Submitted by Celso Magalhaes (celsomagalhaes@ufrrj.br) on 2017-10-13T12:02:09Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - Andr?ia Cristina Matheus.pdf: 2627280 bytes, checksum: 280f3799edc543851f302aefebda3f44 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-10-13T12:02:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - Andr?ia Cristina Matheus.pdf: 2627280 bytes, checksum: 280f3799edc543851f302aefebda3f44 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-05-04 / The present work was performed with families of the Agrarian Reform Settlement Promised Land (Terra Prometida), located in the cities of Nova Igua?u and Duque de Caxias, in Fluminense Lowland (Baixada Fluminense), in the State of Rio de Janeiro. It aimed to evaluate strategies of management of productive systems, using green manure as a practice that contributes to the dynamics of agroecosystems, with its multiple functions. For this purpose, Demonstrative Units were set in the Integrated System of Agroecological Production (SIPA - ?Fazendinha Agroecol?gica km 47?) and in the Promised Land Settlement. A set of participatory methodological tools, based on the principles of research-action, was used, which oriented the development of the proposed actions and made it possible, in an integrated form, the practical evaluation of the sustainability of the practices, using indicators related to soil quality and crops health. The presented experience is inserted in the context of the strategy of performance of Coopaterra - Cooperative of Agroecological Producers Fertile Land, an aspect that allowed the collective conduction of the process together with the settlers, in a multiplying and participatory perspective. This was done recognizing the socio-economic importance of the areas of agrarian reform settlement and their families, as transforming agents of their own reality. The results are, mainly, in the appropriation of the practices by the settlers and the process of experimentation and exchange of knowledge carried out. However, it is required the continuity of the practices, on the basis of the actual conditions of the settlement and increasing their use for a larger set of settled families / O presente trabalho foi conduzido junto ?s fam?lias do Assentamento de Reforma Agr?ria Terra Prometida, localizado nos munic?pios de Nova Igua?u e Duque de Caxias, na Baixada Fluminense, no Estado do Rio de Janeiro. Objetivou-se avaliar estrat?gias de manejo dos sistemas produtivos, utilizando a aduba??o verde como pr?tica que contribui com a din?mica dos agroecossistemas, atrav?s das suas m?ltiplas fun??es. Para tanto, foram implantadas Unidades Demonstrativas no Sistema Integrado de Produ??o Agroecol?gica (SIPA - ?Fazendinha Agroecol?gica Km 47?) e no Assentamento Terra Prometida. Utilizou-se um conjunto de ferramentas metodol?gicas participativas com base no princ?pio da pesquisa-a??o que orientou o desenvolvimento das a??es propostas e possibilitou, de forma integrada, a avalia??o da sustentabilidade das pr?ticas, utilizando indicadores relacionados ? qualidade de solo e sanidade dos cultivos. A experi?ncia apresentada est? inserida no contexto da estrat?gia de atua??o da Coopaterra ? Cooperativa de Produtores Agroecol?gicos Terra F?rtil, aspecto que permitiu a condu??o do processo de forma coletiva junto aos assentados envolvidos, numa perspectiva multiplicadora e participativa. O trabalho foi realizado reconhecendo a import?ncia socioecon?mica das ?reas de assentamento de reforma agr?ria e das fam?lias, como agentes transformadores da pr?pria realidade. Os resultados est?o, principalmente, na sensibiliza??o dos assentados quanto ?s pr?ticas propostas e no processo de experimenta??o e troca de conhecimento. Contudo, compreende-se a necessidade da continuidade das pr?ticas, com base nas condi??es concretas do assentamento e a amplia??o para um conjunto maior de fam?lias assentadas

Submitted by Celso Magalhaes (celsomagalhaes@ufrrj.br) on 2017-10-13T12:25:06Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - Pedro Antonio Pa??.pdf: 2520523 bytes, checksum: dbda485ebbcb8e6720ce729890cb05ad (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-10-13T12:25:06Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - Pedro Antonio Pa??.pdf: 2520523 bytes, checksum: dbda485ebbcb8e6720ce729890cb05ad (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-03-04 / This study aimed to evaluate the performance of a succession of corn and bean, submitted to organic management associated with green manure from a mixture of species with different spatial arrangements. The experiment was conducted in the Sistema Integrado de Produ??o Agroecol?gica - SIPA, located in Serop?dica - RJ, Brazil. The statistical design was a completely randomized blocks with six treatments and four replicates, totaling twenty four plots. In this sense, the experiment was planned in two parts, the first part was the study of spatial arrangements of planting, consisting in a mixture (Canavalia ensiformis, Crotalaria juncea and Helianthus annuus) of cover crops species (ECS) for green manure contemplating: intercropping with corn (cv. Caatingueiro) in double rows. The treatments consisted : ECS haul sowing; ECS furrow sowing; ECS haul sowing in a intercropping with corn; ECS furrow sowing in a intercropping with corn; corn monoculture; fallow (control). The evaluated parameters were: cover soil provided by ECS; fresh and dry biomass productivity; chemical composition of ECS aerial part; and corn grains productivity. The second part of the experiment took place in the same area, and bean (cv. Constanza) was planted in the same plots of the first part of the experiment. It was evaluated the influence of cover crops species on weed reinfestation and on the productivity of beans. As a general conclusion it was observed that the ECS covered the soil faster than the current spontaneous vegetation on fallow did. The fresh and dry biomass productivity and the cumulative quantity of nutrients in the biomass of the treatments that took in the ECS were higher than in corn monoculture. It was noted that the presence of the ECS influenced positively on weed reinfestation control. The corn grains productivity was lower when intercropping with ECS, however, the yield of beans was not influenced. The sowing way, haul or furrow, showed no differences, one interesting finding because the smallholder have freedom to choice the sowing way, without concern with related losses. / O presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar o desempenho produtivo de uma sucess?o envolvendo milho e feijoeiro, submetidos ao manejo org?nico, associada ? aduba??o verde formada de uma mistura de esp?cies com diferentes arranjos espaciais. O experimento foi conduzido no Sistema Integrado de Produ??o Agroecol?gica ? SIPA (UFRRJ/Embrapa Agrobiologia/PESAGRO-RIO), localizado no munic?pio de Serop?dica, regi?o da Baixada Fluminense, RJ. O delineamento estat?stico adotado foi o de blocos casualizados, com seis tratamentos e quatro repeti??es, totalizando vinte e quatro parcelas. Neste sentido, o experimento foi planejado em duas partes, onde a primeira foi o estudo de arranjos espaciais de plantio composta por uma mistura de esp?cies (Canavalia ensiformis, Crotalaria juncea e Helianthus annuus) de plantas de cobertura do solo (ECS) para aduba??o verde, contemplando cultivos consorciados com o milho (variedade Caatingueiro) em fileiras duplas. Os tratamentos constaram de: ECS semeadas a lan?o; ECS semeadas em sulcos; ECS semeadas a lan?o em cons?rcio com o milho; ECS semeadas em sulcos em cons?rcio com o milho; monocultivo de milho; pousio (controle). Avaliou-se a cobertura do solo proporcionada pelas ECS; produtividade de biomassa fresca e seca; composi??o qu?mica da parte a?rea das esp?cies de cobertura do solo; e a produtividade de gr?os de milho. Na segunda parte do trabalho, na mesma ?rea em sucess?o, cultivou-se o feijoeiro (cv. Constanza) nas parcelas empregadas na primeira parte. Avaliou-se a influ?ncia das esp?cies de cobertura do solo na reinfesta??o de esp?cies espont?neas e a produtividade de gr?os de feij?o. Como conclus?o geral, observou-se que as ECS cobriram com maior velocidade o terreno do que a vegeta??o espont?nea presente no sistema em pousio. As produtividades de biomassa fresca e seca da parte a?rea e a quantidade acumulada de nutrientes na biomassa a?rea dos tratamentos que continham as ECS foram maiores do que no monocultivo do milho. Notou-se que a presen?a das ECS influenciou positivamente no controle da reinfesta??o das esp?cies espont?neas. A produtividade de gr?os de milho foi menor quando consorciado com as ECS, no entanto, a produtividade de gr?os de feij?o n?o foi influenciada. O modo de semeadura, a lan?o ou em sulcos, n?o demonstrou diferen?as nas avalia??es realizadas, sendo um dado interessante pelo fato do agricultor, dessa maneira, ter livre escolha quanto ao modo de semeadura, sem ter a preocupa??o de preju?zos correlacionados

Submitted by Celso Magalhaes (celsomagalhaes@ufrrj.br) on 2017-10-16T12:49:06Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - Jos? Henrique Camargo Pace.pdf: 2091527 bytes, checksum: ecdf1580f5a32680699ae7f0489c44fb (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-10-16T12:49:06Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - Jos? Henrique Camargo Pace.pdf: 2091527 bytes, checksum: ecdf1580f5a32680699ae7f0489c44fb (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-02-24 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of steaming and impregnation of nano silver particle, the drying rate of Eucalyptus pellita. The effect of the treatments was evaluated on wood in three different radial regions (inward heartwood (CIN), Intermediate heartwood (CIT) and external (TCA)). Two steaming time (12 and 24h) and soaking the wood in nanoparticle solution silver with or without application of vacuum were investigated. The effect of these treatments were assessed using the anatomical analysis (area and vessel diameter), chemical (content of extractives) and physical (density and permeability to gas) of the timber. The drying process was carried out in a climatized room with a temperature of 20 ? C ? 2 and relative humidity 65% ? 5. The analysis rate of drying was targets in humidity levels before and after the fiber saturation point (FSP). The results show that the treatments did not affect the density and area and vessel diameter. The vaporization for 24 h caused a decrease in the extractives content and an increase in permeability to gas within and between three radial regions of the wood. This results contributed to that gains in drying rate before and after the FSP were obtained. In general, the impregnating silver nanoparticles in the timber, through the two immersion methods have not yielded significant results in drying rate, except when combined with the prior application of steam (24 hours) and vacuum in the outer radial region / O objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar o efeito da vaporiza??o e da impregna??o de nano part?culas de prata nas vari?veis do processo de secagem da madeira de E. pellita. O efeito dos tratamentos foi avaliado na madeira de tr?s distintas regi?es radiais (Cerne Interno (CIN), Cerne Intermedi?rio (CIT) e Externa (TCA). Dois tempos de vaporiza??o (12 e 24 hs) e imers?o da madeira em solu??o de nanopart?culas de prata com e sem aplica??o pr?via de v?cuo foram estudados. O efeito desses tratamentos foram avaliados atrav?s de an?lises anat?micas (?rea e di?metro de vaso), qu?micas (teor de extrativos totais) e f?sicas (densidade e permeabilidade a g?s) da madeira. O processo de secagem se deu em ambiente climatizado com temperaturas de 20?C ?2 e umidades relativas de 65%?5. A an?lise da taxa de secagem foi realizada em faixas de umidade antes e depois do ponto de satura??o das fibras (PSF). Os resultados mostram que os tratamentos n?o afetaram a densidade e a ?rea e di?metro dos vasos. A vaporiza??o por 24 h promoveu um decr?scimo no teor de extrativos e um aumento na permeabilidade ? g?s dentro e entre as tr?s regi?es radiais da madeira. Esse resultados contribuiu para que ganhos na taxa de secagem antes e depois do PSF fossem obtidos. Em geral a impregna??o de nanopart?culas de prata na madeira, atrav?s dos dois m?todos de imers?o, n?o produziram resultados significativos na taxa de secagem, exceto quando combinada com a aplica??o pr?via de vapor (24 hs) e v?cuo na regi?o radial mais externa

Submitted by Celso Magalhaes (celsomagalhaes@ufrrj.br) on 2017-10-18T10:52:37Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2015 - Bruna Rodrigues Pereira.pdf: 2671756 bytes, checksum: b38e36947fda465d9d78272a81b2e947 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-10-18T10:52:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2015 - Bruna Rodrigues Pereira.pdf: 2671756 bytes, checksum: b38e36947fda465d9d78272a81b2e947 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-09-29 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / This study aimed to evaluate the quality of 'Sweet Celebration' and 'Sweet Globe' grapes, subjected to minimally processing, as well as the effectiveness of three rinsing solutions (water, sodium metabisulfite and chlorine) and pedicel cut intensity (with and without pedicel), in the conservation of these fruits during 12 days refrigerated storage to temperature at 8 ? C . The experiments were performed at Embrapa Agroind?stria de alimentos. For both experiments were applied rinse solutions, with water, sodium metabisulfite (20 mg. L-1) and chlorine (8 mg. L-1), that characterized the treatments, during the rinse step of minimally processing grapes, it being used two pedicel cut intensities:full cut and maintenance of a little fragment about 0,5 cm. Quality analyzes were performed at 0, 3, 6, 9, and 12 days of storage, and it was determined fresh weight loss cumulative , fruit firmness, color analysis, acidity, pH, total soluble solids, SST/ATT rate , sugars (sucrose , fructose and glucose) and enzymatic activity of pectinametilesterase for both cultivars. For Sweet Celebration grapes were also carried out the percentage fruit loss (9th and 12th day of storage) and anthocyanins. In 'Sweet Globe' grapes were realized total carotenoids, chlorophylls (a, b and total) and microbiological analyses. To the cultivate Sweet Celebration was possible identify berries out of commercial standard in the 9? day of storage. In the fresh weight loss cumulative, berries without pedicel had higher loss in the rinse with water from the 6th day of storage. For berries with pedicel the rinse with chlorine had the lowest fresh weight loss cumulative up 9th day of storage. For the firmness , berries without pedicel (4.44 N) had lower firmness compared to berries with pedicel (5.04 N), there wasn't significant difference between the rinsing solutions (p> 0.05). To cultivate Sweet Globe, berries with pedicel and rinsed with water had higher fresh weight loss cumulative from the 9th day of storage. In the berries without pedicel the rinse with water led to lower fresh weight loss cumulative from the 6th day of storage. There was no difference between the isolated factors rinse solutions and pedicel cut intensit to the firmness analysis. All rinse solutions were efficient in the microbiological analysis, so the minimally processed Sweet Globe grapes were in the standard established by law for human consumption / O presente trabalho objetivou avaliar a qualidade de uvas ?Sweet Celebration? e ?Sweet Globe?, submetidas ao processamento m?nimo, assim como a efetividade de tr?s solu??es enxaguantes (?gua, metabissulfito de s?dio e cloro) e da intensidade de corte do pedicelo (com e sem pedicelo), na conserva??o desses frutos, durante 12 dias de armazenamento refrigerado a 8?C. Os experimentos foram realizados na Embrapa agroind?stria de alimentos. Para ambos experimentos, foram aplicadas solu??es de enx?gue, com ?gua, metabissulfito de s?dio (20 mg. L-1) e cloro (8 mg. L-1), que caracterizaram os tratamentos, durante a etapa de enx?gue do processamento m?nimo das uvas, sendo adotadas duas intensidades de corte do pedicelo: retirada total do mesmo e manuten??o de um pequeno fragmento com aproximadamente 0,5 cm. Foram realizadas an?lises de qualidade nos 0, 3, 6, 9, e 12 dias de armazenamento, sendo determinadas a perda acumulada de massa fresca, firmeza dos frutos, an?lise de cor, acidez, pH, s?lidos sol?veis totais, rela??o SST/ATT, a??cares (sacarose, frutose e glicose) e atividade enzim?tica da pectinametilesterase para as duas cultivares. Para as uvas Sweet Celebration, foram tamb?m realizadas a porcentagem de perda de frutos (9? e 12? dia de armazenamento) e antocianinas totais. Para as uvas ?Sweet Globe?, foram realizadas as an?lises de caroten?ides totais, clorofilas (a, b e total) e an?lise microbiol?gica. Para a cultivar Sweet Celebration, foi poss?vel detectar bagas fora de padr?o comercial no 9?dia de armazenamento. Na perda acumulada de massa fresca, bagas sem pedicelo apresentaram maior perda no enx?gue com ?gua a partir do 6? dia de armazenamento. Para bagas com pedicelo o enx?gue com cloro apresentou a menor perda acumulada de massa fresca at? o 9? dia de armazenamento. Para a firmeza das bagas, bagas sem pedicelo (4,44 N) apresentaram menor firmeza, quando comparadas ?s bagas com pedicelo (5,04 N), n?o havendo diferen?a significativa entre as solu??es de enx?gue (p> 0,05). Para a cultivar Sweet Globe, bagas com pedicelo e enxaguadas com ?gua, apresentaram maior perda acumulada de massa fresca , a partir do 9? dia de armazenamento. Para bagas sem pedicelo o enx?gue com ?gua levou a menor perda acumulada de massa fresca a partir do 6? dia de armazenamento. N?o houve diferen?a entre os fatores isolados solu??es de enx?gue e intensidade de corte do pedicelo para a an?lise de firmeza. Todas as solu??es de enx?gue foram eficientes do ponto de vista microbiol?gico, estando as uvas Sweet Globe minimamente processadas dentro do padr?o estabelecido pela legisla??o para consumo humano

Submitted by Sandra Pereira (srpereira@ufrrj.br) on 2018-01-25T12:16:35Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2010 - C?sar Augusto Vandesteen Junior.pdf: 8666751 bytes, checksum: 5dc79e2a6f8c59b75d62504ea2f4fa21 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-01-25T12:16:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2010 - C?sar Augusto Vandesteen Junior.pdf: 8666751 bytes, checksum: 5dc79e2a6f8c59b75d62504ea2f4fa21 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-03-29 / Nowadays, in Brazil becomes necessary the attainment of methods of low cost for the detention of rutting in bovine females and one of the main traditional methods is the use of teaser bulls. These can be obtained with a great variety of surgical techniques, amongst them, the section of apical ligament, that although low cost and absence of post-surgical care, has not been practiced because of unsatisfactory results, probably due to lack of standard procedures. This study aimed to readjust this technique, considering the easy execution and low cost, standardizing it for any bovine cattle, becoming it efficient in any male bovine, from the puberty without dependence of race. 15 Parts of bovine penises in varied races and ages, varying of 12 and 28 months, had been obtained in slaughter houses for anatomic evaluations, with primacy attention in the dorsal apical ligament, getting in such a way a measure, based on statistical correlation calculations, for the attainment of the lesser density?s accurate place of this ligament and therefore the ideal place to incision and removal target ligament?s part. This measure was gotten doubling the distance between the portion proximal of the glands until the rafe of the foreskin in proximal direction from rafe of the foreskin. 16 male bovines, without emasculating had been selected and previously tested about the libido, divided in two groups of eight and submitted to the surgery of section of the apical ligament, through the measure gotten in the study of parts obtained in slaughter house, removal about five centimeters target of ligament. This procedure did not produced great post-surgical care and was gotten 100% of penis deviation, with mount without penetration, having materialize success of the technique?s readjustment. A group of bulls was introduced in the herd in the eighth surgical day after and the other in 15o day after, without difference between the two, demonstrating a reduction in the rest after surgery and becoming viable still more the technique, due to earlier teaser bulls activity. All the animals had not presented changes of behavior or reduction of libido during the 30 months of observation, demonstrated longevity of the teaser bulls gotten with this technique. / No Brasil, cada vez mais se faz necess?rio a obten??o de m?todos de baixo custo para a detec??o de cio em f?meas bovinas e um dos principais e tradicionais m?todos ? a utiliza??o de rufi?es. Estes podem ser obtidos com variadas t?cnicas cir?rgicas, dentre elas a de sec??o do ligamento apical, que apesar de baixo custo e aus?ncia de p?s operat?rio, n?o tem sido praticada devido ? obten??o de resultados n?o satisfat?rios, provavelmente devido ? falta de padroniza??o. Este estudo objetivou resgatar esta t?cnica, devido ? praticidade de execu??o e baixo custo, padronizando-a para qualquer rebanho bovino, tornando-a eficiente em qualquer bovino macho que tenha atingido a puberdade independente de ra?a. Foram estudadas 15 pe?as de matadouro de p?nis bovino de variadas ra?as e idades variando de 12 a 28 meses, com enfoque no ligamento apical dorsal, obtendo desta forma uma medida, baseada em c?lculos estat?sticos de correla??o, para a obten??o do local exato de menor densidade deste ligamento e portanto o local ideal para incis?o e extirpa??o. Esta medida foi obtida atrav?s da transloca??o da dist?ncia entre a por??o mais proximal da glande at? a rafe do prep?cio em sentido proximal a partir da rafe do prep?cio. Foram selecionados 16 bovinos machos, n?o castrados e previamente testados quanto a libido, divididos em dois grupos de oito e submetidos ? cirurgia de sec??o do ligamento apical, atrav?s da medida obtida no estudo de pe?as de matadouro, extirpando cerca de cinco cent?metros de ligamento. Este procedimento n?o gerou grandes cuidados p?s operat?rios e foi obtido 100% de desvio de p?nis com monta sem penetra??o, concretizando o sucesso do reajuste da t?cnica. Um grupo foi introduzido no rebanho no oitavo dia p?s cir?rgico e o outro no 15o dia, n?o havendo diferen?a entre os dois, demonstrando uma redu??o no repouso p?s cir?rgico e viabilizando ainda mais a cirurgia, devido ? precocidade de utiliza??o desse rufi?o. Os animais n?o apresentaram mudan?as de comportamento ou diminui??o de libido durante os 30 meses de observa??o, demonstrando longevidade do rufi?o obtido por esta t?cnica.

Submitted by Sandra Pereira (srpereira@ufrrj.br) on 2018-02-07T14:43:58Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2007 - Carlos Torres Ribeiro.pdf: 5710755 bytes, checksum: 9715a44d07b4fa0d4b48d83f3dac6d34 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-02-07T14:43:58Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2007 - Carlos Torres Ribeiro.pdf: 5710755 bytes, checksum: 9715a44d07b4fa0d4b48d83f3dac6d34 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-08-31 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior, CAPES, Brasil. / Outbreaks of infection by Lawsonia intracelullaris in swine and rabbits in the State of Rio de Janeiro are described. The symptomathology was characterized by bloody and aquous diarrhea, with respectively superacute and acute course. Post-mortem findings were a reticulate aspect of the ileum. In swine its mucosa was moderately thickened and it contained large amounts of partially coagulated blood; in rabbits the wall of the ileum was much thickened and the contents were aquous. Histopathological examination revealed severe hyperplastic proliferation of the epithelial cells of the Lieberk?hn crypts, sometimes associated with inflammatory and necrotic alterations. Silver impregnation and imunohistochemistry demonstrated the presence of large amounts of bacteria in the cytoplasm of the cryptal epithelial cells. In swine L. intracellularis was seen also by ultramicroscopic examination. This is the first report of the disease in the State of Rio de Janeiro. / Descrevem-se surtos de infec??o por Lawsonia intracellularis em su?nos e coelhos, ocorridos no Estado do Rio de Janeiro. A sintomatologia caracterizou-se por diarr?ia sanguinolenta e aquosa, com evolu??o superaguda e aguda, respectivamente. ? necropsia verificaram-se ?leo de aspecto reticulado, com mucosa moderadamente espessada, contendo grande quantidade de sangue parcialmente coagulado, no caso dos su?nos, e ?leo com parede muito espessada e conte?do aquoso nos coelhos. O exame histol?gico revelou marcada prolifera??o hiperpl?sica das c?lulas epiteliais das criptas de Lieberk?hn, por vezes, associada a altera??es inflamat?rias e necr?ticas. Impregna??o pela prata e t?cnica imunoistoqu?mica demonstraram presen?a da bact?ria, em grande quantidade, dentro do citoplasma das c?lulas epiteliais das criptas de su?nos e coelhos. Em su?nos, L. intracellularis tamb?m foi visualizada pela ultramicroscopia. Essa ? a primeira descri??o da enfermidade no Estado do Rio de Janeiro.

Submitted by Sandra Pereira (srpereira@ufrrj.br) on 2018-02-09T11:41:07Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - Ramon de Souza Victorino da Silva.pdf: 1815548 bytes, checksum: d38cb3bc107f782e4c75f4e66118d838 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-02-09T11:41:07Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - Ramon de Souza Victorino da Silva.pdf: 1815548 bytes, checksum: d38cb3bc107f782e4c75f4e66118d838 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-02-18 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior, CAPES, Brasil. / The aim of this project was to develop a statistical classifier based on algorithms using Bayesian theorem for prediction of nitrogen applied to the soil using low cost multispectral images Tifton85 pastures From information obtained from these images the indexes were calculated spectrum, which was used in a feature vector for discriminating N levels applied to the soil. The research was developed in the Rural Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Department of Engineering, Machinery Area and Energy in Agriculture. The data were obtained from an experiment installed in the production area of Company Feno Rio Agro LTDA, partner in the project. Images were acquired in 2 times one after 36 days due to the cutting standardization of culture using a UAV (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle) and at 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, 42, 56 days using an imaging platform an experiment with 6 portions 250m2 (10x25m) containing respectively the treatments (0, 50, 100, 150, 200 and 250 kg ha-? N), statistical analyzes were performed the computer program SAS version student using PROCDISCRIM procedure. It was determined discriminant functions for each dose of nitrogen, using as feature vectors vegetation indices (NDVI, GNIR, SAVI, GNDVI, RNIR). These discriminant functions were tested in a Bayesian classifier, and the highest accuracies were using vegetation indices together getting a Kappa coefficient and overall accuracy of 83% and 80%, respectively. The results indicate that low cost multispectral images can be used to develop classifiers of nitrogen applied to the soil. These binders may be applied in computational algorithms in agricultural machinery control systems for fertilizer application at variable rates in precision agriculture. / O objetivo geral deste projeto foi desenvolver um classificador estat?stico com base em algoritmos utilizando o teorema bayesianos para predi??o de doses de nitrog?nio aplicadas ao solo, atrav?s de imagens multiespectrais de baixo custo em pastagens de Tifton85 A partir de informa??es obtidas nessas imagens foram calculados os ?ndices espectrais, os quais foram utilizados em um vetor de caracter?sticas para discriminar n?veis de N aplicados ao solo. A pesquisa foi desenvolvida na Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Departamento de Engenharia, ?rea de M?quinas e Energia na Agricultura. Os dados foram obtidos de um experimento instalado no campo de produ??o da Empresa Feno Rio Agro LTDA, parceira do projeto. As imagens foram adquiridas em 2 momentos uma ap?s 36 dias decorrentes ao corte de uniformiza??o da cultura utilizando um VANT (Ve?culo A?reo N?o Tripulado) e aos 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, 42, 56 dias utilizando uma plataforma de capta??o de imagens de um experimento com 6 parcelas contendo respectivamente os tratamentos (0, 50, 100, 150, 200 e 250 kg ha -? de N), as an?lises estat?sticas foram realizadas no programa computacional SAS vers?o estudante, utilizando o procedimento PROCDISCRIM. Determinou-se fun??es discriminantes para cada dose de nitrog?nio, utilizando-se como vetores de caracter?sticas os ?ndices de vegeta??o (NDVI, GNIR, SAVI, GNDVI, RNIR). Essas fun??es discriminantes foram testadas em um classificador bayesiano, sendo que a maior acur?cia de classifica??o foi utilizando os ?ndices de vegeta??o em conjunto obtendo um coeficiente Kappa e a exatid?o global de 83% e 80%, respectivamente. Os resultados indicam que imagens multiespectrais de baixo custo podem ser utilizadas para desenvolver classificadores de doses de nitrog?nio aplicadas ao solo. Esses classificadores poder?o ser aplicados em algoritmos computacionais em sistemas de controle de m?quinas agr?colas para aplica??o de fertilizantes a taxas vari?veis em agricultura de precis?o.

Submitted by Sandra Pereira (srpereira@ufrrj.br) on 2018-04-10T15:37:36Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2010 - Gabriela Fernandes Samico.pdf: 726920 bytes, checksum: 6b47b0e0b5e09678a7fcd0004c798bd6 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-04-10T15:37:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2010 - Gabriela Fernandes Samico.pdf: 726920 bytes, checksum: 6b47b0e0b5e09678a7fcd0004c798bd6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-05-13 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior, CAPES, Brasil. / The passionfruit (Passiflora edulis, F. flavicarpa, Deg) it is fruit originary of America Tropical, that deserves prominence for the sensorial characteristics of the juice that produces, traditionally consumed in natural way or industrialized, being important source of minerals and vitamins, as calcium, phosphorous and vitamin C. Brazil is the main producing and consuming country of passionfruit. The excellent acceptance of this juice has been responsible for the increment of culture of passionfruit, the industries extracting machines only use to advantage the pulp, that represents about 30% of the weight of the fruit, the remain, peel and seeds, that according to some authors, 70% of the all up weight correspond, when used in the feeding of animals are not thrown in the garbage, without no treatment, causing serious problems to the ecosystem, with consequences in the health of the bordering population. This work had objective to develop technology for oil obtention of seeds of passionfruit feeding human being and to characterize its physical and chemical properties, and to evaluate proteinic and energy the mineral content, of the defatted deeds, effluent of this process and uses it in the cookie elaboration. The analyses had disclosed that the seed of passionfruit partially dehydrated contained 1.7% of oil, consisting of 14,64% of oleic acid and 69.73% of linoleic acid. Tests of oxidation of this fraction showed that the OSI of this oil was of 11h. The defatted seeds have 8.44% of humidity on average, 0.71% of reducing carbohydrates, 1.82% of not reducing carbohydrates, 4.22% of starch, 31.42% of protein, 1.18% of lipids, 3.64% of soluble fibers, 64.30% of insoluble fibers and 1.38% of leached ashes. The sensorial tests show the preference for the formularization that contained 8% of Flour of seed taken away the fat of passionfruit. The perspective of exploitation of this residue of the manufacter process, will become the agro-industrial one of passionfruit more income-producing, since they also exist alternative viable of exploitation of the rind, with this, is possible to implant in the agroindustry of passionfruit, so dreamed clean technology. / O maracuj? (Passiflora edulis, f. flavicarpa, Deg) ? um fruto origin?rio da Am?rica Tropical, que merece destaque pelas caracter?sticas sensoriais do suco que produz,, tradicionalmente consumido ao natural ou industrializado, sendo importante fonte de minerais e vitaminas, como c?lcio, f?sforo e vitamina C. O Brasil ? o principal pa?s produtor e consumidor de maracuj?-amarelo. A excelente aceita??o desse suco tem sido respons?vel pelo incremento de cultivo de maracuj?, que para sua obten??o, as ind?strias extratoras aproveitam somente a polpa, que representa cerca de 30% do peso do fruto, o restante, casca e sementes, que segundo alguns autores, correspondem a 70% do peso total, quando n?o utilizadas na alimenta??o de animais s?o jogadas no lixo, sem nenhum tratamento, causando s?rios problemas ao ecossistema, com reflexos na sa?de das popula??es lim?trofes aos descartes. Este trabalho teve como objetivo desenvolver tecnologia para obten??o de ?leo de sementes de maracuj? para alimenta??o humana e caracterizar suas propriedades f?sicas e qu?micas, e avaliar o conte?do mineral, prot?ico e energ?tico da torta desengordurada, efluente desse processo e utiliza-lo na elabora??o de biscoito tipo ?cookie?. As an?lises revelaram que a semente de maracuj? parcialmente desidratada continha 26% de ?leo, constitu?do de 14,64% de ?cido ol?ico e 69,73% de ?cido linol?ico. Testes de oxida??o desta fra??o mostraram que o ?ndice de estabilidade oxidativa deste ?leo foi de 11horas. A torta possui em m?dia 8,44 % de umidade, 0,71% de glic?dios redutores, 1,82% de glic?dios n?o redutores, 4,22% de amido, 31,42% de prote?na, 1,18% de lip?deos, 3,64% de fibras sol?veis, 64,30% de fibras insol?veis e 1,38% de cinzas. Os testes sensoriais apresentaram a prefer?ncia pela formula??o que continha 8% de Farinha de semente desengordurada de maracuj?. A perspectiva de aproveitamento desse res?duo do processo fabril, tornar? a agroindustrial do maracuj? mais rent?vel, j? que existem tamb?m alternativas vi?veis de aproveitamento das casca, com isso, ? poss?vel implantar no agroneg?cio do maracuj?, a t?o sonhada tecnologia limpa.

Submitted by Sandra Pereira (srpereira@ufrrj.br) on 2018-05-11T13:46:52Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2010 - Renata Kazuko Sakai.pdf: 1267056 bytes, checksum: 688ad78c0490ec2ff8c2c641467143d0 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-05-11T13:46:53Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2010 - Renata Kazuko Sakai.pdf: 1267056 bytes, checksum: 688ad78c0490ec2ff8c2c641467143d0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-02-22 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior, CAPES, Brasil. / Artificial feeding of ticks can be used to study the relationship between vectors and pathogens, biological aspects, to test acaricides and to minimize the use of animals in scientific studies. The objectives of this study were artificially feeding through capillary tubes, females partially engorged of Rhipicephalus sanguineus previously fed on rabbits and dogs. In addition, the gain in weight of females and the influence of the technique in the biological aspects of non-parasitic phase of this species were also analyzed. Partially engorged females of R. sanguineus were obtained from infestation in rabbits and dogs in different intervals of initial weights and fed artificially for 24 hours to assess the best weight gains for the next stage. Female ticks with the best gains in weight were obtained on rabbits and dogs were separated into five groups of homogeneous weight, between 35 and 80mg and 21 to 50mg, respectively. The females were fixed in polystyrene tray with double-sided tape and fed artificially through capillary tubes for 6, 12, 24, 36 and 42 hours with citrated canine blood. After artificial feeding, ticks were again weighed to analyze the weight gain. Subsequently, they were fixed in Petri dishes and incubated at 27?1?C and humidity above 80%, in order to analyze the biological aspects. Control groups were obtained from natural fall of rabbits and dogs and the ticks were kept under the same conditions of temperature and humidity. For the statistical analysis, ANOVA and Tukey test were used for quantitative variables. In addition, the nonparametric Kruskal-Wallis was applied for qualitative variables, both with 5% of significance level. After 36 hours of artificial feeding there were difference statistically significant between groups, in relation to weight gain, for both females obtained from rabbits and dogs. Although the females of R. sanguineus had not been submitted to complete engorgement, the technique of artificial feeding of females derived from rabbits and dogs, no deleterious effects on the biological aspects of non-parasitic stage were observed. / A alimenta??o artificial de carrapatos pode ser utilizada para estudar a rela??o entre vetores e agentes patog?nicos, aspectos biol?gicos, para testar acaricidas e para minimizar a utiliza??o de animais em estudos cient?ficos. Os objetivos deste estudo foram alimentar artificialmente, por meio de tubos capilares, f?meas parcialmente ingurgitadas do carrapato Rhipicephalus sanguineus previamente alimentadas em coelhos e c?es. Al?m disso, foram analisados tamb?m o ganho de peso das f?meas e a influ?ncia da t?cnica nos aspectos biol?gicos da fase n?o parasit?ria desta esp?cie. F?meas parcialmente ingurgitadas de R. sanguineus foram obtidas de infesta??o em coelhos e c?es, em diferentes faixas de pesos iniciais e alimentadas artificialmente por 24 horas, para avaliar os melhores ganhos de peso para a pr?xima etapa. F?meas de carrapatos com os melhores ganhos de peso obtidas de infesta??o em coelhos e c?es, foram separadas em cinco grupos de peso homog?neo, pesando entre 35 a 80 mg e 21 a 50 mg, respectivamente. As f?meas foram fixadas em bandeja de isopor com fita adesiva dupla face e alimentadas artificialmente por meio de tubos capilares por 6, 12, 24, 36 e 42 horas, com sangue canino citratado. Ap?s alimenta??o artificial, os carrapatos foram pesados para avaliar o ganho de peso. Posteriormente, foram fixados em Placas de Petri e mantidos em estufa a 27?1?C e umidade superior a 80%, para avaliar os aspectos biol?gicos. Os grupos controles foram obtidos de queda natural de coelhos e c?es e mantidos nas mesmas condi??es de temperatura e umidade. Para an?lise estat?stica das vari?veis quantitativas foram utilizada an?lise de vari?ncia e teste de Tukey e para as vari?veis qualitativas foram utilizados o teste n?o param?trico Kruskal-Wallis, ambas com n?vel de signific?ncia de 5%. A partir de 36 horas de alimenta??o artificial foi observada diferen?a estat?stica significativa entre os grupos, em rela??o ao ganho de peso, tanto para f?meas obtidas de coelhos e de c?es. Embora as f?meas de R. sanguineus n?o tenham apresentado ingurgitamento total, a t?cnica de alimenta??o artificial de f?meas oriundas de coelhos e de c?es, n?o apresentou efeitos delet?rios sobre os aspectos biol?gicos da fase n?o parasit?ria.

Submitted by Jorge Silva (jorgelmsilva@ufrrj.br) on 2018-05-18T18:24:16Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2015 - Renato Machado Aquino.pdf: 1434016 bytes, checksum: 3679650b2f036e3b85b93c090450ba7d (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-05-18T18:24:16Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2015 - Renato Machado Aquino.pdf: 1434016 bytes, checksum: 3679650b2f036e3b85b93c090450ba7d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-04-29 / Brazil and Argentina amongst the world?s ten leading countries in honey exports. The two countries share in this commodity exports was about US$ 220 million dollars in 2011. Argentina is one of the world?s greatest producers, having reached 83,121 tons that year. That means that apiculture is a relevant activity to both countries? agrobusiness network. All this amount of production and equivalente input were consequence of the joint effort of producers, research centres and development agencies. Thus, mathematical models which may allow a better understanding of honey production over time, under many factors influence, might be na important planning tool for the many actors involved in this scene. The aim of this work is to develop mathematical models, defined by ordinary differential equations, whose numerical solutions and parameters may allow one to have information about a certain municipality?s honey production. The central hipotesis is that it is possible to assess and predict a municipality?s honey production, by using mathematical models. A secondary hipotesis would be that these models? paremeters could be important indices to this productive activity. The models deveploped here were based in Lucas Growth Model, which takes into account that human capital as an endogenous fundamental growth component. The parameter rescue and the models numerical solving were implemented through a software in Fortran 95 programming language. The software main guideline was to allow solutions to the models so that it was possible to offer anoptimalmuniciplaity?s honey production description, in a certain time period. The solution fitting of the system of differential equaions which define the models was made through a nonlinear least squares method. The solver to this method was BOBYQA, a software presented in Powell (2009). This algorithm was developed in Fortran 77, is derivative free and accepts box constraints. The model validation was made in two steps: in the first it was validated gedanken honey production data. In the second the models were applied to eightenn municipalities which represented honey production in Rio de Janeiro State microregions. Fifteen among the researched had good model fitting. There was no fitting in three cases of anomalous production.This way, the results allow one to conclude that the developed models may be efficient instruments to honey agorbusiness managers, by allowing good production predictions under certain conditions and crop estimate in harvest periods. Moreover, they may start important research about technology and productivity in this economic activity. / Brasil e Argentina est?o entre os dez maiores exportadores mundiais de mel. A atividade de exporta??o desse produto rendeu aos dois pa?ses, em 2011, algo em torno de US$ 224 milh?es. A Argentina ? um dos primeiros produtores mundiais, tendo produzido 83.121 toneladas, em n?meros de 2011. Isso significa que a apicultura ? uma atividade de vulto para o universo do agroneg?cio de ambos os pa?ses. Todo esse volume de produ??o e o montante angariado pelos dois pa?ses s?o frutos do esfor?o conjunto de produtores, centros de pesquisa e ?rg?os de fomento etc. Portanto, modelos matem?ticos que possibilitem melhor compreens?o do comportamento da produ??o de mel ao longo do tempo, sob a influ?ncia de diversos fatores, podem ser importantes instrumentos de planejamento para diversos atores nesse cen?rio. O objetivo deste trabalho ? desenvolver modelos matem?ticos, definidos por sistemas de equa??es diferenciais ordin?rias, cujas solu??es num?ricas e par?metros possam permitir a obten??o informa??es a respeito da produ??o de mel de determinadalocalidade.A hip?tese central ? a de que ? poss?vel prever e avaliar a produ??o de dada localidade, utilizando modelos matem?ticos. Uma hip?tese secund?ria seria a de que os par?metros desses modelos poderiam ser importantes indicadores a respeito da atividade produtiva.Os modelos aqui elaborados tiveram como base o Modelo de Lucas para o crescimento econ?mico de longo prazo, que leva em conta o capital humano como elemento end?geno fundamental de crescimento. A recupera??o dos par?metros e a obten??o das solu??esnum?ricas para os modelos foram implementadas atrav?s de software na linguagem Fortran 95.O princ?pio norteador do software foi o de fornecer solu??es para os modelos que oferecessem uma descri??o ?tima da produ??o de uma certa localidade, durante um certo per?odo de tempo.Para os ajustes da solu??o do sistema de equa??es diferenciais que definem os modelos, foi utilizado um m?todo dos quadrados m?nimos n?o linear. O solver para este m?todo foi o algoritmo apresentado em Powell (2009), denominado BOBYQA. Esse algoritmo foi escrito em Fortran 77, sendo livre de derivadas e aceitando restri??es de caixa. A valida??o do modelo foi feita em duas etapas: na primeira,ajustou-se o modelo adadosgedanken de produ??o de mel. Na segunda etapa os modelos foram aplicados ? produ??o de dezoito munic?pios representativos, em produ??o mel?fera, das microrregi?es em que o Estado do Rio de Janeiro est? dividido. Houve bom ajuste dos modelos em 15 dos munic?pios pesquisados. S? n?o houve ajuste nos tr?s casos em que a produ??o mostrou-se an?mala. Dessa forma, os resultados permitem concluir que os modelos desenvolvidos podem servir de instrumento eficaz para os gestores do agroneg?cio do mel, podendo inclusive fornecer boas previs?es de produ??o sob certas condi??es e estimativas de safra em per?odos de colheita. Al?m do mais, podem abrir front importante de pesquisa a respeito da tecnologia e produtividade empregadas nesta atividade econ?mica.