台灣表演藝術產業正受政府重視，但因國內市場小，各團體仍須開拓國際市場；相較樂團和舞團，劇團之附加價值率較高且國內目前極少相關之國際化研究，故本研究欲探討劇團首次進入國際市場的原因及過程、對其國際化有正面影響之因素，以及國際化歷程中面臨的困難和解決辦法。依據文建會資料並拜訪我國劇場產業之父吳靜吉博士後，選擇當代傳奇劇場和優表演藝術劇團進行個案研究之深度訪談，建立六大命題，發現管理高層若具國際經驗或英語溝通能力、不同市場的經驗性知識、政府補助，皆對劇團之國際化有正面影響，另外劇團的社會資本和網絡關係對於其快速初始國際化到心理距離較遠之市場具正面影響、劇團的網絡與人際關係對其初始國際化亦有正面影響。 / The performance arts industry has been gradually emphasized by the government of Taiwan since 2004. However, faced with extremely limited domestic market, performance arts groups should transcend home context to explore more opportunities. Compared with music and dance performance groups in the industry, theater groups are with higher value-added rate while having received less attention and research in the field of internationalization. Therefore, this study explores how they do the first foreign market entry, what drivers facilitate their internationalization process, and how they overcome obstacles. According to information from Professor Jing-Jyi Wu and the Council for Cultural Affairs, Contemporary Legend Theatre and Utheatre are chosen to be subjects of in-depth interview. Six propositions are then developed after interviews and data analysis. The findings indicate that drivers facilitating internationalization of theater groups include managers’ international experience and communication skills in English, experiential knowledge, and government subsidies. Business network and social capital favor their quick first entry into markets further away in psychic distance. Moreover, contacts and networks also have a positive influence on theater groups’ initializing internationalization.

Zugl.: Bonn, Univ., Diss., 2008

Univ., Diss.--Paderborn, 2003.

Univ., Diss.--München, 2004.

Thesis Purpose Examine the possibility of small IT companies being benefited from a Cloud Computing transition. Through one case study of a software development company and interviews from five Hallstahmmar’s IT companies, we showed how Cloud Computing can enable organizations to decrease IT investments and related costs. Besides we critically analyzed some drawbacks of this latest concept.   Methodology Primary and secondary data has been collected based on a qualitative method and a structured approach. The collected material of the secondary data was mainly based on latest journals. The interviewing parts have been recorded and summarized.   Theoretical Perspective We have used theories of various aspects of business related to Cloud Computing; e.g. innovation and Cloud Computing, business model and Cloud Computing in order to acquire a complete knowledge base for analyzing our empirical data.   Empirical Foundation A case study of TotalAssist, interview data of LifeCenter AB and interviews of four IT companies of Hallstahammar, are our empirical foundation of the reserach.   Conclusion IT companies of Hallstahammar may adopt the Cloud Computing paradigm. Besides, yet this new concept has its risks. Security remains a concern among many CIO’s. In addition, we recommend means that a company can pursue while implementing a Cloud Computing transition.

While there are many examples to turn to regarding the thriving phenomenon of private persons being exploited to launch cyber attacks on behalf of states, this thesis will direct it’s attention onto two special cases. Russia has been accused of being the state actor behind the cyber attacks on Estonia in 2007 and Georgia in 2008. The cases are chosen as Estonia have been recognised as the first coordinated cyber attack on a foreign country, and Georgia being the first case were cyber attacks have been utilised in synchronisation with military action. The purpose of the thesis is to analyse the facts of each case in relation to the International Law Commission’s Draft Articles on Responsibility of States for Internationally Wrongful Acts (DARSIWA). The analysis will work through article 4, article 5, article 8 and article 11. The main question is how Russia may be hold as legally responsible under international law for the private conduct of ’patriotic’ hackers, the Nashi Youth Group and the Russian Business Network. The thesis concludes that while the circumstances of each case highly indicate state-involvement, this cannot be proven under the respective criterias of the articles and Russia does therefore not bear legal responsibility.