Submitted by Sandra Pereira (srpereira@ufrrj.br) on 2017-06-07T13:12:40Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2010 - Afranio Silva Madeiro.pdf: 588632 bytes, checksum: 9531c47baf31eff13a3ce40948ee6f3a (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-06-07T13:12:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2010 - Afranio Silva Madeiro.pdf: 588632 bytes, checksum: 9531c47baf31eff13a3ce40948ee6f3a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-02-19 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior, CAPES, Brasil. / This work aimed to describe and evaluate the morphogenetic and structural traits, and quality of two clones of elephant grass grazed under rotacional grazing. We used a completely randomized design with three replicates (paddocks) in a split plot, where clones were the whole plot and grazing cycles in a split plot, for evaluate morphogenetic and structural traits, and nutritive value. For evaluate nutrient intake was conducted a test using 10 heifers "testers" in a completely randomized design with 10 replications (animals). Characteristics and structural traits of tillers were similar between the clones. Leaf appearance rate and leaf elongation of aerial tillers were higher for the clone CNPGL 00-1-3 compared to clone CNPGL 92-198-7. Clones showed reduced elongation rate of stem, thus helping to increase the leaf/stem ratio, which is an indication of high nutritional value of pasture clones of elephant grass short stature. Variables studied basal and aerial tillers decreased with grazing cycle, which may be related to the lower temperatures recorded during May, June and July and the lowest rainfall that occurred during the same period. Chemical composition and in vitro digestibility of dry matter (IVDDM) were not affected (P>0.05) by clones and only DM, OM, MM, CP, ADF and CEL were influenced (P<0.05) by cycles of grazing, there wasn?t interaction clone x cycle (P>0.05). Intake was not affected (P>0.05) by clones, however, high values were obtained of intake DM, which can be attributed to low values of NDF, ADF and LIG, and therefore to IVDMD. However, these results demonstrate high quality of forage clones CNPGL 00-1-3 and CNPGL CNPGL 92-198-7. / Objetivou-se, com este trabalho, descrever e avaliar as caracter?sticas morfog?nicas e estruturais, e a qualidade de dois clones de capim-elefante manejados sob lota??o rotacionada. Foi utilizado um delineamento inteiramente casualizado com tr?s repeti??es (piquetes), em esquema de parcelas subdivididas, onde os clones constitu?ram a parcela inteira e os ciclos de pastejo a parcela subdividida, para avaliar as vari?veis morfog?nicas e estruturais, e o valor nutritivo. Para avalia??o do consumo foi realizado um ensaio utilizando-se 10 novilhas de prova, distribu?dos segundo um delineamento inteiramente casualizado com 10 repeti??es (animais). As caracter?sticas morfog?nicas e estruturais de perfilhos basais foram semelhantes entre os clones avaliados. A taxa de aparecimento foliar e taxa de alongamento foliar de perfilhos a?reos foram maiores para o clone CNPGL 00-1-3 em compara??o ao clone CNPGL 92-198-7. Os clones avaliados demonstraram reduzida taxa de alongamento de colmo, contribuindo assim para aumentar a rela??o l?mina/colmo, o que pode ser uma indica??o do elevado valor nutritivo do pasto de clones de capim-elefante de porte baixo. As vari?veis estudadas de perfilhos basais e a?reos decresceram com ciclo de pastejo, o que pode estar relacionado ?s temperaturas mais baixas registradas nos meses Maio, Junho e Julho, assim como a menor precipita??o que ocorreu nesse mesmo per?odo. A composi??o qu?micobromatol?gica e a digestibilidade in vitro da mat?ria seca (DIVMS) n?o foram influenciadas (P>0,05) pelos clones e apenas a MS, MO, MM, PB, FDA e CEL foram influenciadas (P<0,05) pelos ciclos de pastejo, n?o havendo a intera??o clone x ciclo (P>0,05). O consumo n?o foi influenciado (P>0,05) pelos clones avaliados, por?m, foram obtidos elevados valores de consumo de MS, que podem ser atribu?dos aos baixos valores de FDN, FDA e LIG e consequentemente a alta DIVMS. Contudo, esses resultados demonstram a elevada qualidade, da forragem dos pastos dos clones CNPGL 00-1-3 e CNPGL 92-198-7.

Submitted by Celso Magalhaes (celsomagalhaes@ufrrj.br) on 2017-06-07T17:24:31Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2015 - Thiago Bernardo Pedro.pdf: 895954 bytes, checksum: 51cf79437e4ec796c2634cdc0a4b0498 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-06-07T17:24:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2015 - Thiago Bernardo Pedro.pdf: 895954 bytes, checksum: 51cf79437e4ec796c2634cdc0a4b0498 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-02-23 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico - CNPq / This study evaluates the influence of climatic variables on the occurrence distribution of Amblyomma sculptum adult ticks in four sample areas in Serop?dica and Mangaratiba, two municipalities in Rio de Janeiro Metropolitan mesoregion. The data used is relative to tick sampling between the spring of 2008 and the winter of 2012. The climatic variables included in the study were mean temperature, relative humidity and rainfall, in the day of sampling and in the 15 days prior to each sampling. For the statistical analysis, four types of generalized linear models were used: Poisson, Negative Binomial, Quasi Poisson (?2) and Zero Inflated Poisson (ZIP). A total of 574 ticks were found, most of them in the autumn. The bivariate analysis between each one of the independent variables and the response variable, tick count, showed seven variables that were significant at least in two types of models (being ZIP one of them): temperature in the day before sampling, temperature between the 4th and 6th days prior to sampling, temperature between the 11th and 15th days prior, humidity in the day before sampling, humidity in 5th day before, humidity between the 9th and 12th days prior and rainfall in the 12th day prior to sampling. These variables were combined in the multivariate analysis, therewith, nine models were fitted. Analyzing the prevalence ratio (PR), Akaike Information Criterion (AIC), mean square of residuals (MSR) and correlation between expected Y and observed Y (Corr), the best model was chosen, with the following variables (PR [CI 90%]): temperature between the 11th and 15th days prior to sampling (1,06 [1,01; 1,11]), humidity in the day before (1,04 [1,02; 1,05]) and rainfall in the 12th day prior to sampling (0,97 [0,94; 0,99]). Regarding the fitted models, it was possible to notice that the most satisfactory parameters were presented by ZIP models, in which the MSR values were the lowest and Corr values were the highest. The bivariate analyzes performed as of ZIP models contrasted the fact that temperature acts as a protection factor for the occurrence of A. sculptum adult ticks in the day of sampling and in the two days before, but it acts as a risk factor form the 3rd to the 15thday before. Humidity and rainfall act as protection factors for tick occurrence as from the 3rd and the 5th day prior to sampling, respectively. In the days closer to sampling, these two latter variables did not show a definite conduct of risk or protection with respect to the studied tick occurrence. Within this context, we conclude that understanding the parameters responsible for controlling the life cycle of A. sculptum is essential to generate risk models of disease transmission / O presente estudo avalia a influ?ncia de vari?veis clim?ticas sob a distribui??o de ocorr?ncia de carrapatos Amblyomma sculptum adultos em quatro ?reas amostrais nos munic?pios de Serop?dica e Mangaratiba, na mesorregi?o Metropolitana do Rio de Janeiro. Foram utilizados dados referentes a coletas de carrapatos realizadas entre a primavera de 2008 e o inverno de 2012. As vari?veis clim?ticas consideradas foram temperatura m?dia, umidade relativa do ar e volume de precipita??o, no dia das coletas e nos 15 dias anteriores a cada coleta. Para a an?lise estat?stica, foram utilizados quatro tipos de modelos de regress?o lineares generalizados: Poisson, Binomial Negativa, Extra Poisson (?2) e Poisson Inflacionada de Zeros. Foram coletados, ao todo, 574 carrapatos, sendo a maioria no outono. A an?lise bivariada entre cada uma das vari?veis explicativas e a vari?vel de desfecho, contagem de carrapatos, apresentou sete vari?veis significativas em pelo menos dois modelos (sendo um deles o ZIP): temperatura no dia anterior ? coleta, temperatura entre o 4? e o 6? dia anterior, temperatura entre o 11? e o 15? dia anterior, umidade no dia anterior ? coleta, umidade no 5? dia anterior, umidade entre o 9? e o 12? dia anterior e precipita??o no 12? dia anterior ? coleta. Essas vari?veis foram combinadas na an?lise multivariada, com isso, nove modelos foram ajustados. Atrav?s da an?lise da raz?o de preval?ncia (RP), Akaike Information Criterion (AIC), quadrado m?dio dos res?duos (QMR) e correla??o entre Y esperado e Y observado (Corr), foi escolhido o melhor modelo, com as seguintes vari?veis (RP [IC 90%]): temperatura entre o 11? e o 15? dia antes da coleta (1,06 [1,01; 1,11]), umidade no dia anterior ? coleta (1,04 [1,02; 1,05]) e precipita??o no 12? dia anterior (0,97 [0,94; 0,99]). Considerando-se os modelos ajustados, foi poss?vel observar que os par?metros mais satisfat?rios foram apresentados pelos modelos ZIP, em que os valores de QMR foram os mais baixos, e os valores de Corr, os mais elevados. As an?lises bivariadas realizadas a partir do modelo ZIP destacaram o fato de que a temperatura se apresenta como fator de prote??o para a ocorr?ncia de A. sculptum adultos no dia da coleta e nos dois dias anteriores, mas como fator de risco a partir do 3? dia anterior at? o 15?. J? umidade e precipita??o apresentam-se como fatores de prote??o para a ocorr?ncia de carrapatos a partir do 3? e do 5? dia anterior ? coleta, respectivamente, at? o 15?. Nos dias mais pr?ximos ? coleta, essas duas ?ltimas vari?veis n?o apresentam um comportamento definido de risco ou prote??o em rela??o ? ocorr?ncia dos carrapatos em estudo. Dentro desse contexto, conclui-se que entender os par?metros que controlam o ciclo de vida de A. sculptum ? essencial para a gera??o de modelos de risco de transmiss?o de doen?as

Submitted by Celso Magalhaes (celsomagalhaes@ufrrj.br) on 2017-06-12T11:26:17Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2008 - Norberto Silva Rocha.pdf: 1212597 bytes, checksum: 348564fc2134bb9135658be25a94d180 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-06-12T11:26:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2008 - Norberto Silva Rocha.pdf: 1212597 bytes, checksum: 348564fc2134bb9135658be25a94d180 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-09-04 / Funda??o Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo ? Pesquisa do Estado do RJ - FAPERJ / This research was carried on at Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, at DNAP/IZ, Forage and Pasture Department, Serop?dica, Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil. Four tropical forage legumes cultivation were assessed: (Calopogonium mucunoides (calopo), Pueraria phaseoloides (puero), Macrotyloma axillare (archer) and Neonotonia wightii (perennial soybean)) submitted under artificial increasing shade levels (0, 30, 50 and 70% shade) during rainy and dry seasons. Randomized blocks experimental design with four replications and 4x4 factorial arrangement was performed. The qualitative variable (species) by SNK test at 5% probability as well as the quantitative one (shade) by regression statistic analysis were evaluated. The estimated parameters were: dry matter production (DMP), crude protein level (CP), crude protein production (CPP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), cellulose (CEL), hemicellulose (HEM) and lignin (LIG), leaf/steam ratio (RL/S) and also mineral composition (calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K)). Puero and the archer presented the biggest PMS during rainy and dry season, respectively. Gains on legumes DMP according to increasing shade levels during both evaluation periods were observed. Exclusively during rainy season, highest DMP under 30% shade level was presented by calopo. The puero and the archer presented bigger PMS while submitted to 50% shading treatment, during both evaluation periods. At 70% in rainy season as at 50% in dry one, highest DMP by perennial soybean was demonstrated. The biggest CP contents were observed by puero species and perennial soybean in both evaluation periods. For the CP content, only during dry season an increment has been seen according to the shading levels. The biggest CPP has been observed with the puero on the rainy season and with the archer on the dry one. The smallest and biggest NDF and CEL contents were observed with the species calopo and puero, respectively, during rainy seasons. On this evaluation the HEM and LIG contents did not varied (P>0.05) among legumes. During dryness, perennial soybean presented lowers NDF, CEL and HEM contents, while the biggest contents were observed on puero. For the shading levels purpose, it has been observed an increase on the NDF, CEL and HEM contents with the shading improvement on both evaluation seasons. No effect on LIG were observed on species or shading levels, during both seasons. Calopo and perennial soybean presented bigger RL/S on the rainy season and during the dry one bigger RL/S was shown with the perennial soybean. Regarding shading effects over RL/S values, a reduction related to studied treatments have been observed. For the mineral composition there was no difference on the Ca and P contents for the legumes focused on this study, however a lower K content was got by archer during rainy season. On dry season, the Archer obtained bigger P content and lower Ca and K ones. No difference on P and K contents for puero and perennial soybean legumes. A bigger Ca content was obtained by perennial soybean during that time. The increasing shading levels leads to increments on Ca, P and K contents, during both evaluated periods. Under an intensified shading level the biggest increase was observed on the studied minerals. Nevertheless, the best result for the tropical forage legumes cultivation, submitted to different shading levels, was presented on the 50% shade level, where the biggest DMP concentration, intermediate gains in fiber composition and increment to the forage have occurred under this condition. / O experimento foi conduzido na Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, no Setor de Forragicultura e Pastagem do DNAP/IZ, Serop?dica, RJ. Foi estudado o cultivo de quatro leguminosas forrageiras tropicais (Calopogonium mucunoides (calopog?nio), Pueraria phaseoloides (kudzu tropical), Macrotyloma axillare (macrotiloma) e Neonotonia wightii (soja perene)) submetidas a n?veis de sombreamento artificiais (0, 30, 50 e 70% de sombra), durante os per?odos das ?guas e seca. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos ao acaso com esquema fatorial 4x4, com quatro repeti??es. A vari?vel qualitativa (esp?cie) foi estudada utilizando-se o teste SNK a 5% de probabilidade, e a vari?vel de car?ter quantitativo (sombreamento) foi avaliada por meio de an?lise de regress?o. Os par?metros avaliados foram: produ??o de mat?ria seca (PMS), teor de prote?na bruta (PB), produ??o de prote?na bruta (PPB), a composi??o da fra??o fibrosa (fibra em detergente neutro (FDN), fibra em detergente ?cido (FDA), celulose (CEL), hemicelulose (HEM), lignina (LIG)), a rela??o folha/haste (RF/H) e a composi??o mineral: c?lcio (Ca), f?sforo (P) e pot?ssio (K). O kudzu tropical e o macrotiloma apresentaram as maiores PMS durante os per?odos das ?guas e seca, respectivamente. Foram observados incrementos na PMS das leguminosas estudadas em fun??o dos n?veis de sombreamento, durante os dois per?odos de avalia??o. O calopog?nio apresentou maior PMS sob o n?vel de 30% de sombra, sendo somente avaliado no per?odo das ?guas. O kudzu tropical e o macrotiloma apresentaram maior PMS quando submetidas ao tratamento de 50% de sombreamento, durante os dois per?odos de avalia??o. A soja perene apresentou maior PMS sob o n?vel de 70% na ?poca das ?guas e no tratamento de 50% no per?odo seco. Os maiores teores de PB foram obtidos pelas esp?cies kudzu tropical e soja perene nos dois per?odos de avalia??o. Para o teor de PB, somente durante o per?odo seco foi observado incremento em fun??o dos n?veis de sombreamento. A maior PPB foi observada para o kudzu tropical na ?poca das ?guas e para o macrotiloma na ?poca seca do ano. Os menores e os maiores teores de FDN e CEL foram observados nas esp?cies calopog?nio e kudzu tropical, respectivamente, durante a esta??o das ?guas. Nesta avalia??o os teores de HEM e LIG n?o diferiram (P>0,05) entre as leguminosas. No per?odo seco, a soja perene apresentou os menores teores de FDN, CEL e HEM, sendo observado os maiores teores no kudzu tropical. Para o efeito dos n?veis de sombreamento, foi observado aumento no teor de FDN, CEL e HEM ? medida que o sombreamento foi intensificado, nos dois per?odos de avalia??o. N?o foram observados efeitos da esp?cie e dos n?veis de sombreamento para o teor de LIG, durante as duas esta??es do ano. O calopog?nio e a soja perene apresentaram maior RF/H na ?poca das ?guas e, durante a seca foi observado maior RF/H na soja perene. Quanto ao efeito dos n?veis de sombreamento sobre a RF/H foi observada redu??o nesses valores em fun??o dos tratamentos estudados, durante os dois per?odos de avalia??o. Quanto a composi??o mineral n?o houve diferen?a entre os teores de Ca e P para as leguminosas estudadas, entretanto o menor teor de K foi obtido pelo macrotiloma, durante o per?odo das ?guas. Na ?poca seca, o macrotiloma obteve maior teor de P e menores teores de Ca e K. N?o houve diferen?a entre os teores de P e K para as leguminosas kudzu tropical e soja perene. O maior teor de Ca foi obtido pela soja perene neste per?odo. Os n?veis crescentes de sombreamento acarretaram incremento nos teores de Ca, P e K, durante os dois per?odos avaliados. Sob o n?vel de sombreamento mais intenso foi observado o maior incremento dos minerais estudados. Contudo, a melhor resposta obtida para o cultivo de leguminosas forrageiras tropicais, submetidas a diferentes intensidades de sombreamento, foi apresentada sob o n?vel de 50% de sombra, onde concentraram maior PMS, acr?scimos intermedi?rios na composi??o fibrosa e incremento de minerais ?s forrageiras quando produzidas nessa condi??o.

Submitted by Celso Magalhaes (celsomagalhaes@ufrrj.br) on 2017-06-14T11:32:23Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2012 - Cristina Fernandes do Amarante.pdf: 2131702 bytes, checksum: bbdd9979f22b49522b49e72392bbebd3 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-06-14T11:32:23Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2012 - Cristina Fernandes do Amarante.pdf: 2131702 bytes, checksum: bbdd9979f22b49522b49e72392bbebd3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-03-02 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / In Brazil, epidemiological studies on canine dermatopathies are scarce and the literature point out several gaps in knowledge about. The aim of this study was to describe the profile of canine population with dermatopathies attended by the Section of Dermatology, Rural Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, testing associations with variables inherent to animals, eating habits, hygiene and in relation to concurrent dermatopathies. The records of all animals attended between January 2005 and December 2010 were organized in a database using the software Epi Info? version 3.5.1. The Chi-square ?? test or Fisher?s exact test, the prevalence ratios and their confidence intervals, the ?? test for linear trend and the respective Odds ratios were used to evaluate the associations. The level of significance adopted was 5%. We reviewed the records of 2,280 dogs, with a total of 3,433 diagnostics, and 113 types of dermatopathies were identified. The population studied was composed predominantly of females (55.2%), adults (58.3%) and defined breed animals (67.32%). The categories of dermatopathies more prevalent were: allergic (41.35%), bacterial (23.94%) and endocrines (22.41%). The categories not zoonotic (94.12%) predominated over zoonotic diseases (5.88%). The more prevalent dermatitis were: atopic dermatitis - AD (31.67%), hypothyroidism (20.75%), bacterial folliculitis (8.42%), demodicosis (8.29%), flea infestation (7.67%) otitis by M. pachydermatis (6.14%), bacterial otitis (5.92%) and flea allergic dermatitis ? FAD (5.8%). Sex was significantly associated with AD, hepatoid adenoma, acute moist dermatitis - AMD, hypothyroidism, hyperadrenocorticism and demodicosis. Significant differences were observed in relation to age and AD, folliculitis, hypothyroidism, hyperadrenocorticism, scabiosis, demodicosis, dermatophytosis, systemic lupus erythematosus and neoplasms. The prevalence of AD, FAD, contact dermatitis, hypothyroidism, scabiosis, discoid lupus erythematosus, otohematoma and neoplasms varied with significant differences in relation to animal breed. In addition, there are statistical evidences of association between: AD and hypothyroidism, use of perfumes and cleaning products; FAD and AD, food allergic dermatitis and type of food; AMD and neutering, hair type and AD; hypothyroidism and neutering; demodicosis, hair type and neutering; sporotrichosis and contact with injuried animals. The study population is characterised by high prevalence of dermatopathies of the categories allergic, bacterial, endocrines, fungal and parasitic diseases and low prevalence of dermatozoonoses. The nosology of the population studied is consistent with the type of service offered by the Section of Dermatology, which is most seek for solving complex problems and in several occasions by private practitioners. It should be noted that the studied population was examined by a dermatologist from an University Veterinary Hospital where the technology could overcome the private clinics. Therefore, despite the validity of results, these should not be extrapolated without care for other populations. The variety of the diagnostics performed indicates that the diagnosis and management of dermatopathies must receive higher attention from graduates and specialists / No Brasil, estudos epidemiol?gicos sobre dermatopatias caninas s?o escassos e a literatura aponta v?rias lacunas no conhecimento. O objetivo deste estudo foi descrever o perfil da popula??o canina atendida no Setor de Dermatologia da Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, e das dermatopatias, testando-as quanto ?s associa??es com vari?veis inerentes aos animais, seus h?bitos alimentares, higi?nicos e em rela??o ?s dermatopatias concorrentes. Os dados de todos os prontu?rios de animais atendidos no per?odo de janeiro de 2005 a dezembro de 2010 foram armazenados em um banco de dados elaborado no programa Epi Info? vers?o 3.5.1. O teste ?? ou exato de Fisher, as raz?es de preval?ncias e seus respectivos intervalos de confian?a, o ?? de tend?ncia linear e as respectivas odds ratio foram empregados na avalia??o da associa??o. O n?vel de signific?ncia adotado foi de 5%. Foram revisados os prontu?rios de 2.280 c?es, nos quais foram realizados 3.433 diagn?sticos e identificadas 113 dermatopatias diferentes. A popula??o estudada foi composta predominantemente por f?meas (55,2%), adultos (58,3%) e animais com ra?a definida (67,32%). As categorias de dermatopatias mais prevalecentes foram: as al?rgicas (41,35), as bacterianas (23,94%) e as end?crinas (22,41%). As categorias n?o zoon?ticas (94,12%) prevaleceram sobre as zoon?ticas (5,88%). As dermatites mais prevalecentes foram: dermatite at?pica- DA (31,67%), hipotireoidismo (20,75%), foliculite bacteriana (8,42%), demodicose (8,29%), infesta??o por pulga (7,67%) otite por M. pachydermatis (6,14%), otite bacteriana (5,92%) e dermatite al?rgica por picada de pulga- DAPP (5,8%). O sexo esteve associado significativamente a DA, ao adenoma hepat?ide, a dermatite ?mida aguda- DUA, ao hipotireoidismo, ao hiperadrenocorticismo e ? demodicose. Diferen?as significativas foram observadas em rela??o ? idade e a DA, ? foliculite, ao hipotireoidismo, ao hiperadrenocorticismo, ? escabiose, ? demodicose, ? dermatofitose, ao l?pus eritematoso sist?mico, e as neoplasias. As preval?ncias de DA, DAPP, dermatite por contato, hipotireoidismo, escabiose, l?pus eritematoso disc?ide, otohematoma e neoplasias variaram com diferen?as significativas em rela??o ? ra?a. H? evid?ncias estat?sticas de associa??o entre: DA e hipotireoidismo, uso de perfumes e produtos de limpeza; DAPP e DA, dermatite al?rgica alimentar e tipo de alimento; DUA e castra??o, tipo de pelagem e DA; hipotireoidismo e castra??o; demodicose, tipo de pelagem e castra??o; esporotricose e contactantes com les?o. A popula??o estudada caracteriza-se por apresentar altas preval?ncias de dermatopatias nas categorias al?rgicas, bacterianas, end?crinas, parasit?rias e f?ngicas e baixas preval?ncias de dermatozonoses. O quadro nosol?gico da popula??o ? coerente com o tipo de servi?o oferecido pelo setor de dermatologia, que ? mais procurado para resolver problemas complexos e em muitas ocasi?es por indica??o de cl?nicos gerais. Deve-se ressaltar que popula??o estudada foi examinada por dermatologista em Hospital Veterin?rio de uma Universidade onde a capacidade tecnol?gica pode superar a da maioria das clinicas privadas. Portanto, apesar da validade interna dos resultados obtidos, estes n?o devem ser extrapolados sem os devidos cuidados para outras popula??es. A variedade de diagn?sticos realizados indica que o diagn?stico e o manejo das dermatopatias devem receber maior aten??o por parte dos graduandos e especialistas

Submitted by Celso Magalhaes (celsomagalhaes@ufrrj.br) on 2017-06-14T12:23:50Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - R?sia Br?gida Gon?alves Cabral.pdf: 1695689 bytes, checksum: 62b52258a8c8d2ce8559d5ab46f13ea7 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-06-14T12:23:50Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - R?sia Br?gida Gon?alves Cabral.pdf: 1695689 bytes, checksum: 62b52258a8c8d2ce8559d5ab46f13ea7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-09-09 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / Heron constitutes an important group of birds in the trophic relations of humid continental areas, littoral or coastal. Herons generally breed in monospecific or mixed colonies, commonly located in flooded bushes, mangroves and islands. Breeding success varies according to the species aggregated in the colony, food availability and predators. The objective of this study was to obtain the first informations about the breeding biology of the Ardeidae species that breed in heronries in the Coroa Grande mangrove on the Sepetiba bay, RJ contributing to the understanding of the breeding of these species in southeastern Brazil. Were marked and subsequent monitored 195 active nests of Bubulcus ibis, Egretta thula and E. caerulea since the beginning of the breeding season in November 2014 until the abandonment of the nests in February 2015. The average height of the nests of B. ibis was 2,0 ? 0,5m, E. thula was 1,8 ? 0,5m, and E. caerulea was 2,2 ? 0,6m. The average size of B.ibis posture was 2,97 ? 1,2 eggs per nest, while E. thula was 2,71 ? 0,6, and E. caerulea was 2,28 ? 0,8 eggs per nest. The breeding investment for B.ibis and E. caerulea was more frequent in clutch with two eggs with respectively 41% and 52%, whereas E. thula was composed of three eggs representing 57%. The average length of eggs of B. ibis was 4,4 ? 0,2cm, E. thula was 4,0 ? 0,3cm, and E. caerulea was 4,3 ? 0,2cm. The average width of the eggs, in cm, was 3,2 ? 0,3 for B. ibis; 3,0 ? 0,1 for E. thula, and 2,9 ? 0,1 for E. caerulea. The average volume of the eggs of B. ibis was 23,6 ? 4,9cm?, E. thula 18,7 ? 2,5cm?, and E. caerulea was 18,7 ? 1,0cm?. The probability of nests success (Mayfield method) was 0,917 for B. ibis; 0,873 for E. thula, and 0,330 for E. caerulea. The fledglings of B. ibis hatched with average of 23 ? 2,9g, of E. caerulea with 20g, whereas E. thula with 17 ? 2,5g. Numerically B. ibis presented the largest number of nests, eggs and nestlings in relation to E. thula and E. caerulea, confirming the supremacy in abundance in reference to the others species. The breeding success of E. caerulea was significantly lower than the other two species. The two congener species demonstrated greater similarity in the size of eggs. The E. thula nestlings gained body mass faster, followed by B. ibis, while E. caerulea got the development of slower nestlings. The results contribute and to the information for heron breeding in the State of Rio de Janeiro necessary to enlarge the understanding of the breeding patterns of this family in southeastern Brazil. / Ardeidae constitui um grupo de aves importante nas rela??es tr?ficas das ?reas ?midas continentais, litor?neas ou costeiras. Os arde?deos se reproduzem geralmente em col?nias monoespec?ficas ou mistas, comumente localizadas em arbustos inund?veis, manguezais ou ilhas. O sucesso reprodutivo varia de acordo com as esp?cies agregadas na col?nia, disponibilidade de alimento e a??o de predadores. O objetivo do presente estudo foi levantar as primeiras informa??es sobre a biologia reprodutiva das esp?cies de Ardeidae que se reproduzem numa col?nia no manguezal de Coroa Grande na ba?a de Sepetiba, RJ contribuindo para o conhecimento da reprodu??o destas esp?cies no Sudeste do Brasil. Foram marcados e monitorados 195 ninhos ativos de Bubulcus ibis, Egretta thula e E. caerulea desde o in?cio da esta??o reprodutiva em novembro de 2014 at? o abandono do ninhal em fevereiro de 2015. A altura m?dia dos ninhos de B. ibis foi de 2,0 ? 0,5m, de E. thula foi 1,8 ? 0,5m e E. caerulea de 2,2 ? 0,6m. O tamanho m?dio da postura de B.ibis foi 2,97 ? 1,2 ovos por ninho, enquanto de E. thula foi 2,71 ? 0,6 e E. caerulea 2,28 ? 0,8 ovos por ninho. O investimento reprodutivo de B.ibis e E. caerulea foi mais frequente em ninhada com dois ovos com respectivamente 41% e 52%, enquanto que de E. thula foi composta por tr?s ovos representando 57%. O comprimento m?dio dos ovos de B. ibis foi de 4,4 ? 0,2cm, de E. thula 4,0 ? 0,3cm e de E. caerulea foi de 4,3 ? 0,2cm. A largura m?dia dos ovos, em cm, foi de 3,2 ? 0,3 para B. ibis; de 3,0 ? 0,1 para E. thula e de 2,9 ? 0,1 para E. caerulea. O volume m?dio dos ovos de B. ibis foi de 23,6 ? 4,9cm?, de E. thula de 18,7 ? 2,5cm? e de E. caerulea foi de 18,7 ? 1,0cm?. A probabilidade de sucesso dos ninhos (sucesso de Mayfield) foi de 0,917 para B. ibis; 0,873 para E. thula e 0,330 para E. caerulea. Os ninhegos de B. ibis eclodiram com m?dia de 23 ? 2,9g, de E. caeruelea com 20g, enquanto que os de E. thula com 17 ? 2,5g. Numericamente B. ibis apresentou o maior n?mero de ninhos, ovos e filhotes em rela??o ? E. thula e E. caerulea, confirmando a supremacia na abund?ncia em rela??o as demais esp?cies. O sucesso reprodutivo de E. caerulea foi significativamente menor do que as outras duas esp?cies. As duas esp?cies cong?neres demonstraram maior similaridade na dimens?o dos ovos. Os filhotes de E. thula ganharam massa corporal mais rapidamente, seguidos de B. ibis, enquanto E. caerulea obteve o desenvolvimento dos filhotes mais lento. Os resultados contribuem e fornecem informa??es para a reprodu??o de arde?deos no Estado do Rio de Janeiro, necess?rios para ampliar o conhecimento dos padr?es reprodutivos desta fam?lia no Sudeste do Brasil

Submitted by Celso Magalhaes (celsomagalhaes@ufrrj.br) on 2017-06-20T14:50:48Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2015 - Uir? do Amaral.pdf: 1011379 bytes, checksum: cf85bc1dcca1c891320f8683e0b406b1 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-06-20T14:50:48Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2015 - Uir? do Amaral.pdf: 1011379 bytes, checksum: cf85bc1dcca1c891320f8683e0b406b1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-12-17 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / Biodiversity, one of the fundamental properties of nature, is a source of immense economic potential. Brazil holds a rich biodiversity, and is considered one of the most important mega-diverse countries on the planet. Among the various links that make up this biodiversity Brazilian native flora noteworthy. Despite this, there have been few studies that promote intelligent and rational use of this genetic resource. Domestication and breeding of native plants, including those already known and used by local or regional populations, but without penetration at the national or international market is the great opportunity offered to the countries rich in genetic resources. Medicinal and aromatic plants represent a significant part of this potential market, and the lemongrass-Brazilian species (Lippia alba) is an important example of medicinal and aromatic plant, long used in folk medicine for his duties as soothing, antispasmodic, sedative, and produce various kinds of essential oils can be used by the perfume industry, food and cleaning products, beyond the control of pests and diseases in agriculture. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the genetic variability, genetic parameters and the agronomic behavior of different accesses of L. alba, coming from the metropolitan region of the State of Rio de Janeiro. The experiment was conducted in November 2011 on Medicinal Plants Sector of Agronomy Institute of Rural Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, and crops were obtained in the spring of 2013 and summer of 2014. This study was divided into three chapters: Polymorphism in clones of L. alba coming from the metropolitan area of Rio de Janeiro (Chapter I); Genetic variation for morphological characters in clones of A. alba (Chapter II) and seasonality effect in producing chemotypes of L. alba (Chapter III). In Chapter I the accessions were grouped into dendrogram, five groups being formed and the group I met two similar access (UFRRJLA 17 and UFRRJLA 18). In Chapter II it was shown that the characters analyzed showed variability according to the season (spring or summer) confirming the strong influence of the environment on quantitative variables. The total dry matter and yield were higher in access UFRRJLA05 with citral chemotype, which showed the highest average values in the two seasons in which the data were evaluated. As for the essential oil yield and productivity stood out access UFRRJLA03 with limonene-carvone chemotype, both in spring and in summer. / A biodiversidade, uma das propriedades fundamentais da natureza, ? fonte de imenso potencial de uso econ?mico. O Brasil ? detentor de uma rica biodiversidade, e ? considerado um dos pa?ses megadiversos mais importantes do planeta. Dentre os v?rios elos que comp?e esta biodiversidade a flora nativa brasileira merece destaque. Apesar disto, poucos t?m sido os estudos que promovem a utiliza??o inteligente e racional destes recursos gen?ticos. A domestica??o e o melhoramento de plantas nativas, incluindo aquelas j? conhecidas e utilizadas por popula??es locais ou regionais, por?m sem penetra??o no mercado nacional ou internacional, ? a grande oportunidade que se oferece aos pa?ses ricos em recursos gen?ticos. As plantas medicinais e arom?ticas representam uma parte expressiva deste mercado em potencial, sendo que a esp?cie erva-cidreira-brasileira (Lippia alba) ? um exemplo importante de planta medicinal e arom?tica, h? muito tempo utilizada pela medicina popular por suas fun??es como calmante, antiespasm?dica, sedativo, al?m de produzir v?rios tipos de ?leos essenciais podendo ser utilizada pela ind?stria de perfumes, alimentos e produtos de limpeza, al?m do controle de pragas e doen?as na agricultura. Diante do exposto, o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a variabilidade gen?tica e par?metros gen?ticos de acessos de L. alba e o comportamento agron?mico de diferentes clones oriundos da regi?o Metropolitana do Estado do Rio de Janeiro. O experimento foi instalado em novembro de 2011 no Setor de Plantas Medicinais do Instituto de Agronomia da Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, e as colheitas foram obtidas na primavera de 2013 e no ver?o de 2014. Este estudo foi dividido em tr?s cap?tulos: Polimorfismo em clones de L. alba oriundos da regi?o Metropolitana do Rio de Janeiro (Cap?tulo I) e Par?metros gen?ticos e avalia??o agron?mica em clones de L. alba (Mill) N.E.Brown em duas esta??es no ano (Cap?tulo II). No cap?tulo I os acessos foram agrupados em dendrograma, sendo formados cinco grupos e o grupo I reuniu os dois acessos similares (UFRRJLA 17 e UFRRJLA 18). No cap?tulo II foi demonstrado que os caracteres analisadas apresentaram comportamento vari?vel conforme a esta??o do ano (primavera ou ver?o) confirmando a forte influ?ncia do ambiente sobre as vari?veis quantitativas. A mat?ria seca total e a produtividade foram maiores no clone com quimiotipo citral (UFRRJLA05), com os maiores valores m?dios nas duas esta??es do ano em que os dados foram avaliados. J? para o rendimento e produtividade de ?leo essencial destacou-se o acesso com quimiotipo limoneno-carvona (UFRRJLA03), tanto na primavera quanto no ver?o

Submitted by Celso Magalhaes (celsomagalhaes@ufrrj.br) on 2017-06-21T17:22:59Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - M?rio S?rgio Paiva de Ara?jo.pdf: 1411691 bytes, checksum: 797d6757b675c1af2aaa3ad4164c44a8 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-06-21T17:22:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - M?rio S?rgio Paiva de Ara?jo.pdf: 1411691 bytes, checksum: 797d6757b675c1af2aaa3ad4164c44a8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-02-25 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / The study of crops water demand throughout its development cycle enables the rational use of water, and this scarce study for maize intercropped with bean-to-pig and cabbage grown in maize straw. The objective of this work was to determine the crop evapotranspiration (ETc) and crop coefficients (Kc) of ?caatingueiro? corn under monoculture and intercropping system with bean-to-pig, , and ?fuyutoyo? cabbage planted on the straw, and to check the influence of the consortium in the production of corn and cabbage. The study was conducted in Serop?dica-RJ, using weighing lysimeters, the Kc values were determined by the ratio between ETc and the reference evapotranspiration (ETo). The ETo was estimated by the FAO Penman-Monteith model. The ETc values were calculated using the water balance of the lysimeter-cropp-soil system. The cycle caatingueiro corn intercropped with jack bean and monoculture was March 18 to June 25, the Kc values were calculated for the four stages of crop development. The corn planted in three areas, one with corn intercropping and jack beans with full irrigation (C100), the other with intercropped with deficit irrigation (CD75) and the last with monoculture (Mon). Four samples were taken throughout the cycle to analyze the leaf area, plant height and cob insertion and end of the cycle data of productivity and of water use efficiency (WUE) were measured. The fuyutoyo cabbage was transplanted from the tray to the area 33 days and the cycle after transplant lasted from July 17 to October 26, the Kc values were calculated for the four stages of development. The Kc values for each phase of crop development in the intercropping system were: I (0.78); II (1.06); III (1.10) and IV (1.01), for the monoculture system, the kc values were: I (0.62); II (0.92); III (1.27) and IV (0.89). The corn had a Degree-Days accumulation of 1416.5 ? C throughout cycle, there was not significant difference in leaf area and number of corn cob between the three areas, The C100 area showed smaller values of plant height for all measurements, since the CD75 was lower than Mon only the first measurement. The productivity of C100 (6937.17 kg / ha) did not differ from that found in Mon (6055.34 kg / ha) and was higher than that found in CD75 (4328.91 kg / ha). The C100 showed higher WUE than CD75 and was similar to values found for Mon. The Cabbage has kc values for each phase of crop development: I (1.02); II (1.03); III (1.05) and IV (1.01) and had a degrees-day accumulation of 1439.2 ? C. The productivity cabbage RMon (34.76 T / ha) was higher than the area RC100 (18.99 T / ha), the WUE was lower in RC100. The RCD75 did not differ in the statistical tests. Corn consortium with beans had good result in corn yields in the area C100 and lower productivity in CD75 area, and had no satisfactory result in cabbage productivity in the area RC100 / O estudo da demanda h?drica das culturas ao longo do seu ciclo de desenvolvimento possibilita o uso racional da ?gua, sendo esse estudo escasso tanto para consorcia??o de milho com feij?o-de-porco, quanto para o repolho cultivado em palhada de milho. Objetivou-se determinar a evapotranspira??o da cultura (ETc) e os coeficientes de cultura (Kc) do milho caatingueiro, consorciado com feij?o-de-porco e em sistema de monocultivo, e do repolho fuyutoyo plantado sobre a palhada remanescente, assim como verificar a influ?ncia do cons?rcio na produ??o do milho e do repolho. O estudo foi realizado em Serop?dica-RJ, utilizando lis?metros de pesagem. Os valores de Kc foram determinados por meio da raz?o entre ETc e ETo (evapotranspira??o de refer?ncia). A ETo foi estimada pela metodologia proposta por Penman-Monteith FAO, enquanto a ETc foi obtida pelo balan?o h?drico do sistema lis?metro-cultura-solo. O ciclo do milho caatingueiro consorciado com feij?o-de-porco e monocultivo foi de 18 de mar?o a 25 de junho de 2015, e teve Kc estimado para as quatro fases de desenvolvimento da cultura, o milho foi plantado em tr?s ?reas, uma com consorcia??o de milho e feij?o-de-porco aplicando-se irriga??o plena (C100), outra com consorcia??o e irriga??o em d?ficit (CD75) e a ?ltima com monocultivo e irriga??o plena (Mon). Foram realizadas quatro coletas ao longo do ciclo para analisar a ?rea foliar, altura da planta e a inser??o da espiga e no final do ciclo dados de produtividade e efici?ncia do uso da ?gua (EUA) foram medidos. As mudas do repolho fuyutoyo foram transplantadas para a ?rea com 33 dias ap?s a semeadura e o ciclo ap?s transplante durou de 17 de julho a 26 de outubro de 2015, o qual teve o Kc para as quatro fases de desenvolvimento. O repolho foi transplantado na palhada do milho em tr?s ?reas, ficando dividido em repolho onde tinha cons?rcio sem deficit (RC100) e com d?ficit (RCD75) e repolho onde tinha monocultivo (RMon) sendo avaliado dados de produtividade no final do ciclo. Os valores de Kc para cada fase de desenvolvimento do milho em cons?rcio com a feij?o-de-porco foram: I (0,78); II (1,06); III (1,10) e IV (1,01), para o monocultivo, os valores foram: I (0,62); II (0,92); III (1,27) e IV (0,89). O milho teve um acumulo de graus-dias de 1416,5 ?C durante todo ciclo, n?o sendo encontrada diferen?a significativa na ?rea folia e no n?mero de espiga do milho entre as tr?s ?reas. A ?rea C100 apresentou menores valores de altura de planta em todas as medi??es, CD75 foi inferior ao Mon apenas na primeira medi??o. A produtividade do C100(6937,17 kg/ha) n?o diferiu da encontrada no Mon (6055,34 kg/ha) e foi superior a encontrada no CD75(4328,91 kg/ha). O C100 apresentou maior EUA que o CD75 e foi semelhante aos valores encontrados para o Mon. O repolho teve valores de Kc para cada fase de desenvolvimento de: I (1,02); II (1,03); III (1,05) e IV (1,01), com acumulo graus-dia de 1439,2 ?C. A produtividade do repolho RMon (34,76 T/ha) foi superior ? da ?rea RC100 (18,99 T/ha), tendo o mesmo comportamento na EUA. O RCD7 n?o diferiu nos testes estat?stico com rela??o aos demais tratamentos. Pode-se concluir cons?rcio de milho com feij?o-de-porco teve boa resposta na produtividade do milho na ?rea C100 e uma menor produtividade na ?rea CD75, e n?o teve resposta satisfat?ria na produtividade do repolho na ?rea RC100

Submitted by Sandra Pereira (srpereira@ufrrj.br) on 2017-06-27T14:38:40Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2010 - Adierson Gilvani Ebeling.pdf: 3744657 bytes, checksum: 0458139e287a489573818b522e4c02de (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-06-27T14:38:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2010 - Adierson Gilvani Ebeling.pdf: 3744657 bytes, checksum: 0458139e287a489573818b522e4c02de (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-08-27 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico, CNPq, Brasil. / The Histosols have a small geographic extension in the Brazilian territory; however, they are intensively used in family agriculture systems and have a great environmental importance. The drainage of Histosols leads to the subsidence process and other changes in the soil organic matter (SOM), with consequences in their characteristics and potential. The nature of humic substances (HSs) is determinant in the alterations of the Histosols. The characterization of the HSs allows the understanding of processes of SOM transformation in the Histosols, and their environmental impact. The objectives of this study were: to characterize Histosols from different environments and land usage intensity; and to evaluate alterations in humic fractions of SOM, by using elemental composition analyses, spectroscopic, thermal degradation, and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) techniques. The study was developed in eight Histosols, from the States of Rio de Janeiro, Maranh?o and Paran?, in Brazil. Their chemical properties: total organic carbon (TOC), pH, sum of bases (SB), H+, Al3+, cation exchange capacity (CEC), and V%; and physical properties: bulk density (BD), MR, MM, and OMD, were evaluated. Also, the quantitative fractionating of the HSs: fulvic acid (C-FAF), humic acid (CHAF), and humin (C-HUM), and C-FAH/C-FAF relations, C-EA/C-HUM (C-EA = C-FAF + C-FAH). The humic acids were extracted using the method of the International Humic Substances Society (IHSS), and evaluated by different techniques. The chemical attributes varied with the intensity of burning and agricultural usage. Though, in general, the Histosols presented low natural fertility, and it was related to the humic acid fraction (high ratio CFAH/ C-FAF). Amongst the SOM fractions the HUM predominated, with an average value of 59.98% of total carbon determined by the CHN; followed by the FAH. The C-FAH/C-FAF ratio diminished with the increase of agriculture usage intensity. The results of the TGI (Thermal Gravimetric Index) suggested strong resistance to thermal degradation of majority of the organic horizons. The elemental composition (%C, %H, %N, %O) of the humic acids showed large amplitude of variation between the horizons, but no pattern was observed between the Histosols. The increase of carbon content, the high values of TGI, and the reduction of oxygen content in the humic acids (HA) might explain the high thermal decomposition resistance found in the HA extracted form the Histosols. A correlation between H/C and TGI was observed, where the lower values of H/C were related to the highest resistance of the humic acids to thermal degradation. The spectroscopic and NMR techniques allowed characterizing compounds and groups of substances in the HA, showing the great potential of these tools in studies of HS from Histosols. The multivariate methods allowed a combined analysis of techniques applied in the study, showing a group of labile and recalcitrance materials in the soils. The results, in general, indicated the fragility of the Histosols areas, in terms of agricultural management and the formation environment. Their importance for the environment should be priority in comparison to agricultural usage, mainly due to their relevant part in the aquifers preservation. / Os Organossolos t?m pequena representatividade geogr?fica no Brasil, entretanto, s?o utilizados intensamente em modelos de agricultura familiar e t?m grande import?ncia ambiental. Por?m, a sua drenagem conduz ao processo de subsid?ncia e outras modifica??es na mat?ria org?nica do solo (MOS), com implica??es nas caracter?sticas dos Organossolos e em sua potencialidade. A natureza das subst?ncias h?micas (SHs) ? determinante nessas altera??es nos Organossolos. A caracteriza??o das SHs permite a compreens?o dos processos de transforma??o da MOS nos Organossolos e seu impacto no ambiente. Os objetivos deste trabalho foram: caracterizar Organossolos em v?rios ambientes e intensidade de uso agr?cola e avaliar altera??es nas fra??es humificadas da MO, atrav?s de t?cnicas de an?lise da composi??o elementar, espectrosc?picas, termodegradativas e de resson?ncia magn?tica nuclear (RMN). Foram estudados oito perfis de solos, nos Estados do Rio de Janeiro, Maranh?o e Paran?. Foram avaliadas as suas propriedades qu?micas: carbono org?nico total (COT), pH, soma de bases (SB), H+, Al3+, CTC e V%; e propriedades f?sicas: densidade do solo (Ds), RM, MM e DMO. Al?m do fracionamento quantitativo das SHs: ?cidos f?lvicos (C-FAF), ?cidos h?micos (C-FAH) e humina (C-HUM), e rela??es C-FAH/C-FAF, C-EA/CHUM (C-EA = C-FAF + C-FAH). Os ?cidos h?micos (AH) foram extra?dos pelo m?todo da Sociedade Internacional de Subst?ncias H?micas (IHSS) e avaliados por distintas t?cnicas. Os atributos qu?micos variaram com o efeito das queimadas e da intensidade de uso agr?cola; por?m, em geral, os Organossolos apresentaram baixa fertilidade natural, a qual, em geral, esteve relacionada ? fra??o ?cido h?mico (maior raz?o C-FAH/C-FAF). Dentre as fra??es da MO, a HUM predominou, com valor m?dio de 59,98% do carbono total determinado pelo CHN, seguida da FAH. A rela??o C-FAH/C-FAF diminuiu a medida que o uso agr?cola ? intensificado. Os dados do ITG (?ndice Termogravim?trico) sugeriram forte resist?ncia ? termodegrada??o para a maioria dos horizontes org?nicos. A composi??o elementar (%C, %H, %N, %O) dos ?cidos h?micos apresentou grande amplitude entre os horizontes, por?m sem padr?o diferenciado entre os Organossolos. O aumento do conte?do de carbono, os altos valores de ITG e a diminui??o do conte?do de oxig?nio nos ?cidos h?micos podem explicar a maior resist?ncia a termodecomposi??o dos AH extra?dos dos Organossolos. Foi observada correla??o entre a raz?o H/C e o ITG, onde os menores valores de H/C estiveram relacionados a maior resist?ncia dos AH ? termodegrada??o. As t?cnicas espectrosc?picas e de RMN permitiram caracterizar compostos e grupamentos nos AH, demonstrando o potencial dessas ferramentas nos estudos de SHs provenientes de Organossolos. Os m?todos de an?lise multivariada permitiram uma avalia??o conjunta das t?cnicas utilizadas, mostrando um grupo de amostras l?beis e recalcitrantes nos solos. Os resultados encontrados, em geral, indicam a fragilidade das ?reas de Organossolos, em fun??o do manejo para agricultura e do seu ambiente de forma??o. A sua import?ncia em termos ambientais deveria ser priorizada em rela??o ao uso agr?cola, principalmente pelo papel relevante na preserva??o de aqu?feros.

Submitted by Sandra Pereira (srpereira@ufrrj.br) on 2017-07-07T13:07:27Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2010 - Fernanda Delgado Almeida.pdf: 626850 bytes, checksum: 3a7edfb868e6c7a04004c0ce79c36a91 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-07T13:07:27Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2010 - Fernanda Delgado Almeida.pdf: 626850 bytes, checksum: 3a7edfb868e6c7a04004c0ce79c36a91 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-02-11 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / Seeds with high molybdenum (Mo) concentration can provide amounts of the nutrient highly enough to guarantee an adequate plant growth. An essay and two experiments were carried out in pots to evaluate the effect of Mo concentration in seeds of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) on the assimilation of N from the soil and the biological N2 fixation (BNF), through measuring the activities of the nitrogenase and nitrate reductase enzymes and the contribution of the BNF by the 15N isotope dilution, at different plant growth stages. The substrate was A horizon of Argisol (Hapludult) in 10 kg pots. Seeds of the cultivar Carioca enriched or not with Mo were tested. The essay had a 2x3 factorial design: two seed Mo concentrations (low and high) and three N sources (without N, inoculated and mineral N), with two replicates. Plants were harvested at 42 days after emergence (DAE). High concentration of Mo in seeds increased shoot dry mass, the nitrate reductase activity and shoot N accumulation, but reduced nodule number. The experiment 1 had a 2x2x4 factorial design: two seed Mo concentrations (low and high), two N sources (inoculated and mineral N) and four dates of harvest (20, 34, 45 and 55 DAE), with five replicates. An extra treatment was included, with seeds with high Mo concentration, inoculation and Mo added to the soil, with four harvests. No effect of Mo added to the soil was identified, as compared to the high seed Mo. High seed Mo increased the leaf area and shoot dry mass at the four times of harvest, and the pod mass at 55 DAE, at both N sources. Seeds with high Mo concentration increased the nitrate reductase activity at 45 DAE under mineral N, and nitrogenase activity at 20 and 45 DAE under inoculation. High Mo seeds increased shoot N accumulation at both N sources at pod filling stage. The experiment 2 had a 2x2x2 factorial design: two seed Mo concentrations (low and high), two N sources (inoculated and mineral N) and two dates of harvest (38 and 51 DAE), with five replicates. The soil was previously fertilized with 15N-enriched urea. Non-nodulating bean, sunflower and sorghum were used as control plants. At 51 DAE, plants originating from high Mo seeds had higher shoot mass at both N sources, but lower nodule number under mineral N. High Mo seed increased nitrate reductase activity at 51 DAE at both N sources, and nitrogenase activity at 38 DAE in inoculated plants. High Mo seeds increased shoot N accumulation at both N sources. High Mo seeds improved the contribution of the BNF at the pod filling stage, as estimated by the 15N isotope dilution technique. It is concluded that common bean seeds enriched with Mo stimulate the assimilation of N from the soil and the BNF, increasing the accumulation of biomass / Sementes com elevadas concentra??es de molibd?nio (Mo) podem fornecer quantidades do nutriente suficientes para garantir adequado crescimento ?s plantas. Foram conduzidos um ensaio e dois experimentos com objetivo de avaliar o efeito do teor de Mo em sementes de feijoeiro (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) na assimila??o do N do solo e na fixa??o biol?gica do N2 (FBN), atrav?s da mensura??o das atividades das enzimas nitrogenase e nitrato redutase, e da contribui??o da FBN pela dilui??o isot?pica de 15N, em diferentes est?dios de desenvolvimento vegetal. O substrato foi horizonte A de Argissolo em vasos de 10 kg, utilizando-se sementes da cultivar Carioca enriquecidas ou n?o com Mo. O ensaio teve arranjo fatorial 2x3: dois teores de Mo na semente (baixo e alto) e tr?s fontes de N (sem N, inoculado e N mineral), com duas repeti??es e coleta aos 42 dias ap?s emerg?ncia (DAE). O alto Mo da semente aumentou a atividade da nitrato redutase, a massa e a acumula??o de N na parte a?rea, mas reduziu o n?mero de n?dulos. O experimento 1 teve arranjo fatorial 2x2x4: dois teores de Mo na semente (baixo e alto), duas fontes de N (inoculado e N mineral) e quatro ?pocas de coleta (20, 34, 45 e 55 DAE), com cinco repeti??es. Foi inclu?do um tratamento extra, com sementes com alto Mo, inocula??o e adi??o de Mo ao solo. N?o foi identificado efeito do Mo adicionado ao solo quando comparado com o alto Mo na semente. O alto Mo na semente aumentou a ?rea foliar e a massa de parte a?rea nas quatro ?pocas de coleta, e a massa de vagem aos 55 DAE, nas duas fontes de N. Sementes com alto Mo aumentaram a atividade da nitrato redutase aos 45 DAE sob N mineral, e a atividade da nitrogenase aos 20 e 45 DAE sob inocula??o. Sementes com alto Mo aumentaram a acumula??o de N na parte a?rea nas duas fontes de N no est?dio de enchimento das vagens. O experimento 2 teve arranjo fatorial 2x2x2: dois teores de Mo na semente (alto e baixo), duas fontes de N (inoculado e N mineral) e duas coletas (38 e 51 DAE), com cinco repeti??es. O solo foi previamente adubado com ur?ia enriquecida com 15N. O feij?o n?o nodulante, girassol e sorgo serviram como plantas controle. Aos 51 DAE, plantas oriundas de sementes com alto Mo tiveram maior massa de parte a?rea nas duas fontes de N, mas menor n?mero de n?dulos sob N mineral. O alto Mo nas sementes aumentou a atividade da nitrato redutase aos 51 DAE, nas duas fontes de N, e a atividade da nitrogenase aos 38 DAE nas plantas inoculadas. Sementes com alto Mo aumentaram a acumula??o de N na parte a?rea nas duas fontes de N. Sementes com alto Mo aumentaram a contribui??o da FBN no est?dio de forma??o das vagens. Conclui-se que sementes de feijoeiro enriquecidas com Mo estimulam tanto a assimila??o do N do solo quanto a FBN, aumentando a acumula??o de biomassa e de N do feijoeiro.

Submitted by Sandra Pereira (srpereira@ufrrj.br) on 2017-07-10T12:15:47Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2010 - Ana Paula Lopes Marques.pdf: 4063044 bytes, checksum: 1fcd80ee7f867ac56d9bdf91442e48d9 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-10T12:15:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2010 - Ana Paula Lopes Marques.pdf: 4063044 bytes, checksum: 1fcd80ee7f867ac56d9bdf91442e48d9 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-12-21 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico, CNPq, Brasil. / With the objective to contribute to the study of mineral deficiencies, a survey was conducted through questionnaires, farmers interviews and visits in the properties for a initial diagnosis of the problem. Among the reported outbreaks highlight the signs suggestive of phosphorus deficiency: stiff joints (7.35%), lameness and creaking joints during movement (10.29%) and gnaw and/or chew bones (39.71 %). "Mumps" in calves was reported in three properties (4.41%) suggesting that iodine deficiency or hypoproteinemia. Manifestations of deficiency of cobalt were evidenced by biting and/or chewing tree bark (8.82%), loss of appetite in good pastures (5.88%) and pastures where horses develop only (1.47%). Were also reported signs of deficiencies of zinc, copper and sodium, as well as nonspecific signs (abortion, retained fetal membranes, and retarded growth of calves). The data were collected on soil management and pasture in 20 properties and seven farms were conducted analysis of macro and micronutrient minerals as well as to evaluate soil fertility. The results in soils and pastures showed deficiencies of phosphorus and high amounts of minerals such as iron, zinc, manganese and magnesium which interfere with absorption of copper mainly explaining the signs of this deficiency. The fertile soil condition and fodder were also compromised by the high acidity and high value of aluminum in soils. Failures were observed in the nutritional management of herds and in relation to grazing and management of mineral salt. The opinion of the owners of the herds on mineralization was also elucidated the majority in favor of its use, but admitting mistakes in handling and troughs in the supply of mineral mixtures. In blood serum Mg, Fe and Mn were within normal limits, Ca, Na, K, Co, Cu and Zn below normal and P stood out as being above normal values. Cows compared to calves had higher K and Zn deficiency and comparing the seasons, Co, Fe and Mn were lower at the beginning of the rainy season and Mg and K with smaller values in the early dry season. / Com o objetivo de contribuir com o estudo das car?ncias minerais foi realizado um levantamento atrav?s de question?rios, visitas as propriedades e entrevistas a pecuaristas para um diagn?stico inicial do problema. Dentre as manifesta??es relatadas destacam-se os sinais sugestivos de defici?ncia de f?sforo: articula??es endurecidas (7,35%), claudica??o e ranger das articula??es durante a movimenta??o (10,29%) e h?bito de roer e/ou mastigar ossos (39,71%), ?Papeira? em bezerros foi informada em tr?s propriedades (4,41%) sugerindo defici?ncia de iodo ou hipoproteinemia. As manifesta??es de defici?ncia de cobalto foram evidenciadas por roer e/ou mastigar casca de ?rvore (8,82%), perda de apetite em pastos bons (5,88%) e pastos onde s? equinos se desenvolvem (1,47%). Foram ainda relatados sinais de defici?ncias de zinco, s?dio e cobre, bem como sinais inespec?ficos (abortos, reten??o de placenta e crescimento retardado de bezerros). Foram levantados dados sobre o manejo do solo e pastagens em 20 propriedades e coletas em 7 para an?lise de macro e micronutrientes minerais, bem como avaliada a fertilidade dos solos. Os resultados de solos e pastagens evidenciaram defici?ncias de f?sforo e altos valores de minerais como ferro, zinco, mangan?s e magn?sio que interferem principalmente na absor??o do cobre justificando os sinais dessa defici?ncia. A fertilidade dos solos e a condi??o das forragens tamb?m se mostraram comprometidas pela acidez elevada e altos valores de alum?nio nos solos analisados. Foram evidenciadas falhas no manejo nutricional dos rebanhos e em rela??o ?s pastagens e suplementa??o mineral. A opini?o dos propriet?rios sobre suplement??o mineral dos rebanhos tamb?m foi elucidada sendo a maioria a favor do seu uso, mas admitindo-se os erros no manejo de cochos e no fornecimento das misturas minerais. No soro sangu?neo Mg, Fe e Mn ficaram dentro da normalidade; Ca, Na, K, Co, Cu e Zn abaixo dos valores normais e o P se destacou como estando acima dos valores considerados normais. As vacas em rela??o aos bezerros apresentaram maior defici?ncia de K e Zn e, comparando-se ?s esta??es do ano, Co, Fe e Mn ficaram mais baixos no in?cio da esta??o chuvosa e Mg e K com valores menores no in?cio da esta??o seca.