O presente trabalho trata da adaptação do ‘MEIO’ – Modelo de Estratégia, Indicadores e Operações, proposto por Müller (2003), para organizações não governamentais (ONGs) de pequeno e médio porte. O modelo tem por objetivo integrar o Planejamento Estratégico, Gerenciamento de Processos e Avaliação de Desempenho, tendo como uma de suas características a flexibilidade, o que permite que as organizações o apliquem, começando por qualquer módulo, dependendo do estágio de desenvolvimento em gestão empresarial que se encontram. Inicialmente, é apresentada uma fundamentação teórica que visa conhecer esses elementos de gestão e a realidade na qual se inserem as organizações sem fins lucrativos. Embasando a adequação do método, foram levantados dados de três fontes: (i) por meio da aplicação de questionários, cuja finalidade é conhecer o perfil e o nível de gestão das organizações objeto deste estudo; (ii) a partir da pesquisa desenvolvida pelo IBGE (2005) “Fundações Privadas e as Associações sem fins lucrativos no Brasil 2002”, que permite ter uma visão abrangente do perfil das organizações sociais brasileiras; e (iii) através de um estudo de caso em uma ONG, onde a aplicação do modelo permite um melhor conhecimento da ferramenta e do universo onde será aplicada. As conclusões oriundas da revisão bibliográfica e do levantamento de dados permitem a apresentação de uma proposta de modelo mais aderente aos objetivos e perfil das organizações sociais de pequeno e médio porte, sem, contudo, ser ampla o suficiente para ser estendida a todo universo, uma vez que o novo modelo não foi testado em outras organizações, o que é uma indicação, entre outras, para futuros trabalhos. / This thesis concerns about the adaptation of “MEIO” – A model that integrates strategy, indicators and operations – proposed by Müller (2003), to small and medium-sized nonprofit organizations. This model aims to integrate Strategic Planning, Business-Process Management and Performance Measurement. One of its characteristics is the flexibility that allows the organizations to apply ‘MEIO’ at any of its modules, depending on their development’s stage in management. Initially, theoretical information is given aiming a better knowledge of management elements and the reality on nonprofit organizations. To support the correspondence of the method, data was collected from three different sources: (i) interviews that establish the profiles and development’s level of the organizations focus of this study; (ii) a research about private foundations and nonprofit associations in Brazil made by IBGE (2005) – “Private Foundations and Nonprofit Associations in Brazil 2002”; and (iii) a case study carried out in a nonprofit organization that provides the necessary understanding of the tools used in the method and the universe where the model is applied. Due to conclusion based on the reviews and data, a more suitable model is proposed. This new model fits better the goals and profiles of small and medium-sized organizations. Finally, it is important to mention that this model is not universal, since it hasn’t been tested in other organizations, suggesting then a follow up of this study.

Submitted by Fabio Sobreira Campos da Costa (fabio.sobreira@ufpe.br) on 2016-04-07T13:12:44Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) Fatores Críticos de Sucesso na Aderência de Processos de Negócio de ERP às Organizações do Setor Público - Julliane Mágero.pdf: 2612858 bytes, checksum: ac5ae5d0b64ccb5859bf1434a201a7f7 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-07T13:12:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) Fatores Críticos de Sucesso na Aderência de Processos de Negócio de ERP às Organizações do Setor Público - Julliane Mágero.pdf: 2612858 bytes, checksum: ac5ae5d0b64ccb5859bf1434a201a7f7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-08-20 / A implantação de sistemas integrados de gestão (ERP) juntamente com a Gestão de Processos de Negócio (BPM) têm se tornado uma expressiva abordagem para aumentar a eficiência e eficácia dos serviços prestados pelas organizações, especialmente as instituições públicas. Contudo, a implantação de sistemas ERP é um processo complexo e de alto risco para as empresas, as quais tem o BPM como ferramenta essencial de apoio para identificar a aderência dos requisitos de negócios específicos da instituição em relação aos requisitos funcionais do ERP. Sendo assim, o objetivo dessa pesquisa é analisar os desafios envolvidos na aderência dos processos de negócio de um ERP administrativo no setor público, com a proposta de identificar os fatores que são críticos para o seu sucesso, sob a ótica dos patrocinadores, líderes, analistas de negócio e usuários. Para compreender este problema a partir de uma perspectiva prática, foi realizado um estudo de caso exploratório em uma instituição pública de ensino superior que está implantando um sistema ERP. Foram realizadas entrevistas, observações e análise documental para coletar os dados, que foram analisados posteriormente. O estudo de caso exploratório propiciou a identificação dos fatores críticos de sucesso que influenciam, como facilitadores ou barreiras, na implantação dos sistemas integrados de gestão. Assim, a realização desse estudo e os resultados encontrados colaboraram para o aumento do conhecimento sobre quais os fatores influenciam na fase de aderência durante a implantação de um ERP, possibilitando a mitigação dos possíveis impactos negativos. / The implementation of integrated management systems (ERP) together with the Business Process Management (BPM) has become an expressive approach to increase the efficiency and effectiveness of services provided by organizations, especially public institutions. However, the implementation of ERP systems is a complex and risky process for companies, which have the BPM as an essential support tool to identify adherence to the specific business requirements of the institution in relation to functional ERP requirements. Thus, the objective of this research is to analyze the challenges involved in adherence of the business processes of an administrative ERP in the public sector, with the purpose of identifying the factors that are critical to its success, from the perspective of sponsors, leaders, business analysts and users. To understand this issue from a practical perspective, an exploratory case study was conducted in a public institution of higher education that is implementing an ERP system. Interviews were conducted, as well as observations and documental analysis for data collection, which were analyzed later. The exploratory case study led to the identification of critical success factors that influence as facilitators or barriers in the implementation of integrated management systems. Thus, the realization of this study and the results obtained contributed to increase the knowledge about which factors influence the adherence phase when deploying an ERP, enabling the mitigation of possible negative impacts.

Submitted by Nadir Basilio (nadirsb@uninove.br) on 2017-03-31T14:37:41Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Anderson Rocha de Barros.pdf: 3399807 bytes, checksum: f1b6b0ea888af6f58fe6e7df4f01b4ea (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-03-31T14:37:41Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Anderson Rocha de Barros.pdf: 3399807 bytes, checksum: f1b6b0ea888af6f58fe6e7df4f01b4ea (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-08-25 / All businesses have processes that define how a product or service will be delivered. Therefore, knowledge of the business process is an important factor to deliver to customers, satisfactory results and get the desired profit. A methodology that contributes to the understanding of this process is known as BPM (Business Process Management) that, through the Process Architecture technique helps in understanding of critical processes, organizing them for a better flow of information, resulting in effective communication among those involved in process of a company. This study was applied to an organizer of tender that, after consecutive errors in the application of an objective test, required that its procedures were revised and improved. With the application of Process Architecture and Business Process Mangement, it was possible to identify problems, organize them and develop a system, automating the improved process in the departments of the company organizing contests. Several applications of objective tests were performed after the process improvement and as a result, the company organizing contests showed no more mistakes and retain many customers. / Todas as empresas possuem processos que definem como será entregue um produto ou serviço. Portanto, o conhecimento do processo de negócio é um fator importante para entregar aos clientes, resultados satisfatórios e obter o lucro desejado. Uma metodologia que colabora para a compreensão desse processo é conhecida como BPM (Business Process Management) que, por meio da técnica de Arquitetura de Processos, ajuda na compreensão dos processos críticos, organizando-os para um melhor fluxo da informação, resultando em uma comunicação eficaz entre os envolvidos no processo de uma empresa. Este estudo foi aplicado em uma empresa organizadora de concursos públicos que, após erros consecutivos na aplicação da prova objetiva, necessitava que seus processos fossem revisados e melhorados. Com a aplicação da Arquitetura de Processos com a metodologia BPM, foi possível identificar os problemas, organizá-los e desenvolver um sistema, automatizando o processo melhorado nos departamentos da empresa organizadora de concursos. Diversas aplicações da prova objetiva foram executadas após a melhoria do processo e, como resultado, a empresa organizadora de concursos não apresentou mais erros e fidelizou clientes.

Sistemas BPMS surgiram com o objetivo de suportar o modus operandi da gestão por processos nas organizações. Tais sistemas possuem diversas premissas que envolvem a grande interação de usuários de negócio na sua implantação e operação, amparadas por evoluções tecnológicas que permitem a redução drástica de programação e integração com sistemas legados, além do fácil desenvolvimento de indicadores e alteração de regras de negócio. Existem poucos estudos que focam na implantação de sistemas BPMS e avaliação de tais fatores. Esta dissertação buscou através da realização de levantamento bibliográfico e da condução de pesquisa de campo ampliar o conhecimento acerca do tema. A implantação de um sistema BPMS foi realizada através da aplicação de uma pesquisa-ação, o que permitiu a interação e avaliação do tema frente a pontos considerados pela literatura, assim como a descoberta de possíveis fatores a serem considerados. Os resultados obtidos revelam que as proposições não se confirmaram totalmente, o que aponta para um possível distanciamento entre a teoria e a prática. Da mesma forma aponta uma tendência da redução de programação e maior envolvimento de usuários de negócio na implantação e operação de tais sistemas. / BPMS systems have emerged with the goal of supporting the modus operandi of business process management in organizations. Such systems have many assumptions that involve higher interaction of business in its deployment and operation, supported by technological evolutions that allow drastic reduction of programming and integration with legacy systems, beyond the easy development of indicators and changing business rules. There are few studies that focus on BPMS deployment and evaluation of these factors. This dissertation searched through bibliography and the conduction of a field research to extend the knowledge about the subject. The deployment of a BPMS system was carried out by applying research-action method, allowing interaction and evaluation of the theme according to points considered by literature, as well as the discovery of potential factors to consider. The results obtained reveal that the propositions were not fully confirmed, which points to a possible rift between theory and practice. Similarly, it points to a trend of programming reduction and greater involvement of business users in deployment and operation of such systems.

Existe uma tendência entre as organizações por optarem pela abordagem de gestão por processos no lugar da abordagem funcional tradicional, porém a falta de integração dos projetos de gestão por processos leva a desperdícios de recursos e diminuição no retorno sobre o investimento. Os Escritórios de Processos podem ser uma proposta de resposta à falta de integração dos projetos de gestão por processos. Em contrapartida, as Instituições de Ensino Superior (IES) necessitam ampliar sua eficácia gerencial e a gestão por processos pode ser uma solução. A oportunidade de investigação relacionando os temas levou a seguinte pergunta de pesquisa: \"O que propor em um Escritório de Processos para uma Instituição de Ensino Superior?\". Para responder a essa pergunta o objetivo geral deste trabalho era propor um Escritório de Processos em uma Instituição de Ensino Superior. Para alcançar o objetivo principal, foram traçados dois objetivos específicos: desenvolver um framework para propor um Escritório de Processos e desenvolver uma proposta de um Escritório de Processos em uma IES. Para atender a estes objetivos, este trabalho combina a utilização de duas abordagens metodológicas: revisão bibliográfica e estudo de casos. Como resultados da pesquisa foram desenvolvidos o framework para propor um Escritório de Processos e a proposta do Escritório de Processos para um IES. A pesquisa contribuiu para o estado da arte sobre o assunto Escritório de Processos. A proposta do Escritório de Processos e framework foram inovadores do ponto de vista bibliográfico, uma vez que trouxeram um modelo de Escritório de Processos que a literatura não aborda. Esse estudo auxiliou à referida IES a iniciar a constituição de seu Escritório de Processos. Dentre os interessados no estudo, destacam-se IESs, organizações de um modo geral, responsáveis por processos de negócios, pesquisadores e consultores. / There is a tendency among organizations opt for a Business Process Management approach instead of the traditional functional approach. BPM Center of Excellence can be a proposed answer to the lack of integration of process management projects. In contrast, the Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) need to broaden their managerial effectiveness and process management can be a solution. The opportunity to research relating the themes led to the following research question: \" What proposing in a BPM Center of Excellence for an Institution of Higher Education ? \" . To answer this question the overall goal of this work was to propose an BPM Center of Excellence in a Higher Education Institution. To achieve the main objective, two specific objectives were set: to develop a framework to propose a Process Office and develop a proposal for an Center of Excellence in an HEI. To meet these objectives, this paper combines the use of two methodological approaches: literature review and case studies. The results of the research framework were developed to propose a BPM Center of Excellence and the proposal of the Office of Proceedings for IES. The research contributed to the state of the art on the subject BPM Center of Excellence. The proposal of the Office and framework were innovative from the point of view of literature as it brought a model of a BPM Center of Excellence that literature does not address. This study helped to said HEIs to start setting up BPM Center of Excellence. Among those interested in the study, we highlight HEIs , organizations in general , responsible for business processes , researchers and consultants .

Capacidade de absorção é um tipo de capacidade dinâmica da firma, presente na literatura de gestão estratégica e que demonstra a aprendizagem organizacional, a partilha de conhecimentos, a inovação e o desempenho da empresa. Estudos anteriores indicam que é importante se concentrar nas rotinas e processos que as organizações usam para adquirir, assimilar, transformar e explorar o conhecimento, dentro do conceito de capacidade de absorção. Entretanto, é ainda um tema recente e pouco estudado na academia e, por isso, alguns autores chamam a atenção para a falta de estudos dos processos relacionados a efetiva implementação e realização da capacidade de absorção nas empresas. Nesse contexto, o objetivo deste trabalho é fornecer uma compreensão de como a capacidade de absorção ocorre nas startups, que mantém relacionamentos interorganizacionais com grandes empresas, para obtenção de vantagem competitiva, sob a perspectiva do gerenciamento de processos de negócio. Para atender aos objetivos propostos, foi utilizado o estudo de caso como método de pesquisa, permitindo identificar os gatilhos que iniciam e terminam os processos de absorção de conhecimento nas startups, bem como as atividades estruturadas e sistematizadas que operacionalizam o conceito. Foi construído um diagrama de atividades que representa o modelo de processos para o desenvolvimento da capacidade de absorção, indicando que os processos de negócio estão relacionados aos fluxos de informações que são processados pelas startups nos programas de aceleração corporativa. As vantagens competitivas decorrentes da capacidade de absorção concretizam-se nas startups por meio da flexibilidade estratégica, inovação do tipo organizacional e no desempenho organizacional, avaliado na perspectiva de seus processos internos. O estudo contribui para o avanço no estado da arte ao descrever os processos de negócio relacionados à operacionalização do conceito de capacidade de absorção em startups, por meio dos relacionamentos interorganizacionais com as grandes empresas. / Absorptive capacity is a type of dynamic capabilities of the firm, present in the strategic management literature, that demonstrates the organizational learning, the knowledge sharing, the innovation and the performance of the company. Previous studies indicate that it is important to focus on the routines and processes that organizations use to acquire, assimilate, transform and exploit knowledge within the concept of absorptive capacity. However, it is still a recent and little-studied topic at the academy and therefore some authors draw attention to the lack of studies of the processes related to the effective implementation and realization of the absorptive capacity in the companies. In this context, the aim of this work is to provide an understanding of how absorptive capacity occurs in startups, which maintains interorganizational relationships with large companies, to gain competitive advantage, from the perspective of Business Process Management. To meet the proposed objectives, the research method was the case study, that is allowing the identification of triggers that initiate and end the processes of absorptive of knowledge in the startups, as well as structured and systematized activities that operationalize the concept. An activity diagram was made that represents the process model for the development of absorptive capacity, indicating that the business processes are related to the information flows that are processed by the startups in the corporate accelerator programs. The competitive advantages arising from the absorptive capacity are achieved in the startups through strategic flexibility, organizational-type innovation and organizational performance, evaluated from the perspective of their internal processes. The study contributes to the advancement in the state of the art by describing the business processes related to the operationalization of the concept of absorptive capacity in startups, through the interorganizational relationships with the large companies.

As demandas de um mercado cada vez mais dinâmico e global exigiram das organizações um formato mais flexível que as rígidas estruturas funcionais, sendo que a Gestão por Processos (BPM) surgiu como uma alternativa a tal necessidade. Para auxiliar o sucessos de iniciativas de promoção de BPM, a literatura apresenta os Fatores Críticos de Sucesso de BPM e, dentre eles, está a Arquitetura de Processos (AP). A AP é definida como o que a organização faz sob o ponto de vista de processos, porém, outras definições e considerações quanto à sua importância são apresentadas dispersas na literatura, bem como métodos para sua elaboração, sem que haja um consenso dos conceitos e etapas para construção. Esta dificuldade de consenso foi identificada por um grupo de pesquisa engajado em promover BPM em uma unidade de ensino de uma Instituição de Ensino Superior (IES) pública brasileira que identificou a necessidade de elaborar sua AP, mas não encontrou um método que fosse consensual entre praticantes e teóricos de BPM. A partir deste contexto, surgiu o problema da presente pesquisa e seu objetivo principal: desenvolver um método de elaboração de Arquitetura de Processos e aplicar em uma unidade de uma IES pública brasileira. Para alcançar este objetivo a pesquisa utilizou-se de dois procedimentos metodológicos: 1. Revisão da literatura científica para consolidação do conhecimento acerca do tema AP, tanto dos seus conceitos quanto de seus métodos de elaboração e 2. Pesquisa-ação desenvolvida pelo grupo de pesquisa em conjunto com colaboradores da organização para aplicação e análise do método proposto. Os resultados foram: a identificação de cinco aspectos relevantes da AP, a avaliação dos métodos existentes na literatura, a proposição de um novo método e, por fim, a aplicação do novo método na unidade em questão da IES pública. A originalidade do trabalho foi a consolidação do conhecimento do tema AP, a elaboração de um método que pode servir como guia para outras organizações e a própria AP elaborada com base no contexto da IES. / The increasingly dynamic and global market demanded of organizations a format more flexible than the rigid functional structures, and the Business Process Management (BPM) has emerged as an alternative to such a need. To help the success of initiatives for promoting BPM, the literature presents the Critical Success Factors for BPM and among them is the Process Architecture (PA). So basic, AP is defined as what the organization does from the point of view of processes, however, other definitions and considerations regarding their importance are presented scattered in the literature, as well as methods for their development, without a consensus of the concepts and steps for construction. This lack of consensus has been identified by a research group engaged in promoting BPM in a brazilian public unit of education of a Higher Education Institution (HEI) who attested to the need to develop their PA, but did not find a method that was consensus among practitioners and theoretical of BPM. From that context, the problem that arose as motivation of this research and its main objective was: to develop a method for developing Process Architecture and apply it in a unit of a brazilian public HEI. To achieve this goal the research used two main methodological procedures: 1. Literature Reviews to consolidate the knowledge about the subject PA, both of their concepts as their methods of elaboration and 2. Research-action developed by the research group in conjunction with the organization\'s employees for application and analysis of the proposed method. The results were: the identification of five relevant aspects of AP, the evaluation of existing methods in the literature, the proposal of a new method, and finally, the application of the new method in the relevant unit of HEI. The main contributions of the research were the consolidation of knowledge of the subject AP, devising a method that may serve as a guide for other organizations and the very elaborate AP based on the context of the HEI.

Galbraith (1995:2) states that “organizations continuously search for more effective approaches in order to survive, to remain competitive, to maintain their operations and to grow in an ever-changing and competitive environment. To achieve sustainable business results, organizations must actively manage cost, quality, product and service features by means of their efficient and effective application of managerial and operational systems within a well-designed organizational framework.” Porter and Tanner (2004:3) argue that “in their endeavour to remain competitive organizations have over the last few decades in search of the ultimate system or methodology tried and tested all the various performance improvement approaches or performance enablers (ISO 9000, Business Process Reengineering (BPR), Business Excellence, Continuous Improvement, Total Quality Management (TQM), Just-in-Time, Project Management, Six Sigma, Lean Sigma, etcetera). Although thousands of organizations implemented these performance enablers, few organizations achieved their envisaged state of excellence.” Kerzner (1997:2) argues that “there are only two ways in which work gets done in organizations: through business processes or through projects. Business processes are permanent work structures that transform inputs continuously into outputs as ongoing operations. Projects on the other hand are temporary work structures that shut down once the output has been achieved.” Robbins, (1998:629) states that “since the organizations’ success or failure is essential due to the things that its employees do or fail to do (processes), any planned change must also be concerned with changing the behaviour of individuals and groups within the organization.” It is therefore critical that management does have scientific control over the function or Critical Core Capability that touches “the way things get done”. The researcher are therefore of the opinion that business process being the core descriptor of the “how”, “what”, “when”, and “why” of every individuals daily interaction with his work, his colleagues, his organization and his clients is maybe by far the biggest factor of satisfaction, dissatisfaction, harmony or conflict in the organization and determines to a large extent what the behaviour of the individual, the groups and the organization at large will be on a daily basis. Business Process was identified as core to all the performance enablers and was elevated to a Critical Core Capability status in many organizations. Derived from the above Business Process Management as a Critical Core Capability should encompass the four management functions, and should be supported by a proper organizational framework that includes strategy, structure, policies, procedures, and people. The literature search also confirmed that “synergy”, i.e. “The whole is more than its parts”, is paramount to success when it comes to the management of a Critical Core Capability. With the above as reference the researcher set out to establish which criteria should be included in a measurement instrument to measure Business Process Management as a Critical Core Capability in an organization. The following primary research question was formulated and used as vantage point to develop, as the primary objective, said instrument: What must be implemented, in terms of strategies, governance, enterprise architecture, and process optimization, to ensure that organization culture, people’s behaviour and the work environment will be conducive to successfully establish and maintain Business Process Management as a Critical Core Capability of an organization? Based on a proper research process and methodology the researcher utilized the following methods to develop the Test Instrument: <ul> <li> A comprehensive literature study;</li> <li> Discussions with and inputs from experts;</li> <li> Questionnaires; and</li> <li> Statistical analysis.</li> </ul> An Assessment Tool for Measuring Business Process Management as a Core Capability in an organization comprising ninety items clustered in six criteria in a five factor scale was developed and tested in two organizations as well as in three different business units in the one organization. The final Descriptive Statistics showed that the overall reliability of the items per criterion was highly acceptable with Cronbach Alpha Coefficients of 0.7315, 0.9216, 0.8224, 0.7650, 0.8248, and 0.7722 respectively, (higher than the acceptable level of 0.70). The final analysis therefore concluded that the assessment tool, the Business Process Management Competency Assessment Model (BPMCAM), is a reliable tool that can distinguish in terms of Business Process Management as a Critical Core Capability the level of an organization’s readiness to implement and/or to sustain the Business Process Management functionality as a Critical Core Capability. / Thesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 2008. / Human Resource Management / unrestricted

[Context] Interdisciplinary healthcare teams (IHTs) include practitioners from different disciplines who collaborate for providing care to patients. IHTs often follow clinical workflows composed of tasks that must be executed by practitioners with specific capabilities. The membership in an IHT can however evolve over time for a given patient. [Problem] Existing Business Process Management (BPM) suites and their workflow execution engines are designed for supporting and monitoring general workflows, but they are insufficient in supporting the allocation of tasks to the most suitable practitioners during the execution of healthcare workflows in a dynamic context. [Methodology] Using Design Science Research, this thesis builds on top of an existing semantic layer, which includes an ontology defining IHT team concepts and relationships that are used to reason automatically about team dynamics, in order to add dynamic team management to BPM suites. It does so by proposing and designing middleware (including a generic interface) that enables the semantic layer to command the BPM suite to allocate suitable practitioners to tasks during the execution of clinical workflows. The design and implementation of this middleware are discussed, and the latter is tested on a commercial BPM suite for two realistic clinical processes. [Results] The proof-of-concept implementation demonstrates the feasibility of using middleware with a generic interface to add support for IHT executing BPM suite when managing a patient. In addition, the thesis also demonstrates that the ontology used in the semantic layer is minimal, that is, all of its concepts and relationships are necessary for the required team functionalities (usually absent from BPM tools) to work properly.

Long wait times are a global issue in the healthcare sector, particularly in Canada. Despite numerous research findings on wait time management, the issue persists. This is partly because for a given hospital, the data required to conduct wait times analysis is currently scattered across various information systems. Moreover, such data is usually not accurate (because of possible human errors), imprecise and late. The whole situation contributes to the current state of wait times. This thesis proposes a location-aware business process management system for real-time care process monitoring. More precisely, the system enables an improved visibility of process execution by gathering, as processes execute, accurate and granular process information including wait time measurements. The major contributions of this thesis include an architecture for the system, a prototype taking advantages of commercial real-time location system combined with a business process management system to accurately measure wait times, as well as a case study based on a real cardiology process from an Ontario hospital.