In dieser Dissertation wird eine Suche nach einem angeregten $b$ Quark, $b^*$, durchgeführt. Für diese $b^*$ wird eine anomale Kopplung an Bosonen aus dem Standard Modell vorhergesagt. Diese Kopplung führt zu der Produktion in hochenergetischen Proton-Proton Kollisionen. In der Suche zielen wir auf Ereignisse, bei denen eines der zwei $W$ Bosonen in ein Elektron oder Muon zerfällt und das andere in ein Hadronenpaar. Da es nur ein Neutrino in diesem Prozess gibt, kann das ganze Ereigniss kinematisch rekonstruiert werden. Damit ist es möglich, die Masse des $b^*$ als diskriminierende Variable zu verwenden. Als Datenquelle dienen die Daten, die der ATLAS Detektor in den Jahren 2015 und 2016 bei Proton-Proton Kollisionen mit einer Schwerpunksenergie von $\sqrt s = \SI{13}{\tera\electronvolt}$ aufgezeichnet hat. Dabei entspricht diese Datenmenge einer integrierten Luminosität von $\L_{int} = \SI{36.1}{\femto\barn^{-1}}$. Da die Analyse auf hochmassige $b^*$ abziehlt, kann man davon ausgehen, dass das Hadronenpaar aus dem $W$ Zerfall in einen Jet mit großen Radius passt. Es wurde kein signifikanter Überschuss über den Untergrund gefunden. Damit können nur obere Ausschlussgrenzen bezüglich der Wirkungsquerschnitte in dem entsprechenden Zerfallskanal abgeleitet werden. Unter Annahme von einer Kopplungskonstanten von 1, sind Zerfälle von $b^*\to Wt$ bis zu einer Masse $m_{b^*,\mathrm{obs}}= \SI{2.5}{\tera\electronvolt}$ ausgeschlossen, wobei erwartet wurde, dass die Ausschlussmasse bei $m_{b^*,\mathrm{exp}}= \SI{2.4}{\tera\electronvolt}$ liegen würde. / A search for an excited $b$ quark, $b^*$, in events containing a top quark and a $W$ boson is investigated. These $b^*$ are predicted to have some anomalous couplings to Standard Model bosons aiding the production in high energy proton-proton collisions. The search is aiming for events, where one of the two $W$ bosons decays into an electron or muon, while the other decays hadronically. With only one neutrino, the event can be kinematically fully reconstructed. This enables the use of the mass of the $b^*$ as the discriminant variable. The data source under investigation is the data taken by the ATLAS detector at the LHC accelerator in the years 2015 and 2016 at a center-of-mass energy of $\sqrt s = \SI{13}{\tera\electronvolt}$. The combined dataset corresponds to an integrated luminosity of $\L_{int} = \SI{36.1}{\femto\barn^{-1}}$. The analysis targets high mass excited $b^*$ quarks, where the products of the hadronically decaying $W$ are contained within a large-radius jet. No significant excess over the expected background is observed and upper limits on the cross-section times branching ratio and coupling limits are derived. Assuming unit coupling, $b^*$ decaying into $Wt$ are excluded up to $m_{b^*,\mathrm{obs}}= \SI{2.5}{\tera\electronvolt}$, with an expected exclusion limit of $m_{b^*,\mathrm{exp}}= \SI{2.4}{\tera\electronvolt}$.

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This thesis presents the design qualification and construction of the Beam Scintillator Counter (BSC) for the CMS Collaboration at CERN in 2007 - 2008. The BSC detector is designed to aid in the commissioning of the Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) during the first 2 years of operation and provide technical triggering for beam halo and minimum-bias events. Using plastic scintillator tiles mounted at both ends of CMS, it will detect minimum ionizing particles through the low-to-mid luminosity phases of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) commissioning. During these early phases, the BSC will provide probably the most interesting and widely used data of any of the CMS sub-detectors and will be employed in the track based alignment procedure of the central tracker and commissioning of the Forward Hadron Calorimeter.

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Searches for the supersymmetric partner of the top quark (stop) are motivated by natural supersymmetry, where the stop has to be light to cancel the large radiative corrections to the Higgs boson mass. This thesis presents three different searches for the stop at √s = 8 TeV and √s = 13 TeV using data from the ATLAS experiment at CERN’s Large Hadron Collider. The thesis also includes a study of the primary vertex reconstruction performance in data and simulation at √s = 7 TeV using tt and Z events. All stop searches presented are carried out in final states with a single lepton, four or more jets and large missing transverse energy. A search for direct stop pair production is conducted with 20.3 fb−1 of data at a center-of-mass energy of √s = 8 TeV. Several stop decay scenarios are considered, including those to a top quark and the lightest neutralino and to a bottom quark and the lightest chargino. The sensitivity of the analysis is also studied in the context of various phenomenological MSSM models in which more complex decay scenarios can be present. Two different analyses are carried out at √s = 13 TeV. The first one is a search for both gluino-mediated and direct stop pair production with 3.2 fb−1 of data while the second one is a search for direct stop pair production with 13.2 fb−1 of data in the decay scenario to a bottom quark and the lightest chargino. The results of the analyses show no significant excess over the Standard Model predictions in the observed data. Consequently, exclusion limits are set at 95% CL on the masses of the stop and the lightest neutralino.