Using AOP to model non-modular concerns in CBSE ensures better modularity and reusability of components. In this thesis, we provide a model independent approach for modeling aspects in component models. In the approach we model aspects as wrappers on views of component systems. A view describes an adequate component system configuration where all the components of interest of an aspect are encapsulated in the same composite.For declarative definition of views, we provide a declarative language VIL. We illustrate how views are implemented in component models(e.g., Fractal). We provide a formal framework for aspect interferences analysis. In the framework component systems and aspects are modeled as automata and Uppaal model checker is used for the detection of aspect interferences. For interferences resolution, we provide a set of composition operators as templates to be instantiated for any two arbitrary aspects. Our approach is illustrated with an airport wireless access example.

Cette thèse présente l’étude d’un réseau de capteurs pour la surveillance en temps réel de la qualité des eaux souterraines. L’objectif est de réussir à communiquer dans la bande de fréquences libre à 433MHz sur plusieurs dizaines de kilomètres. Le problème majeur des bandes libres est la présence de transmissions parasites (brouilleurs). Nous avons donc, en premier lieu, mis en évidence de la présence de ces brouilleurs et étudier leur impact sur les communications. Après analyse, il s’avère que les brouilleurs sont très nombreux et puissants mais que leur répartition dans la bande est inégale. Une étude spectrale de la bande semble nécessaire, avant la mise en place du réseau, afin de transmettre dans les canaux les moins pollués. Des communications nocturnes sont également à privilégier car les brouilleurs sont moins nombreux la nuit. Nous présentons ensuite une architecture réseau, adaptée au cahier des charges et à cette bande de fréquences. Nous avons également testé un composant RF dédié aux transmissions en bande ISM. Les résultats montrent que les performances de ce composant sont faibles pour des communications longues distances en présence de brouilleurs. Un récepteur radiofréquence simple ne permet donc pas de réaliser des communications fiables dans ces conditions. Le prototype complet du réseau, développé durant ces travaux, est ensuite décrit. Pour finir, nous proposons un nouveau concept de récepteur, utilisant un réseau d’antennes phasé et un détecteur cyclostationnaire, pour pallier au problème des brouilleurs. Le but est de stocker les signaux reçus pour les traiter en temps différé à l’aide d’algorithmes de filtrage spatial. Des simulations montrent l’efficacité de ce concept. / This thesis presents the study of a wireless sensor network for real-time monitoring of groundwater quality. The aim is to successfully communicate in the free 433MHz frequency band over tens of kilometers. The main issue of free bands is the presence of radio frequency interferences (RFI). First, we have studied the properties of these RFI and there impacts on communications. This analysis shows numerous and powerful jammers but with an irregular distribution in time and frequency. In consequence, the network set-up should be based on prior analysis of the time-frequency context. In particular, night communications should be preferred. Then, we present a network architecture adapted to the given industrial specifications and the mentioned frequency band constraint. We have also tested a RF component suitable for ISM band transmissions. Results show that the component performances are low for longue range communications with RFI. With a simple radio frequency receiver, reliable communications are not possible in these conditions. Then the complete network prototype, developed during this thesis, is described. Finally, to overcome the problem due to jammers, we propose a new receiver concept. It is based on a phased antenna array and a cyclostationary detector. The aim is to detect the signal of interest among RFI and to store it for further signal processing. In particular, off-line spatial filtering techniques can used to remove RFI. Simulations show the efficiency of this concept.

Industrial Development Centre (IUC) in Olofström inc. has constructed a measurement value logger which can sample values from eight channels, buffer them and then send them wireless with the Bluetooth technology to e.g. a computer.</p> In this thesis the data transfer rate, i.e. the number of values per second has been studied for different logger settings and when there are interferences in the Bluetooth traffic. How Bluetooth is affected by interferences has been studied with a number of experiments performed at IUC's RF-damped Faraday's cage. The thesis provides a model for this Bluetooth logger. The model extends the existing simulation system NS2-UCBT with a 'logger protocol'. NS2-UCBT was also extended to better support modeling of losses (due to Bluetooth channel impairments) and for the model of these losses to be based on experiments. The resulting simulation program allows developers to construct and evaluate a measurement system utilizing such a Bluetooth logger. Using the simulation model, the data rate measured in samples per second was examined for the logger. The simulations shows that optimizing the logger's configuration will improve that data rate considerable. This report contains: a summary of the problem and earlier research, an explanation of the simulation system and the simulation program, comparisons between simulations and experiments, some conclusions, and proposes future work in this area. / Industriellt Utvecklings Centrum (IUC) i Olofström AB har tagit fram en mätvärdeslogger som kan sampla värden från åtta kanaler, mellanlagra dem och skicka dem till exv. en dator trådlöst med Bluetooth teknologin. I det här examensarbetet har överföringshastigheten, dvs antal mätvärden per sekund studerats för olika inställningar på loggern och då det förekommer störningar i Bluetooth trafiken. Hur Bluetooth påverkas av störningar har undersökts genom en rad experiment i IUC's RF-dämpade skärmlabb. Arbetet har lett fram till en modell för mätvärdesloggern och ett simuleringsprogram som gör det möjligt för utvecklare att konstruera och utvärdera sina mätsystem med mätvärdes logger. Modellen använder det befintliga NS2-UCBT simuleringssystemet utvidgat med ett 'logger protokoll', mer utvecklad förlusthantering än NS2-UCBT i grundutförandet erbjuder och flexibel förlusthantering baserad på experiment. Med simuleringsmodellen undersöktes loggerns datahastighet i sampel per sekund. Simuleringarna visa att genom att förbättra loggerns konfiguration kan avsevärt högre datahastighet nås. Den här rapporten innehåller: en sammanfattning av problemställningen och tidigare forskning, en beskrivning av simulationssystemet och simulationsprogrammet, jämförelser mellan simuleringar och experiment, en del slutsatser, och förslag på framtida arbete i området.

>Magister Scientiae - MSc / Background In the Western-Cape province, orthodontic treatment provided to government patients is limited to tertiary hospitals such as the Tygerberg Oral Health Centre (TOHC). This results in growing waiting lists which place a huge strain on resources of the facility. Objectives To determine: 1. The prevalence of malocclusion among 7-to-10-year-old children examined at dental clinics within the Tygerberg sub-district. 2. The types of malocclusion they present with. 3. Which of these malocclusions can be treated with interceptive orthodontic treatment. Methods An analytical, descriptive, cross-sectional study was carried out and quantitative methods were used to achieve the aim and objectives. The study sample consisted of 100 children, 46 male and 54 female, from Bellville and Bishop Lavis dental clinics. Dental examinations were done by one examiner on children between the ages of 7 and 10 years. Dental problems were identified which, if left untreated, could result in the need for more complex orthodontic treatment at a later stage. All the necessary ethical clearance was obtained. Results The results showed that there is a very large interceptive orthodontic treatment need (79%) at these clinics. A large proportion (70%) presented with detrimental habits. Thumbsucking was more prevalent among girls than boys. Other problems like mouthbreathing, lip wedging, deep bite, asymmetrical mobility of primary teeth, rotated lateral incisors and crossbites were found. The biggest concern was that 71% of the children had early loss of primary teeth and only 5% of children received restorations, resulting in a high prevalence of unfavourable molar relationships. All of these should be addressed early, thereby preventing the development of complex orthodontic problems or skeletal discrepancies. iv Conclusion Interceptive and preventive orthodontic treatment should be regarded as a primary health centre service, as it may reduce the need for costly fixed orthodontic treatment. The study showed that urgent intervention is necessary from the Department of Health to address this issue.

L'utilisation d'AOP pour modéliser les préoccupations transverses ou non modulaire de CBSE assure une meilleure modularité et réutilisabilité des composants. Dans ce cadre, nous proposons une approche générique pour modéliser les aspects dans les modèles à composants. Nous modélisons un aspect par un wrapper sur une vue de système. Une vue décrit une configuration adéquate du système où tous les composants dans l'intérêt d'un aspect sont encapsulés dans le même composite. Pour la définition des vues, nous définissons un langage déclaratif VIL. Nous illustrons comment les vues sont mises en œuvre dans des modèles à composants (ex., Fractal), et nous fournissons un modèle formel pour l'analyse des interférences d'aspects. Les composants et les aspects sont modélisés par des automates et Uppaal est utilisé pour détecter les interférences. Pour la résolution d'interférences, nous fournissons un ensemble d'opérateurs de composition. Notre approche est illustrée par un exemple : l'accès wifi dans un aéroport. / Using AOP to model non-modular concerns in CBSE ensures better modularity and reusability of components. In this thesis, we provide a model independent approach for modeling aspects in component models. In the approach we model aspects as wrappers on views of component systems. A view describes an adequate component system configuration where all the components of interest of an aspect are encapsulated in the same composite.For declarative definition of views, we provide a declarative language VIL. We illustrate how views are implemented in component models(e.g., Fractal). We provide a formal framework for aspect interferences analysis. In the framework component systems and aspects are modeled as automata and Uppaal model checker is used for the detection of aspect interferences. For interferences resolution, we provide a set of composition operators as templates to be instantiated for any two arbitrary aspects. Our approach is illustrated with an airport wireless access example.

L’objectif de ces travaux de thèse visait une meilleure compréhension et représentation de lapropagation de la houle à travers les milieux poreux afin de proposer une nouvelle caractérisation desouvrages de défense du littoral. L’influence du paramètre de surface spécifique des milieux poreux (surfacede contact fluide-solide), à porosité constante, est mise en évidence sur des écoulements permanents etoscillants forcés par la houle à l’aide de séries d’expériences réalisées en canal et bassin d’essai. Les donnéesexpérimentales obtenues sont comparées à des modèles théoriques basés sur la théorie potentielle des ondeset résolus à travers des méthodes intégrales de raccordement des potentiels aux frontières entre domaines.Les processus de réflexion, transmission et dissipation sont étudiés dans le cas bidimensionnel, les processusde réflexion, réfraction-diffraction et dissipation de la houle sont étudiés dans le cas tridimensionnel. Desphénomènes d’interférence des ondes sont mis en évidence en observant le caractère oscillant du coefficient deréflexion en fonction de la fréquence de la houle dans le cas 2D. A ce processus d’interférences dans la directionde propagation de la houle dans le cas 2D s’ajoute, dans le cas 3D, un phénomène d’interférences dans ladirection transversale à la direction de propagation de la houle. Un comportement linéaire ou quadratique dutaux de dissipation de l’onde à l’intérieur du milieu poreux est observé. Le rôle de la surface spécifique dans ladissipation de l’énergie de l’onde à travers le milieu poreux est mis en évidence. Les régimes d’écoulement etles effets d’échelle sont également discutés. / The purpose of this Ph-D work aims to enhance knowledge and better describe wave propagationthrough porous media in order to propose a new characterization of coastal defense structures. The influenceof the specific surface parameter (fluid-solid contact surface) of porous media is then highlighted at givenporosity for steady and oscillatory wave induced flows with experiment series carried out in either wave tankor basin. Experimental data are compared with theoretical models based on wave potential theory numericalsolved by use of integral matching method at the domains’ boundaries.Wave scattering in the presence of porous structure is studied in both 2D and 3D cases. Interference processwithin the porous media are observed in the 2D case, leading to an oscillatory behavior of the reflection versusfrequency. Additional interference processes are observed in the transverse direction in the 3D case, leadingto a wave behavior strongly dependent on wave dynamics at both sides of the porous structure for resonantcases. Either linear or quadratic behavior of the dissipation is observed within the porous media. The role ofthe specific surface in the dissipation process is demonstrated. Both flow regimes and scale effects are alsodiscussed.

L'optimisation de l'utilisation des liens satellites est un enjeu majeur pour augmenter la rentabilité des systèmes satellites. L'augmentation de la réutilisation des fréquences est une des approches les plus prometteuses. La réutilisation des fréquences permet de transmettre plus d'informations sur une même fréquence, pour peu que les interférences entre les deux signaux ne soient pas trop importantes. Il est donc capital de contrôler l'impact de ces interférences, que ce soit via l'utilisation de schémas de réutilisation de fréquences, ou encore via des techniques de coordination dynamique des interférences, où la sélection des utilisateurs qui peuvent transmettre sur les mêmes fréquences est faite en prenant les interférences en compte / Optimizing satellite links is a major challenge to increase satellite systems profitability. Increasing the frequency reuse is one of the most promising approaches. Reusing multiple times the same frequency enables to transmit more information on the same frequency, as long as the two or more signals do not generate too high mutual interferences. It is therefore of capital importance to control these interference impacts, be it through the use of frequency reuse scheme or through the use of advanced dynamic interference coordination techniques, where the user selection is done with the knowledge of interference levels.

Hundreds of thousands of dollars could be lost due to failures during the fabrication of Trunnion-Hub-Girder (THG) assemblies of bascule bridges. Two different procedures are currently utilized for the THG assembly. Crack formations in the hubs of various bridges during assembly led the Florida Department of Transportation (FDOT) to commission a project to investigate why the assemblies failed. Consequently, a research contract was granted to the Mechanical Engineering department at USF in 1998 to conduct theoretical, numerical and experimental studies. It was found that the steady state stresses were well below the yield strength of the material and could not have caused failure. A parametric finite element model was designed in ANSYS to analyze the transient stresses, temperatures and critical crack lengths in the THG assembly during the two assembly procedures. The critical points and the critical stages in the assembly were identified based on the critical crack length. Furthermore, experiments with cryogenic strain gauges and thermocouples were developed to determine the stresses and temperatures at critical points of the THG assembly during the two assembly procedures. One result revealed by the studies was that large tensile hoop stresses develop in the hub at the trunnion-hub interface in AP1 when the trunnion-hub assembly is cooled for insertion into the girder. These stresses occurred at low temperatures, and resulted in low values of critical crack length. A suggestion to solve this was to study the effect of thickness of the hub and to understand its influence on critical stresses and crack lengths. In addition, American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) standards call for a hub radial thickness of 0.4 times the inner diameter while currently a thickness of 0.1 to 0.2 times the inner diameter is used. In this thesis, the geometrical dimensions are changed according to the design of experiments standards to find the sensitivity of these parameters on critical stresses and critical crack lengths during the assembly. Parameters changed are hub radial thickness to trunnion outer diameter ratio, trunnion outer diameter to trunnion bore diameter ratio and variations of the interference. The radial thickness of the hub was found to be the most influential parameter on critical stresses and critical crack lengths.

This paperwork is based on microsociolinguistic research perspective. Speech material was recorded in group of eight young people during nonofficial endurance. The main objective of this paperwork is detail analysis of foreign elements used by Polish youth and presence of their functions in communication process. There were used two research methods: questionnaire and tape-recording of speech during meetings, which topic was religious issue. One part is dedicated to citations (interferences) – elements from foreign languages included into Polish syntax context, which lack any designators of adaptation of grammar and phonetics. In case of classification of citations grammar criteria was accepted as overriding. On this basis all foreign interferences were classified according to parts of speech. The other part of this paperwork presents inputs of longer expressions into speech, which in literature are defined as code switching.

Šiuo tyrimu buvo siekta apibendrinti besimokančios organizacijos skatinimo mokytis prielaidas ir galimybes, analizuoti nuostatas išreikštas teisiniuose dokumentuose apie besimokančių organizacijų poreikius. Taip pat norėta atskleisti besimokančios organizacijos aplinką, kūrimo trukdžius, atskleisti organizacijos narių (darbuotojų ir darbdavių) požiūrį į vieną esminių besimokančios organizacijos kūrimosi prielaidų: mokymosi prieinamumo, mokymosi poreikių tenkinimo organizacijoje aspektu. Kadangi besimokanti organizacija stebi aplinką, supranta naujovių svarbą, nuolat atsinaujina, įdarbina asmenis, nusiteikusius išmokti naujų darbo metodų, įgyti naujų įgūdžių, sudaro galimybę darbuotojams adaptuotis ir keistis, skatina žinių troškimą, smalsumą, kiekvienam padeda rasti ir išnaudoti mokymosi galimybes, kuria mokymosi rėmimo sistemas, organizacijos vadovus traktuoja kaip pavaldinių tobulėjimo skatintojus, pripažįsta ir vertina tuos vadovus, kurie rūpinasi savo pavaldinių tobulėjimu, mokosi iš sėkmių ir nesėkmių, bendram mokymuisi vienija tiekėjus ir vartotojus, šalina mokymosi kliūtis, užtikrina mokymąsi visose organizacijos grandyse, todėl tyrimas, kuriame dalyvavę besimokantieji atsakė į pateiktus klausimus labiausiai išryškėjo tokia tendencija, kad skatinimas tobulintis labai pozityviai ir galimybę kelti kvalifikaciją ir siekti karjeros yra svarbiausia. Matyti poreikis kuo ilgiau išsilaikyti darbo rinkoje. Darbo rinkos reikalavimai yra svarbiausias indikatorius kuriant ar... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / It was reached to sum up the studying organization’s stimulation learning preconditions and possibilities, analyse attitudes expressed in juristical documents about studying organizations needs. Also, it was wanted to reveal studying organization’s environment establishment preconditions, organization’s members (workers and employees) attitude to the one of the main studying organization’s establishment preconditions: learning accessabilitie’s, learning meet the requirements in organization aspect. Whereas the studying organization follows environment, understands the importance of latest inventions, often renews, employs persons, who want to learn new work’s methods, to get new skills. It gives an opportunity for workers to adapt and change, makes learning’s sponsors systems, eliminates studying troubles, guarantees learning in all links of organization. So, the research in which learners took part in asked to the given questions, mostly showed the tendency, that stimulation to improve very positive and opportunity to get upper qualification and seek after career is the most important. The requirements of the job’s market are the basic indicator making or renewing professional learning context of the programmes. In all programmes is prevised English languages and information technologies learning, it is brought a module of business training. Leaders are also lack of knowledge and skills doing jobs. The didactics features of Andragogas activity are shown in activity forms of... [to full text]