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Analyse de la performance d'individus atteints de schizophrénie au Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST)Lavoie, Karyne 06 March 2021 (has links)
La présente recherche porte sur l'analyse de la performance d'individus atteints de schizophrénie au Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST). Cet instrument évalue la flexibilité cognitive et la capacité d'abstraction. La méthodologie proposée repose sur une approche a caractère exploratoire. Une expérience comportant une condition expérimentale et une condition contrôle est rapportée ou chacun des participants effectue la tâche proposée. Mentionnons qu'un sous-groupe de participants parmi le groupe expérimental, sélectionné sur une base volontaire, à exécuté la tâche une seconde fois afin de mesurer l'effet d'apprentissage. Soixante personnes ont participé à l'expérience, à raison de trente par groupe. Les résultats obtenus appuient l'hypothèse qui stipule que certains individus atteints de schizophrénie réussissent significativement moins de catégories et commettent plus d'erreurs "persévératives" que les participants normaux. De plus, certains patients sont capables d'apprendre sous l'effet de certains renforcements. Ces données sont compatibles avec l'hypothèse d'une dysfonction frontale dans la schizophrénie. D'autres mesures additionnelles sont également discutées.
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La relation entre la performance au test de tri de cartes du Wisconsin et l'autonomie fonctionnelle des personnes schizophrènesLehoux, Catherine 11 March 2021 (has links)
Objectif. De récentes études suggèrent que le fonctionnement exécutif, tel qu'évalué au moyen du Test de tri de cartes du Wisconsin (WCST), influence l'adaptation sociale des personnes schizophrènes, mais les résultats demeurent controversés à ce sujet. Cette recherche étudie la corrélation entre la performance à la version modifiée du WCST (Nelson, 1976) et l'autonomie fonctionnelle d'individus schizophrènes, et évalue en quoi la relation est indépendante d'autres facteurs neuropsychologiques. Méthode. 35 individus schizophrènes ont été évalués selon une batterie de tests incluant le WCST. Leur autonomie fonctionnelle a également été investiguée. Résultats. De fortes corrélations sont observées entre la performance au WCST et l'autonomie (r = 0,39 et r = 0,50, selon la dimension de l'autonomie étudiée). La relation serait partiellement indépendante des autres fonctions neuropsychologiques. Conclusion. Le fonctionnement exécutif, tel qu'évalué au moyen du WCST, pourrait constituer une cible thérapeutique spécifique puisqu'il s'avère relié en partie à l'autonomie.
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Usability - BerichtWaegner, Lars, Schupp, Philipp, Lahr, Lisa, Mau, Janina, Richter, Julia, Pilz, Ina, Wolf, Annett 09 January 2012 (has links) (PDF)
Der vorliegende Usability-Bericht entstand im Rahmen eines Multimedia-Tutoriums, das dazu vorgesehen ist, praktisch umzusetzen, was in anderen Seminaren über Multimediapsychologie, Diagnostik der Mensch-Maschine-Interaktion, Softwaregestaltung und –evaluation sowie Screendesign theoretisch vermittelt wurde. Der Wettbewerb zur Evaluation der Webseite des Fachbereichs Mensch-Computer-Interaktion (FB MCI) der Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V. (GI) bot uns durch die Aufgabenstellung eine geeignete Möglichkeit, übergreifendes theoretisches und psychologisch fundiertes Wissen an einem realen Beispiel anzuwenden und somit in die Praxis umzusetzen.
Unser Team, bestehend aus sieben angehenden Usability-Experten, hat die Webseite des MCI ausführlich inspiziert und mit ausgewählten Methoden systematisch evaluiert. Dazu wurden in einem Auswahlprozess zwei geeignete Methoden gewählt. Unser Vorgehen ist in einem Projektplan festgehalten. Die Ergebnisse der Evaluation, deren Erhebung und die verwendeten Methoden sind in diesem Bericht ausführlich protokolliert.
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Disfunções executivas no envelhecimento cognitivo : investigações com os instrumentos Tarefa do Jogo e Teste Wisconsin de Classificação de CartasWagner, Gabriela Peretti January 2006 (has links)
Esta dissertação consiste em dois estudos que têm por objetivo investigar a existência de disfunções executivas no envelhecimento. Estudos recentes sugerem a existência de disfunções executivas no Declínio Cognitivo Leve (DCL). O objetivo do Estudo 1 foi verificar a presença de disfunções executivas em pacientes com DCL. Os instrumentos utilizados foram o Teste Wisconsin de Classificação de Cartas (WCST) e a Iowa Gambling Test (IGT). Foram estudados dez pacientes com e 27 sem DCL. Os dados foram analisados através do teste t de Student para amostras independentes e da análise de variância (ANOVA) para medidas repetidas. Os resultados não evidenciaram diferença significativa entre os grupos nos índices de resposta do WCST e no número de cartas retiradas de cada baralho no IGT. O estudo da evolução do desempenho no IGT revelou diferença qualitativa entre os grupos. Idosos sem DCL aprendem ao longo da tarefa, enquanto idosos com DCL não o fazem, sugerindo uma interferência dos sistemas de memória na tomada de decisão. O Iowa Gambling Test tem sido um instrumento utilizado na avaliação da tomada de decisão. O objetivo do Estudo 2 foi investigar se alterações nos procedimentos de aplicação do instrumento interferem no desempenho durante a execução do teste. Foi realizado um estudo transversal comparando dois grupos de idosos saudáveis em duas variações do instrumento. O grupo I contou com 27 participantes, que executaram a tarefa sem pista de reforço visual. O grupo II foi composto por 17 participantes, submetidos à tarefa com pista. Os dados foram analisados através dos testes t de Student para amostras independentes e ANOVA para medidas repetidas. Houve diferença estatisticamente significativa entre os dois grupos na execução do teste em relação à aversão ao risco (F=2,466; p=0,05; df=2). Os resultados indicam que uma pista de reforço visual possibilita maior alocação de recursos atencionais e de memória de trabalho, permitindo que os idosos tomem decisões menos arriscadas. / This dissertation is formed by two works that aim to investigate executive dysfunction on ageing. Recent studies suggest the existence of executive dysfunctions in Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI). The aim of the first study was to verify the presence of executive dysfunctions in patients with MCI. The instruments used were the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) and the Iowa Gambling Test (IGT). Ten patients with and 27 without MCI were assessed. The data were analyzed through Student t test for independent samples and analysis of variance (ANOVA) for repeated measures. The results did not show significant difference between groups in the answer rates of WCST and in the number of cards withdrawn from each pack of cards in the IGT. The study of the performance evolution in the IGT revealed a qualitative difference between the groups. Elderly without MCI learn along the task, while elderly with MCI did not, suggesting an interference of memory systems in decision making. The Iowa Gambling Test has been an instrument used in the assessment of decision making. The aim of the second study was to investigate if changes in the application procedures of the instrument interfere in the performance through the test execution. A cross sectional study was carried out comparing two groups of healthy elderly in two variations of the instrument. The group I included 27 participants, which executed the task without clue of visual reinforcement. The group II was composed by 17 participants, submitted to the task with clue. The data were analyzed through the Student t test for independent samples and ANOVA for repeated measures. It was found statistically significant difference between the two groups in the execution of the test in relation to risk aversion (F=2,466; p=0,05; df=2). The results indicate that a clue of visual reinforcement permits greater allocation of attention resources and of working memory, allowing elderly to make least risky decisions.
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Disfunções executivas no envelhecimento cognitivo : investigações com os instrumentos Tarefa do Jogo e Teste Wisconsin de Classificação de CartasWagner, Gabriela Peretti January 2006 (has links)
Esta dissertação consiste em dois estudos que têm por objetivo investigar a existência de disfunções executivas no envelhecimento. Estudos recentes sugerem a existência de disfunções executivas no Declínio Cognitivo Leve (DCL). O objetivo do Estudo 1 foi verificar a presença de disfunções executivas em pacientes com DCL. Os instrumentos utilizados foram o Teste Wisconsin de Classificação de Cartas (WCST) e a Iowa Gambling Test (IGT). Foram estudados dez pacientes com e 27 sem DCL. Os dados foram analisados através do teste t de Student para amostras independentes e da análise de variância (ANOVA) para medidas repetidas. Os resultados não evidenciaram diferença significativa entre os grupos nos índices de resposta do WCST e no número de cartas retiradas de cada baralho no IGT. O estudo da evolução do desempenho no IGT revelou diferença qualitativa entre os grupos. Idosos sem DCL aprendem ao longo da tarefa, enquanto idosos com DCL não o fazem, sugerindo uma interferência dos sistemas de memória na tomada de decisão. O Iowa Gambling Test tem sido um instrumento utilizado na avaliação da tomada de decisão. O objetivo do Estudo 2 foi investigar se alterações nos procedimentos de aplicação do instrumento interferem no desempenho durante a execução do teste. Foi realizado um estudo transversal comparando dois grupos de idosos saudáveis em duas variações do instrumento. O grupo I contou com 27 participantes, que executaram a tarefa sem pista de reforço visual. O grupo II foi composto por 17 participantes, submetidos à tarefa com pista. Os dados foram analisados através dos testes t de Student para amostras independentes e ANOVA para medidas repetidas. Houve diferença estatisticamente significativa entre os dois grupos na execução do teste em relação à aversão ao risco (F=2,466; p=0,05; df=2). Os resultados indicam que uma pista de reforço visual possibilita maior alocação de recursos atencionais e de memória de trabalho, permitindo que os idosos tomem decisões menos arriscadas. / This dissertation is formed by two works that aim to investigate executive dysfunction on ageing. Recent studies suggest the existence of executive dysfunctions in Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI). The aim of the first study was to verify the presence of executive dysfunctions in patients with MCI. The instruments used were the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) and the Iowa Gambling Test (IGT). Ten patients with and 27 without MCI were assessed. The data were analyzed through Student t test for independent samples and analysis of variance (ANOVA) for repeated measures. The results did not show significant difference between groups in the answer rates of WCST and in the number of cards withdrawn from each pack of cards in the IGT. The study of the performance evolution in the IGT revealed a qualitative difference between the groups. Elderly without MCI learn along the task, while elderly with MCI did not, suggesting an interference of memory systems in decision making. The Iowa Gambling Test has been an instrument used in the assessment of decision making. The aim of the second study was to investigate if changes in the application procedures of the instrument interfere in the performance through the test execution. A cross sectional study was carried out comparing two groups of healthy elderly in two variations of the instrument. The group I included 27 participants, which executed the task without clue of visual reinforcement. The group II was composed by 17 participants, submitted to the task with clue. The data were analyzed through the Student t test for independent samples and ANOVA for repeated measures. It was found statistically significant difference between the two groups in the execution of the test in relation to risk aversion (F=2,466; p=0,05; df=2). The results indicate that a clue of visual reinforcement permits greater allocation of attention resources and of working memory, allowing elderly to make least risky decisions.
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Disfunções executivas no envelhecimento cognitivo : investigações com os instrumentos Tarefa do Jogo e Teste Wisconsin de Classificação de CartasWagner, Gabriela Peretti January 2006 (has links)
Esta dissertação consiste em dois estudos que têm por objetivo investigar a existência de disfunções executivas no envelhecimento. Estudos recentes sugerem a existência de disfunções executivas no Declínio Cognitivo Leve (DCL). O objetivo do Estudo 1 foi verificar a presença de disfunções executivas em pacientes com DCL. Os instrumentos utilizados foram o Teste Wisconsin de Classificação de Cartas (WCST) e a Iowa Gambling Test (IGT). Foram estudados dez pacientes com e 27 sem DCL. Os dados foram analisados através do teste t de Student para amostras independentes e da análise de variância (ANOVA) para medidas repetidas. Os resultados não evidenciaram diferença significativa entre os grupos nos índices de resposta do WCST e no número de cartas retiradas de cada baralho no IGT. O estudo da evolução do desempenho no IGT revelou diferença qualitativa entre os grupos. Idosos sem DCL aprendem ao longo da tarefa, enquanto idosos com DCL não o fazem, sugerindo uma interferência dos sistemas de memória na tomada de decisão. O Iowa Gambling Test tem sido um instrumento utilizado na avaliação da tomada de decisão. O objetivo do Estudo 2 foi investigar se alterações nos procedimentos de aplicação do instrumento interferem no desempenho durante a execução do teste. Foi realizado um estudo transversal comparando dois grupos de idosos saudáveis em duas variações do instrumento. O grupo I contou com 27 participantes, que executaram a tarefa sem pista de reforço visual. O grupo II foi composto por 17 participantes, submetidos à tarefa com pista. Os dados foram analisados através dos testes t de Student para amostras independentes e ANOVA para medidas repetidas. Houve diferença estatisticamente significativa entre os dois grupos na execução do teste em relação à aversão ao risco (F=2,466; p=0,05; df=2). Os resultados indicam que uma pista de reforço visual possibilita maior alocação de recursos atencionais e de memória de trabalho, permitindo que os idosos tomem decisões menos arriscadas. / This dissertation is formed by two works that aim to investigate executive dysfunction on ageing. Recent studies suggest the existence of executive dysfunctions in Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI). The aim of the first study was to verify the presence of executive dysfunctions in patients with MCI. The instruments used were the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) and the Iowa Gambling Test (IGT). Ten patients with and 27 without MCI were assessed. The data were analyzed through Student t test for independent samples and analysis of variance (ANOVA) for repeated measures. The results did not show significant difference between groups in the answer rates of WCST and in the number of cards withdrawn from each pack of cards in the IGT. The study of the performance evolution in the IGT revealed a qualitative difference between the groups. Elderly without MCI learn along the task, while elderly with MCI did not, suggesting an interference of memory systems in decision making. The Iowa Gambling Test has been an instrument used in the assessment of decision making. The aim of the second study was to investigate if changes in the application procedures of the instrument interfere in the performance through the test execution. A cross sectional study was carried out comparing two groups of healthy elderly in two variations of the instrument. The group I included 27 participants, which executed the task without clue of visual reinforcement. The group II was composed by 17 participants, submitted to the task with clue. The data were analyzed through the Student t test for independent samples and ANOVA for repeated measures. It was found statistically significant difference between the two groups in the execution of the test in relation to risk aversion (F=2,466; p=0,05; df=2). The results indicate that a clue of visual reinforcement permits greater allocation of attention resources and of working memory, allowing elderly to make least risky decisions.
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Redesign av Mini-QTennlin, Tomas January 2010 (has links)
Detta dokument redogör för en användbarhetsundersökningav programmet Webb-MiniQ. Undersökningen innefattar eninledande fas med intervjuer och genomgångar. En fas med 6deltagare som deltog i användbarhetstest, kortsortering ochsvarade på enkätfrågor. Sista fasen utgörs av analys avresultatet samt produktion av designförslag. Analysen avmaterialet indikerade ett stort antal problem (22 unika plusaspekter som framträdde under genomgångarna) medanvändbarheten, designförslagen syftar till att komma tillrättamed majoriteten av dessa.Detta dokument redogör för en användbarhetsundersökningav programmet Webb-MiniQ. Undersökningen innefattar eninledande fas med intervjuer och genomgångar. En fas med 6deltagare som deltog i användbarhetstest, kortsortering ochsvarade på enkätfrågor. Sista fasen utgörs av analys avresultatet samt produktion av designförslag. Analysen avmaterialet indikerade ett stort antal problem (22 unika plusaspekter som framträdde under genomgångarna) medanvändbarheten, designförslagen syftar till att komma tillrättamed majoriteten av dessa.
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Usability - Bericht: Beitrag zur Usability Evaluation Challenge 2010 der Gesellschaft für InformatikWaegner, Lars, Schupp, Philipp, Lahr, Lisa, Mau, Janina, Richter, Julia, Pilz, Ina, Wolf, Annett 28 February 2011 (has links)
Der vorliegende Usability-Bericht entstand im Rahmen eines Multimedia-Tutoriums, das dazu vorgesehen ist, praktisch umzusetzen, was in anderen Seminaren über Multimediapsychologie, Diagnostik der Mensch-Maschine-Interaktion, Softwaregestaltung und –evaluation sowie Screendesign theoretisch vermittelt wurde. Der Wettbewerb zur Evaluation der Webseite des Fachbereichs Mensch-Computer-Interaktion (FB MCI) der Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V. (GI) bot uns durch die Aufgabenstellung eine geeignete Möglichkeit, übergreifendes theoretisches und psychologisch fundiertes Wissen an einem realen Beispiel anzuwenden und somit in die Praxis umzusetzen.
Unser Team, bestehend aus sieben angehenden Usability-Experten, hat die Webseite des MCI ausführlich inspiziert und mit ausgewählten Methoden systematisch evaluiert. Dazu wurden in einem Auswahlprozess zwei geeignete Methoden gewählt. Unser Vorgehen ist in einem Projektplan festgehalten. Die Ergebnisse der Evaluation, deren Erhebung und die verwendeten Methoden sind in diesem Bericht ausführlich protokolliert.:1. Einleitung
2. Erläuterung angewendeter Methoden
2.1. Heuristische Evaluation
2.2. Card Sorting
3. Projektplan
4. Wichtigste Erkenntnisse und Empfehlungen – Zusammenfassung
5. Heuristische Evaluation
5.1. Auswahl und Spezifikation der Heuristiken
5.2. Darstellung des Vorgehens
5.3. Erläuterung zu den Tabellen
5.4. Erläuterung zu Schweregrad und Behebbarkeit
5.5. Ergebnisse heuristische Betrachtung: Übersicht
5.5.1. Heuristische Betrachtung: Gesamte Homepage
5.5.2. Heuristische Betrachtung: Startseite
5.5.3. Heuristische Betrachtung: Hauptnavigation
5.5.4. Heuristische Betrachtung: Fachgruppen
5.5.5. Heuristische Betrachtung: Arbeitskreise
5.6. Visualisierung ausgewählter Verbesserungsvorschläge
6. Card Sorting
6.1. Psychologische Fundierung
6.2. Darstellung des Vorgehens
6.3. Auswertung
6.3.1. Ergebnisse Hauptmenü (Gruppe A)
6.3.2. Ergebnisse Fachgruppen und Arbeitskreise (Gruppe B)
7. Design-Vorschläge
8. Evaluation der Barrierefreiheit nach BITV
9. Schlusswort
10. Literaturverzeichnis
Anhang
A) Heuristiken
B) Auswertung Card Sorting Gruppe A
C) Auswertung Card Sorting Aufgabe A
D) Auswertung Fachgruppen und Arbeitskreise (Gruppe B)
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Redesign of a website for technical information and service tools following a human centered design process to reflect the workflow of different users / Omdesign av en webbplats för teknisk information och tjänsteverktyg enligt en människocentrerad designprocess avsedd att spegla arbetsflödet hos olika användareNorkute, Milda January 2018 (has links)
Web-based services designed using human centered design methods containing instructions how to self-complete various tasks and providing interfaces to do them helped various organizations become more efficient. However, often software engineering teams have a lack of understanding of when and how users should bei nvolved when designing such systems. They are often unsure how to measure the impact of human centered design methods. This thesis presents a human centered design solution to designing a website for technical information and service tools for Windows services at CERN. This involved using a carefully chosen combination of design research methods to study user, stakeholder groups and their workflows as well as organizational requirements. I then used this data to inform the design decisions and outputs such as sitemaps, wireframes and a high fidelity prototype. The study focused on the role of these methods in the design process and how they could help to accomplish the goals of the project. Also, on evaluating the impact of these methods on the design outcome. It was found that interviews, card sorting and usability testing each had a role to play in the process with the new design performing significantly better than the old one. Further to this, usability testing was found to be a useful evaluation and development technique. / Webbaserade tjänster utvecklade efter människocentrerade utvecklingsmetoder innehållande instruktioner för att utföra vissa uppgifter och förse gränssnitt på egenhand har hjälpt ett flertal organisationer att bli effektivare. Dock har ofta mjukvaruutvecklingsteamen brist på förståelse utav när och hur användare skall vara inblandade i utvecklingen av dessa system. De är ofta osäkra på hur påverkan av en människocentrerad utvecklingsprocess skall mätas. Denna avhandling presenteraren människocentrerad utvecklingslösning för utveckling av en hemsida avsedd för teknisk information och tjänsteverktyg till windows services åt CERN. Detta involverade användning utav en noggrant utvald kombination utav forskningsresultat angående utvecklingsmetoder för att studera användare, intressenter och deras arbetsflöde samt organisations relaterade krav. Denna data användes sedan för att ta utvecklings relaterade beslut och framta resultat så som webbplatskartor, wireframes and en realistisk prototyp. Denna studie fokuserar på rollen utav dessa metoder i utvecklingsprocessen och hur de kan bidra till att åstadkomma målen för projektet. Samt, för att evaluera påverkan av dessa metoder på utvecklings processen. Det konstaterades att intervjuer, sortering utav kort och testning utav användbarhet alla hade en roll i varför den nya produkten presterade signifikant bättre än den äldre produkten. Samt test utav användbarhet visar sig vara ett bra verktyg och utvecklingsmetod.
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The Prediction of Motion Sickness Through People's Perception of Postural MotionBraun, Jennifer L. 30 November 2012 (has links)
No description available.
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