The purpose of this thesis is to develop the architecture to use the Car2X for observation the local traffic sign and displays it on the OpenStreetMap to provide more information of the road side to the driver. The proposed architecture of this thesis is to convert the traffic sign into the barcode and to be scanned by the barcode scanner and then wirelessly transfers the data to the web server to store the data and displays the traffic sign on the OpenStreetMap in the web browser. It uses two Raspberry Pi boards with CAN-Bus shields for transmitting the data on the CAN-Bus system in the car, a barcode scanner to scan the barcode, a GPS module to get its location, and a WiFi dongle to wirelessly send the data. The thesis also includes the camera to detect the traffic light using OpenCV and sends the GO or STOP command to the car. The results provide the OpenStreetMap with the traffic sign which helps the driver to realize the traffic sign on the road of the desired destination. However, the accuracy of GPS is not satisfied as well as the distance of the barcode scanning, therefore, this thesis suggests that includes the gps position in the barcode and uses the camera to detect the barcode for the improvement in the future.

The purpose of this thesis is to develop the architecture to use the Car2X for observation the local traffic sign and displays it on the OpenStreetMap to provide more information of the road side to the driver. The proposed architecture of this thesis is to convert the traffic sign into the barcode and to be scanned by the barcode scanner and then wirelessly transfers the data to the web server to store the data and displays the traffic sign on the OpenStreetMap in the web browser. It uses two Raspberry Pi boards with CAN-Bus shields for transmitting the data on the CAN-Bus system in the car, a barcode scanner to scan the barcode, a GPS module to get its location, and a WiFi dongle to wirelessly send the data. The thesis also includes the camera to detect the traffic light using OpenCV and sends the GO or STOP command to the car. The results provide the OpenStreetMap with the traffic sign which helps the driver to realize the traffic sign on the road of the desired destination. However, the accuracy of GPS is not satisfied as well as the distance of the barcode scanning, therefore, this thesis suggests that includes the gps position in the barcode and uses the camera to detect the barcode for the improvement in the future.

The development of wireless sensor networks has reached a point where each individual node of a network may store and deliver a massive amount of (sensor-based) information at once or over time. In the future, massively connected, highly dynamic wireless sensor networks such as vehicle-2-vehicle communication scenarios may hold an even greater information potential. This is mostly due to the increase in node complexity. Consequently, data volumes will become a problem for traditional data aggregation strategies trafficwise as well as with regard to energy efficiency. Therefore, in this thesis, proposed a database aggregation strategy can be used to minimize most of these problems of big data in embedded and wireless sensor networks which enables the efficient use of energy and the handling of large data volumes. Moreover, evaluated latency and traffic volume in the network based on experiments using sensor platforms.

The C2X Communication is of high interest to the automotive industry. Ongoing research on this topic mainly bases on the simulation of Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks. In order to estimate the necessary level of simulation details their impact on the results needs to be examined. This thesis focuses on different channel models as the freespace, shadowing, and Ricean model, along with varying parameters. For these simulations the network simulator ns-2 is extended to provide IEEE 802.11p compliance. However, the WAVE mode is not considered since it is still under development and not finally approved. Besides a more sophisticated packet error model than the existing implementation, as well as a link adaptation algorithm, is added. In this thesis several simulations examine specific details of wireless communication systems such as fairness of multiple access, interferences, throughput, and variability. Furthermore, the simulation points out some unexpected phenomena as starving nodes and saturation effects in multi hop networks. Those led to the conclusion that the IEEE 802.11 draft amendment does not solve known problems of the original IEEE 802.11 standard.

In der vorliegenden Arbeit wird eine prädiktive Fahrstrategie vorgestellt, die auf Basis von Ampel-Fahrzeug-Kommunikationsdaten generiert wird. Dazu wird ein aktueller Ansatz für eine prädiktive Fahrstrategie zur Annäherung an eine Lichtsignalanlage (LSA) untersucht. Es werden verschiedene Optimierungsansätze deutlich, von denen ein großer Teil bei der Systemerweiterung berücksichtigt wird. Bei der Analyse konnte gezeigt werden, dass die bisherige Strategieempfehlung durch den Einfluss vorausfahrender Verkehrsteilnehmer eingeschränkt wird. Es ergaben sich potentielle Problemsituationen, welche sich im realen Straßenverkehr negativ auf die Funktionalität des Fahrerassistenzsystems (FAS) auswirken. Für Anfragen des Öffentlichen Personen Nachverkehrs (ÖPNV) wurde ermittelt, dass keine allgemeingültigen Aussagen über die Eignung der Assistenzfunktion gegeben werden können. Die wesentliche Neuerung zu bisheriger Strategieansätze für die Annäherung an Knotenpunkte mit LSA ist die Berücksichtigung anderer Verkehrsteilnehmer. Dazu werden die neuen Größen effektive Freigabezeit und virtuelle Position der Haltelinie eingeführt, auf Basis derer die Strategieempfehlung des FAS an die Anzahl wartender Fahrzeug angepasst wird. Zur Untersuchung des möglichen Energieeinsparpotentials durch den Einsatz eines FAS wurde ein Simulationsmodell in MATLAB/SIMULINK entwickelt. Mit dessen Hilfe konnten verschiedene Situationen dargestellt werden, an denen der Einfluss der Funkreichweite sowie die Auswirkungen der Warteschlange auf das FAS verdeutlicht werden. Ferner kann der positive Effekt auf den Kraftstoffverbrauch und die Haltezeit an der LSA bestätigt werden. Das Simulationsmodell stellt eine gute Grundlage für weiterführende Untersuchung dar und kann an unterschiedliche Situationen angepasst werden. Um den Nutzen auch praktisch zu verifizieren wird eine Reihe von Fahrversuchen durchgeführt. Dem Fahrer wird dabei die Strategie in einem Display visualisiert. Für Situationen, in denen der Fahrzeugstillstand vermeidbar ist erhält dieser eine Geschwindigkeitsempfehlung. Ist ein Stillstand nicht vermeidbar, so erfolgt unmittelbar vor der Haltelinie, die Ausgabe der Restlaufzeit der Rotphase. Bei der Versuchsauswertung wird das Einsparpotential deutlich. Durch eine entwickelte GUI wird dem Fahrer eine Strategie auf dem Display visualisiert. Innerhalb mehrerer Versuchsfahrten konnten das FAS erprobt und in der anschließenden Versuchsauswertung klar die Verbesserungen aufgezeigt werden. / In this paper a predictive driving strategy is presented, which is generated based on car to infrastructure communication data. An actual approach for a driver assistance system has been analyzed to identify room for improvements. The additional benefit of the presented work is the consideration of other road users driving ahead of the ego-vehicle in the process of finding the optimal speed for approaching the traffic-light. A MATLAB/SIMULINK model has been developed, which allows the simulation of different traffic situations to investigate the fuel consumption benefit of a vehicle equipped with the considered system. It illustrates the influence of the radio range and the length of the queue in front of the stop line. Furthermore the positive effect to the fuel consumption of the developed system could be evaluated. The simulation model is a good basis for further tests and could be easily adapted to various situations and vehicles. In addition to the simulation, a human machine interface was developed for evaluating the advanced driver assistance system in test runs. The driver assistance system was tested in several situations to show the benefit of the system. It has been tested via multiple test runs. In the following test evaluation the improvement could clearly be shown.

By means of car2x communication technologies (car2x) driver warnings can be presented to drivers quite early. However, due to their early timing they could be misunderstood by drivers, distract or even disturb them. These problems arise if, at the moment of the warning, the safety–critical situation is not yet perceivable or critical. In order to examine, when drivers want to receive early warnings as a function of the situation criticality, a driving simulator study was conducted using the two early warning stages of a multi stage collision warning system (first stage: informing the driver; second stage: prewarning the driver). The optimum timing to activate these two early warning stages was derived by examining the drivers’ evaluation of these timings concerning their appropriateness and usefulness. As situational variation, drivers traveling at about 100 km/h were confronted with slow moving traffic either driving at 25 km/h or 50 km/h at the end of a rural road. In total, 24 participants were tested in a within-subjects design (12 female, 12 male; M = 26.6 years, SD = 7.2 years). For both stages, drivers preferred an earlier timing when approaching slow moving traffic traveling at 25 km/h (first stage: 447 m, second stage: 249 m ahead of the lead vehicle) compared to 50 km/h (first stage: 338 m, second stage: 186 m ahead of the lead vehicle). The drivers’ usefulness rating also varied with the timing, spanning a range of 8 s for driver-accepted timing variations and showed correspondence to the drivers’ appropriateness ratings. Based on these results and those of a previous study, a timing function for each of the two early warning stages depending on the speed difference between the safety–critical object and the host vehicle is presented. Indirectly, similar adaptations are already implemented in current collision warning systems, which use the time-to-collision to give drivers acute warnings in a later stage, when an immediate reaction of the driver may still prevent a collision. However, this study showed that drivers also favor this kind of adaptation for earlier warning stages (information and prewarning). Thus, adapting the timing according to the drivers’ preferences will contribute to a better acceptance of these collision warning systems.

This work explores possibilities of Car2Car and Car2X communication. It contains survey of system properties, types of transmission messages, etc. It represents architecture of the system and deals with technical expectations and limitations of system. In the light of the fact that this work is created in the time, when development of this system hasn’t finished yet, the work doesn’t contain details which would allow deeper technical view about area of vehicular communication. The work also deals with the possibility of realization of device, communicating with a similar standard. Like the most suitable standard was chosen an IEEE 802.11a. Mobile unit has been realized by single board computer Mini 2440 and communication has been realized by WiFi module OWS451i, which works as AT modem. Mini 2440 and infrastructure server are based on Linux operation system.

The thesis with the title “Designing and simulating a Car2X communication system using the example of an intelligent traffic sign” has been done in Chemnitz University of Technology in the faculty of Computer Science. The purpose of this thesis is to define a layered architecture for Infrastructure to Vehicle (I2V) communication and the implementation of a sample intelligent traffic sign (variable speed limit) application for a Car2X communication system. The layered architecture of this thesis is defined based on three related projects. The application is implemented using the defined layered architecture. Considering the availability of hardware, the implementation is done using the network simulator OMNET++. To check the feasibility of the application three scenarios are created and integrated with the application. The evaluation is done based on the result log files of the simulation which show that the achieved results conform with the expected results, except some minor limitations.

The thesis with the title “Designing and simulating a Car2X communication system using the example of an intelligent traffic sign” has been done in Chemnitz University of Technology in the faculty of Computer Science. The purpose of this thesis is to define a layered architecture for Infrastructure to Vehicle (I2V) communication and the implementation of a sample intelligent traffic sign (variable speed limit) application for a Car2X communication system. The layered architecture of this thesis is defined based on three related projects. The application is implemented using the defined layered architecture. Considering the availability of hardware, the implementation is done using the network simulator OMNET++. To check the feasibility of the application three scenarios are created and integrated with the application. The evaluation is done based on the result log files of the simulation which show that the achieved results conform with the expected results, except some minor limitations.

The C2X Communication is of high interest to the automotive industry. Ongoing research on this topic mainly bases on the simulation of Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks. In order to estimate the necessary level of simulation details their impact on the results needs to be examined. This thesis focuses on different channel models as the freespace, shadowing, and Ricean model, along with varying parameters. For these simulations the network simulator ns-2 is extended to provide IEEE 802.11p compliance. However, the WAVE mode is not considered since it is still under development and not finally approved. Besides a more sophisticated packet error model than the existing implementation, as well as a link adaptation algorithm, is added. In this thesis several simulations examine specific details of wireless communication systems such as fairness of multiple access, interferences, throughput, and variability. Furthermore, the simulation points out some unexpected phenomena as starving nodes and saturation effects in multi hop networks. Those led to the conclusion that the IEEE 802.11 draft amendment does not solve known problems of the original IEEE 802.11 standard.