP JSC, conclusion, and list of literature.