The existing research into corporate entrepreneurship is based upon experiences in the private sector. Reforms of public sectors throughout the western world are focussing on entrepreneurial practices as part of a program to align public sector management practices with those of the private sector.This research concentrates on corporate entrepreneurship in the public sector and specifically addresses opportunities for the emergence of corporate entrepreneurship in Government Business Enterprises (“GBEs”).The literature assumes that entrepreneurial practices in the private sector may be foisted upon the public sector. The paper proposes that corporate entrepreneurship in the public sector is the result of different influencing factors and involves different processes from its private sector counterpart.Building on private sector research this research examines those factors that stimulate and constrain corporate entrepreneurship in the public sector. It addresses the extent to which the influences of factors that stimulate corporate entrepreneurship in the private sector are replicated in GBEs. This analysis generates a model that is founded on:1. Three research propositions that concern the correlation between those factors that foster corporate entrepreneurship in the private sector and those applicable to GBEs. They also address the preponderance of those facilitating factors in corporatised and non-corporatised GBEs; and2. An investigation into the manner in which the facilitating factors influence opportunities for the emergence of corporate entrepreneurship and the extent of that potential emergence. The presence or absence of factors that stimulate or constrain corporate entrepreneurship, however, does not explain its occurrence or absence. Public sector organisations which ensure that the influence of those factors that facilitate corporate entrepreneurship outweigh the influence of the inhibiting factors are more likely to be ready and able to react to opportunities to create value by adopting entrepreneurial processes. This is the basis of a Model that is developed and refined during the course of the paper.The Research Propositions were tested by a survey of 322 publicly urban water businesses located throughout Australia. The Model was illuminated and enhanced by considering case studies from twelve urban water businesses. The literature demonstrates that reforms to the public sector since the late 1970’s have created opportunities for corporate entrepreneurship. The literature also reveals that entrepreneurship is a strategic phenomenon. This paper demonstrates that the environment within which corporate entrepreneurship may occur is influenced by the organisation’s existence within either the public or the private sector and, within the public sector, the environmental and operating features of the entity as either a corporatised GBE, a non-corporatised GBE or other structure.

The aim of my diploma thesis is to map problems of business enterprise in connection with subsidies provided by the Job Centres. In the theoretical part I define main terms, legislative frame, policy of employment, and the topic considering enterprise establishment including the programme {\clq}q Enterprise without obstacles and employment of disabled people``. Work plays unreplaceable role in the life of a man. It is an important condition of his/her worthy existence, it brings him/her material welfare but in the same time it gives feeling of self-fulfillment and utility to society. Work is determining for economical and social status of individuals, families and for stability and welfare of the whole society. After losing the work a man usually recognizes the real value of it. Unemployment as a result of the job market function is one the most important problems of the current world. One of the possibilities of unemployment decrease is increasing of job potentialities for job applicants who have no other way to get a job unless they set their own business. To realize chosen enterprise options job centres can provide financial support for covering of some of expenses necessary to set self-employment. This diploma thesis focuses on problems of subsidies provided to beginning enterpreneurs by the Job Centre in České Budějovice. As a quantitative resarch work the method of questionnig (questionnaire technique) was used together with the method of documents analysis (technique of data secundary analysis). This diploma thesis tries to find out the effectivity of subsidies provided by job centres and to inform not only beginning enterpreneurs but also the whole society about conditions and possibilities connected with the beginning of the enterpreneur activities.

O presente estudo aborda a questão da cidadania organizacional, através da análise das práticas de gestão, em especial as de Gestão de Pessoas, de empresas certificadas socialmente pela Assembléia Legislativa do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul (Brasil). As práticas de gestão podem desencadear tanto um processo de inclusão como de exclusão social, mas se estas forem socialmente responsáveis, poderão contribuir para o desenvolvimento da cidadania organizacional, segundo Melo Neto e Fróes (2001). Vale destacar que a responsabilidade social e a cidadania organizacional estão sendo tratadas como questões estratégicas no ambiente empresarial competitivo. E por essa razão, acredita-se que ao se destacar as práticas socialmente responsáveis das empresas certificadas possivelmente se estará estimulando o desenvolvimento destas em outras organizações. No caso, sabe-se que as organizações em estudo já atuam na área social, mas há possibilidade de qualificar suas ações neste campo. Desta forma, o estudo assumiu primeiramente o caráter exploratório descritivo, ao evidenciar o retrato de trinta organizações, por meio de levantamento tipo Survey. A maioria das pesquisadas é de empresas privadas nacionais, de grande porte, pertencente aos setores de indústria e serviços e com mais de 20 anos de atuação. Identificam-se as práticas de gestão destas organizações e é verificada a contribuição destas, de maneira geral, para o processo de inclusão social. Percebe-se também que as empresas, em sua maioria, declaram-se cidadãs. No entanto, algumas ainda privilegiam o assistencialismo em detrimento do auxílio à comunidade para que esta obtenha seus direitos sociais. Já que algumas têm esse perfil assistencialista, procurou-se, em um segundo momento, analisar uma organização que se destacasse das demais por seus projetos sociais e sua relação com os funcionários. O objetivo era que esta servisse de exemplo às outras para que estas possam qualificar suas ações. Assim, realizou-se um estudo de caso no Banco do Brasil. Para tanto, foram realizadas entrevistas semi-estruturadas com dois Analistas de Gestão de Pessoas e um da Superintendência Estadual, que tratam das questões sócio-ambientais do Banco. Além disso, foram aplicados 811 questionários aos funcionários de várias regiões do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul e realizadas entrevistas com membros de uma comunidade beneficiada pela organização. Com isso, foi possível perceber que o Banco também pode buscar qualificar suas práticas socialmente responsáveis voltadas aos funcionários. Por fim, foram propostas ações para as organizações estudadas que podem possibilitar a adoção, a manutenção e o aprimoramento da cidadania organizacional e contribuir para a inclusão social no âmbito do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul. / The present study is about organizational citizenship matter by analyzing management practices, especially the ones about Human Resources Management, in companies that were socially certified by Rio Grande do Sul State Congress (Brazil). Management practices can stimulate either a social inclusion process or exclusion one, but these practices, if socially responsible, will contribute to the organizational citizenship development, according to Melo Neto e Fróes (2001). It is important to state that social responsibility and organizational citizenship are being considered, in this paper, strategic points within the competitive business setting. Due to this, it is assured that while highlighting the socially responsible practices of the certified companies, the development of these practices will be stimulated in other organizations. In this case, it is known that the organizations analyzed in this study are already working in social areas, but there are possibilities of qualifying their actions in this field. Thus, this study presents at first, descriptive exploratory characteristics when describing thirty organizations through a Survey. Most of the analyzed companies are private, big , national ones, working in industrial production and services field for more than twenty years. This study identifies the management practices of these companies and verifies their contribution to the process of social inclusion. It is noticed that most of the enterprises define themselves as citizen companies. However, some of them are merely investing in aiding the communities, but not in helping these communities to obtain their social rights. Since some of the companies have this aiding profile, this study, in a second moment, analyzes one organization where social projects and company-staff relationship are remarkable. Using this description we aimed at stimulating other companies to qualify their actions. Banco do Brasil was presented as a case study where semi-structured interviews were carried out with two Human Resources Management Analysts and one person from the State Superintendence, all of them working with socio-environmental matters in the bank. Besides this, 811 interviews were carried out with employees from different regions of the state and with members of one beneficiary community. By getting this data it was possible to notice that this bank has to qualify its practices related to its employees. Finally, some actions were suggested to the studied organizations to ease the usage, continuity and improvement of their organizational citizenship and to contribute to social inclusion in Rio Grande do Sul state.

O presente estudo aborda a questão da cidadania organizacional, através da análise das práticas de gestão, em especial as de Gestão de Pessoas, de empresas certificadas socialmente pela Assembléia Legislativa do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul (Brasil). As práticas de gestão podem desencadear tanto um processo de inclusão como de exclusão social, mas se estas forem socialmente responsáveis, poderão contribuir para o desenvolvimento da cidadania organizacional, segundo Melo Neto e Fróes (2001). Vale destacar que a responsabilidade social e a cidadania organizacional estão sendo tratadas como questões estratégicas no ambiente empresarial competitivo. E por essa razão, acredita-se que ao se destacar as práticas socialmente responsáveis das empresas certificadas possivelmente se estará estimulando o desenvolvimento destas em outras organizações. No caso, sabe-se que as organizações em estudo já atuam na área social, mas há possibilidade de qualificar suas ações neste campo. Desta forma, o estudo assumiu primeiramente o caráter exploratório descritivo, ao evidenciar o retrato de trinta organizações, por meio de levantamento tipo Survey. A maioria das pesquisadas é de empresas privadas nacionais, de grande porte, pertencente aos setores de indústria e serviços e com mais de 20 anos de atuação. Identificam-se as práticas de gestão destas organizações e é verificada a contribuição destas, de maneira geral, para o processo de inclusão social. Percebe-se também que as empresas, em sua maioria, declaram-se cidadãs. No entanto, algumas ainda privilegiam o assistencialismo em detrimento do auxílio à comunidade para que esta obtenha seus direitos sociais. Já que algumas têm esse perfil assistencialista, procurou-se, em um segundo momento, analisar uma organização que se destacasse das demais por seus projetos sociais e sua relação com os funcionários. O objetivo era que esta servisse de exemplo às outras para que estas possam qualificar suas ações. Assim, realizou-se um estudo de caso no Banco do Brasil. Para tanto, foram realizadas entrevistas semi-estruturadas com dois Analistas de Gestão de Pessoas e um da Superintendência Estadual, que tratam das questões sócio-ambientais do Banco. Além disso, foram aplicados 811 questionários aos funcionários de várias regiões do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul e realizadas entrevistas com membros de uma comunidade beneficiada pela organização. Com isso, foi possível perceber que o Banco também pode buscar qualificar suas práticas socialmente responsáveis voltadas aos funcionários. Por fim, foram propostas ações para as organizações estudadas que podem possibilitar a adoção, a manutenção e o aprimoramento da cidadania organizacional e contribuir para a inclusão social no âmbito do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul. / The present study is about organizational citizenship matter by analyzing management practices, especially the ones about Human Resources Management, in companies that were socially certified by Rio Grande do Sul State Congress (Brazil). Management practices can stimulate either a social inclusion process or exclusion one, but these practices, if socially responsible, will contribute to the organizational citizenship development, according to Melo Neto e Fróes (2001). It is important to state that social responsibility and organizational citizenship are being considered, in this paper, strategic points within the competitive business setting. Due to this, it is assured that while highlighting the socially responsible practices of the certified companies, the development of these practices will be stimulated in other organizations. In this case, it is known that the organizations analyzed in this study are already working in social areas, but there are possibilities of qualifying their actions in this field. Thus, this study presents at first, descriptive exploratory characteristics when describing thirty organizations through a Survey. Most of the analyzed companies are private, big , national ones, working in industrial production and services field for more than twenty years. This study identifies the management practices of these companies and verifies their contribution to the process of social inclusion. It is noticed that most of the enterprises define themselves as citizen companies. However, some of them are merely investing in aiding the communities, but not in helping these communities to obtain their social rights. Since some of the companies have this aiding profile, this study, in a second moment, analyzes one organization where social projects and company-staff relationship are remarkable. Using this description we aimed at stimulating other companies to qualify their actions. Banco do Brasil was presented as a case study where semi-structured interviews were carried out with two Human Resources Management Analysts and one person from the State Superintendence, all of them working with socio-environmental matters in the bank. Besides this, 811 interviews were carried out with employees from different regions of the state and with members of one beneficiary community. By getting this data it was possible to notice that this bank has to qualify its practices related to its employees. Finally, some actions were suggested to the studied organizations to ease the usage, continuity and improvement of their organizational citizenship and to contribute to social inclusion in Rio Grande do Sul state.

O presente estudo aborda a questão da cidadania organizacional, através da análise das práticas de gestão, em especial as de Gestão de Pessoas, de empresas certificadas socialmente pela Assembléia Legislativa do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul (Brasil). As práticas de gestão podem desencadear tanto um processo de inclusão como de exclusão social, mas se estas forem socialmente responsáveis, poderão contribuir para o desenvolvimento da cidadania organizacional, segundo Melo Neto e Fróes (2001). Vale destacar que a responsabilidade social e a cidadania organizacional estão sendo tratadas como questões estratégicas no ambiente empresarial competitivo. E por essa razão, acredita-se que ao se destacar as práticas socialmente responsáveis das empresas certificadas possivelmente se estará estimulando o desenvolvimento destas em outras organizações. No caso, sabe-se que as organizações em estudo já atuam na área social, mas há possibilidade de qualificar suas ações neste campo. Desta forma, o estudo assumiu primeiramente o caráter exploratório descritivo, ao evidenciar o retrato de trinta organizações, por meio de levantamento tipo Survey. A maioria das pesquisadas é de empresas privadas nacionais, de grande porte, pertencente aos setores de indústria e serviços e com mais de 20 anos de atuação. Identificam-se as práticas de gestão destas organizações e é verificada a contribuição destas, de maneira geral, para o processo de inclusão social. Percebe-se também que as empresas, em sua maioria, declaram-se cidadãs. No entanto, algumas ainda privilegiam o assistencialismo em detrimento do auxílio à comunidade para que esta obtenha seus direitos sociais. Já que algumas têm esse perfil assistencialista, procurou-se, em um segundo momento, analisar uma organização que se destacasse das demais por seus projetos sociais e sua relação com os funcionários. O objetivo era que esta servisse de exemplo às outras para que estas possam qualificar suas ações. Assim, realizou-se um estudo de caso no Banco do Brasil. Para tanto, foram realizadas entrevistas semi-estruturadas com dois Analistas de Gestão de Pessoas e um da Superintendência Estadual, que tratam das questões sócio-ambientais do Banco. Além disso, foram aplicados 811 questionários aos funcionários de várias regiões do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul e realizadas entrevistas com membros de uma comunidade beneficiada pela organização. Com isso, foi possível perceber que o Banco também pode buscar qualificar suas práticas socialmente responsáveis voltadas aos funcionários. Por fim, foram propostas ações para as organizações estudadas que podem possibilitar a adoção, a manutenção e o aprimoramento da cidadania organizacional e contribuir para a inclusão social no âmbito do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul. / The present study is about organizational citizenship matter by analyzing management practices, especially the ones about Human Resources Management, in companies that were socially certified by Rio Grande do Sul State Congress (Brazil). Management practices can stimulate either a social inclusion process or exclusion one, but these practices, if socially responsible, will contribute to the organizational citizenship development, according to Melo Neto e Fróes (2001). It is important to state that social responsibility and organizational citizenship are being considered, in this paper, strategic points within the competitive business setting. Due to this, it is assured that while highlighting the socially responsible practices of the certified companies, the development of these practices will be stimulated in other organizations. In this case, it is known that the organizations analyzed in this study are already working in social areas, but there are possibilities of qualifying their actions in this field. Thus, this study presents at first, descriptive exploratory characteristics when describing thirty organizations through a Survey. Most of the analyzed companies are private, big , national ones, working in industrial production and services field for more than twenty years. This study identifies the management practices of these companies and verifies their contribution to the process of social inclusion. It is noticed that most of the enterprises define themselves as citizen companies. However, some of them are merely investing in aiding the communities, but not in helping these communities to obtain their social rights. Since some of the companies have this aiding profile, this study, in a second moment, analyzes one organization where social projects and company-staff relationship are remarkable. Using this description we aimed at stimulating other companies to qualify their actions. Banco do Brasil was presented as a case study where semi-structured interviews were carried out with two Human Resources Management Analysts and one person from the State Superintendence, all of them working with socio-environmental matters in the bank. Besides this, 811 interviews were carried out with employees from different regions of the state and with members of one beneficiary community. By getting this data it was possible to notice that this bank has to qualify its practices related to its employees. Finally, some actions were suggested to the studied organizations to ease the usage, continuity and improvement of their organizational citizenship and to contribute to social inclusion in Rio Grande do Sul state.

This master`s thesis focuses study of distribution in the selected company. Served distribution contract to the satisfaction of the customer in terms of delivery dates, quality and cost. Analyzes the current state of contract and suggests, based on critical points further steps to improve the situation of management contracts. Evaluates the theoretical approaches and implementation conditions with all the benefits.

This master`s thesis focuses on suggestion of changes in the purchasing process in relation to supplier management. Served suggestion of changes in the purchasing structure to the satisfaction of the customer in term sof delivery dates, quality and cost. Analyzes the current state of purchasing process and suggest, based on critical points further steps to improve the situation of management contracts. Evaluates the theoretical approaches and implementation conditions with all the benefits.

This is the thirteenth workshop to be organised under the postgraduate programmes in electrical and electronic engineering (EEE). In total, twenty-nine papers, divided into eight themes, comprise the Proceedings.

O trabalho tem por objeto a análise da disciplina jurídica, conforme fixada na Lei 6.404/1976, dos grupos de sociedades de subordinação, ou seja, aqueles pautados por relações hierarquizadas de controle societário, abrangendo tanto os grupos de fato (não formalizados por meio de convenção e regulados principalmente pelos artigos 245 e 246 da lei acionária) quanto os grupos de direito (sujeitos a convenção de grupo, estipulada consoante os artigos 265 e seguintes do referido diploma). A principal tese levantada, cuja verificação representa o objetivo central do estudo, é a de que o limitado uso dos grupos de direito na realidade brasileira se deve, sobretudo, à inefetividade da tutela judicial do conflito de interesses no âmbito dos grupos de fato. Como hipóteses de trabalho instrumentais a tal investigação, são analisadas questões como (i) a baixa difusão dos grupos de direito contraposta à ampla disseminação e à relevante função econômica dos grupos de fato na praxe empresarial brasileira, (ii) o alto nível de abuso do poder de controle (captura de benefícios privados do controle) na realidade do país e (iii) a inefetividade dos mecanismos judiciais de contraste ao abuso do poder de controle nas relações intersocietárias. A análise é amparada, principalmente, pelos métodos (i) histórico (investigação das origens da participação de sociedades no capital de outras sociedades), (ii) comparado (confronto pontual entre a disciplina brasileira e a de outros países, notadamente Alemanha, Itália e França) e (iii) dialético (confronto analítico de diferentes posições da doutrina). O estudo também toma por base dados empíricos extraídos de pesquisas de natureza econômica e de levantamentos oficiais, sem contudo empreender reelaboração estatística independente de tais informações. Os referidos dados trazem sólidos indícios que, argumenta-se, essencialmente confirmam as hipóteses de trabalho e a tese principal do estudo. Outros resultados e conclusões relevantes da pesquisa são: (i) a destacada função de fomento aos grupos e favorecimento da concentração econômica (Organisationsrecht) das normas brasileiras que tratam do fenômeno intersocietário, em contraposição ao objetivo de meramente proteger acionistas externos e credores (Schutzrecht); (ii) a rejeição da caracterização do grupo em si como uma sociedade de sociedades; (iii) a rejeição do conceito de interesse de grupo; (iv) a afirmação da natureza não apenas lícita, mas tipificada da organização da atividade empresarial na forma plurissocietária; (v) a obtenção de dados oficiais sobre a efetiva difusão dos grupos de direito, cujo número, apesar de baixo, excede as estimativas anteriores da doutrina; e (vi) a identificação da dificuldade de se comprovar em juízo o inadimplemento de deveres fiduciários de administradores e sociedades controladoras como elemento crítico por trás da inefetividade do sistema brasileiro de contraste ao abuso do poder de controle nas relações de grupo. / The scope of the research is to analyze the legal treatment, under Law 6,404/1976, of vertical groups of companies, i.e. those in which prevail hierarchical relations of corporate control. The analysis covers both de facto groups (that are not subject to a formal group agreement and are regulated mainly by articles 245 and 246 of Law 6,404/1976) and contractual groups (subject to a group agreement, executed in accordance with articles 265 et seq. of the same statute). The main thesis raised confirmation of which is the central purpose of the research is that the limited use of contractual groups in Brazil is, above all, the result of the ineffectiveness of judicial protection from conflicts of interest within de facto groups. As instrumental hypotheses supporting the analysis, the study comprises a review of issues such as: (i) the limited number of contractual groups, contrasting with the large diffusion and economic relevance of de facto groups within Brazilian businesses, (ii) the high level of abuse of corporate control (capture of private benefits of control) within the country and (iii) the ineffectiveness of judicial mechanisms aimed at contrasting abuse of corporate control in intercompany relations. The research is based mainly on the (i) historical (investigation of the origins of intercompany equity interests), (ii) comparative (comparison of Brazilian regulation of specific matters with that of other countries, mainly Germany, Italy and France) and (iii) dialectical (analytical opposition of different positions held by scholars) methods. The study is also based on factual data extracted from economical research and official assessments. However, such statistical information is not in any form independently processed. The collected data, it is argued, provides solid evidence confirming the main and supporting hypotheses of the study. Other material results and conclusions of the analysis are: (i) the significant function of promoting group formation and economic concentration (Organisationsrecht) of the Brazilian regulation of intercompany relation, as opposed to the purpose merely protecting external shareholders and creditors (Schutzrecht); (ii) the rejection of the qualification of groups themselves as companies formed by companies; (iii) the rejection of the concept of group interest; (iv) the defense of the lawful (but also expressly legally recognized) nature of the polycorporate business organization; (v) collection of official data on the effective use of contractual groups, which number is very limited but exceeds prior expectations of scholars; and (vi) identification of the difficulty to demonstrate in court the breach of fiduciary duties by managing officers and controlling companies as the critical cause of the lack of effectiveness of the Brazilian system of defense against abuse of corporate control in intercompany relations.

In 2013, 35% of the workforce was not engaged, which results in lack of productivity and loss of profitability for small business enterprises (SBEs). The purpose of this qualitative case study was to explore successful strategies that frontline leaders in a 4 generation, family-owned excavating business used to engage their frontline employees. The excavating business was started in 1947 by the father of the current business owners. William Kahn's employee engagement theory was the conceptual framework for this study. Data were collected through a focus group and direct observations of engagement during meetings and frontline areas from a population of 8 frontline leaders from construction work at an excavating business in Stephens City, Virginia. Data from the focus group and direct observations were thematically analyzed and then triangulated to ensure the trustworthiness of the interpretations. The 5 themes that emerged included: investing in sustainability, leading by example, providing clear and open communication, implementing a system of measurement, and developing a professional image. These themes could provide the basis for the area frontline leaders to improve the employee engagement level of their frontline employees. These findings could prompt what has been a missing dialogue of communication that could bridge the employee engagement gap between the area employees and employers. Social change implications of these findings could lead to productivity improvement that could contribute to the survival of SBEs and to the employment status of the community.