Submitted by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-02-27T13:30:34Z No. of bitstreams: 5 38.pdf: 443796 bytes, checksum: 09ce470914751a428cfc76262fcd0741 (MD5) license_url: 52 bytes, checksum: 3d480ae6c91e310daba2020f8787d6f9 (MD5) license_text: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) license.txt: 2109 bytes, checksum: aa477231e840f304454a16eb85a9235f (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-02-27T18:43:45Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 5 38.pdf: 443796 bytes, checksum: 09ce470914751a428cfc76262fcd0741 (MD5) license_url: 52 bytes, checksum: 3d480ae6c91e310daba2020f8787d6f9 (MD5) license_text: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) license.txt: 2109 bytes, checksum: aa477231e840f304454a16eb85a9235f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-02-27T18:43:45Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 5 38.pdf: 443796 bytes, checksum: 09ce470914751a428cfc76262fcd0741 (MD5) license_url: 52 bytes, checksum: 3d480ae6c91e310daba2020f8787d6f9 (MD5) license_text: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) license.txt: 2109 bytes, checksum: aa477231e840f304454a16eb85a9235f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (Capes) / Diversas esp?cies do g?nero Sida s?o importantes plantas daninhas, principalmente em pastagens e culturas anuais. O conhecimento da anatomia e morfologia ? fundamental para o controle qu?mico das plantas, bem como o estudo dos mecanismos de penetra??o dos herbicidas. Caracter?sticas morfofisiol?gicas e composi??es qu?micas est?o diretamente relacionadas ? habilidade competitiva superior das culturas. O objetivo do trabalho foi fazer uma an?lise comparativa da produ??o de mat?ria seca, ?rea foliar, quantidade de cera epicuticular e estudar a anatomia foliar de tr?s esp?cies de Sida spp., em diferentes est?dios de desenvolvimento, visando obter informa??es de poss?veis barreiras ? penetra??o de agroqu?micos al?m de outras caracter?sticas envolvidas na capacidade competitiva pelos recursos naturais. A partir de criterioso trabalho fitossociol?gico em ?reas de pastagens, observou-se maior ?ndice de valor de import?ncia para as esp?cies Sida urens, Sida spinosa e Sida rhombifolia. Essas esp?cies foram coletadas em tr?s est?dios fenol?gicos caracterizados como V1: forma??o de at? 10 folhas completamente expandidas; V2: entre 11 folhas e antes do florescimento e R: ap?s florescimento. As plantas foram cortadas rente ao solo e levadas ao laborat?rio para quantifica??o da ?rea foliar, extra??o e quantifica??o da cera epicuticular, quantifica??o da mat?ria seca da parte a?rea e trabalhos anat?micos a partir de cortes e impress?es parad?rmicas das folhas. Verificou-se, para os est?dios V2 e R, maior n?mero de folhas para a esp?cie Sida rhombifolia, seguida por S. spinosa em V2 e S. urens em R. Esses resultados foram relativamente proporcionais ? ?rea foliar para todas as esp?cies. S. spinosa na fase vegetativa produziu os maiores valores de AFE, n?o se observando diferen?as entre as esp?cies avaliadas no est?dio caracterizado por R. Para a quantidade de cera por unidade de ?rea foliar, entre as esp?cies num mesmo est?dio, verificou-se diferen?a somente na fase reprodutiva, onde S. spinosa produziu valor superior. Entre os est?dios para cada esp?cie, observou-se decr?scimo na quantidade de cera com a idade das plantas. A esp?cie Sida spinosa apresentou maior densidade estom?tica na fase R. As tr?s esp?cies apresentaram menor densidade estom?tica, maior densidade tricom?tica e parede celular mais espessa no est?dio V2. Conclui-se que as tr?s esp?cies podem ser mais tolerantes ? entrada de produtos qu?micos na fase vegetativa e a esp?cie S. spinosa pode ser mais suscept?vel na fase reprodutiva. De maneira integrada, os resultados esclarecem melhor as diferen?as de sensibilidade das esp?cies a herbicidas e em rela??o ? habilidade competitiva frente ?s diferentes plantas cultivadas. / Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Produ??o Vegetal, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2011. / ABSTRACT Several species of the genus Sida are important weeds, mainly in pastures and annual crops. The study of anatomy and morphology is essential to control chemical plants, as well as the study of mechanisms of herbicide penetration. Morphophysiological and chemical compositions are directly related to superior competitive ability of crops. The objective was to make a comparative analysis of the dry matter production, leaf area, amount of epicuticular wax and study the anatomy of three species of Sida spp. at different developmental stages in order to obtain information on possible barriers to the penetration of agrochemicals and other characteristics involved in competitive ability for resources. From phytosociological careful work in areas of pasture, there was a higher rate of importance value for species Sida urens, Sida rhombifolia and Sida spinosa. These species were collected at three growth stages V1 characterized as: training of up to 10 fully expanded leaves; V2: between 11 and leaves before flowering and R: after flowering. The plants were cut close to soil and taken to the laboratory for measurement of leaf area, wax extraction and quantification, quantification of the dry matter of shoots and anatomical works from paradermic cuts and impressions of leaves. There was, for stages V2 and R, more leaves for this species Sida rhombifolia, followed by S. spinosa in V2 and S. urens in R. These results were relatively proportional to leaf area for all species. S. spinosa in the vegetative phase produced the highest values of SLA, with no significant differences between the species assessed in stage characterized by R. For the amount of wax per unit leaf area between species in the same stadium, there was difference only in the reproductive phase, where S. spinosa produced a higher rating. Between stages for each species, there was a decrease in the amount of wax to plant age. The species Sida spinosa showed higher stomatal density in phase R. The three species had lower stomatal density, higher trichome density and thicker cell wall in the V2 stage. It is concluded that the three species may be more tolerant to input chemical species at vegetative and S. spinosa may be more susceptible in the reproductive phase. In an integrated way, the best results clarify the different sensitivity of species to herbicides and competitive ability in relation to the face of the different crops.

Submitted by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-02-27T13:30:35Z No. of bitstreams: 5 42.pdf: 653892 bytes, checksum: 123d30c3121ff209e3491b47570b7b58 (MD5) license_url: 52 bytes, checksum: 3d480ae6c91e310daba2020f8787d6f9 (MD5) license_text: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) license.txt: 2109 bytes, checksum: aa477231e840f304454a16eb85a9235f (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-02-27T18:52:05Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 5 42.pdf: 653892 bytes, checksum: 123d30c3121ff209e3491b47570b7b58 (MD5) license_url: 52 bytes, checksum: 3d480ae6c91e310daba2020f8787d6f9 (MD5) license_text: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) license.txt: 2109 bytes, checksum: aa477231e840f304454a16eb85a9235f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-02-27T18:52:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 5 42.pdf: 653892 bytes, checksum: 123d30c3121ff209e3491b47570b7b58 (MD5) license_url: 52 bytes, checksum: 3d480ae6c91e310daba2020f8787d6f9 (MD5) license_text: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) license.txt: 2109 bytes, checksum: aa477231e840f304454a16eb85a9235f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (Capes) / Funda??o de Amparo ? Pesquisa do estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG) / Objetivou-se com este trabalho avaliar a seletividade de herbicidas aplicados em p?s emerg?ncia sobre a cultura da mandioca (Manihot esculenta Crantz). Para isso, foram realizados tr?s experimentos em ambiente protegido. No primeiro, avaliou-se os efeitos de 22 princ?pios ativos aplicados aos 60 dias ap?s a brota??o das manivas sobre o crescimento inicial das plantas. Os sintomas de intoxica??o foram mais percept?veis aos 21 dias ap?s o plantio para a maioria dos herbicidas testados. Ametryn, ametryn + trifloxysulfuron-sodium, atrazine, diuron + hexazinone e sulfentrazone provocaram as maiores redu??es de mat?ria seca e causaram os maiores danos vis?veis, ao contr?rio, bentazon, fluazifop-p-butil, mesotrione e tembotrione foram os menos t?xicos ? cultura. O segundo experimento teve como objetivo avaliar a toler?ncia de cultivares de mandioca a aplica??o em p?s-emerg?ncia dos herbicidas fluazifop-p-butil e fomesafen em mistura e de forma isolada. Na primeira avalia??o de intoxica??o visual, aos 7 dias ap?s a aplica??o, sintomas mais vis?veis de intoxica??o ocorreram nas plantas de mandioca tratadas com a mistura de herbicidas e tamb?m com fomesafen de forma isolada. A mistura mostrou-se t?xica provocando redu??es na mat?ria seca foliar, mat?ria seca caulinar, mat?ria seca da parte a?rea, di?metro do caule, ?rea foliar e altura da planta das cultivares. Apesar dos elevados ?ndices de intoxica??o pelo herbicida fomesafen, n?o foi observado varia??es significativas no ac?mulo de mat?ria seca pelas cultivares. Tratamentos ? base de fluazifop-p-butil foram pouco t?xicos ? cultura promovendo resultados semelhantes aos observados para testemunha. No terceiro experimento avaliou-se a toler?ncia da mandioca ao herbicida mesotrione aplicado aos 30 dias p?s-brota??o da cultura. Os maiores valores de intoxica??o foram encontrados aos 14 e 28 DAA. O herbicida n?o afetou as vari?veis altura de planta, di?metro do caule, n?mero de folhas, ?rea foliar e ac?mulo de mat?ria seca de folha, caule, ra?zes e total. De modo geral os herbicidas bentazon, fluazifop-p-butil, mesotrione e tembotrione apresentaram elevada seletividade a mandioca. No entanto n?o se recomenda a aplica??o em p?s-emerg?ncia da mistura fluazifop-p-butil e fomesafen por provocarem elevada intoxica??o as plantas. O herbicida mesotrione causou baixa intoxica??o aos cultivares de mandioca apresentando elevado potencial para o uso nos programas de manejo de plantas daninhas na mandioca. / Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Produ??o Vegetal, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2011. / ABSTRACT The objective of this work was to evaluate the selectiveness of herbicides applied after the sprouting of cassava plants (Manihot esculenta Crantz). To this end three experiments were carried out under a greenhouse. The first experiment evaluated the effects of 22 herbicides, applied 60 days after the emergence of cassava, on the initial growth of the plants. The most visible symptoms of poisoning occurred at 21 days after planting for most products tested. Ametryn, ametryn + trifloxysulfuron-sodium, atrazine, diuron + hexazinone and sulfentrazone caused the greatest reductions in dry matter and caused major damage visible; however, bentazon, fluazifop-p-butyl, mesotrione and tembotrione were the least toxic to the culture. The second experiment aimed to evaluate the tolerance of cultivars of cassava to the post-emergence application of fluazifop-p-butyl and fomesafen in combination and isolately. In the first visual assessment of intoxication, at 7 days after application, the most visible symptoms of intoxication have been observed in the plants treated with the mixture diuron + hexazinone and fomesafen isolated. The mixture proved to be very toxic causing reductions in leaf dry matter, stem dry matters, aerial dry matter, in the stem diameter, the leaf area and the plant height. Despite high rates of poisoning by the herbicide fomesafen was not observed significant variations in dry matter accumulation by cultivars. Treatments based on fluazifop-p-butyl were less toxic to the culture, being these results similar to those observed for the control sample. In the third experiment there was evaluated the tolerance of cassava to the herbicide mesotrione applied at 30 days after the emergency culture. The highest values of poisoning were found at 14 and 28 DAA. The herbicides did not affect the variables plant height, stem diameter, leaf number, leaf area and dry matter accumulation of leaf, stem, roots and total dry matter. In general, the bentazon, the fluazifop.p.butil, and the tembotrione showed high selectivity to the culture. However, the mixture fluazifop-p-butyl + fomesafen is not recommended in post-emergence application because caused toxicity to plants. The herbicide mesotrione caused low toxicity to cassava cultivars showing high potential for use in weeds management programs for cassava.

Submitted by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-02-27T13:30:36Z No. of bitstreams: 5 49.pdf: 318996 bytes, checksum: b1b987524dc7174208b6c586eafe4621 (MD5) license_url: 52 bytes, checksum: 3d480ae6c91e310daba2020f8787d6f9 (MD5) license_text: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) license.txt: 2109 bytes, checksum: aa477231e840f304454a16eb85a9235f (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-02-27T19:13:59Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 5 49.pdf: 318996 bytes, checksum: b1b987524dc7174208b6c586eafe4621 (MD5) license_url: 52 bytes, checksum: 3d480ae6c91e310daba2020f8787d6f9 (MD5) license_text: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) license.txt: 2109 bytes, checksum: aa477231e840f304454a16eb85a9235f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-02-27T19:13:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 5 49.pdf: 318996 bytes, checksum: b1b987524dc7174208b6c586eafe4621 (MD5) license_url: 52 bytes, checksum: 3d480ae6c91e310daba2020f8787d6f9 (MD5) license_text: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) license.txt: 2109 bytes, checksum: aa477231e840f304454a16eb85a9235f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011 / A utiliza??o dos fungos ectomicorr?zicos (FEM) em plantios comerciais de eucalipto melhora a adapta??o das mudas no campo e permite um uso mais eficiente de fertilizantes. A efici?ncia de doses de inoculante de FEM em promover o crescimento, a absor??o de nutrientes, a coloniza??o ectomicorr?zica e a qualidade de mudas clonais de Eucalyptus urophylla foi avaliada em condi??es de viveiro comercial. O experimento foi realizado em delineamento inteiramente casualizado em esquema fatorial 4 x 4, com quatro doses de inoculante composto de mic?lio vegetativo incluso em gel de alginato de c?lcio (0, 5, 10 e 15 c?psulas) dos FEM Amanita muscaria isolado UFSC-Am161, Elaphomyces anthracinus (Cenococcum geophilum) isolado Amance, Pisolithus microcarpus isolado ITA-06 e Scleroderma areolatum isolado UFSC-Sc129, mais um controle n?o inoculado com 100 % da aduba??o de substrato, com quatro repeti??es. Os FEM, em geral, promoveram maior di?metro do coleto, altura da parte a?rea, massa seca da parte a?rea, coloniza??o ectomicorr?zica, teores e conte?dos foliares de N, P e K nas mudas clonais de eucalipto. O melhor crescimento e coloniza??o foram observados na maior dose de inoculante e os maiores teores e conte?do de P, N e K na dose de 10 c?psulas de inoculante. O ?ndice de qualidade de Dickson n?o foi influenciado pelos diferentes fungos e doses de inoculante. As mudas clonais de eucalipto inoculadas pelos FEM e crescidas com a metade da aduba??o de substrato, apesar de menor produ??o de massa seca, apresentaram teores e conte?dos de P e N e teor de K maiores ou iguais ?quelas crescidas com a aduba??o de substrato completa e n?o inoculadas. Apresentaram, assim, qualidade suficiente para o transplantio aos 90 dias. / Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Produ??o Vegetal, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2011. / ABSTRACT The use of ectomycorrhizal fungi (EMF) in commercial plantation of eucalyptus improves the adaptation of seedlings in farm and allows a more efficient use of fertilizers. The efficiency of doses of inoculant of EMF to promote growth, nutrients absorption, ectomycorrhizal colonization and clonal seedlings quality of Eucalyptus urophylla in commercial plant nursery were assessed on this study. The crop fertilization of the substrate of production of seedling was reduced at 50 per cent to avoid inhibitory effect of crop fertilization on ectomycorrhizal colonization. The experiment was made in completely randomized design in 4x4-factorial scheme, with four doses of inoculum compounded with vegetal mycelium impregnated by calcium-alginate gel (0, 5, 10 and 15 capsules) of EMF Amanita muscaria isolated UFSC-Am161, Elaphomyces anthracinus (Cenococcum geophilum) isolated Amance, Pisolithus microcarpus isolated ITA-06 and Scleroderma areolatum isolated UFSC-Sc129, plus a non-inoculated control with a hundred per cent of fertilization of the substrate with four repetitions. The EMF, in general, promoted bigger diameter of the base, height of aerial part, dry matter of aerial part, ectomycorrhizal colonization, concentration and leaf content of N, P and K on clonal seedling of eucalyptus. The best growth and colonization were observed at the highest dose of the inoculant and the highest levels and contents of P, N and K at a dose of 10 capsules of inoculant. The Dickson Quality Index was not influenced by different fungi and doses of inoculum. The clonal eucalyptus seedling inoculated by the EMF and that was grown with half substrate fertilization, despite of less production of dry matter, show concentration and content of P and N and concentration of K bigger or equal to those seedling that was grown with the fertilization of substrate of production of seedlings of complete and non-inoculated. They also submit sufficient quality for transplantation as early as 90 days.

Submitted by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-02-27T13:30:36Z No. of bitstreams: 5 51.pdf: 1495524 bytes, checksum: ab12c0cad31fc8f1a27104f0bc1e4e4e (MD5) license_url: 52 bytes, checksum: 3d480ae6c91e310daba2020f8787d6f9 (MD5) license_text: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) license.txt: 2109 bytes, checksum: aa477231e840f304454a16eb85a9235f (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-02-27T19:19:01Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 5 51.pdf: 1495524 bytes, checksum: ab12c0cad31fc8f1a27104f0bc1e4e4e (MD5) license_url: 52 bytes, checksum: 3d480ae6c91e310daba2020f8787d6f9 (MD5) license_text: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) license.txt: 2109 bytes, checksum: aa477231e840f304454a16eb85a9235f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-02-27T19:19:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 5 51.pdf: 1495524 bytes, checksum: ab12c0cad31fc8f1a27104f0bc1e4e4e (MD5) license_url: 52 bytes, checksum: 3d480ae6c91e310daba2020f8787d6f9 (MD5) license_text: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) license.txt: 2109 bytes, checksum: aa477231e840f304454a16eb85a9235f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (Capes) / Funda??o de Amparo ? Pesquisa do estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG) / A baixa oferta de mudas sadias e com qualidade tem sido um obst?culo para o crescimento da abacaxicultura no Brasil. A forma??o de mudas provenientes da cultura de tecidos vem sendo apontada como a possibilidade de se obter alta quantidade de mudas e assegurar a sanidade das mesmas. Por?m, na micropropaga??o, as mudas necessitam de um per?odo de aclimatiza??o, o que aumenta o tempo para a sua forma??o. A utiliza??o de fungos micorr?zicos pode ser a alternativa na redu??o do tempo de produ??o de mudas, porque eles podem otimizar o sistema radicular na absor??o de ?gua e nutrientes. Ap?s o plantio das mudas em campo, o manejo de plantas daninhas ? uma pr?tica indispens?vel na abacaxicultura, visto que as esp?cies competidoras apresentam r?pido crescimento e interferem negativamente no crescimento da planta. Entre os m?todos de controle, a aplica??o de herbicidas tem sido o mais utilizado, por se tratar de uma pr?tica eficiente e que n?o danifica o sistema radicular da cultura. Diante disso, esta pesquisa foi realizada com objetivo de avaliar a associa??o do fungo Piriformospora indica com mudas de abacaxizeiro micropropagadas em cultivo com a aplica??o de herbicidas em pr?-emerg?ncia e determinar o crescimento e a absor??o de nutrientes das mudas micorrizadas. Avaliou-se o crescimento in vitro de fungo P. indica em meio de cultura com aplica??o dos herbicidas ametryn, diuron e sulfentrazone. Posteriormente, as mudas micropropagadas de abacaxizeiro foram inoculadas com fungo P. indica e plantadas em substrato tratado com os herbicidas ametryn, diuron e sulfentrazone. Avaliaram-se a coloniza??o micorr?zica, a fluoresc?ncia da clorofila a, os teores de nutrientes foliares e o crescimento das mudas. Os dados foram submetidos ? an?lise de vari?ncia, regress?o polinomial e compara??o de m?dias, a 5% de probabilidade. No cultivo in vitro, o diuron inibiu o crescimento do fungo P. indica em todas as doses testadas. O ametryn, at? a dose equivalente a 2,48 L ha-1 e o sulfentrazone, at? a dose 1,6 L ha-1, n?o interferiram no crescimento do fungo P. indica. Foi observada a associa??o do P. indica com as mudas de abacaxizeiro ?Imperial? com a aplica??o de todos os herbicidas. As mudas associadas com o fungo apresentaram maiores teores de nutrientes e crescimento. A aplica??o dos herbicidas em doses elevadas interferiu no crescimento e na absor??o de nutrientes pelas mudas de abacaxizeiro micorrizadas. / Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Produ??o Vegetal, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2013. / ABSTRACT Glycerin is a residue of the biodiesel industry, output from the process of vegetable oil transesterification of triglycerides in basic catalyst that will lead to economic, social and environmental impacts due to increased production of biodiesel in Brazil. The objective of this study was to evaluate the application of glycerin, a biodiesel industry waste, came from vegetable oil transesterification of triglycerides by potassium hydroxide catalyst (KOH) as a source of potassium ("K glycerin") on productivity and nutrition of soybeans and on chemical and microbiological characteristics of the soil. Two experiments were conducted under field conditions in a Oxisol (Typic) soil type, at Curvelo, Minas Gerais state, Brazil, and another in the village of Diamantina, Minas Gerais state in a sand soil type (NQ). The experimental design was randomized blocks with four replications. The treatments were three doses of "glycerin K 'corresponding to 50, 100 and 200% of recommended dose of Potassium for soybean and 100% of the dose recommended in the form of KCl and K2SO4 and a treatment without application of K. The recommended dose of K2O were 120 and 80 kg ha -1 for NQ and Oxisoil, respectively. There has been carried out chemical analysis of soil (pH, P, K, Ca, Mg, Al, Al + H, CO, SO4-2) in the soybean harvest and microbiological analysis (microbial basal respiration (BR), microbial biomass carbon (CBM) and metabolic quotient (OKQ (2)) soil at two times (early emergence and soybean harvest) and soybean yield and foliar concentrations of nutrients in the flowering of soybeans. Soybean yield increased with the application of "glycerin K" when the availability of K in the soil was limited, and although lower than the mineral sources of K, it supplied in part the soybeans need for K. The soil microbiota tended to balance at the end of the cycle of soybeans with application of "glycerin K", thus not causing adverse effects on crop and soil. The "glycerin K" does not cause environmental problems to the place where it was applied, but studies are needed to evaluate its long-term use to better understand the dynamics of soil and crop productivity.

Submitted by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-02-27T13:30:36Z No. of bitstreams: 5 53.pdf: 1117552 bytes, checksum: 395c167eeb020b0e41952ad47110078c (MD5) license_url: 52 bytes, checksum: 3d480ae6c91e310daba2020f8787d6f9 (MD5) license_text: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) license.txt: 2109 bytes, checksum: aa477231e840f304454a16eb85a9235f (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-02-27T19:23:07Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 5 53.pdf: 1117552 bytes, checksum: 395c167eeb020b0e41952ad47110078c (MD5) license_url: 52 bytes, checksum: 3d480ae6c91e310daba2020f8787d6f9 (MD5) license_text: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) license.txt: 2109 bytes, checksum: aa477231e840f304454a16eb85a9235f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-02-27T19:23:07Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 5 53.pdf: 1117552 bytes, checksum: 395c167eeb020b0e41952ad47110078c (MD5) license_url: 52 bytes, checksum: 3d480ae6c91e310daba2020f8787d6f9 (MD5) license_text: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) license.txt: 2109 bytes, checksum: aa477231e840f304454a16eb85a9235f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010 / Funda??o de Amparo ? Pesquisa do estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG) / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (Capes) / A cafeicultura a partir dos anos 80 expandiu-se para solos muito intemperizados e pobres em nutrientes, o que requer aplica??o de elevadas quantidades de fertilizantes, principalmente os fosfatados, al?m disso, passou a ser necess?rio se adicionar micronutrientes. Existem compostos hidrossol?veis como o ?cido c?trico, que s?o capazes de formar complexos com Cu, Fe, Zn e Mn e favorecer sua difus?o no solo, solubilizar fosfatos de Fe e Al de baixa solubilidade em solos ?cidos pobres em P, aumentando a disponibilidade de P pelo bloqueio dos s?tios de adsor??o. Diante do intemperismo em solo de cafeeiro e da a??o positiva do ?cido c?trico na libera??o de nutrientes no mesmo, faz-se necess?rio conhecer os reais efeitos desse ?cido org?nico em cafeeiros jovens e em produ??o. Para isso, foram realizados tr?s experimentos visando avaliar o crescimento, estado nutricional e produtividade do cafeeiro, em tr?s est?dios de desenvolvimento da planta. O primeiro experimento, visando avaliar o crescimento, qualidade e o teor nutricional de mudas de caf? cultivar Catua? Vermelho IAC 99 submetidas ? aplica??o de ?cido c?trico e concentra??es de f?sforo no substrato, utilizou-se do esquema fatorial (4x4), sendo o primeiro fator referente ? aplica??o de ?cido c?trico (0, 1, 2 e 4 kg ha-1) e o segundo referente ?s doses de f?sforo (0, 450, 900 e 1800 g P2O5 m-3) aplicadas no substrato. A aplica??o de 1 a 2 kg ha-1 de ?cido c?trico foi a que mais influenciou positivamente o crescimento e a qualidade das mudas sobre a dose de f?sforo padr?o de 900 g P2O5 m-3 no substrato. Houve aumento nos teores foliares de Ca, N, P, S, Cu, Fe e Zn nas doses de 1,6 a 4,0 kg ha-1de ?cido c?trico na aus?ncia de f?sforo. No segundo experimento, realizado em casa de vegeta??o, foram tratadas com quatro doses de ?cido c?trico (0, 1, 2 e 4 kg ha-1) na presen?a e aus?ncia de aduba??o fosfatada de plantio de cafeeiros da cultivar Catua? Vermelho IAC 99. As doses entre 1,0 a 2,0 kg ha-1 de ?cido c?trico contribuem para o crescimento de cafeeiros at? 75 dias ap?s aplica??o (DAA) sem o uso de aduba??o fosfatada na cova. Na presen?a de aduba??o fosfatada de plantio as dosagens de ?cido c?trico utilizadas n?o contribuem para o crescimento e melhoria das plantas. A aplica??o de ?cido c?trico influencia nos teores foliares do cafeeiro independentemente da aduba??o fosfatada no plantio. O terceiro experimento foi conduzido em campo utilizando-se a cultivar Catua? Vermelho IAC 44 com sete anos, implantada no espa?amento 3,8 x 0,7m. Os tratamentos constitu?ram-se de quatro doses de ?cido c?trico (0, 1, 2 e 4 kg ha-1) aplicados em dose ?nica anualmente na proje??o da saia. A produ??o de caf? foi influenciada positivamente quando se adicionou 1,2 e 2,4 kg ha-1 de ?cido c?trico para 90% da m?xima e a m?xima produ??o, com incrementos de 14,5 e 27,2% em produtividades, respectivamente. A aplica??o do produto no solo aumentou a absor??o de P, K, Ca, Mg, Cu, Fe, Mn e Zn, refletindo em maiores teores foliares destes nutrientes. As faixas cr?ticas dos nutrientes nas folhas em fun??o das doses aplicadas de ?cido c?trico, sendo estas: 0,14-0,15 dag kg-1 para P; 3,12-3,21dag kg-1 para K; 1,14-1,18 dag kg-1 para Ca; 0,16-0,18 dag kg-1 para Mg; 0,27-0,23 dag kg-1 para S; 61,8-57,4 mg kg-1 para B; 48,1-55,8 mg kg-1 para Cu; 86,3-91,6 mg kg-1 para Fe; 87,8-93,6 mg kg-1 para Mn; 49,1-60,0 mg kg-1 para Zn. / Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Produ??o Vegetal, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2010. / ABSTRACT The coffee from the 80 expanded to highly weathered soils and nutrient-poor, which requires application of high amounts of fertilizers, especially phosphorus, in addition, it has become necessary to add micronutrients. There are water soluble compounds such as citric acid, which are capable of forming complexes with Cu, Fe, Zn and Mn and encourage its distribution in the soil, solubilizing iron and aluminum phosphates of low solubility in acidic soils of poor P, increasing the availability of P blocking of the adsorption sites. Before the weathering in the soil of coffee and the positive action of citric acid in the release of nutrients in it, it is necessary to know the real effects of this organic acid in young and coffee production. For this, experiments were carried out to evaluate the growth, nutritional status and productivity of coffee plants, three stages of plant development. The first experiment to evaluate the growth, quality and nutritional content of seedlings of Catua? Vermelho (IAC-99) submitted the application of citric acid and phosphorus concentrations in the substrate, it was used the factorial scheme (4x4), the first factor related the application of citric acid (0, 1, 2 and 4 kg ha-1) and the second referring to the phosphorus levels (0, 450, 900 and 1800 g m-3 P2O5) applied on the substrate. The application 1-2 kg ha-1 of citric acid was the most positively influenced the growth and the quality of seedlings on the phosphorus pattern P2O5 900 g m-3 to the substrate. There was an increase in leaf Ca, N, P, S, Cu, Fe and Zn in doses from 1.6 to 4.0 kg ha-1 from citric acid in the absence of phosphorus. In the second experiment conducted under greenhouse conditions, were treated with four doses of citric acid (0, 1, 2 and 4 kg ha-1) in the presence and absence of phosphate fertilizers planting of coffee trees, IAC 99. Doses from 1.0 to 2.0 kg ha-1 of citric acid contribute to the growth of trees up to 75th days after application (DAA) without the use of phosphate fertilizer in the hole. In the presence of phosphate fertilizers planting dosage of citric acid used does not contribute to the growth and improvement of plants. The application of citric acid influence on foliar coffee regardless of phosphorus fertilization. The third experiment was conducted in the field using the IAC 44 with seven years, implemented in 3.8 x 0.7 m spacing. The treatments consisted of four doses of citric acid (0, 1, 2 and 4 kg ha-1) applied in a single dose under side of the plant. Coffee production was positively affected when added 1.2 and 2.4 kg ha-1 of citric acid for 90% of the maximum and the maximum yield, with increases of 14.5 and 27.2% yields, respectively. The application of the product in the soil increased the uptake of P, K, Ca, Mg, Cu, Fe, Mn and Zn, reflecting higher levels of foliar nutrients. The critical ranges of nutrients in the leaves as a function of the applied doses of citric acid, which are: 0.14 to 0.15 dag kg-1 for P, 3.12 to 3.21 dag kg-1 for K, 1.14 - 1.18 dag kg-1 for Ca, 0.16 to 0.18 dag kg-1 for Mg, 0.27 to 0.23 dag kg-1 for S, 61.8 to 57.4 mg kg-1 for B, 48.1 to 55.8 mg kg-1 for Cu, 86.3 to 91.6 mg kg-1 for Fe, 87.8 to 93.6 mg kg-1 for Mn, 49.1 to 60, 0 mg kg-1 for Zn.

Submitted by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-02-27T13:30:36Z No. of bitstreams: 5 56.pdf: 791377 bytes, checksum: c41d5cc599b9d598db4f95f5b13e71c4 (MD5) license_url: 52 bytes, checksum: 3d480ae6c91e310daba2020f8787d6f9 (MD5) license_text: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) license.txt: 2109 bytes, checksum: aa477231e840f304454a16eb85a9235f (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-02-27T19:24:53Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 5 56.pdf: 791377 bytes, checksum: c41d5cc599b9d598db4f95f5b13e71c4 (MD5) license_url: 52 bytes, checksum: 3d480ae6c91e310daba2020f8787d6f9 (MD5) license_text: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) license.txt: 2109 bytes, checksum: aa477231e840f304454a16eb85a9235f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-02-27T19:24:53Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 5 56.pdf: 791377 bytes, checksum: c41d5cc599b9d598db4f95f5b13e71c4 (MD5) license_url: 52 bytes, checksum: 3d480ae6c91e310daba2020f8787d6f9 (MD5) license_text: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) license.txt: 2109 bytes, checksum: aa477231e840f304454a16eb85a9235f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico (CNPq) / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (Capes)/MEC / Funda??o de Amparo ? Pesquisa do estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG) / Funda??o Diamantinense de Apoio ao Ensino, Pesquisa e Extens?o (FUNDAEPE) / O trabalho teve os objetivos de comparar a efetividade de linhagens melhoradas de tomateiro, ricas em acila??cares (AA), zingibereno (ZGB) ou 2-tridecanona (2-TD), quanto aos n?veis de resist?ncia ? mosca-branca (Bemisia argentifolii) e verificar se a sele??o de linhagens com base em sua densidade de tricomas glandulares ? efetiva no sentido de promover n?veis satisfat?rios de resist?ncia a esse inseto. Essas linhagens foram obtidas atrav?s de sucessivos retrocruzamentos em tomateiro Solanum lycopersicum, a partir do cruzamento interespec?fico S. lycopersicum x S. habrochaites var. glabratum 'PI 1344171'. Linhagens ricas em AA (TOM-687), ZGB (ZGB-703) e 2-TD (TOM-622) foram testadas para os n?veis de resist?ncia ? Bemisia argentifolii. Duas linhagens de tomateiro (TOM-584 e TOM-679), com n?vel normal dos tr?s aleloqu?micos, e o acesso selvagem (PI 134417), alto teor de 2-TD, foram utilizados como testemunhas. TOM-687, ZGB-703 e TOM-622 mostraram diminui??es significativas na ovoposi??o e na contagem de ninfas depois de 23 dias ap?s infesta??o, quando comparadas com os controles TOM-584 e TOM-679. Todas as tr?s linhagens ricas nos aleloqu?micos mostraram n?veis de resist?ncia ? praga, relativamente aos controles, e n?o deferiram significativamente entre si nos n?veis de resist?ncia. Os resultados mostram que linhagens de tomateiro ricas em AA, ZGB e 2-TD s?o eficazes alternativas de sele??o indireta para cria??o de resist?ncia ? Bemisia argentifolii. Todas as linhagens selecionadas para maior densidade de tricomas, exceto BPX-365F-751-05-01-03, apresentaram n?meros m?dios de ninfas inferiores aos das testemunhas suscet?veis (TOM-584, TOM-679), indicando que a sele??o para maior n?mero de tricomas glandulares foi efetiva no sentido de promover algum aumento dos n?veis de resist?ncia ? mosca-branca / Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Produ??o Vegetal, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2011. / ABSTRACT The study had two objectives compare the levels of whitefly resistance of improved tomato lines rich in acylsugars (AS), zingiberene (ZGB) or 2-tridecanona (2-TD), and check whether the selection of strains based on their density of glandular trichomes is effective in promoting satisfactory levels of resistance to whitefly. These strains were obtained by successive backcrossing to tomato Solanum lycopersicum from the interspecific cross S. lycopersicum x S. habrochaites var. glabratum 'PI 1344171'. Lines rich in AS (TOM-687), ZGB (ZGB-703) or 2-TD (TOM-622) were tested for levels of resistance to Bemisia argentifolii. Two lines (TOM-584 and TOM-679) with normal levels of all three allelochemicals, and the wild accession PI 134417 (AS-rich), were used as checks. TOM-622, ZGB-703 and TOM-622 showed decreased ovopositioning and lower number of nymphs 23 days after infestation, when compared to the checks TOM-584 and TOM-679. All three strains rich in allelochemicals showed higher levels of pest resistance, than the cheches, but did not differ significanthy from each, and either reject significantly among themselves in resistance other in their levels of resistance. The results show that strains of tomato rich in AA, ZGB or 2-TD are effective alternatives to direct selection for resistance to Bemisia argentifolii. All the strains selected for greater trichome density except BPX-365F-751-05-01-03, showed number of nymphs lover than the susceptible checks (TOM-584, TOM-679), indicating that selection towards higher glandular trichome densites was effective in promoting increased in levels of resistance to the whitefly.

Submitted by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-02-27T13:30:37Z No. of bitstreams: 5 license_url: 52 bytes, checksum: 3d480ae6c91e310daba2020f8787d6f9 (MD5) license_text: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) license.txt: 2109 bytes, checksum: aa477231e840f304454a16eb85a9235f (MD5) 58.pdf: 746870 bytes, checksum: a321db5fb286c277e81d8737f1744991 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-02-27T19:33:17Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 5 license_url: 52 bytes, checksum: 3d480ae6c91e310daba2020f8787d6f9 (MD5) license_text: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) license.txt: 2109 bytes, checksum: aa477231e840f304454a16eb85a9235f (MD5) 58.pdf: 746870 bytes, checksum: a321db5fb286c277e81d8737f1744991 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-02-27T19:33:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 5 license_url: 52 bytes, checksum: 3d480ae6c91e310daba2020f8787d6f9 (MD5) license_text: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) license.txt: 2109 bytes, checksum: aa477231e840f304454a16eb85a9235f (MD5) 58.pdf: 746870 bytes, checksum: a321db5fb286c277e81d8737f1744991 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico (CNPq) / O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar os efeitos da aplica??o de glicerina proveniente da transesterifica??o de triglicer?deos de ?leo vegetal por catalisador b?sico KOH como fonte de pot?ssio (?glicerina pot?ssica?), na produtividade e na nutri??o da soja e atributos qu?micos e microbiol?gicos do solo. Foram realizados quatro experimentos, sendo dois em condi??es de campo, em Diamantina e Curvelo no estado de Minas Gerais em dois tipos de solo: Neossolo Quartzar?nico ?rtico t?pico (NQ) e Latossolo Vermelho distr?fico (LVd), respectivamente; e os outros dois experimentos em casa de vegeta??o em Diamantina, com os mesmos dois solos. Os tratamentos foram tr?s doses de ?glicerina pot?ssica? correspondentes 50, 100 e 200 % da dose recomendada de K para a soja e 100 % da dose recomendada de K na forma de cloreto de pot?ssio (KCl) e sulfato de pot?ssio (K2SO4) e um tratamento sem aplica??o de K (Controle). Realizou-se a an?lise qu?mica do solo (pH, P, K, Ca, Mg, Al, H + Al, CO e SO4-2) na colheita da soja e microbiol?gica (respira??o microbiana basal (RB), carbono da biomassa microbiana (CBM) e quociente metab?lico (qCO2)) do solo no in?cio da emerg?ncia das sementes e colheita da soja e os teores foliares dos nutrientes no florescimento da soja nos quatro experimentos, a produtividade da soja nos experimentos de campo e a produ??o por vaso e mat?ria seca nos experimentos na casa de vegeta??o. A produtividade no experimento de campo apresentou diferen?a apenas no NQ, devido ao teor baixo de K no in?cio do per?odo experimental, diferentemente do LVd que apresentava teor m?dio, enquanto no experimento na casa de vegeta??o a ?glicerina pot?ssica? promoveu produ??o de gr?os igual ao do KCl, por?m abaixo de K2SO4 e n?o proporcionou aumento na mat?ria seca da parte a?rea da soja em compara??o ?s outras fontes inorg?nicas (KCl e K2SO4). Na parte qu?mica do solo no experimento de campo a ?glicerina pot?ssica? aumentou os teores de K em ambos os solos, por?m n?o alterando os demais atributos e o estado nutricional da soja, o ?glicerina pot?ssica? supriu parte do K quando este era limitante no solo e no experimento na casa de vegeta??o a ?glicerina pot?ssica? proporcionou aumento nos teores de K no solo e nos teores foliares de K e S na soja cultivada no NQ. O efeito sobre a microbiota do solo do experimento de campo foi vari?vel, sendo que na primeira avalia??o foi alta e na ?ltima estes valores diminu?ram, mostrando que o meio ? capaz de consumir a ?glicerina pot?ssica? e os fertilizantes minerais (KCl e K2SO4). No experimento de casa de vegeta??o, a ?glicerina pot?ssica? ao final do per?odo experimental apresentou tend?ncia de se equilibrar no solo NQ e chegando ao equil?brio no LVd na atividade microbiol?gica do solo. Por?m s?o necess?rios estudos para avaliar a utiliza??o da glicerina pot?ssica em longo prazo para entender melhor a din?mica deste no solo. / Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Produ??o Vegetal, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2011. / ABSTRACT Glycerin is a residue of the biodiesel industry, output from the process of vegetable oil transesterification of triglycerides in basic catalyst that will lead to economic, social and environmental impacts due to increased production of biodiesel in Brazil. The objective of this study was to evaluate the application of glycerin, a biodiesel industry waste, came from vegetable oil transesterification of triglycerides by potassium hydroxide catalyst (KOH) as a source of potassium ("K glycerin") on productivity and nutrition of soybeans and on chemical and microbiological characteristics of the soil. Two experiments were conducted under field conditions in a Oxisol (Typic) soil type, at Curvelo, Minas Gerais state, Brazil, and another in the village of Diamantina, Minas Gerais state in a sand soil type (NQ). The experimental design was randomized blocks with four replications. The treatments were three doses of "glycerin K 'corresponding to 50, 100 and 200% of recommended dose of Potassium for soybean and 100% of the dose recommended in the form of KCl and K2SO4 and a treatment without application of K. The recommended dose of K2O were 120 and 80 kg ha -1 for NQ and Oxisoil, respectively. There has been carried out chemical analysis of soil (pH, P, K, Ca, Mg, Al, Al + H, CO, SO4-2) in the soybean harvest and microbiological analysis (microbial basal respiration (BR), microbial biomass carbon (CBM) and metabolic quotient (OKQ (2)) soil at two times (early emergence and soybean harvest) and soybean yield and foliar concentrations of nutrients in the flowering of soybeans. Soybean yield increased with the application of "glycerin K" when the availability of K in the soil was limited, and although lower than the mineral sources of K, it supplied in part the soybeans need for K. The soil microbiota tended to balance at the end of the cycle of soybeans with application of "glycerin K", thus not causing adverse effects on crop and soil. The "glycerin K" does not cause environmental problems to the place where it was applied, but studies are needed to evaluate its long-term use to better understand the dynamics of soil and crop productivity.

Submitted by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-02-27T13:30:37Z No. of bitstreams: 5 63.pdf: 608811 bytes, checksum: 0b8fbde661633ab83210b52bdc12bee7 (MD5) license_url: 52 bytes, checksum: 3d480ae6c91e310daba2020f8787d6f9 (MD5) license_text: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) license.txt: 2109 bytes, checksum: aa477231e840f304454a16eb85a9235f (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-02-27T19:44:32Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 5 63.pdf: 608811 bytes, checksum: 0b8fbde661633ab83210b52bdc12bee7 (MD5) license_url: 52 bytes, checksum: 3d480ae6c91e310daba2020f8787d6f9 (MD5) license_text: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) license.txt: 2109 bytes, checksum: aa477231e840f304454a16eb85a9235f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-02-27T19:44:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 5 63.pdf: 608811 bytes, checksum: 0b8fbde661633ab83210b52bdc12bee7 (MD5) license_url: 52 bytes, checksum: 3d480ae6c91e310daba2020f8787d6f9 (MD5) license_text: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) license.txt: 2109 bytes, checksum: aa477231e840f304454a16eb85a9235f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (Capes) / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico (CNPq) / Objetivou-se, com este trabalho, selecionar gen?tipos de batata-doce com potencial de utiliza??o na alimenta??o animal. Foram avaliados a produtividade de ramas e efeito do emuchecimento sobre a composi??o bromatol?gica e a capacidade fermentativa das ramas de batata-doce, utilizando-se arranjo fatorial 7x2 (gen?tipos X ramas emurchecidas ou n?o), delineamento em blocos ao acaso, com 4 repeti??es. Os gen?tipos diferiram quanto ? PMS e teores de MS, FDN, FDA, CEL, LIG, CS, NIDA e CIN. O emurchecimento promoveu aumento nos teores de MS, PB, NIDA e componentes fibrosos e redu??o nos teores de carboidrato sol?vel, tornando as ramas emurchecidas de pior qualidade. N?o foi observado efeito do emurchecimento sobre a capacidade fermentativa das ramas in natura e emurchecidas. Os gen?tipos BD-25, BD-08 e BD-23, apresentaram produtividades superiores a 7,0 t ha-1, enquanto, o gen?tipo BD-43, apresentou baixos teores de FDA. Al?m dessas caracter?sticas, foram avaliadas a composi??o bromatol?gicas e a popula??o de microrganismos das silagens de batata-doce inoculadas ou n?o, por meio de arranjo fatorial 5x2 (gen?tipos x inoculante ou n?o). As silagens obtidas com os diferentes gen?tipos diferiram quanto aos teores de FDA, HEM e valores de pH. A utiliza??o de inoculante n?o promoveu altera??es na popula??o de microrganismos e nem nas caracter?sticas bromatol?gicas das silagens, exceto para o valor de pH. De maneira geral, a silagem produzida por todos os gen?tipos avaliados apresenta boa caracter?stica nutricional, entretanto, a silagem do gen?tipo BD-43 se destacou, apresentando baixos teores de FDA. / Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Produ??o Vegetal, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2012. / ABSTRACT The objective of this work was to select sweet potato genotypes with potential for use in animal feed. The vine?s yield and wilting effect on the chemical composition and fermentative capacity of the sweet potatoes? vines have been evaluated, using a 7x2 factorial arrangement (genotypes ?X? vines wilted or not), a randomized block design with four replications. Genotypes differed on the SMP and DM, NDF, ADF, CEL, LIG, CS, NIDA and CIN contents. Wilting promoted an increase in DM, CP, NIDA and fibrous components and reduction in levels of soluble carbohydrates, making wilted vines of poorer quality. There was not observed effect of wilting on the fermentative ability of in natura or wilted vines. Genotypes BD-25, BD-08 and BD-23, had yields higher than 7.0 t ha-1, while the genotype BD-43, showed low levels of ADF. Besides these features, There have been analyzed the chemical-bromatological composition of the microbial population of sweet potato silage inoculated or not by means of a factorial arrangement 5x2 (genotype ?x? with or without inoculation). The silages with different genotypes differ in ADF, HEM, and pH values. The use of inoculum did not change the microbial population and the characteristics or nutritive value of silages, except for the pH value. In general, the silage produced by all genotypes has good nutritional characteristics, however, the silage genotype BD-43 stood out, showing low levels of ADF.

Submitted by Sandra Pereira (srpereira@ufrrj.br) on 2017-05-30T16:47:40Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2010 - Ang?lica Lago Carvalho.pdf: 1462541 bytes, checksum: 0bad0a5867f1b6bcdb7804d79a8636b3 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-05-30T16:47:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2010 - Ang?lica Lago Carvalho.pdf: 1462541 bytes, checksum: 0bad0a5867f1b6bcdb7804d79a8636b3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-09-02 / The present study aimed to provide information about the larval rearing of three species commercially harvested crabs in Brazil. Foremost was evaluated the influence of salinity on larval survival of U. cordatus, C. guanhumi and G. cruentata early stage of development, and subsequently the influence of diet on the early development of larvae of U. cordatus in laboratory. The ovigerous females used to obtain larvae of U. cordatus and C. guanhumi were collected in Barra de Guaratiba?s (RJ) mangrove and the females of G. cruentata in Itacuru???s mangrove. In the first stage was evaluated the influence of different salinity levels during early development in relation to the percentage and the survival time of larvae in the absence of food. The survival of larvae of U. cordatus was not affected by salinity levels tested, but the percentage of molt to the zoea II stage showed significant differences between treatments, the best result in salinity 28. For the larvae of C. guanhumi and G. cruentata was observed that survival was affected by different salinity levels, and had better results in salinity 25 and 33, respectively. For the period without food, it was observed that the nutritional reserve is not sufficient for complete development of larvae, in all species occurred total mortality of larvae prior to metamorphosis to megalopa. In the second stage four types of food were tested in the early development of U. cordatus larvae, it was observed that food influenced both the survival and larval development, with better survival in the treatment that was administered microalgae Nannochloropsis oculata and the best rates of molt were obtained in three treatments, N. oculata, Tetraselmis chuii and rotifers, Brachionus plicatilis. / O presente estudo teve como objetivo fornecer informa??es que possam auxiliar na viabiliza??o da larvicultura de tr?s esp?cies de caranguejos explorados comercialmente no Brasil. Primeiramente foi avaliada a influ?ncia da salinidade sobre a sobreviv?ncia das larvas de U. cordatus, C. guanhumi e G. cruentata no est?gio inicial de desenvolvimento, e posteriormente a influ?ncia da alimenta??o no desenvolvimento inicial das larvas de U. cordatus, em laborat?rio. As f?meas ov?geras utilizadas para obten??o das larvas de U. cordatus e C. guanhumi foram coletadas no manguezal de Barra de Guaratiba ? RJ e as f?meas de G. cruentata no manguezal de Itacuru??. Na primeira etapa do estudo foi avaliada a influ?ncia de diferentes n?veis de salinidade durante o desenvolvimento inicial, em rela??o ? porcentagem e o tempo de sobreviv?ncia das larvas na aus?ncia de alimento. A sobreviv?ncia das larvas de U. cordatus n?o foi influenciada pelos n?veis de salinidade testadas, por?m a porcentagem de muda para a fase de zoea II apresentou diferen?a significativa entre os tratamentos, sendo obtido o melhor resultado na salinidade 28. Para as larvas de C. guanhumi e G. cruentata foi observada que a sobreviv?ncia foi afetada pelos diferentes n?veis de salinidade, sendo obtido melhores resultados em salinidades 25 e 33, respectivamente. Em rela??o ao per?odo sem alimento, foi observado que a reserva nutricional n?o ? suficiente para o completo desenvolvimento das larvas, pois ocorreu mortalidade total das larvas em todas as esp?cies, antes da metamorfose para megalopa. Na segunda etapa foram testados quatro tipos de alimento na fase inicial de desenvolvimento das larvas de U. cordatus, verificando-se que a alimenta??o influenciou tanto a sobreviv?ncia quanto o desenvolvimento larval. A melhor sobreviv?ncia foi obtida no tratamento em que foi administrada a microalga Nannochloropsis oculata e as melhores taxas de muda foram obtidas em tr?s tratamentos, com Nannochloropsis oculata; com Tetraselmis chuii e com rot?feros, Brachionus plicatilis.

Submitted by Celso Magalhaes (celsomagalhaes@ufrrj.br) on 2017-06-05T12:33:11Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2008 - Eduardo Souza do Nascimento.pdf: 908640 bytes, checksum: 9ef6676bfe61693ebdd09c1f2b50590f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-06-05T12:33:11Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2008 - Eduardo Souza do Nascimento.pdf: 908640 bytes, checksum: 9ef6676bfe61693ebdd09c1f2b50590f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-09-19 / The experiment aimed to analyse the effects of the level of lysine in the ration on performance, carcass characteristics and economic indicators of broilers raised in a free-range system in the periods ranging 35 to 70 and from 35 to 84 days age. The experimental design was the completely randomised with five tretments and four repetitions of 15 broilers each. The treatments were constituted of the values of 0.680; 0.840; 1.000; 1.160 and 1.320% of total of lysine in the ration (0.586; 0.746; 0.906; 1.066 and 1.226% of digestible lysine). In the period form 35 to 70 days age the levels of lysine influenced the final live weight of the broilers and it was estimated the level in 1.130% which would afford the best final live weight (2630g). The level of 1.135% of lysine in the ration would result in a bigger gain of weight (1641g). The broilers presented a linear growth in the ration consumption and linear reduction in the efficiency of of lysine utilization with the increase of the lysine levels in the ration. It was estimated a value of 1.046% of total lysine (0,952% of diestible lysine) which would result in a best feed: gain ratio (2.98). In the period from 35 to 84 days age the following values were estimated: 1.189% of total lysine (1.095% of diestible lysine) to bigger live weight (3211g), 1.196% of total lysine (1.102% of diestible lysine) to bigger gain of weight (2220g) and 1.078% of total lysine (0.984% of diestible lysine) to best feed: gain ratio (3,28).The increasing levels of lysine in the ration resulted in a linear increase in the ingestion of lysine and linear reduction in the efficiency lysine utilization. In relation to the carcass characteristics of broilers slaughtered at 70 days age, quadractic effects on the live weight after fasting and on the absolute weight of the hot carcass, abdominal fat, breast, thigh+drumstick and wing were observed. The studied levels of lysine influenced quadracticly the yield of breast and back and the relative weight of abdominal fat and gizzard. The levels of lysine influenced quadracticly the breast and back yield and the relative weight of the abdominal fat and gizzard. Linear increases in the absolute weight of the back, heart, liver, cecos and feet and linear reduction in the absolute weight of the proventricle and in the relative weight of the small intestine were observed. In the period from 35 to 84 days age quadractic effects on the absolute weight of the hot carcass, carcass yield, breast thigh+drumstick and back, in the heart and in the small intestine were observed. Linear increases in the live weight after fasting, in the absolute weight of the wing and liver, in the breast and thigh+drumstick and a linear reduction in the relative weight of the proventricle were observed. The levels of lysine did not influenced the other studied parameters. It was estimated that the ration with the level of 1.160% of total lysine (1.066% of digestible lysine) determined the biggest rate of the gross margin average by liver weight and of the gross margin average by weight gain in both studied periods. After 35 days age it is recomended to the male broilers of slow growing raised in a free-range system ration with 1.135% of total lysine (1.041% of digestible lysine) and with 1.196% of total lysine (1.102% of digestible lysine) respectively, to the slaughter at 70 and at 84 days age. / O experimento teve como objetivos avaliar os efeitos do n?vel de lisina na ra??o sobre o desempenho, caracter?stica de carca?a e indicadores econ?micos de frangos de corte machos de crescimento lento, criados em semiconfinamento, nos per?odos de 35 a 70 e 35 a 84 dias de idade. Foi adotado o delineamento inteiramente casualizado com cinco tratamentos e quatro repeti??es de 15 aves cada. Os tratamentos foram constitu?dos pelos valores de 0,680; 0,840; 1,000; 1,160 e 1,320% de lisina total na ra??o (0,586; 0,746; 0,906; 1,066 e 1,226% de lisina digest?vel). No per?odo de 35 a 70 dias de idade, os n?veis de lisina influenciaram no peso vivo final dos frangos sendo estimado o n?vel de 1,130% de lisina total que proporcionaria o melhor peso vivo (2630g). Para o ganho de peso o n?vel de 1,135% de lisina total na ra??o resultaria no maior ganho de peso (1641g). Os frangos apresentaram aumento linear no consumo de ra??o e redu??o linear na efici?ncia de utiliza??o de lisina com o aumento dos n?veis de lisina na ra??o. Para convers?o alimentar foi estimado em 1,046% lisina total (0,952% de lisina digest?vel) o valor que proporcionaria a melhor convers?o alimentar (2,98). No per?odo de 35 a 84 dias de idade foram estimados os seguintes valores de: 1,189% de lisina total (1,095 de lisina digest?vel) para maior peso vivo (3211g), 1,196% de lisina total (1,102% de lisina digest?vel) para maior ganho de peso (2220g) e 1,078% de lisina total (0,984 de lisina digest?vel) para melhor convers?o alimentar (3,28). Os n?veis crescentes de lisina nas ra??es resultaram em aumento linear na ingest?o de lisina e em redu??o linear na efici?ncia de utiliza??o de lisina. Quanto ?s caracter?sticas de carca?a de frangos abatidos aos 70 dias de idade, foram observados efeitos quadr?ticos sobre o peso vivo p?s o jejum e nos pesos absolutos da carca?a quente, da gordura abdominal, do peito, coxa+sobrecoxa e asa. Os n?veis de lisina pesquisados influenciaram de forma quadr?tica no rendimento do peito e dorso e nos pesos relativos da gordura abdominal e da moela. Foram observados aumentos lineares nos pesos absolutos do dorso, cora??o, f?gado, cecos e p?s e redu??es lineares nos pesos absolutos do proventr?culo e nos pesos relativos do proventr?culo e intestino delgado. No per?odo de 35 a 84 dias de idade, foram observados efeitos quadr?ticos sobre o peso absoluto da carca?a quente, rendimento de carca?a, no peito, coxa+sobrecoxa e dorso, no cora??o e no intestino delgado. Foram observados aumentos lineares no peso vivo p?s-jejum, nos pesos absolutos da asa e f?gado, nos rendimentos de peito e coxa+sobrecoxa e uma redu??o linear no peso relativo do proventr?culo. Os n?veis de lisina n?o influenciaram os demais par?metros estudados. Foi estimado que a ra??o com o n?vel de 1,160% de lisina total (1,066% de lisina digest?vel) determinou os maiores ?ndices de margem bruta m?dia por vivo e de margem bruta m?dia por ganho de peso, nos dois per?odos estudados. Para frangos de corte machos de crescimento lento e criados em semiconfinamento, recomenda-se ? partir dos 35 dias de idade, ra??o com 1,135% de lisina total (1,041% de lisina digest?vel) e com 1,196% de lisina total (1,102% de lisina digest?vel), respectivamente, para o abate aos 70 e aos 84 dias de idade.