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1 Abstract Diploma thesis: Legal regulation of the treatment of animals under human care This diploma thesis deals with legal regulation of the treatment of animals under human care at the national, international and European Union levels. It is systematically divided into four main chapters. The first chapter deals with the definition of relevant animal protection concepts, in particular defines the difference between the concepts of animal, creature and wildlife, it also gives an overview of further categorization of animals such as experimental animals, farm animals, animals breed for hobby, handicapped animals, animals that need special care from human, wandering and deserted animals. In my second chapter, I attempted to outline the relationship between national and international law. Firstly is the diploma thesis devoted to presents five most important agreements adopted within Council of Europeat international level, then mentions the Universal Declaration for protection of animals adopted within the United Nations organizations. In other part of the second chapter I devote to legislation at European Union level describing primary and secondary legislation, as well as conceptual tools. At the level of the Czech Republic, thesis divides the legislation dealing with direct protection of animals against...

This diploma thesis deals with the risks of working in the health sector. Workers in the health sector are divided into two groups. The first group are the health care professionals and other workers are in health care.Risks, which acts on the medical staff, are also divided into two groups. Specific risks form the first group, which includes primarily the risk of physical, chemical and biological. The second group-non-specific risks, which consists mainly of the shift work, psychological or physical stress, the hard working position, visual stress, allergies, etc. In the theoretical part are in detail described all the risks of acting on the medical staff.For the practical part was used quantitative research using public opinion survey. The questionnaire is made up of 35 questions, which prevailed by closed questions, but questions were used as semi-open and open. The research sample consisted of medical staff (doctors, nurses, laboratory technicians, female assistants, medical assistants and orderlies) from selected departments of the hospital Zatec and Most, without taking into account the representation of gender or type of department and city, and this without taking into account the representation of both sexes or the type department and cities. The questions were answered by a total of 100 respondents. In addition 3 hypotheses were established: H1. Statistically significant percentage of health professionals do not know what category of work are included - was confirmed. H2. On selected departments medics always reports injury that is caused by sharp instrument, to their manager - was refuted. H3. Treatment of biological material is selected on both healthcare facilities in accordance with the law no. 258/2000 Coll. , Section 62 (4 ) (c) and with the Decree No 306/2012 Coll. , § 5 - was confirmed.

All children have the right to feel secure and to be protected. The two human rights instruments which specifically purport to protect children are the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child (1989) and the African Charter on the Rights and Welfare of the Child (1990). Since 1995 both South Africa and the Netherlands have been state parties to the former treaty. South Africa is also bound by the latter document, which was intended to provide an additional standard pertaining to children on the African continent, whereas the Netherlands is bound by the European Convention. Therefore both countries are required to incorporate these standards in their national legislation. This poses the question whether South Africa and the Netherlands are in compliance with their international obligations pertaining to the provisions in relation to children in need of care and protection. When the child's own family, even with the necessary support, is not able to adequately care for the child, it may be necessary for the child to be removed from the family environment. In removal cases the state is responsible for ensuring the child's safety and well-being by providing alternative care. However, the latter should, in principle, be of a temporary nature. As the protection of a child in need of care and protection generally cannot be considered in isolation of his or her family,1 all efforts should be made to maintain families together, unless this would be contrary to the child's best interests. Pertaining to the latter, Article 8 of the European Convention plays a significant role in the Netherlands and beyond European borders. The standards as provided in these treaties, together with the input of the Committee on the Rights of the Child and case law as developed by the European Court of Human Rights, form the backdrop against which the substantive and procedural law pertaining to children in need of care and protection in the two countries are tested. The present thesis explores specifically the position of children in need of care and protection in terms of South African law and Dutch law. First an inventarisation takes place 1 The phrase “his and her” is used for the purpose of readability and consistency and not “her and his”. However, it should not in any way be interpreted as a gender preference. v regarding the international and regional standards, on the basis of which it is ascertained which provisions offer a better protection for these vulnerable children and thus should prevail. Subsequently, the relevant provisions in the national legislation of South Africa and the Netherlands will be discussed in the context of comparative analysis. As a result thereof, some recommendations are formulated in which it is attempted to contribute to a possible improvement of the substantive and procedural provisions on a national level pertaining to both countries. The purpose of the latter is ultimately to provide a better protection for children in need of care and protection, as well as the realisation and enhancement of their rights in terms of international law. / Thesis (LLD)--University of Pretoria, 2013. / gm2013 / Private Law / unrestricted

A transformação social envolve gênero, a importância da mulher nas redes de apoio, atenção, cuidado e proteção, as mudanças na educação de meninos e meninas para a erradicação da violência contra a mulher e a viabilização da intervenção e fortalecimento dos laços no interior da rede pela ação do operador de rede. Desvela-se a importância do empoderamento das mulheres por meio da educação e da geração de renda que impactam a rede social particular e que favorecem no desempenho do papel de cuidadoras, educadoras e articuladoras da vida. Contribuições necessárias para que a realidade possa ser transformada numa sociedade mais humana e justa e que esse futuro almejado seja mais imediato para a mulher e rede que demanda atenção social. O enfoque dado é de rede ou mais precisamente da rede de apoio, atenção, cuidado e proteção que é atendida pela mulher e que envolve condições disposicionais características femininas, as quais se apresentam de forma simultânea ou articuladas, culminando na oferta, pela mulher, de serviços imprescindíveis, sem ônus e de demanda com atendimento espontâneo e imediato. A inclusão educacional e produtiva da mulher impacta a sua rede de apoio, atenção, cuidado e proteção. Há um espraiamento da força, da energia e das conquistas dessa mulher para a rede e desdobramentos para a sociedade. As mulheres em geral, especialmente, aquelas em/com risco social têm direito a políticas públicas específicas, benefícios de ação afirmativa, numa concepção de direitos humanos e de dignidade da pessoa humana. Ao final da investigação conclui-se que: 1) Através de um pedido de ajuda ou de uma queixa a mulher tem o direito de ser contemplada com o suporte da rede secundária; 2) A mulher e os demais indivíduos da rede com a ajuda de um operador de rede podem mobilizar as redes no sentido de deflagrar fatores de proteção e de prevenção por meio de outras redes na reconstrução de vínculos da rede primária; 3) O contexto vulnerável ou de risco se intensifica e é de difícil reversão quando se mantém de forma duradoura ou ininterrupta por longo tempo; 4) A postura de assistencialismo desrespeita, humilha e predispõe à apatia, à inércia, à asfixia da iniciativa, da autonomia e do protagonismo dos assistidos, gerando clientelismo indesejado; 5) As redes esfaceladas podem ser reconstruídas por meio do suporte de rede substitutiva: a rede secundária; 6) Pode-se ajudar as mulheres que se encontram em situação de atenção a recompor, de uma forma ou de outra, seus eus destruídos ou fragilizados através das redes secundárias pela intervenção terapêutica e comunitária do trabalho das redes desenvolvido pelo operador de rede, que envolve o acolhimento, o empoderamento e a autonomia. Assume-se com isso uma postura de ganha-ganha social, num sentido mais imediato em favor da mulher, mas ao final o bônus da mudança social ficará com as gerações futuras. / Social transformation involves gender, the importance of the woman in the networks of support, attention, care and protection, the changes in the education of boys and girls to eradicate the violence against women and making viable the intervention and strengthening of the ties inside the network through the action of the network operator. The paper reveals the importance of the empowerment of the women through education and through income generation, which impact the private social network and which strengthen the fulfillment of the role of caregivers, educators and life articulators. These are necessary contributions so that the reality can be transformed into a more human and just society and that this longed for future can be more immediate for the woman and the network which demands social attention. The focus presented is the network or, more precisely, the support, attention, care and protection network, which is tended by the woman and involves dispositional conditions that are characteristically feminine, which present themselves in a simultaneous or articulated way, culminating in the offering, by the woman, of indispensable services, without charges and in demand, with spontaneous and immediate service. The educational and productive inclusion of the woman impacts her support, attention, care and protection network. There is a spreading of the force, energy and conquests of this woman to the network and ramifications to society. Women in general, especially those at or in social risk, have the right to specific public policies, benefits of affirmative action, in a conception of human rights and of dignity of the human person. At the end of the research the conclusion is that: 1) Through a request for help or of a complaint, the woman has the right to be contemplated with support from the secondary network; 2) The woman and other individuals of the network with the help of a network operator can mobilize the networks in the sense of triggering protection and prevention factors through the other networks in the reconstruction of the ties of the primary network; 3) The vulnerable context or one of risk is intensified and difficult to reverse when it is maintained in a longstanding or uninterrupted way for a long time; 4) The posture of welfarism disrespects, humiliates and predisposes to apathy, inertia, asphyxiation of initiative, of autonomy and protagonism of those assisted, generating an undesired clientilism; 5) The dismantled networks can be reconstructed through the support of a substitute network: the secondary network; 6) The women who are in situations demanding attention can be helped to recompose, in one way or another, their destroyed or weakened egos through the secondary networks through the therapeutic and community intervention of the work of the networks developed by the network operator, which involves welcoming, empowerment and autonomy. Thus, a social win-win posture is assumed, in a more immediate sense in favor of the woman, but at the end the bonus of the social change will remain with the future generations.

The presence of poverty, unemployment and children been infected or affected by HIV/Aids contributed to a high level of children in need of care and protection (Patel, 2005:165) and forced communities to came up with a ways of addressing this increasing need of alternative care. Cluster foster care schemes were one of the initiatives that were started spontaneously by community members to address need for more alternative care options (Colby-Newton, 2006:18). This form of alternative care was also included with the proclamation of the Children’s Act, 38 of 2005 and the Children’s Amendment Act, Act 41 of 2007 (Matthias, 2010:172-176). Although cluster foster care schemes are acknowledge and practice as a form of alternative care for children in need of care and protection the operationalising thereof remain a grey area. In an unpublished study by Taback and Associates, it was suggested that further research should be conducted regarding elements that need to be included in the operationalising of cluster foster care schemes (Taback and Associates, 2010:4). The above form the motivation for this study and also provide the basis for the formulation of the research question namely: “What are the operational elements necessary for the operationalising of cluster foster care schemes?” Following from the research problem and research question, the goal for this research was to explore and describe the present functioning of cluster foster care schemes in order to identify operational elements to be documented in a guideline for service providers and social workers. The researcher made use of qualitative research approach to explore and describe the participants’ perception on the research problem. This research endeavour firstly falls in the ambit of the phenomenology research design, which aimed to describe the conscious experience of the everyday life of the participants, which were in this study the managers of cluster foster care schemes as well as foster parents that provide foster care as part of a cluster foster care scheme. In addition to this the researcher also opted to include the exploratory, descriptive and contextual research design, which guided the exploration, description and contextualising of the views of the participants on elements needed to operationalise cluster foster care schemes. In order to achieve the above the researcher the researcher decided to make use of an intervention research model by Rothman and Thomas (1994:3-51), namely the “Intervention Develop and Design” framework (IDD framework). In this study the researcher only used phases one to phase four and certain steps of the IDD framework to develop the operational guidelines for the operationalising of cluster foster care schemes. In concluding the report of the study, the researcher provided summaries of and conclusions related to the background rational; research questions; goals and task objective of the study; the research methodology implemented; the empirical findings and literature consulted; and the developed operational guidelines. He concluded the document with recommendation related to the research process and methodology employed; research findings; and recommendation for further research on the research topic. / Social Work / D. Soc.Sc. (Social Work)

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-29T13:31:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Adriano de Oliveira.pdf: 832466 bytes, checksum: 07d85b0ccad5a01ebc9de568a3cf40cd (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-03-11 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / When studying a Children and Youth s Residencial Care, this research wanted to think critically about the nowadays practices of care and protection of children and adolescents in situation of vulnerability, personal or social risk. More specifically, are the ways to take care of and ways to protect, or, ultimately, ways of governing certain children and adolescents the focus of this work. For constituting the analysis field, we are guided by the genealogical work of Michel Foucault and Robert Castel. After, we take some aspects of history of practices directed at certain children and adolescents in the cern of social policies, in dialogue with Michel Foucault and Jacques Donzelot. Secondly, will be drawn some aspects of the history of types of government run by welfare policies directed to children and adolescents in Brazil, to finally present some ways of government operated from the compositions of social policies (Health and Welfare) with Justice. Finally, we make a brief passage through the history of drug policy in order to consider the context in which it proposes a residencial care service in the field of Mental Health, and from there follow its emergence in the city São Paulo, to finally make some notes on the institutional care as a care strategy. This wonders what cracks these new modalities of care are able to produce those modes of government, even heirs of punitive and stigmatizing practices as gifts in the history of assistance to children and adolescents in Brazil. We conclude that the Childern and Youth s Residencial Care says the urgent need to invent other ways of caring, the urgency to care and not imprison / Ao estudar uma Unidade de Acolhimento Infanto-juvenil, a presente pesquisa quis pensar criticamente a atualidade das práticas de cuidado e proteção direcionadas às crianças e adolescentes ditos em situação de vulnerabilidade social. Mais especificamente, são os modos de cuidar e modos de proteger, ou, em última análise, modos de governar certas crianças e adolescentes o foco deste trabalho. Para a constituição do campo de análise, fomos guiados pelos trabalhos genealógicos de Michel Foucault e Robert Castel. Num segundo momento, retomamos aspectos da história das práticas direcionadas à determinada população infanto-juvenil no bojo das políticas sociais, seguindo agora com Foucault e Jacques Donzelot. Em seguida, foram traçados alguns aspectos da história dos modos de governo executados pelas políticas assistenciais direcionadas à infância e adolescência no Brasil, para então apresentar alguns modos de governo operados a partir das composições das políticas sociais (Saúde e Assistência Social) com a Justiça. Por fim, fizemos uma breve passagem pela história das políticas de drogas no intuito de considerar o contexto em que se propõe uma unidade de acolhimento no campo da Saúde Mental, para daí acompanharmos sua emergência na cidade de São Paulo, e realizar alguns apontamentos sobre o acolhimento institucional como estratégia de cuidado. Perguntou-se que rachaduras essas novas modalidades de atenção são capazes de produzir naqueles modos de governo, ainda herdeiros das práticas punitivas e estigmatizantes tão presentes na história da assistência à infância e adolescência no Brasil. Podemos inferir que a UAI diz da urgência de se inventar outros modos de cuidar, da urgência de acolher e não aprisionar

The presence of poverty, unemployment and children been infected or affected by HIV/Aids contributed to a high level of children in need of care and protection (Patel, 2005:165) and forced communities to came up with a ways of addressing this increasing need of alternative care. Cluster foster care schemes were one of the initiatives that were started spontaneously by community members to address need for more alternative care options (Colby-Newton, 2006:18). This form of alternative care was also included with the proclamation of the Children’s Act, 38 of 2005 and the Children’s Amendment Act, Act 41 of 2007 (Matthias, 2010:172-176). Although cluster foster care schemes are acknowledge and practice as a form of alternative care for children in need of care and protection the operationalising thereof remain a grey area. In an unpublished study by Taback and Associates, it was suggested that further research should be conducted regarding elements that need to be included in the operationalising of cluster foster care schemes (Taback and Associates, 2010:4). The above form the motivation for this study and also provide the basis for the formulation of the research question namely: “What are the operational elements necessary for the operationalising of cluster foster care schemes?” Following from the research problem and research question, the goal for this research was to explore and describe the present functioning of cluster foster care schemes in order to identify operational elements to be documented in a guideline for service providers and social workers. The researcher made use of qualitative research approach to explore and describe the participants’ perception on the research problem. This research endeavour firstly falls in the ambit of the phenomenology research design, which aimed to describe the conscious experience of the everyday life of the participants, which were in this study the managers of cluster foster care schemes as well as foster parents that provide foster care as part of a cluster foster care scheme. In addition to this the researcher also opted to include the exploratory, descriptive and contextual research design, which guided the exploration, description and contextualising of the views of the participants on elements needed to operationalise cluster foster care schemes. In order to achieve the above the researcher the researcher decided to make use of an intervention research model by Rothman and Thomas (1994:3-51), namely the “Intervention Develop and Design” framework (IDD framework). In this study the researcher only used phases one to phase four and certain steps of the IDD framework to develop the operational guidelines for the operationalising of cluster foster care schemes. In concluding the report of the study, the researcher provided summaries of and conclusions related to the background rational; research questions; goals and task objective of the study; the research methodology implemented; the empirical findings and literature consulted; and the developed operational guidelines. He concluded the document with recommendation related to the research process and methodology employed; research findings; and recommendation for further research on the research topic. / Social Work / D. Soc.Sc. (Social Work)

This thesis considers whether the concept of resilience is applicable to people ageing with dementia; and, if so, what the implications are for social work practice. It begins with an exploration of the literature on dementia, resilience and social work. Using a symbolic interactionist approach it then details how the interactions of people with dementia and their social workers can potentially influence the realisation of resilience in practice. I collected data over a two year period. During this period six dyads comprising a person with dementia and social worker provided rich verbal accounts of their respective experiences. Using narrative analysis the stories of each person with dementia were explored to reveal threats to identity and possible resilience strategies. A resilience lens was applied to the verbal accounts of social workers in order to reveal opportunities and challenges to using resilience in practice. The findings indicate that identity continues to be of importance to people who are ageing with dementia. The preservation of identity could therefore be re-framed as the outcome of a resilience process. Each person could potentially acquire resources over their life which could help to mitigate threats to identity. This is referred to as the resilience reserve. This thesis details the potential domains of such a reserve. Further, it contains details of possible resilience strategies that a person with dementia might employ within stories of self. These strategies are placed within the context of protective and vulnerability factors in order that a resilience framework can emerge. This thesis argues for a re-framing of theories of what social work is. This, combined with a definition of resilience, and the development of a resilience practice framework could promote and realise the resilience of the person ageing with dementia.

Il tema centrale del presente lavoro di tesi è l’affidamento etero-familiare di bambini e ragazzi, temporaneamente privi di un adeguato contesto familiare in cui vivere e, per questa ragione, affidati alle cure di un’altra famiglia, per un periodo di tempo determinato. L’affido familiare si considera un istituto giuridico complesso in quanto si fonda su un delicato intreccio di relazioni tra famiglia d’origine, bambino, famiglia affidataria, operatori dei servizi e autorità giudiziaria. La finalità che ha guidato il lavoro di ricerca quantitativa è l’analisi dei progetti di affido etero-familiare, disposti dal Tribunale per i Minorenni di Milano, mettendo a fuoco i passaggi chiave per il loro avvio e realizzazione e gli snodi critici che si incontrano lungo il percorso. La ricostruzione dei processi di affido familiare è stata realizzata a partire dalle indicazioni del “buon affido”, emersi da due importanti lavori di revisione della letteratura internazionale (Wilson et al., 2004; Raineri e Calcaterra, 2017). L’approccio di studio utilizzato è l’analisi documentaria e la fonte di informazioni scelta i fascicoli dei bambini e ragazzi per cui il Tribunale ha emesso tra il 2010 e il 2014 un decreto di collocamento in famiglia affidataria. Per analizzare i progetti di affido etero-familiari, è stata costruita una “scheda di rilevazione” mediante cui si sono “interrogati” i fascicoli, ottenendo dei dati che è stato possibile poi elaborare statisticamente, mediante analisi del contenuto di tipo quantitativo. La tesi si struttura in due parti: la prima pone le fondamenta teoriche del progetto di ricerca, offrendo una panoramica delle fonti giuridiche in materia di minori e famiglia e del sistema di protezione e tutela dei bambini e ragazzi, con particolare attenzione all’istituto dell’affido familiare e alle tappe operative per la sua promozione e realizzazione, mentre la seconda è dedicata all’illustrazione del disegno della ricerca e all’analisi dei dati raccolti mediante il lavoro di “intervista” a più di cinquecento fascicoli. / Foster care is a complex intervention in child protection and for social workers and Juvenile Courts it’s difficult to identify exactly the outcomes of this care experience. Although his thirty-year history, in the Italian context, foster care represents a challenge, not only for social workers, but also for the Court that decide it, for children and their families and for foster families. This thesis is about foster care projects decided by the Juvenile Court of Milan, in Italy. The research is firstly based on an international literature review of researches on foster care with the aim to identify factors for a “good foster care project” and to create a scheme of success indicators. Starting from the indications emerged from the literature review, the aim of the research was to realize a description of foster care projects decided by the Juvenile Court of Milan from 2010 to 2014. The data collected are analyzed considering the factors for a good foster care placement identified through the literature review. Following a quantitative method, the main part of the research focused on Juvenile Court’s case files analysis. The information about foster care project contained in the documents are collected by a questionnaire. The sample consisted of 308 children for whom the Juvenile Court decided foster care placement. The documentary analysis aimed to recognize and to describe the foster care projects, considering key aspects arisen from the literature review, such as the matching and planning the foster placement, the work with birth families, foster families and foster children, the contacts between the child and his family, the relationship between the two families, the support to foster placement, the project’s conclusion and the possible reunification. This study offers an overview on social work practice in foster care placement in Lombardy, a region of Italy, highlighting also the partnership among different welfare services and the Juvenile Court. The results encourage a reflection on aspects considered important in foster care by social workers in the child protection and the other protagonists of this important care experience.