• Refine Query
  • Source
  • Publication year
  • to
  • Language
  • 73
  • 40
  • Tagged with
  • 117
  • 117
  • 107
  • 23
  • 23
  • 16
  • 16
  • 16
  • 14
  • 13
  • 12
  • 12
  • 11
  • 10
  • 10
  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
11

Development of a cell killing adenovirus with a novel cytotoxic transgene

Blomqvist, Carl January 2023 (has links)
Cancer is among the most common causes of human deaths globally. Because of limitations and adverse effects of conventional cancer treatments, the need for new treatments is imminent. A rapidly expanding field in cancer therapy is cancer immunotherapy, which aims to, in one way or another, aid the patient’s own immune system in its battle against the tumor cells. A type of cancer immunotherapy is oncolytic virotherapy which utilizes viruses that either have a natural inclination to infect and replicate inside tumor cells or have been engineered to specially replicate in tumor cells causing oncolysis. An example of an oncolytic virus is the Lokon Oncolytic Adenovirus (LOAd). This virus specifically replicates inside cancer cells and is based on adenovirus serotype 5 but with a serotype 35 fiber, causing it to infect via the cluster of differentiation 46 receptor, which is ubiquitously expressed on somatic and tumor cells. A notable virus with the LOAd backbone, that is being evaluated in several clinical trials, is LOAd703, which is armed with the immunostimulatory transgenes 4-1BB ligand and a trimerized cluster of differentiation 40 ligands. In this project, I describe the development and evaluation of Ad703+, a cell killing adenovirus carrying the transgenes of LOAd703 as well as a novel cytotoxic transgene that never has been used in oncolytic virotherapy previously. This virus was developed using the AdEasy system, which is a replication-deficient virus platform based on adenovirus serotype 5. This virus enters cells using the human coxsackie and adenovirus receptor, which is homologous to the murine equivalent.  The ability to express the immunostimulatory transgenes and the cell killing ability of Ad703+ was evaluated in two different human cell lines, HEK293 which allows the replication of Ad703+, and the lung cancer model A549. Ad703+ was shown to express the immunostimulatory transgenes in both of the cell lines, but in a replication-dependent manner. Ad703+ was also shown to exhibit cell killing ability in a replication-independent manner on par with other oncolytic viruses.  The ability of Ad703+ to trigger cell death in a replication-independent manner opens up for the possible application in pre-clinical in vivo studies using mice due to its theoretical ability to infect murine cells and simulate viral oncolysis.
12

Costimulation of T cells and its role in T cell recognition of malignant colorectal cells in vitro

Murray, Nicholas January 1998 (has links)
No description available.
13

The development of a proton grid therapy

Henry, Thomas January 2017 (has links)
No description available.
14

Investigation of RRM2 as a potential therapeutic target against glioblastoma

Hekmati, Neda January 2017 (has links)
Title: Investigation of RRM2 as a potential therapeutic target against glioblastoma Supervisors: Dr. Sven Nelander and Mr. Sathishkumar Baskaran. Department: Department of Immunology, genetics and pathology (IGP), Uppsala University   Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most malignant form of glioma and associated with high proliferation rate, necrosis and highly invasive nature. Current treatment includes tumor resection followed by combination of radiotherapy and chemotherapy with temozolomide (TMZ). Despite of combination therapy, GBM exhibits dismal prognosis and mean survival rate of patients is only 3.3 % at 2 years and 1.2 % at 3 years. Therefore, there is an increasing demand of identifying new therapeutic targets against GBM. In this project, we studied the function of RRM2 gene as a potential therapeutic target in two patients derived GBM cell lines (GC). By knocking down RRM2 using short interfering RNAs, the viability of cells and proliferation was significantly reduced in both the GC. The cause of cell death was due to induction of apoptosis by the treatment in GC. Treatment of COH29, an inhibitor of RNR, induced cell death at therapeutically relevant dose in GC. Our results indicate that RRM2 has a significant role in GBM cell growth/proliferation. More evaluation must be performed in both in-vitro and in-vivo to pursue RRM2 as a molecular therapeutic target against GBM.
15

Changes in direction of cancer research over the 20th century what prompted change : research results, economics, philosophy /

Burke, Jennie. January 2007 (has links)
Thesis (M.Sc. (Hons.))-University of Western Sydney, 2007. / A thesis submitted to the University of Western Sydney, College of Arts, School of Education, in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science (Honours). Includes bibliographical references.
16

Identity, meaning making and cancer survivorship

Masson, Sarah Jane January 2014 (has links)
Purpose: Many lives are affected by cancer. The number of people in England who have had a diagnosis of cancer exceeds one million. Previous research shows that one third of patients have unmet needs post-discharge from cancer treatment, including psychological issues such as negative impacts on self-identity and a lack of meaning in life. Studies have identified identity as an important factor in meaning making, but evidence regarding cancer’s impact on identity is limited to specific cancer sites and specific identity roles. Little is known about cancer’s general impact on global identity or how threats to identity relate to meaning making. The aim of this study was to understand patients’ experiences of cancer’s impact on their identity and what sense they made of these experiences. Methods: Twelve participants in the post-treatment phase of cancer shared their experiences in individual semi-structured interviews. Key themes regarding identity and meaning making in the post-treatment phase were identified using interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA). Results and Conclusions: Four key themes in the participants’ experiences were identified. These were 1) disrupted identity roles, 2) highlights what is important, 3) focused on priorities, and 4) reducing awareness of loss and uncertainty. Relevant literature and implications for future research and clinical practice are discussed.
17

Patienters upplevelser av påverkan på sexualiteten i samband med cancer : - en litteraturstudie

Fanny, Kolmgren, Brunzell, Marina January 2020 (has links)
Introduktion/Bakgrund: Att insjukna i cancer och att genomgå behandling kan påverka patienter på många olika sätt. Såväl sjukdomen som behandlingen kan leda till olika biverkningar som påverkar patientens livskvalitet, däribland sexualiteten. Tidigare forskning har visat att sexuella biverkningar ofta är underbehandlade och underdiagnostiserade. Sex anses fortfarande som ett tabubelagt ämne hos både sjuksköterskor och patienter vilket riskerar att patienter lider i onödan av sina sexuella biverkningar.  Syfte: Syftet med litteraturstudien var att beskriva patienters upplevelser av förändrad sexualitet i samband med cancer. Metod: En litteraturstudie med kvalitativ ansats har använts. Sökningarna har skett i databaserna Cinahl och Pub Med. Materialet har därefter analyserats efter Fribergs analysmodell i fem steg. Sammanlagt inkluderades 16 vetenskapliga artiklar. Resultat: Resultatet sammanställdes under fyra huvudteman: fysiska aspekter, emotionella aspekter, aspekter på relationer samt information och stödjande samtal. Merparten av studierna visar att sexualiteten påverkas negativt av cancer och de behandlingar som ges. Kommunikationen i relationen och med vårdgivaren är viktig för att bevara sexualitet och intimitet.  Slutsats: Cancerbehandling påverkar den upplevda sexualiteten och samlivet i olika omfattningar, vilket kan leda till negativa konsekvenser i patienters liv under en lång tid. Patienter upplever otillräcklig information om sexuella biverkningar och att vårdpersonal är obekväma med ämnet. Studiens fynd bedöms vara av klinisk relevans där specialistsjuksköterskor behöver ge individuellt stöd och information till patienter och deras partners.
18

Cancercellernas mikromiljö är en måltavla för att behandla cancer

alexandra, isa January 2021 (has links)
Cancer är en sjukdom som idag är en av största dödsorsakerna. I mikromiljön finns det bland annat immunförsvarets celler, endotelceller och fibroblaster. Det är en komplex miljö där signalvägar kan stimulera tillväxten hos cancercellen. Syftet med denna studie är att analysera hur cancercellernas mikromiljö ser ut och hur cancercellerna och de ”normala cellerna” kommunicerar med varandra som gynnar cancercellen. Finns det några idéer om framtida behandlingar som påverkar kommunikationen mellan de ”normala cellerna” och cancercellerna. Metoden som tillämpades var en systematisk litteraturöversikt som använde data från originalartiklar för att kunna besvara syftet. PubMed användes som databas och sökorden som användes var bland annat micro environment.   Resultatet visade att signalvägar är en process för cancercellen att växa. Det fanns olika behandlingar för att inhibera kommunikationen, och några av dessa var interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1RA) och interleukin-6 neutraliserad antikropp (IL-6 neutraliserad antikropp). Behandlingen av IL-6 neutraliserad antikropp bidrog till att interleukin-6 (IL-6) som utsöndrades från cancerassocierade fibroblaster (CAF) inte kunde binda till sin receptor som ledde till att cancercellens tillväxt inhiberades.    Det som var gemensamt för hela studien var att cancercellens mikromiljö kunde vara en måltavla för att behandla cancer. Detta genom att inhibera olika signalmolekyler som utsöndras från både cancercellen och de ”normala cellerna”.
19

Effect of doxorubicin exposure in breast cancer on single-cell level by scRNA-seq analysis

Lladós Armengol, Núria January 2021 (has links)
Doxorubicin is a highly effective chemotherapeutic agent against a variety of cancers; however, the exact mechanisms responsible for the effects of doxorubicin on cancer are not widely understood and have not been studied on a single-cell level. Single-cell RNA sequencing analysis is a recent technology that enables the assessment of transcriptional similarities and differences within a population of cells. This thesis aims to study the effects of doxorubicin in breast cancer on a single-cell level and see if there are differently affected subpopulations of cells. A single-cell RNA sequencing pipeline was developed in R and used to analyse breast cancer single-cells treated with doxorubicin. Quality control, filtering, cell-clustering, differently expression gene analysis, pathways analysis and cell type identification were performed. The results identified seven different subpopulations that demonstrated a differential expression of genes and expression-level of pathways such as NEIL3-mediated resolution of induced interstrand crosslinks related with the effect of doxorubicin on cancer cells. The analysis also suggests that two subpopulations of cells could consist of specific cell types potentially treatment-resistant. These findings reinforce the relation of doxorubicin effect on cancer with some important genes and pathways, as well as reaffirming the heterogeneity of breast cancer. As a novel contribution, the results show that different subpopulations of cells could be affected differently by doxorubicin exposure, but future studies with more samples should be performed to see if the analysis leads to similar results
20

Understanding the pathophysiology ofrecurrent UBTF mutations associated withpediatric AML

Paulsson, Annie January 2022 (has links)
Acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) is highly heterogeneous haematological malignancy, which represents a challenge in the understanding of the disease. Relapse in AML is common, andmany relapsed patients respond poorly to conventional treatment, leading to a low survivalrate. Investigating the mutational landscape connected to relapse AML is therefore of highinterest in order to improve clinical outcome. Recurrent in-frame internal tandem duplications(ITDs) in exon 13 of the UBTF gene have previously been discovered in paediatric relapseAML, correlating to one of the DNA binding domains of the transcription factor UBTF.UBTF is involved in recruitment of RNA polymerase I and activation of the transcription ofribosomal RNA. As a result, it is an important factor in ribosome biogenesis. In this study, wehave investigated the effect of UBTF-ITDs on RNA synthesis and UBTF localization. I haveshown that ITDs lead to disturbed localization of UBTF to the nucleus, which coupled withthe previous finding that patients are heterozygous for the ITDs, indicates haploinsufficiency.This could have potential implications in AML drug resistance. We have further generated anin vitro model for investigating the effect of UBTF haploinsufficiency, which could lead toidentification of vulnerabilities to be targeted in future drug treatments.

Page generated in 0.1253 seconds