Submitted by Sandra Pereira (srpereira@ufrrj.br) on 2016-08-24T15:39:27Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2011 - Raphael Andrade de Castro.pdf: 917522 bytes, checksum: f65a225b9fc808c90016c649f5cb2be1 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-24T15:39:27Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2011 - Raphael Andrade de Castro.pdf: 917522 bytes, checksum: f65a225b9fc808c90016c649f5cb2be1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-02-18 / causing pain as a constant feature. The pyrazole compounds are the drugs of synthetic origin in their chemical structure consisting of a ring pirazol?nico, with which several studies show the effectiveness in controlling of pain, fever and inflammation. The need to develop new drugs with analgesic and anti-inflammatory, low cost and which have few adverse reactions, has stimulated the synthesis and study of pharmacological activities of pyrazole compounds. With this objective, we studied the antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory potential of compound 1.5-diphenyl-pyrazole-3-hidrazinopirazol(a) (DHP), administered orally in pharmacological models of the acetic acid writhing, tail-flick, formalin, ear edema induced by croton oil and carrageenan-induced peritonitis in mice, and mechanical allodynia (von Frey) and thermal hyperalgesia (Hargreaves) in rats. The administration of DHP (1, 3 and 10mg/kg) decreased in a dose-dependent (41.3, 62.7 and 76%) number of writhing (ID50 = 1.3mg/kg). In the tail-flick test, DHP (10mg/kg) was ineffective and the application of positive control fentanyl (200?g/kg, sc) increased the latency to thermal stimulation in up to 138%. Without changing the first phase of nociception (neurogenic pain) of the formalin test, DHP (10mg/kg) and the positive control indomethacin (10mg/kg, p.o.) inhibited the reactivity in the 2 phase (ndinflammatory pain) in 40.9 and 48.7% respectively. This same dose of DHP reduced by 54% the ear edema induced by croton oil, as well as the positive control, dexamethasone (2mg/kg, sc) at 55.3%. Also in a dose-dependent DHP (3, 10 and 30 mg / kg) inhibited by 11.8, 39 and 53.7%, respectively, leukocyte migration in peritonitis induced by carrageenan test (ID50 = 22.9mg/kg). In the assessment of mechanical allodynia incision group treated with DHP (GIDHP - 10mg/kg) showed a significant reversal of allodynia (RA) after one hour of administration, with maximum reading RA for 12 hours (28.2%) in the second stage of the experiment, remaining in the third stage with RA of 26.9, 43.4 and 60.4% in the 7th, 10th and 14th days of evaluations, when compared with the vehicle group incised (GIV). In thermal hyperalgesia GIDHP (10mg/kg) also significantly reversed the hyperalgesia (RH) after one hour of treatment, with RH maximum of three hours in reading (68.9%) in the second stage, obtaining in the third stage RA of 43.4, 32,1 and 64% in 7th, 10th and 14th days of evaluations, when compared to the GIV and obtaining similar values of the group not incised vehicle (GNIV) on 14 dayth. In the von Frey and Hargreaves GNIV showed similar readings in the three stages of the experiment. The DHP (10mg/kg) did not alter the motor activity of mice in rota-rod test. Whereas the compound DHP showed antinociceptive activity in writhing test, antiedematogenic in ear edema, inhibited the 2nd phase of nociception (inflammatory pain) in formalin test and leukocyte migration, promoting reversal of hypernociception in models of thermal hyperalgesia and allodynia mechanics, these results indicate that the effectiveness of DHP involves the participation of anti-inflammatory mechanisms and create favorable outlook for its future use with this therapeutic goal. / A inflama??o ? um processo fisiol?gico de resposta org?nica diante de les?o tissular ou infec??o, gerando a dor como caracter?stica constante. Os compostos piraz?licos s?o drogas de origem sint?tica com um anel pirazol?nico na sua estrutura qu?mica, com os quais diversos estudos demonstram a efic?cia no controle da dor, da febre e da inflama??o. A necessidade do desenvolvimento de novos f?rmacos com propriedades analg?sicas e anti-inflamat?rias, de baixo custo e que apresentem poucas rea??es adversas, tem estimulado a s?ntese e o estudo das atividades farmacol?gicas dos compostos piraz?licos. Com esse objetivo, foi estudado o potencial antinociceptivo e anti-inflamat?rio do composto piraz?lico 1,5-difenil-3-hidrazinopirazol(a) (DHP), administrado pela via oral, nos modelos farmacol?gicos das contor??es abdominais pelo ?cido ac?tico, tail-flick, formalina, edema de orelha induzido pelo ?leo de cr?ton e peritonite induzida pela carragenina em camundongos; e na alodinia mec?nica (von Frey) e hiperalgesia t?rmica (Hargreaves) em ratos. A administra??o do DHP (1, 3 e 10mg/kg) diminuiu de maneira dose-dependente (41,3, 62,7 e 76%) o numero de contor??es abdominais (ID50=1,3mg/kg). No teste de tail-flick, DHP (10mg/kg) n?o foi efetivo e a aplica??o do controle positivo fentanil (200?g/kg, s.c.) ampliou a lat?ncia ao est?mulo t?rmico em at? 138%. Sem alterarem a 1? fase de nocicep??o (dor neurog?nica) do teste da formalina, o DHP (10mg/kg) e o controle positivo indometacina (10mg/kg, p.o.) inibiram a reatividade na 2? fase (dor inflamat?ria) em 40,9 e 48,7% respectivamente. Essa mesma dose do DHP reduziu em 54% o edema de orelha induzido pelo ?leo de cr?ton, assim como o controle positivo dexametasona (2mg/kg, s.c.) em 55.3%. Tamb?m de forma dose-dependente o DHP (3, 10 e 30 mg/kg) inibiu em 11,8, 39 e 53,7% respectivamente, a migra??o de leuc?citos no teste da peritonite induzida pela carragenina (ID50=22,9mg/kg). Na avalia??o da alodinia mec?nica o grupo incisado tratado com o DHP (GIDHP - 10mg/kg) apresentou significativas revers?es da alodinia (RA) ap?s uma hora da administra??o, com RA m?xima na leitura de 12 horas (28,2%) na segunda etapa, mantendo-se na terceira etapa com RA de 26,9, 43,4 e 60,4% nos 7?, 10? e 14? dias de experimenta??o, comparados com o grupo incisado ve?culo (GIV). Na hiperalgesia t?rmica o GIDHP tamb?m produziu revers?o da hiperalgesia (RH) uma hora ap?s o tratamento, com RH m?ximo na leitura de 3 horas (68,9%) na segunda etapa, mantendo-se na terceira etapa com RH de 43,4, 32,1 e 64% nos 7?, 10? e 14? dias de experimenta??o, quando comparados ao GIV e obtendo valores semelhantes ao grupo n?o incisado ve?culo (GNIV) no 14? dia. No von Frey e no Hargreaves o GNIV apresentou leituras semelhantes nas tr?s etapas do experimento. O DHP (10mg/kg) n?o alterou a atividade motora de camundongos no teste do rota-rod. Considerando que o composto DHP apresentou atividade antinociceptiva no teste das contor??es, antiedematog?nica no edema de orelha, inibiu a 2? fase de nocicep??o (dor inflamat?ria) do teste da formalina e a migra??o leucocit?ria, promovendo ainda revers?o da hipernocicep??o nos modelos de hiperalgesia t?rmica e alodinia mec?nica; esses resultados indicam que a efetividade do DHP envolve a participa??o de mecanismos anti-inflamat?rios e criam perspectivas favor?veis para sua futura utiliza??o com esse objetivo terap?utico.

Submitted by Sandra Pereira (srpereira@ufrrj.br) on 2016-08-30T17:45:35Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2011 - Janh Carlo de Amorim Ferreira.pdf: 452426 bytes, checksum: 152fed7ea96dd8772e716b4b9f21b433 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-30T17:45:35Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2011 - Janh Carlo de Amorim Ferreira.pdf: 452426 bytes, checksum: 152fed7ea96dd8772e716b4b9f21b433 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-04-26 / This study was performed at Hospital de Cl?nicas Veterin?rias do Centro Universit?rio Pl?nio Leite Itabora?, Rio de Janeiro (Veterinary Hospital of Pl?nio Leite University, Itabora?, Rio de Janeiro) to monitor the hepatic biochemical profile of cats and their clinical parameters when submitted to continuous infusion of propofol at a 0,3 mg/kg/min dosage, for 90 minutes, and comparing to results obtained from cats who received continuous infusion of saline solution. Both groups were analyzed during a pre-determined period of time totalizing 28 days of observation and analysis. The following enzymes activity levels were determined: Aminotransferase (AST), Alanina-Aminotransferase (ALT), Gamma Glutamyl Transpeptidase (GGT) and Alkaline Fosfatasis (FA); serum levels of Albumin (A), Total Bilirrubin (BT) and Total Serum Proteins (PT), yet registering Respiratory (FR) and Heart Rate (FC), Systolic Blood Pressure (PAS), Mean Arterial Blood Pressure (PAM), Diastolic Blood Pressure (PAD) and Oxygen Partial Saturation (SPO2). Twenty healthy cats were analyzed on this study, their weights varying from two to four kilos and ages between three to five years old, submitted to experimental procedures performed during the months of January and February, 2010. The analysis of these results showed a major difference (p<0,05) between the ALT serum activities at the following positions: T2 (30 minutes), T3 (60 minutes), T5 (12 hours) and T9 (28 days); AST serum activities at T2, FA serum activities at T2, T6 (seven days) and T8 (21 days), emphasizing the fact only at this last position the GP levels were greater than GC; in the heart rate at T1 position (the beginning of this experiment), without compromising animals physical condition. None of the animals presented averages above parameters of normality. The other parameters examined did not present any significant differences, concluding that total intravenous anesthesia using continuous infusion of propofol was safe to contain cats in invasive surgical procedures, therefore providing more information regarding the safe use of this drug in animals. / O trabalho foi desenvolvido no Hospital de Cl?nicas Veterin?rias do Centro Universit?rio Pl?nio Leite, em Itabora?, RJ, com o intuito de monitorar perfil bioqu?mico hep?tico e par?metros cl?nicos de gatos submetidos ? infus?o cont?nua de propofol (GP) na dose de 0,3 mg/kg/min, durante 90 minutos, e comparando-se com resultados observados em gatos do grupo controle (GC), que receberam infus?o cont?nua de solu??o fisiol?gica. Os dois grupos foram avaliados em espa?os de tempo pr?-determinados, totalizando 28 dias de observa??es e an?lises. Foram determinadas as atividades s?ricas de aspartatoaminotransferase (AST), alanina-aminotransferase (ALT), gama-glutamil transpeptidase (GGT) e fosfatase alcalina (FA), determinadas as concentra??es s?ricas de Albumina (A), Bilirrubina total (BT) e Prote?nas Totais s?ricas (PT), registrando-se ainda as Frequ?ncias Respirat?rias (FR) e Card?acas (FC), Temperatura Retal (T), Press?es Arteriais Sist?licas (PAS), M?dias (PAM) e Diast?licas (PAD) e Satura??o parcial de O2 (SPO2). Foram utilizados no estudo 20 gatos h?gidos, com pesos variando entre dois e quatro kg e idades entre tr?s e cinco anos, que foram submetidos aos procedimentos experimentais no per?odo compreendido entre janeiro e fevereiro de 2010. A an?lise dos resultados demostraram que houve diferen?a significativa (p<0,05) nas atividades s?ricas de ALT nos momentos T2 (30 minutos), T3 (60 minutos), T5 (12 horas) e T9 (28 dias); nas atividades s?ricas de AST no momento T2; nas atividades s?ricas de FA nos momentos T2, T6 (7 dias) e T8 (21 dias), sendo que, somente neste ultimo momento as dosagens do GP foram maiores que no GC; na frequ?ncia card?aca no momento T1 (in?cio do experimento), sem causar qualquer comprometimento ? sa?de dos animais. Nenhum dos animais apresentou m?dias acima dos par?metros de normalidade. Os outros par?metros analisados n?o tiveram diferen?as significativas, concluindo-se que a anestesia intravenosa total com uso de propofol em infus?o cont?nua foi segura para conten??o de gatos em procedimentos incruentos, contribuindo assim para maiores informa??es em rela??o ao uso desse f?rmaco nesses animais

Submitted by Sandra Pereira (srpereira@ufrrj.br) on 2016-09-14T11:46:46Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2011 - Vivian Suane de Freitas Vieira.pdf: 2001045 bytes, checksum: 2cce4947186746927e3f6cc35826b411 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-09-14T11:46:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2011 - Vivian Suane de Freitas Vieira.pdf: 2001045 bytes, checksum: 2cce4947186746927e3f6cc35826b411 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-01-20 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / A list of metazoan species associated to Pimelodus Lac?p?de, 1803 genus has been prepared in this work. The total of 516 records in 10 host species of genus was compiled. Were included in the list of new geographic records monogeneans parasites of Pimelodus maculatus Lac?p?de, 1803 collected from Midwest, Southeast and South of Brazil. New morphological data of Cucullanus pinnai pinnai Travassos, Artigas & Pereira, 1928, parasite of P. maculatus collected in the Guandu river, in the State of Rio de Janeiro have been reported. This work noted that the position of the excretory pore and deirids of the specimens are at the level or posterior to the oesophagus- intestine junction in the most specimens and gubernaculums size is greater than in other previously studied of C. pinnai pinnai. Nematodes were studied using light and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and differential interference contrast (DIC) and analyzes confirmed morphological details of the cephalic region and the caudal papillae that species. Comparative study of parasitic communities of P. maculatus was also performed. 50 specimens of the P. maculatus were collected from Guandu river, in the State of Rio de Janeiro and others 50 from Mogi-Gua?? river, State of S?o Paulo. In the samples from Guandu river were identified the following species: Ameloblastella paranaensis Fran?a, Isaac, Pavanelli & Takemoto, 2003 (P= 8%; MI= 1,0?0,0); A. satoi Monteiro, Kritsky, Brasil-Sato, 2010 (P= 8%; MI= 1,0?0,0); Demidospermus bidiverticulatum Suriano & Incorvaia, 1995 (P= 8%; MI= 1,0?0,0); D. paravalenciennesi Guti?rrez & Suriano, 1992 (P=90%; MI=14,77?5,04), D. uncusvalidus Guti?rrez & Suriano, 1992 (P=90%; MI=12,37?4,86), D. valenciennesi Guti?rrez & Suriano, 1992 (P=56%; MI=6,06?3,95) e Cucullanus pinnai pinnai Travassos, Artigas & Pereira, 1928 (P=64%; MI=3,28?4,87). In the rio Mogi-Gua?? the parasites identified were: Ameloblastella paranaensis (P= 8%; MI= 1,0?0,0), Ameloblastella satoi (P= 8%; MI= 1,0?0,0), Demidospermus paravalenciennesi (P=86%; MI=18,58?10,79), D. uncusvalidus (P=84%; MI=16,73?7,74), D. valenciennesi (P=52%; IM=6,84?4,55) e Cucullanus pinnai pinnai (P= 44%; MI= 3,88?4,87). The females of P. maculatus had higher weight and length of males in both samples. The sex and o length of the hosts did not influence the level of parasitism. Positive correlation was observed between weight of host and abundance of D. uncusvalidus only in the sample of the Guandu river. Aggregate distribution was observed in all the prevalent species of metazoan parasites of P. maculatus in the two localities. D. paravalenciennesi showed a higher frequency of dominance and relative dominance in the samples of Guandu river and D. uncusvalidus in the samples of Mogi-Gua?? river. The results of the qualitative similarity index Jaccard (CJ) and quantitative Sorensen (CS) within the collected samples were homogenea. The Jaccard index indicated heterogeneity while Sorensen index indicated homogeneity between samples. The results demonstrated that the relationship between parasites and their hosts are constant even in different river basins. / Uma lista de esp?cies de metazo?rios associados ao g?nero Pimelodus Lac?p?de, 1803 foi elaborada neste trabalho. O total de 516 registros em 10 esp?cies de hospedeiros do g?nero foi compilado. Foram inclu?dos na lista novos registros de geogr?ficos de parasitos monogen?ticos de Pimelodus maculatus Lac?p?de, 1803 coletados nas regi?es Centro-oeste, Sudeste e Sul do Brasil. Novos dados morfol?gicos de Cucullanus pinnai pinnai Travassos, Artigas & Pereira, 1928, parasito de P. maculatus coletado no rio Guandu, no Estado do Rio de Janeiro foram relatados. Foi observado que a posi??o do poro excretor e deir?deos nos esp?cimes estudados s?o posteriores ao final do es?fago na maioria dos esp?cimes e o tamanho do gubern?culo ? maior do que em outros de C. pinnai pinnai estudados anteriormente. Os nematoides foram estudados utilizando microscopia eletr?nica de varredura (MEV) e contraste interferencial de fase (DIC) e as an?lises confirmaram detalhes morfol?gicos da regi?o cef?lica e as papilas caudais dessa esp?cie. Estudo comparativo das comunidades parasit?rias de P. maculatus tamb?m foi realizado. Foram coletados 50 esp?cimes de P. maculatus no rio Guandu, no Estado do Rio de Janeiro e outros 50 exemplares no rio Mogi-Gua??, no Estado de S?o Paulo, foram examinados para o estudo de sua parasitofauna, no per?odo de maio ? dezembro de 2012. No rio Guandu foram coletadas as seguintes esp?cies: Ameloblastella paranaensis Fran?a, Isaac, Pavanelli & Takemoto, 2003 (P= 8%; IM= 1,0?0,0); A. satoi Monteiro, Kritsky, Brasil-Sato, 2010 (P= 8%; IM= 1,0?0,0); Demidospermus bidiverticulatum Suriano & Incorvaia, 1995 (P= 8%; IM= 1,0?0,0); D. paravalenciennesi Guti?rrez & Suriano, 1992 (P=90%; IM=14,77?5,04), D. uncusvalidus Guti?rrez & Suriano, 1992 (P=90%; IM=12,37?4,86), D. valenciennesi Guti?rrez & Suriano, 1992 (P=56%; IM=6,06?3,95) e Cucullanus pinnai pinnai Travassos, Artigas & Pereira, 1928 (P=64%; IM=3,28?4,87). No rio Mogi-Gua?? os parasitos identificados foram: Ameloblastella paranaensis (P= 8%; IM= 1,0?0,0), Ameloblastella satoi (P= 8%; IM= 1,0?0,0), Demidospermus paravalenciennesi (P=86%; IM=18,58?10,79), D. uncusvalidus (P=84%; IM=16,73?7,74), D. valenciennesi (P=52%; IM=6,84?4,55) e Cucullanus pinnai pinnai (P= 44; IM= 3,88?4,87). As f?meas de P. maculatus apresentaram peso e comprimento maiores que dos machos nas duas amostras. O sexo e o comprimento dos hospedeiros n?o influenciaram o n?vel de parasitismo. Correla??o positiva foi observada entre o peso e a abund?ncia de D. uncusvalidus somente na amostra do rio Guandu. Foi observada distribui??o agregada de todas as esp?cies mais prevalentes de metazo?rios parasitos de P. maculatus nas duas bacias de coleta. D. paravalenciennesi apresentou maior freq??ncia de domin?ncia e domin?ncia relativa no rio Guandu e D. uncusvalidus no rio Mogi-Gua??. Os resultados dos ?ndices de similaridade qualitativa de Jaccard (CJ) e quantitativa de Sorensen (CS) dentro das amostras coletadas demonstraram homogeneidade. O ?ndice Jaccard indicou heterogeneidade e o ?ndice de Sorensen indicou homogeneidade entre as amostras. Os resultados demonstram que o relacionamento entre parasitos e seus hospedeiros s?o constantes, mesmo em diferentes bacias hidrogr?ficas.

Submitted by Leticia Schettini (leticia@ufrrj.br) on 2016-09-20T12:51:17Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2009 - Maria Beatriz de Oliveira Monteiro.pdf: 6872732 bytes, checksum: c5bedd487727835e97ae3e6b493349b3 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-09-20T12:51:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2009 - Maria Beatriz de Oliveira Monteiro.pdf: 6872732 bytes, checksum: c5bedd487727835e97ae3e6b493349b3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-05-29 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior-CAPES / In spite of the technological progresses, the understanding of the lignin structural formation is still matter of scientific investigations. This research aimed to utilize Eucalyptus urophylla S.T. Blake callus for lignin production. This callus were obtained from stems segments explants grown in culture medium added with a combination of the cytokine TDZ and the auxins acid indole-3-acetic (IAA), acid ?-naphthaleneacetic (NAA) and acid 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic (2,4-D). This growth regulators were utilized either alone or mixtured. For cell suspension production it was utilized callus obtained in medium culture added with 20?M IAA + 3?M TDZ, after 30 days of growth in vitro. Once the cells suspension was obtained, the lignin production was induced by four elicitors: jasmonic acid (JA), NAA, sucrose and control (without elicitor). It was used a completely randomized design with four replications. Each plot consisted of an Erlenmeyer with 125 ml of cells suspension culture. The Wiesner test confirmed the lignin presence in all treatments. In 3 of the 4 replicatons it was performed another evaluation to the production of DHPs (polymers by oxidative dehydrogenation) utilizing suspension filtrate added with H2O2, H2O2 + peroxidase and peroxidase. These new treatments were analyzed through polilignols production utilizing infrared (IR) and nuclear magnetic resonance of the hydrogen (NMR H). The suspension filtrate analysis of the 4th replication through ultraviolet (UV), IR, NMR 13C and NMR H evidenced the production of extra cellular lignin. Of this, the largest content was obtained in presence of sucrose as elicitor, followed by ANA and AJ. The cells in suspension increased the cellular wall lignin content in all treatments in relation to the control and the largest values were with the medium containing sucrose. DHPs were also analyzed utilizing as mattress the MS medium added of the same elicitors tested in the cellular suspension phase. For this, it was utilized as precursors the following alcohols: coniferyl or sinapyl, H2O2 and peroxidase; amd the analyses were done in RMN H and RMN 13C. The results showed DHPs synthesis of both coniferyl alcohol (DHP1c, DHP2c and DHP4c) and sinapyl alcohol (DHP2s). Nevertheless, It was not synthesized DHP in the treatment containing sucrose when the precursor was the coniferyl alcohol. On the other hand, when the sinapyl alcohol was the precursor, DHPs were only synthesized in the presence of ANA as elicitor. It was concluded that sucrose is an appropriate elicitor for the lignin production in cells suspension both at cellular and extra cellular level. However, this result was not observed in relation to DHP production. NAA auxin had a better functionality in the DHP2c and DHP2s formation. These results may be considered a progress in the lignification studies with the use of E. urophylla cell suspension. Once all these questions were answered and solved, it will be possible to develop E.urophylla suitable plants with better quality forest products and able to cause smaller environmental impact in the industrial processes. / Apesar dos avan?os tecnol?gicos, a compreens?o da forma??o estrutural da lignina ainda ? alvo de in?meras investiga??es cient?ficas. Esta pesquisa foi realizada com calos de Eucalyptus urophylla S.T. Blake para a produ??o de lignina. Os calos foram obtidos a partir de explantes de segmentos caulinares desenvolvidos em meios de cultura acrescidos de uma combina??o da citocinina TDZ e das auxinas ?cidos: 3-indolac?tico (AIA), ?-naftalenoac?tico (ANA) e diclorofenoxiac?tico (2,4-D), nas formas isoladas e conjugadas. Para a produ??o de c?lulas em suspens?o foram utilizados os calos formados no tratamento contendo 20?M de AIA + 3?M de TDZ, ap?s 30 dias de cultivo in vitro. Obtidas as c?lulas em suspens?o, a produ??o de lignina foi induzida empregando-se quatro elicitores: ?cido jasm?nico (AJ), ANA, sacarose e testemunha (sem o emprego de elicitores). O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o inteiramente casualizado, 4 repeti??es e um Erlenmeyer contendo 125 ml de cultura de c?lulas em suspens?o. O teste de Wiesner confirmou a presen?a de lignina, em todos os tratamentos testados. Em 3 das 4 repeti??es foram realizados subtratamentos para a produ??o de DHPs (pol?meros por desidrogena??o oxidativa) a partir do filtrado da suspens?o com H2O2, H2O2 + peroxidase e peroxidase. A an?lise desses subtratamentos foi realizada pela detec??o da produ??o de polilign?is atrav?s de raios infravermelho (IV) e resson?ncia magn?tica nuclear do hidrog?nio (RMN H). O filtrado da suspens?o da repeti??o 4 foi analisado por ultravioleta (UV), IV, RMN 13C e RMN H, sendo constatada a presen?a de lignina extracelular, com o maior teor sendo observado na presen?a do elicitor sacarose, seguido do ANA e AJ. As c?lulas em suspens?o apresentaram aumento no teor de lignina na parede celular em todos os tratamentos em rela??o ? testemunha e os maiores valores foram com o meio contendo sacarose. Foram analisadas tamb?m as DHPs tendo como colch?o o meio de cultura MS acrescido dos mesmos elicitores testados na fase de suspens?o celular. Para isto foram utilizados como precursores os ?lcoois conifer?lico ou sinap?lico, H2O2 e peroxidase, com a lignina analisada em RMN H e RMN 13C. Os resultados mostraram que houve s?ntese de DHPs do ?lcool conifer?lico (DHP1c, DHP2c e DHP4c) e do ?lcool sinap?lico (DHP2s). Porem quando se utilizou como precursor o ?lcool conifer?lico n?o foram sintetizadas DHPs no tratamento contendo sacarose como elicitor. E, quando foi utilizado como precursor o ?lcool sinap?lico, somente foram formadas DHPs na presen?a do elicitor ANA. Concluiu-se, ent?o, que a sacarose apresentou-se como um elicitor adequado para a produ??o de lignina nas c?lulas em suspens?o, tanto em n?vel celular quanto extracelular. Entretanto, isto n?o foi observado em rela??o ? produ??o de DHP. A auxina ANA teve funcionalidade maior na forma??o de DHP2c e DHP2s. Estes resultados devem ser considerados como um avan?o nos estudos de lignifica??o com a utiliza??o de c?lulas em suspens?o de E. urophylla. Quando esses questionamentos forem identificados e solucionados ser? poss?vel o desenvolvimento de novos indiv?duos desta esp?cie que conduzam ? produ??o de produtos florestais de melhor qualidade, com menor impacto ambiental nos processos industriais.

Submitted by Sandra Pereira (srpereira@ufrrj.br) on 2016-09-20T13:24:55Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2011 - Priscila das merces de sena.pdf: 7709054 bytes, checksum: f76077cb7fca550b09f80cf277852e82 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-09-20T13:24:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2011 - Priscila das merces de sena.pdf: 7709054 bytes, checksum: f76077cb7fca550b09f80cf277852e82 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-05-31 / The Spotrhrix schenckii is widely dispersed in nature, especially in temperate and tropical climates. Sporotrichosis is the most common human subcutaneousmycosis in Latin America. In domestic feline, tissues can be found with a abundance of this parasite, fact that it is not usual in other species, so becoming a significantzoonoticagent. The objective in this study was to evaluate the regressiontimeoftheclinical disease, the side effects with Potassium Iodide (KI) administration, in dosis of 10 and 20mg/kg of weight, also evaluation the total T4 hormone concentrations, as well as the possible alterations of hemogram, and renal and hepatic serum biochemistrybyusingthismedication. Were used in this experimentation 14 domestic cats (Felis catusdomesticus), 11 males and three females, with indefinite race, and a mean age of 3.7 years old and average weight of 3.9 kg, with the disease sporotrichosis, all from Rio de Janeiro city. The animal selection was done through the confirmation of the sporotrichosis disease, by collecting material and conducting to mycological culture procedure. The animals were divided into two groups randomly: group I (10 mg of KI/ kg of weight), and group II (20 mg of KI/ kg of weight). Clinical and laboratory evaluations were performed in all cats in the study. Besides the total T4, the following laboratory tests were performed: hemogram, urea, creatinine, alkaline phosphatase, alanine-aminotransferase, gamma-glutamyltransferase, aspartate-aminotransferase. All tests were repeated every 15 days, and clinical evaluation was performed daily. This study concluded after comparison between the two groups that weren?t significant alterations in time regression of disease, as well as in that laboratorial analysis, but there were differences in side effects, so, dosis of 10 mg / kg of weight, once daily was the most right treatment of feline sporotrichosis / O Spotrhrix schenckii, agente etiol?gico da esporotricose,? amplamente disperso na natureza, especialmente em ambientes de climas temperados e tropicais. A esporotricose ? a micose subcut?nea humana mais comum na Am?rica Latina, e o felino tem potencial zoon?tico significativo. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o tempo de regress?o da doen?a cl?nica e as fun??es hep?tica, renal e tiroideana, com uso do iodeto de pot?ssio (IK) nas doses de 10 ou 20 mg/kg de peso, para tratamento da micose. Foram utilizados 14 felinos dom?sticos (Felis catus domesticus), sendo 11 machos e tr?s f?meas, ra?a indefinida, com idade m?dia de 3,7 anos e peso m?dio 3,9 kg, portadores da doen?a e provenientes do Munic?pio do Rio de Janeiro. A sele??o dos animais foi realizada atrav?s da confirma??o da doen?a, por meio da coleta de material e realiza??o de cultura micol?gica. Os animais foram divididos em dois grupos, de forma aleat?ria: grupo I (dose de 10 mg de IK/kg de peso) e grupo II (dose de 20 mg de IK/kg de peso), com m?dia do tempo de tratamento de 63 dias. Avalia??o cl?nica e laboratorial foi realizada em todos os gatos do estudo. Al?m do T4 total, os seguintes exames laboratoriais foram realizados: hemograma, ur?ia, creatinina, fosfatase alcalina, alanina-aminotransferase, gama-glutamiltransferase, aspartato-aminotransferase. Todos os exames foram repetidos a cada 15 dias, do in?cio ao final dotratamento e avalia??o cl?nica foi realizada diariamente. Este estudo concluiu, comparando-se os dois grupos, que n?o houve diferen?a estatisticamente significativa no tempo de regress?o da doen?a, mas houve diferen?as nos efeitos colaterais. Os animais do grupo I que apresentaram v?mitos e diarr?ia foram em n?mero de dois e os animais do grupo II apresentaram efeits colaterais cmo v?mitos, diarr?ia, prostra??o, anorexia, desidrata??o, febre, saliva??o, pelagem seca.Sendo a dose de 10 mg/kg, uma vez ao dia, a mais adequada para o tratamento de esporotircose felina, pois n?o provocou altera??es cl?nicas, laboratoriais e hormonais significativas

Submitted by Sandra Pereira (srpereira@ufrrj.br) on 2016-10-03T17:26:35Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2011 - Adriana Gallotti Studart.pdf: 5477496 bytes, checksum: 8ffde9ac7ac95870e0b166e4c1357723 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-10-03T17:26:35Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2011 - Adriana Gallotti Studart.pdf: 5477496 bytes, checksum: 8ffde9ac7ac95870e0b166e4c1357723 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-03-03 / This paper deals with the hygienic and sanitary issues in campaign activities of the Brazilian Army. In these situations, large number of people may be exposed to serious health risks, even before entering combat. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate the practices to be implemented to enhance biosecurity related to water supply, food service and waste management in the campaign. To this end, it was raised the processes and issues of interest to health by non-participant observation of four campaign activities conducted at the Military Academy of Agulhas Negras (AMAN), from June to November 2010. A specific checklist was developed and implemented in the first three activities were subsequently produced a Manual of Good Practice. In order to validate this document, an instruction was given on topics related to the military involved. Subsequently, a new application of the checklist was performed in a final activity to compare the results. In parallel, were analyzed for microbiological and physical-chemical water consumption in all the activities together. Furthermore, it was evaluated the cleanliness of water tanks by aerobic mesophilic count and the presence or absence of coliform bacteria. Tabulated the results confirmed the trend of improvement in the overall situation of biosecurity. It was concluded therefore that the application of good practices, consolidated in the proposed manual, can increase levels of biosecurity of troops on campaign in the Brazilian Army. / O presente trabalho trata das quest?es higi?nico-sanit?rias nas atividades de campanha do Ex?rcito Brasileiro. Nessas situa??es, grandes efetivos podem estar expostos a s?rios riscos ? sa?de, antes mesmo das atividades b?licas em si. Por essa raz?o, o objetivo deste estudo foi investigar as pr?ticas a serem implementadas para se aumentar a biosseguran?a relacionada ao suprimento de ?gua, servi?o de alimenta??o e gest?o de res?duos em campanha. Para tal, foram levantados os processos e assuntos de interesse sanit?rio pela observa??o n?o-participante de quatro atividades de campanha realizadas na Academia Militar das Agulhas Negras (AMAN), de junho a novembro de 2010. Uma lista de verifica??o espec?fica foi elaborada e aplicada nas tr?s primeiras atividades sendo, posteriormente, produzido um Manual de Boas Pr?ticas. No sentido de validar este documento, uma instru??o sobre assuntos correlatos foi ministrada aos militares envolvidos. Posteriormente, uma nova aplica??o da lista de verifica??o foi realizada em uma ?ltima atividade para comparar os resultados. Paralelamente, foram realizadas an?lises microbiol?gicas e f?sico-qu?micas da ?gua de consumo de todas as atividades acompanhadas. Al?m disso, foi avaliada a higieniza??o dos reservat?rios de ?gua atrav?s da contagem de mes?filos aer?bios e da presen?a ou aus?ncia de bact?rias do grupo coliforme. Tabulados os resultados, confirmou-se a tend?ncia de melhoria na situa??o geral de biosseguran?a. Concluiu-se, portanto, que a aplica??o das boas pr?ticas, consolidadas no Manual proposto, ? capaz de aumentar os n?veis de biosseguran?a de uma tropa em campanha no ?mbito do Ex?rcito Brasileiro.

Submitted by Leticia Schettini (leticia@ufrrj.br) on 2016-10-06T11:35:04Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2007 - Rafael Silva Barboza.pdf: 2062893 bytes, checksum: c7d9166e3fe66028a7acdadb02fed002 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-10-06T11:35:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2007 - Rafael Silva Barboza.pdf: 2062893 bytes, checksum: c7d9166e3fe66028a7acdadb02fed002 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-06-27 / Instituto Terra de Prote??o Ambiental, ITPA, Brasil. / The air basin is a three-dimensional space that conduct and distribute the winds over the drainage basin. In Rio de Janeiro?s state, 48% of the territory is constituted by Atlantic slope, where were registered 16 air basins with specific environmental features, distributed in 20% of the area. Based on the conformation of morphometrics parameters the air basins were grouped, by Multivariate Analysis - Cluster, with Euclidean distance of 48%, significance level of 95% and correlation coefficient of 0.7132, in 5 groups with similar forms. To evaluate the hydrologic effects within the air basins, it was used as a study case, the air basin of Angra dos Reis, where the magnitude of the interception of clouds was measured in the escape zone from the topographic divide of the Pirai river basin (leeward), in different distance away, with and without natural barriers, during the winter and summer. It was used vertical intercept sampling area equivalent to 0.45% of the forests in the region. The variation of the removal of the topographic divide occurred until 500 m of altitude, this limit may be the end of the escape zone and the beginning of the air basin distribution zone. The effect of air basin represented additional of 44% of the volume of rain in topographic divide (point 1), 39% at 4.5 km (point 2) and 42% at 7.5 km (point 3) of the point 1, in concordant direction of the flow. The effect of the orography in the trajectory of the winds, varied in an irregular way in winter and in summer, maintaining differential of 23% and 77% in point A (obstruction of 85% of the cross section) and 32% and 68% in point B (obstruction of 80% of the cross section). In areas under the influence of air basins, the variables and environmental processes can be crucial to offer environmental services in drainage basins. / A Bacia A?rea ? um espa?o tridimensional que conduz e distribui os ventos sobre as bacias hidrogr?ficas. No Estado do Rio de Janeiro, 48% do territ?rio ? composto pela vertente Atl?ntica, onde foram registradas 16 bacias a?reas com caracter?sticas ambientais espec?ficas, distribu?das em 20% da ?rea. Baseado na conforma??o de par?metros morfom?tricos as bacias a?reas foram agrupadas, atrav?s de An?lise Multivariada ? Cluster, com dist?ncia Euclidiana de 48%, n?vel de signific?ncia de 95% e coeficiente de correla??o de 0,7132 em 5 grupos com formas similares. Para avaliar os efeitos hidrol?gicos dentro das bacias a?reas, utilizou-se como estudo de caso a bacia a?rea de Angra dos Reis, onde a magnitude da vari?vel intercepta??o das nuvens foi medida na zona de escape, a partir do interfl?vio da bacia hidrogr?fica do rio Pirai (sotavento), em dist?ncias de afastamento distintas, com e sem barreiras orogr?ficas, durante o inverno e ver?o. Utilizou-se ?rea amostral de intercepta??o vertical equivalente a 0,45% das florestas da regi?o. A varia??o do afastamento do interfl?vio ocorreu at? desn?vel de 500 m em altitude, podendo ser este limite o fim da zona de escape e in?cio da zona de distribui??o da bacia a?rea. O efeito da bacia a?rea representou adicional de 44% em volume de chuva no interfl?vio (ponto 1), 39% a 4,5 km (ponto 2) e 42% a 7,5 km (ponto 3) do ponto 1 em dire??o concordante ao sentido do fluxo. O efeito da orografia no corredor variou de forma irregular no inverno e no ver?o, mantendo diferencial de 23% e 77% no ponto A (obstru??o de 85% da se??o transversal) e 32% e 68% , no ponto B (obstru??o de 80% da se??o transversal). Em ?reas sob influ?ncia de bacias a?reas, as vari?veis e processos ambientais podem ser determinantes para ofertar servi?os ambientais nas bacias hidrogr?ficas.

Submitted by Sandra Pereira (srpereira@ufrrj.br) on 2016-10-07T13:32:58Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2010 - Adalberto de Souza Arruda.pdf: 3235797 bytes, checksum: 3bd92899ca41e6d6e9a9babbea96cd29 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-10-07T13:32:58Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2010 - Adalberto de Souza Arruda.pdf: 3235797 bytes, checksum: 3bd92899ca41e6d6e9a9babbea96cd29 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-08-21 / This paper is the result of research accomplished with students of poultry cut, aimed to analyze the process of teaching/learning permeated by searching through practical experiments developed in laboratory of small animals of the Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology ? Campus Barreiros. To guide the development work, we used the qualitative and quantitative approaches, the qualitative was important in times of discussions, seminars and bibliographic surveys, but also provided a flexible relationship between teacher and student, while the quantitative was used in the preparation spreadsheets, charts, tables and systematization of data feed intake, feed conversion and weight gain. The research was carried out during the class period of the group of husbandry 1 in agricultural technical course in the discipline poultry cut and the practice experiment was accomplished in a period of 42 (forty two) days. We adopted an interactive approach in order to develop in students an awareness of innovative and make them able to use the science produced within the production process and the parameters of competitiveness. At the beginning of the study, was applied the initial questionnaire to diagnose the knowledge about the subject, the project proceeded with discussion and demonstration of the importance of different types of food that are part of the diets and the development of the broiler. In the second moment, was a questionnaire of final diagnosis to verify the construction of knowledge through the proposed methodology, where realized that research was instrumental in developing cognitive. This paper based on the research as a method of teaching aroused the curiosity of the student in the teaching /learning through practices carried out as a choice of local area boundaries, distribution of chicks. In addition to the questionnaires, we used the following elements: seminars, lectures and practices, technical visits, videos, library, internet and laboratories, which contributed to the formation of knowledge learned. In general, this research aimed to improve the quality of our students of professional Education Agricultural they contribute a large part in the development of family farming in our country, our state and region. This integration of teaching and research contributed to the teaching/learning process through the operationalization of curriculum connect in an integrated way, providing opportunities for students to practice the acquired knowledge to find a better opportunity to work and develop entrepreneurial activities. / Este trabalho ? resultado de uma pesquisa realizada com alunos da disciplina de Avicultura Corte, teve como objetivo analisar o processo de ensino/aprendizagem, permeado pela pesquisa atrav?s de experimentos pr?ticos desenvolvidos no laborat?rio de pequenos animais do Instituto Federal de Educa??o, Ci?ncia e Tecnologia - Campus Barreiros ? PE. Para orientar o desenvolvimento do trabalho utilizou-se as abordagens qualitativa e quantitativa, a qualitativa foi importante nos momentos de discuss?es, de levantamentos bibliogr?ficos e semin?rios, como tamb?m proporcionou um relacionamento flex?vel entre o professor pesquisador e alunos, enquanto que a quantitativa foi utilizada na elabora??o de planilhas, gr?ficos, tabelas e sistematiza??o de dados do consumo de ra??o, convers?o alimentar e ganho de peso. A pesquisa foi aplicada durante o per?odo de aulas da turma de zootecnia I do curso t?cnico em agropecu?ria na disciplina de Avicultura Corte e o experimento pr?tico realizado em um per?odo de 42 (quarenta e dois) dias. Adotou-se uma postura interativa com a finalidade de desenvolver nos alunos uma consci?ncia inovadora e torn?-los capazes de utilizar as ci?ncias produzidas dentro do processo produtivo e dos par?metros de competitividade. No in?cio da pesquisa, aplicou-se question?rio inicial para diagnosticar o conhecimento acerca do assunto, o projeto procedeu com a discuss?o e demonstra??o da import?ncia dos diferentes tipos de ra??o que fazem parte das dietas e no desenvolvimento do frango de corte. No segundo momento, foi aplicado um question?rio de diagn?stico final para verifica??o da constru??o do conhecimento atrav?s da proposta metodol?gica, onde se percebeu que a pesquisa serviu de instrumento para o desenvolvimento cognitivo. Este trabalho baseado na pesquisa como m?todo de ensino despertou a curiosidade do aluno no processo ensino/aprendizagem atrav?s das pr?ticas realizadas como: escolha de um local, delimita??o de ?rea, distribui??o de pintos. Al?m dos question?rios, utilizou-se os seguintes elementos, semin?rios, aulas te?ricas e pr?ticas, visitas t?cnicas, v?deos, biblioteca, internet e laborat?rios, os quais contribu?ram com a forma??o dos saberes aprendidos. Em geral, esta pesquisa teve o prop?sito de melhorar a qualidade dos nossos discentes da Educa??o Profissional Agr?cola, estes que contribuem com uma grande parcela no desenvolvimento da agricultura familiar do nosso pa?s, estado e nossa regi?o. Esta integra??o ensino e pesquisa contribuiu no processo ensino/aprendizagem por meio da operacionaliza??o dos conte?dos curriculares de maneira integrada, oportunizando os alunos a p?r em pr?tica os conhecimentos adquiridos, encontrar uma melhor oportunidade de trabalho e desenvolver atividades empreendedoras

Submitted by Leticia Schettini (leticia@ufrrj.br) on 2016-10-10T14:09:10Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2008 - Tatiana Oliveira da Silva.pdf: 1137658 bytes, checksum: 31af0cd49ed243269ee071f1dbf32c78 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-10-10T14:09:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2008 - Tatiana Oliveira da Silva.pdf: 1137658 bytes, checksum: 31af0cd49ed243269ee071f1dbf32c78 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-09-04 / Legumes have some characteristics which make them able to improve pasture productivity, since they act as green manure and prevent soil erosion by weather agents. They contribute, furthermore, to maintaining or increasing soil organic matter level, since they draw carbon and fix atmospheric Nitrogen, so mobilize and recycle nutrients, increasing microbiological soil activity. Considering the useful potential of these forage plants the seed dispersal of five legume species (Pueraria phaseoloides, Neonotonia wightii, Calopogonium mucunoides, Macrotyloma axillare and Stylosanthes cv. Mineir?o) through bovine feces in an established pasture of B. decumbens was studied in two trials. In the first one seeds mixed with concentrate were offered in the late afternoon to five crossbred (Holsten-Zebu) heifers weighing 250 kg. This experiment was carried out in a crop-pasture rotation system with five paddocks occupied for 4 days. Field evaluation were made from 12 to 30 hrs after seed ingestion, consisting in marking with sticks of different colors the sites of animal droppings in order to discriminate legume species. After 73 days of pasture vacancy was made the first evaluation in order to set the number of sprouts in the research field and Pueraria phaseoloides (puero) showed the best results, followed by Macrotyloma axillare (archer) and Calopogonium mucunoides (calopo). We accessed, in addition, the drought resistance after 266 days of pasture closure counting the survival legume plants in the pasture. The best performance for plant survival after dry season was observed in archer, followed by calopo. Concerning germination after the dry season of seeding made at the beginning of the experiment, best results were found by perennial soybean, despite its low results during the dry season. A second experiment was conducted using only archer seeds as they showed the best results concerning drought persistence. Five heifers were fed with 40 g of archer seeds; the animals were kept grazing for four days at the paddock in the crop-pasture system. At the first evaluation of this experiment we observed 215 archer plants in the research field. At the second evaluation the botanical composition analysis was made revealing the presence of 6,4% of the research area covered by archer plants (global mean of 380 plants). / As leguminosas possuem algumas caracter?sticas que contribuem para a produtividade do pasto, assim como a aduba??o verde, protegendo o solo dos agentes clim?ticos. Al?m disso, as leguminosas seq?estram o carbono e fixam o nitrog?nio atmosf?rico e, assim, apresentam potencial para manter ou elevar o teor de mat?ria org?nica, mobilizar e reciclar nutrientes e favorecer a atividade biol?gica do solo. Levando em considera??o o potencial ben?fico destas planta forrageiras objetivou-se avaliar a dispers?o de sementes de cinco leguminosas forrageiras tropicais (Pueraria phaseoloides, Neonotonia wightii, Calopogonium mucunoides, Macrotyloma axillare e Stylosanthes cv. Mineir?o) atrav?s das fezes de bovinos em pastagem j? estabelecida de Brachiaria decumbens. O primeiro experimento foi realizado em sistema de lota??o rotacionada, com 5 piquetes e 2 dias de ocupa??o. As sementes das cinco leguminosas foram oferecidas a cinco novilhas mesti?as (holand?s x zebu), pesando m?dia de 250 kg, misturadas ao concentrado no fim da tarde. Entre 12 e 30 horas ap?s a ingest?o das sementes era feita uma avalia??o a campo que consistia na marca??o com bambus de diversas cores do local das deje??es dos animais, diferenciando as esp?cies. Ap?s 73 dias de descanso foi realizada a primeira avalia??o quanto ao n?mero de plantas germinadas na ?rea experimental, sendo o Pueraria phaseoloides (kudzu tropical) a esp?cie que apresentou o melhor resultado, seguido pelo Macrotiloma axillare (macrotiloma) e Calopogonium mucunoides (calopog?nio). Ainda foi avaliada a persist?ncia ? seca, ap?s 266 dias de veda??o da pastagem, contabilizando o n?mero de plantas presentes no pasto. O melhor desempenho quanto ao n?mero m?dio de plantas ap?s a seca foi alcan?ado pelo macrotiloma, sendo seguida pelo calopog?nio. Quanto ? germina??o ap?s o per?odo de seca, das sementes implantadas no in?cio do experimento, o melhor resultado foi obtido pela soja perene, apesar da sua baixa contribui??o no per?odo de seca. O segundo experimento foi realizado apenas com sementes de macrotiloma devido ao bom resultado desta esp?cie quanto ? persist?ncia ? seca. Foram oferecidos a cinco novilhas 40g de sementes de macrotiloma; os animais permaneceram no piquete por 4 dias pastejando em sistema de lota??o rotacionada. Na primeira avalia??o deste experimento obteve-se uma m?dia de 215 plantas de macrotiloma na ?rea experimental. Na segunda avalia??o foi realizado o levantamento da composi??o bot?nica da pastagem, no qual o macrotiloma teve participa??o em 6,4% da ?rea experimental, com uma m?dia total de aproximadamente 380 plantas.

Submitted by Sandra Pereira (srpereira@ufrrj.br) on 2016-10-11T11:34:57Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2011 - Flavia Silva Barbosa.pdf: 2045951 bytes, checksum: 76e7cc28f174aa599f4c5b1ebca25b8d (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-10-11T11:34:57Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2011 - Flavia Silva Barbosa.pdf: 2045951 bytes, checksum: 76e7cc28f174aa599f4c5b1ebca25b8d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-05-27 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / Neoleucinodes elegantalis (Guen?e, 1854) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae), a pest of tomato production in Brazil is basically controlled with chemicals insecticides. This work was carried out with the overall objective of producing information on alternative forms to control N. elegantalis, involving genetic resistance of tomato (Chapter I) and botanical extracts from weeds (Chapter II), as well as evaluating the selectivity of these botanical extracts on adults of a predator, Coleomegilla maculata (Chapter III). In Chapter I, the objective was to evaluate eight tomato varieties (Viradoro, Nemadoro, Tospodoro, HEI36, LAI148, LAI144, LAI132 and UC82) in the field under organic management, and in laboratory conditions, to identify non- preference (antixenosis) oviposition of N. elegantalis. The assay at the field was conducted at Serop?dica, RJ, Brazil, in randomized complete block design, with eight varieties, three replications and two sampling times. The laboratory assay was conducted in a cage, in a randomized complete blocks design, with eight varieties as treatments and eight replicates (days). It was noted that N. elegantalis, at the Field, had lower preference for oviposition in the fruit variety HEI36, unlike the variety LAI148, which in laboratory conditions showed a tendency to present fewer eggs and hatched larvae. In Chapter II, the objective was to evaluate the effect of deterrence of alcoholic extracts of species of weeds Cyperus rotundus, Commelina benghalensis, Richardia brasiliensis and Euphorbia heterophylla on oviposition of N. elegantalis, at different concentrations. The assay was conducted in a laboratory with an randomized complete blocks design, whose treatments were extracts of four species at concentrations 5%, 10% and 15% (4X3 factorial) with two additional treatments: control 0% (alcohol diluted in distilled water to 15%) and absolute control (distilled water), with 8 replicates (days). Green fruits of tomato cultivar Marmande (susceptible) were sprayed with the extracts and placed in a cage containing 150 pairs of N. elegantalis. Four cages were used for concentration of all extracts. The alcoholic extract of Euphorbia heterophylla at different concentrations (5%, 10% and 15%), presented effect of deterrence on oviposition of N. elegantalis differing from the other extracts. In chapter III aimed to evaluate the selectivity of alcoholic extracts of weeds Cyperus rotundus, Commelina benghalensis, Richardia brasiliensis, Euphorbia heterophylla, in three different concentrations applied to 10 adult individuals of C. maculate, by replication. The effects of extracts on insect biological parameters were evaluated along 30 days after spraying. The trial was conducted in laboratory with a complete randomized design. Treatments was alcoholic extracts of four plant species diluted in distilled water at three concentrations (5, 10 and 15%) (4x3 factorial) with two controls, 15% alcohol and distilled water. In general, the extracts showed selectivity for the adult C. maculata treated topically, although Euphorbia heterophylla has affected the number of hatched larvae and reduced egg viability when compared with other treatments. / Neoleucinodes elegantalis (Guen?e, 1854) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae), uma das principais pragas da tomaticultura no Brasil, ? controlada basicamente com inseticidas qu?micos. O presente trabalho foi realizado com o objetivo geral de produzir informa??es sobre medidas alternativas de controle de N. elegantalis envolvendo a resist?ncia gen?tica do tomateiro (Cap?tulo I) e os extratos bot?nicos provenientes de plantas espont?neas (Cap?tulo II), bem como avaliar a seletividade desses extratos bot?nicos aos adultos de um predador, Coleomegilla maculata (Cap?tulo III). No cap?tulo I, o objetivo foi o de avaliar oito variedades de tomateiro (Viradoro, Nemadoro, Tospodoro, HEI36, LAI148, LAI144, LAI132 e UC82), em campo, sob manejo org?nico, e em condi??es de laborat?rio, para identificar a n?o-prefer?ncia (antixenose) para oviposi??o de N. elegantalis. O ensaio de campo foi conduzido na Fazendinha Agroecol?gica km 47 (Serop?dica, RJ), em delineamento em bloco ao acaso, com oito variedades, tr?s repeti??es e duas ?pocas de avalia??o. O ensaio de laborat?rio foi conduzido em gaiola, com delineamento em blocos ao acaso, tendo como tratamentos as oito variedades e oito repeti??es (dias). Observou-se em campo que N. elegantalis teve menor prefer?ncia para oviposi??o em frutos da variedade HEI36 e, em condi??es de laborat?rio, houve uma tend?ncia da variedade LAI148 em apresentar menor n?mero de ovos e de larvas eclodidas. No cap?tulo II, o objetivo foi o de avaliar o efeito de deterr?ncia dos extratos alco?licos das esp?cies de plantas espont?neas Cyperus rotundus, Commelina benghalensis, Richardia brasiliensis e Euphorbia heterophylla na oviposi??o de N. elegantalis, quando aplicados em diferentes concentra??es. O ensaio foi conduzido em laborat?rio, com delineamento experimental em blocos casualizados, tendo como tratamentos os extratos das quatro esp?cies nas concentra??es 5%, 10% e 15% (fatorial 4X3), com dois tratamentos adicionais: testemunha 0% (?lcool dilu?do em ?gua destilada a 15%) e testemunha absoluta (?gua destilada), com 8 repeti??es (dias). Frutos verdes de tomate cv. Marmande (suscept?vel) foram pulverizados com os extratos e acondicionados em gaiola contendo 150 casais de N. elegantalis. Foram utilizadas quatro gaiolas por concentra??o de todos os extratos. O extrato alco?lico de Euphorbia heterophylla nas diferentes concentra??es (5%, 10% e 15%), apresentou efeito de deterr?ncia sobre a oviposi??o de N. elegantalis diferindo dos demais extratos. No cap?tulo III, objetivou-se avaliar a seletividade dos extratos alco?licos das esp?cies de plantas espont?neas Cyperus rotundus, Commelina benghalensis, Richardia brasiliensis e Euphorbia heterophylla, em tr?s diferentes concentra??es, aplicados sobre 10 indiv?duos adultos de C. maculata, por repeti??o. Os efeitos dos extratos sobre par?metros biol?gicos dos insetos foram avaliados durante 30 dias ap?s a pulveriza??o. O ensaio foi conduzido em laborat?rio, com o delineamento inteiramente casualizado. Os tratamentos consistiram dos extratos alco?licos das quatro esp?cies bot?nicas dilu?dos em ?gua destilada em tr?s concentra??es (5, 10 e 15%) (fatorial 4x3), com duas testemunhas, ?lcool a 15% e ?gua destilada. No geral, os extratos apresentaram seletividade para os adultos de C. maculata tratados topicamente, embora a Euphorbia heterophylla (leiteiro) tenha xi afetado o n?mero de larvas eclodidas e reduzido a viabilidade dos ovos quando comparada com os demais tratamentos.