Submitted by Sandra Pereira (srpereira@ufrrj.br) on 2016-10-21T11:16:35Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - Fagner Jos? de Carvalho Louren?o.pdf: 722093 bytes, checksum: 3d1733623cf87f8f9db8063b46e336ca (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-10-21T11:16:35Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - Fagner Jos? de Carvalho Louren?o.pdf: 722093 bytes, checksum: 3d1733623cf87f8f9db8063b46e336ca (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-03-18 / A fild plot was carried out in Rio Pomba, MG state, dealing with beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) from March to May 2015. Six cultivars were compared under organic farming from seeds inoculated or not inoculated (= control) with commercial biological products based upon N2 fixing bacteria (Rhizobium tropici) and plant growth promoting bacteria (Azospirillum brasilense). Two of the cultivars, ?Ouro Vermelho? and ?BRSMG Madrep?rola?, are recommended and have been developed for Minas Gerais bean growing regions. They are both characterized by a high grain yield potential and belong to ?vermelho? and ?carioca? groups, respectively, which are of known preference by state consumers. On the other hand the cultivars ?Bola?, ?Kaboon?, ?Constanza?, and ?Manteig?o? represent introduced genotypes producing grains considered of special types on account of tegument color, size (= mass) and / or shape differing from the most commonly planted beans in Brazil. Such differential traits have been associated to an aggregate value because of their higher prices in the organic market of Brazilian southeast large cities. The study aimed at evaluating the introduced cultivars in comparison with the regional cultivars relating agronomic performance under organic farming as well as the respective response to seed inoculation with the cited bacterial species having a potential for contributing to beans organic management system by favoring crop yields. The research concept was based on the perspective of agrobiodiversity gains in organic farming units and on the possibility to improve farmer?s family income by means of expanding foods variety offered to consumers, specially focusing on beans, a major daily component of Brazilian?s diet due to its high nutritional quality. The experiment followed a randomized block design in a six x two factorial scheme with four replicates. Results referring data on marketable grain yields pointed out the viability of beans organic farming under Rio Pomba soil and weather conditions. The special grains introduced cultivars yields were close or, in certain cases, comparable to those of the two Minas Gerais recommended cultivars. The overall average of cultivars yields, independently of seed treatments, in which co-inoculation did not differ from the control (= non treated seeds), widely surpassed regional and national mean yields reported for the bean crop. The N2 stock ready to be utilized by the plants present in the soil of the experimented plant and a possible significant contribution fron biological fixation were able to fulfill crop requirements since no inputs have been made as nitrogen fertilizers. Root nodulation otherwise indicated the relevant contribution of local soil bacterial communities already stablished in the experimental plot and responsible for beneficial interactions with the bean plants. On the basis of the average between seed treatments the highest nodulation rates in terms of total number of nodules per root dry matter linked to the cultivars ?Ouro Vermelho? and ?BRSMG Madrep?rola? which also had the higher grain yields. Statistical analysis of the agronomic attributes considered in the study demonstrated significant differences among cultivars, including: number of pods per plant, number of grains per pod, and weight (= mass) of 100 grains (approx. 12% moisture). The first of such traits positively correlated with grain yield. Data also indicated that the number of grains per pod was inversely proportional to the 100 grains / mass. The last index (100 grains / mass weight) represented an estimative of the differences in grain sizes. With no exceptions, those introduced cultivars producing larger ? sized grains also revealed higher 100 grains mass values. The discarded levels of grains not reaching market standards again varied among cultivars and had influence on commercially suitable grain yields. This result leads to the need of adjusting bean organic farming in order to reduce yield losses. / Foi realizado em Rio Pomba, estado de Minas Gerais, um experimento de campo com o feijoeiro (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) correspondendo ? ?safra da seca` no per?odo de mar?o a maio do ano de 2015. Foram comparadas seis cultivares submetidas a sistema org?nico de produ??o, a partir de sementes co-inoculadas ou n?o (= controle) com produtos comerciais ? base de bact?rias fixadoras do nitrog?nio atmosf?rico (Rhizobium tropici) e de promotoras do crescimento vegetal (Azospirillum brasilense). Dessas seis cultivares, duas delas, ?Ouro Vermelho` e ?BRSMG Madrep?rola`, s?o recomendadas para plantio no estado e foram desenvolvidas e selecionadas para as regi?es mineiras produtoras de feij?o, sendo ambas caracterizadas pelo alto potencial de rendimento em gr?os dos grupos vermelho e carioca, respectivamente, de comprovada prefer?ncia dos consumidores de Minas Gerais. J?, as quatro outras cultivares, a saber: ?Bola`, ?Kaboon`, ?Constanza` e ?Manteig?o`, correspondem a gen?tipos introduzidos e que produzem gr?os considerados como especiais, por conta de colora??o, tamanho (massa) e/ou formato diferenciados. Tais atributos t?m sido associados a um valor agregado dessas cultivares, traduzido pelas cota??es mais elevadas de pre?os na comercializa??o em bancas e g?ndolas de produtos org?nicos encontradas em grandes metr?poles do Sudeste brasileiro. Os objetivos do estudo de Rio Pomba foram os de avaliar esses gen?tipos quanto a seu desempenho agron?mico sob manejo org?nico, al?m de suas respectivas respostas quando cultivados a partir da inocula??o, das sementes no pr?-plantio, com o cons?rcio mencionado de esp?cies bacterianas potencialmente capazes de contribuir para a viabiliza??o desse manejo, atrav?s de ganhos em produtividade. A concep??o da pesquisa fundamentou-se nas perspectivas de aumento da agrobiodiversidade em unidades de produ??o org?nica e da melhoria de renda familiar dos agricultores, por meio da diversifica??o da oferta de alimentos ? popula??o consumidora, especialmente com foco no feij?o, preponderante na dieta dos brasileiros e destacado por sua riqueza nutricional. O ensaio ficou delineado em blocos ao acaso com quatro repeti??es, constituindo um esquema fatorial 6 x 2. Os resultados obtidos, em termos de rendimento comercial das cultivares, apontaram para a viabilidade do manejo org?nico sob as condi??es edafoclim?ticas de Rio Pomba, com as cultivares de gr?os especiais introduzidas produzindo satisfatoriamente, aproximando-se ou mesmo, em alguns casos, alcan?ando valores compar?veis ?queles de cultivares recomendadas para Minas Gerais. A m?dia geral, calculada independentemente, dos tratamentos das sementes em que a co-inocula??o n?o diferiu do controle, suplantaram amplamente as m?dias regional e nacional de produ??o de feij?o por unidade de ?rea cultivada. O estoque de nitrog?nio assimil?vel presente no solo da ?rea experimental ? uma controbui??o possivelmente significativa da fixa??o biol?gica, foram suficientes para as necessidades da cultura, vez que n?o houve aporte do macronutriente na forma de aduba??o nitrogenada. A nodula??o radicular evidenciou atividade de comunidades de bact?rias j? estabelecidas no solo da ?rea experimental, respons?veis por intera??es ben?ficas com o feijoeiro. Tomando-se a m?dia entre os tratamentos de sementes (co-inocula??o e controle) os ?ndices superiores de nodula??o, com base no n?mero total de n?dulos por mat?ria seca das ra?zes, coincidiram com as cultivares mais produtivas (?Ouro Vermelho` e ?BRSMG Madrep?rola`). As an?lises estat?sticas das vari?veis fitot?cnicas consideradas no estudo revelaram diferen?as significativas entre as cultivares, incluindo: n?mero de vagens por planta, n?mero de gr?os por vagem e massa de 100 gr?os ( + ou ? 12% de umidade). A primeira delas correlacionou-se positivamente com a produtividade. Os dados indicaram, ainda, que o n?mero de gr?os por vagem ? inversamente proporcional ? massa de 100 gr?os (correla??o negativa). Este ?ltimo ?ndice representou uma estimativa das diferen?as no tamanho dos gr?os. Sem exce??es, aquelas cultivares introduzidas, caracterizadas pela produ??o de gr?os gra?dos, igualmente mostraram valores mais elevados das amostras dos 100 gr?os. Os n?veis de descarte de gr?os fora dos padr?es de mercado tamb?m variaram entre as cultivares testadas, influindo, em maior ou menor grau, no respectivo rendimento comercial, assim sinalizando para a conveni?ncia de ajustes no manejo org?nico do feijoeiro, objetivando contribuir para redu??o desse fator de perdas nas colheitas

Submitted by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-02-27T13:30:34Z No. of bitstreams: 5 39.pdf: 622297 bytes, checksum: f0b6a4c72e9ca840834c09213d059a4b (MD5) license_url: 52 bytes, checksum: 3d480ae6c91e310daba2020f8787d6f9 (MD5) license_text: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) license.txt: 2109 bytes, checksum: aa477231e840f304454a16eb85a9235f (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-02-27T18:45:27Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 5 39.pdf: 622297 bytes, checksum: f0b6a4c72e9ca840834c09213d059a4b (MD5) license_url: 52 bytes, checksum: 3d480ae6c91e310daba2020f8787d6f9 (MD5) license_text: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) license.txt: 2109 bytes, checksum: aa477231e840f304454a16eb85a9235f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-02-27T18:45:27Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 5 39.pdf: 622297 bytes, checksum: f0b6a4c72e9ca840834c09213d059a4b (MD5) license_url: 52 bytes, checksum: 3d480ae6c91e310daba2020f8787d6f9 (MD5) license_text: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) license.txt: 2109 bytes, checksum: aa477231e840f304454a16eb85a9235f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico (CNPq) / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (Capes)/MEC / Funda??o de Amparo ? Pesquisa do estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG) / Funda??o de Apoio ao Ensino, Pesquisa e Extens?o (FAEPE) / Comparou-se a efetividade de linhagens melhoradas de tomateiro, ricas em 2-tridecanona (2-TD), zingibereno (ZGB) e acila??cares (AA), ou no tocante aos n?veis de resist?ncia ? tra?a-do-tomateiro Tuta absoluta. Tamb?m verificou-se se linhagens selecionadas para maiores densidades de tricomas glandulares, presumivelmente com maiores n?veis de 2-tridecanona, ? efetiva no sentido de promover maior resist?ncia ? tra?a. Como testemunhas suscet?veis foram utilizadas as linhagens TOM-584 e TOM-679, com n?vel normal dos tr?s aleloqu?micos. A linhagem melhorada TOM-687 (com alto teor de AA) foi utilizada como linhagem resistente padr?o, por ter sua resist?ncia amplamente documentada, juntamente com o tamb?m resistente acesso selvagem PI134417 (com alto teor de 2-TD). O experimento foi instalado em casa de vegeta??o em delineamento inteiramente casualizado. O acesso selvagem PI 134417 confirmou-se como altamente resistente. TOM-622 (rica em 2-TD), ZGB-703 (rica em ZGB) e TOM-687 apresentaram diminui??es significativas na ovoposi??o da tra?a-do-tomateiro, bem como no dano geral na planta, les?o nos fol?olos e porcentagem de fol?olos atacados, comparadas ?s testemunhas TOM-584 e TOM-679. Os n?veis de resist?ncia ? tra?a em TOM-622, ZGB-703 e TOM-687 foram similares entre si. Em geral os gen?tipos selecionados para maiores densidades de tricomas glandulares apresentaram n?veis de resist?ncia tamb?m superiores aos das testemunhas suscet?veis, destacando entre eles o tratamento BPX-367D-238-02. / Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Produ??o Vegetal, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2011. / ABSTRACT In Brazil the Cactaceae is represented by 160 species from which 26% occur on the rocky fields. Cipocereus minensis is an endemic Cactaceae from the rocky fields in the Minas Gerais? portion of the Espinha?o chain. In this research it was intended to evaluate the rhythms of flower and fruit production of the species, its floral and reproductive biology, and also know the floral visitors and the likely seed dispersers, in an area of the rocky fields of the Diamantina ? MG?s plateau. Seed germination tests have been performed and the initial plant growth on different substrates was analyzed. The species had floral traits such as nocturnal anthesis, white flowers, abundant volume of nectar and rigid perianth structures that suggested pollination by bats. However daily visitors as hummingbirds were also observed. The reproductive system of C. minensis is alogamic and self incompatible and the night visitors were more efficient than the daytime ones in the formation of fruits. The phenologic pattern of flowering and fruiting is sub-annual, with peak of flowering at the beginning and middle of the dry season, in april and july, respectively. Another peak was observed in the wet season in november, with lower production of flowers, but with a higher flower/fruit conversion rate . C. minensis is well adapted to the climatic seasonality. The fruits showed significant differences with respect to collection time for the length, diameter and weight, with higher measures in the wet season. The average number of seeds per fruit was 958.63 ? 369.35, the weight of 1000 seeds was 0.53 g and the mean length of the seeds was 1.5 mm. The highest germination rates were found after nine and twelve months of storage (75% and 72%, respectively) or in fruits collected with a more advanced stage of ripening (72%).In the initial growth the plants showed a higher diameter and height on the substrate prepared in the ratio 1:1:1, composed of sand, red soil and cow dung. The store promotes germination, but also in fruits collected in a more advanced stage of maturation. Substrates with better drainage and aeration favoring better initial development of this plant species. This information will provide subsidies for the development of strategies of conservation and management of the species.

Submitted by Verena Bastos (verena@uefs.br) on 2015-09-21T14:21:13Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DISSERTA??O_Mariana Santos de Jesus_2013_v.FINAL.pdf: 2182580 bytes, checksum: 54eae6f08c950fc41cd0623949c61663 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-09-21T14:21:13Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DISSERTA??O_Mariana Santos de Jesus_2013_v.FINAL.pdf: 2182580 bytes, checksum: 54eae6f08c950fc41cd0623949c61663 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-03-25 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / The Brazilian semiarid region undergoes seasonal distribution of rainfall that is concentrated in short periods of the year, combined with shallow and stony soils with low organic matter content and ability to retain moisture. Given these limitations, has intensified in this region the use of cactus as a food source herd due to its high capacity to adapt to the climate of this region. This study evaluated for agronomic characteristics, chemical characteristics and chromosome 20 clones preselected by Oliveira 2010, forming part of the breeding program of cactus pear State University of Feira de Santana, in existence since December 2008. Two experiments were conducted. In the first containing palm girl (Nopalea cochenillifera & Salm Dyck) and the second with giant cactus (Opuntia ficus-indica Mill). The experimental design was randomized blocks with five replicates, the spacing was 0.5 x 1.0 m (x plant rows) and fertilization administered 30 t/ha-1 of manure. Data were submitted to ANOVA and Tukey test (p <0.01 and p <0.05). For agronomic characteristics, the tiny palm clones showed no significant differences between the observed means. For the giant cactus, clone 4:06 stood out compared to the other featuring the best averages for the number of cladodes per plant. In assessing chemical was observed on average 69.91% NDF, 13.09% ADF and 8.49% CP for Palm kid. For giant cactus values were 45.63% NDF, 18.20% ADF and 9.18% PB. Chromosome analysis revealed that the numbers ranged from 2n = 22 in the palm girl to 2n = 88 in the giant cactus, without occurrence of disploidias or aneupoidias plants analyzed. It was found that clones are very promising for breeding programs, and are recommended for cultivation in the region of Feira de Santana-BA. / O semi?rido brasileiro apresenta sazonalidade na distribui??o de chuvas que s?o concentradas em per?odos curtos do ano, aliados a solos pouco profundos e pedregosos com baixo teor de mat?ria org?nica e capacidade de reter umidade. Diante destas limita??es, tem-se intensificado nessa regi?o o uso da palma forrageira como fonte de alimento do rebanho devido a sua alta capacidade de adapta??o ao clima dessa regi?o. Este trabalho objetivou avaliar quanto ?s caracter?sticas agron?micas, bromatol?gicas e cromoss?micas 20 clones pr? selecionados por Oliveira (2010), que fazem parte do programa de melhoramento gen?tico da palma forrageira da universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, existente desde Dezembro de 2008. Foram estabelecidos dois experimentos. No primeiro contendo palma mi?da (Nopalea cochenillifera Salm & Dyck) e o segundo com palma gigante (Opuntia f?cus-indica Mill). O delineamento experimental utilizado foi de blocos ao acaso com cinco parcelas, o espa?amento foi 0,5 x 1,0 m (plantas x fileiras) e a aduba??o administrada de 30 t/ha-1 de esterco bovino. Os dados foram submetidos ? an?lise de vari?ncia e teste de Scott-Knott (p<0,05). Para as caracter?sticas agron?micas, os clones de palma mi?da foram inferiores em rela??o ?s testemunhas IPA-sert?nia e IPA-mi?da para os caracteres CC, DC e AC. Para a palma gigante, o clone 04 destacou-se em rela??o aos demais diferindo estatisticamente quanto ao n?mero de clad?dios por planta. Na avalia??o bromatol?gica observou-se em m?dia 69,91% de FDN, 13,09% de FDA e 8,49% de PB para a palma mi?da. Para palma gigante os valores m?dios foram 45,63% FDN, 18,20% FDA e 9,18% PB. As an?lises cromoss?micas revelaram que os n?meros variaram de 2n=22 na palma mi?da a 2n=88 na palma gigante, sem ocorr?ncia de disploidias ou aneupoidias nas plantas analisadas. Verificou-se que os clones s?o bastante promissores para programas de melhoramento, e s?o recomend?veis para cultivo na regi?o de Feira de Santana-BA.

Submitted by Sandra Pereira (srpereira@ufrrj.br) on 2017-06-07T13:12:40Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2010 - Afranio Silva Madeiro.pdf: 588632 bytes, checksum: 9531c47baf31eff13a3ce40948ee6f3a (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-06-07T13:12:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2010 - Afranio Silva Madeiro.pdf: 588632 bytes, checksum: 9531c47baf31eff13a3ce40948ee6f3a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-02-19 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior, CAPES, Brasil. / This work aimed to describe and evaluate the morphogenetic and structural traits, and quality of two clones of elephant grass grazed under rotacional grazing. We used a completely randomized design with three replicates (paddocks) in a split plot, where clones were the whole plot and grazing cycles in a split plot, for evaluate morphogenetic and structural traits, and nutritive value. For evaluate nutrient intake was conducted a test using 10 heifers "testers" in a completely randomized design with 10 replications (animals). Characteristics and structural traits of tillers were similar between the clones. Leaf appearance rate and leaf elongation of aerial tillers were higher for the clone CNPGL 00-1-3 compared to clone CNPGL 92-198-7. Clones showed reduced elongation rate of stem, thus helping to increase the leaf/stem ratio, which is an indication of high nutritional value of pasture clones of elephant grass short stature. Variables studied basal and aerial tillers decreased with grazing cycle, which may be related to the lower temperatures recorded during May, June and July and the lowest rainfall that occurred during the same period. Chemical composition and in vitro digestibility of dry matter (IVDDM) were not affected (P>0.05) by clones and only DM, OM, MM, CP, ADF and CEL were influenced (P<0.05) by cycles of grazing, there wasn?t interaction clone x cycle (P>0.05). Intake was not affected (P>0.05) by clones, however, high values were obtained of intake DM, which can be attributed to low values of NDF, ADF and LIG, and therefore to IVDMD. However, these results demonstrate high quality of forage clones CNPGL 00-1-3 and CNPGL CNPGL 92-198-7. / Objetivou-se, com este trabalho, descrever e avaliar as caracter?sticas morfog?nicas e estruturais, e a qualidade de dois clones de capim-elefante manejados sob lota??o rotacionada. Foi utilizado um delineamento inteiramente casualizado com tr?s repeti??es (piquetes), em esquema de parcelas subdivididas, onde os clones constitu?ram a parcela inteira e os ciclos de pastejo a parcela subdividida, para avaliar as vari?veis morfog?nicas e estruturais, e o valor nutritivo. Para avalia??o do consumo foi realizado um ensaio utilizando-se 10 novilhas de prova, distribu?dos segundo um delineamento inteiramente casualizado com 10 repeti??es (animais). As caracter?sticas morfog?nicas e estruturais de perfilhos basais foram semelhantes entre os clones avaliados. A taxa de aparecimento foliar e taxa de alongamento foliar de perfilhos a?reos foram maiores para o clone CNPGL 00-1-3 em compara??o ao clone CNPGL 92-198-7. Os clones avaliados demonstraram reduzida taxa de alongamento de colmo, contribuindo assim para aumentar a rela??o l?mina/colmo, o que pode ser uma indica??o do elevado valor nutritivo do pasto de clones de capim-elefante de porte baixo. As vari?veis estudadas de perfilhos basais e a?reos decresceram com ciclo de pastejo, o que pode estar relacionado ?s temperaturas mais baixas registradas nos meses Maio, Junho e Julho, assim como a menor precipita??o que ocorreu nesse mesmo per?odo. A composi??o qu?micobromatol?gica e a digestibilidade in vitro da mat?ria seca (DIVMS) n?o foram influenciadas (P>0,05) pelos clones e apenas a MS, MO, MM, PB, FDA e CEL foram influenciadas (P<0,05) pelos ciclos de pastejo, n?o havendo a intera??o clone x ciclo (P>0,05). O consumo n?o foi influenciado (P>0,05) pelos clones avaliados, por?m, foram obtidos elevados valores de consumo de MS, que podem ser atribu?dos aos baixos valores de FDN, FDA e LIG e consequentemente a alta DIVMS. Contudo, esses resultados demonstram a elevada qualidade, da forragem dos pastos dos clones CNPGL 00-1-3 e CNPGL 92-198-7.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T14:58:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2006-Eusinia Louzada Pereira.pdf: 1343885 bytes, checksum: 05f3322abafd46c85aed976a2298a300 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-02-13 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico / The objective of liming is the neutralization of soil aluminum and manganese, as well as the supply of calcium, the increase of nutrient availability at the frut forming zone of in the soil and the increase of seed tegument thickness which may serve as a barrier to fungi penetration and water loss. In Experiment I, six peanuts cultivars yield components and seeds yields were evaluated. Cultivar Caiap? presented highest seed yields whit no classificationas as well as retained more seeds on sieve 18/64 , highest seed mass per plant, and mass of 100 seeds and, lower shell percentage at 120 DAP, independently of liming. Liming favored number of seeds per pod, independent of cultivar. Harvest carried at 120 DAP, in areas with and without liming, independently of cultivar, provided higher pod yield per plant and pod number per hectare. In Experiment II, soil samples diluted to 10-2, when saimpled at 120 DAP, independent of cultivar and liming, had lower pH values and base saturation, and lower Aspergillus flavus group population. In soil samples submitted to 10-3 dilution, Aspergillus flavus group fungi were not found. It was evident from the evaluation of sanitary and physiological quality of six peanut cultivars seeds (Experiment III), thas seeds of cv. BR 1 from no limed area, and seeds cv. Caiap? from area with liming, collected at 120 DAP, presented highest germination and vigor percentages (electrical conductivity, accelerated aging second count, controlled deterioration second count, emergence, speed of emergence index - IVE and seedling length), as well the highest fungi (total), Aspergillus sp. and Penicillium sp. contamination. Liming and haversting time influenced the contents of calcium and nitrogen in the seeds. In Experiment IV, regarding the study of three peanut cultivars seeds contamination, seeds from cv. IAC 22 , from areas with no liming and harvested at 120 DAS, presented lower contamination by fungi total, by Aspergillus sp. and by Aspergillus flavus group, after inoculation and drying for 21 hours with the isolates 1, 2 and 3. An incidence increase of seeds contaminated by fungi (total), whitour affecting seedlings emergence was noticed. The highest seeds contamination by Aspergillus flavus group, after inoculation with the three isolates, caused highest infected seedlings percentage (with symptoms) by these fungi, in both evaluations, independently of cultivar and origin. Key words : Arachis hypogaea L., genotypes, calcium / A calagem visa neutraliza??o do alum?nio e do mangan?s, e tamb?m constitui uma fonte de fornecimento de c?lcio, aumentando a disponibilidade do nutriente na zona de frutifica??o da planta no solo e espessura do tegumento das sementes formando uma barreira a penetra??o de fungos e a perda de ?gua. A produtividade de sementes e os componentes de produ??o de seis cultivares de amendoim foram avaliadas no Experimento I. A cultivar Caiap? apresentou maior produ??o de sementes sem classifica??o e de sementes retidas na peneira 18 por ha, maior produ??o de sementes por planta e massa de 100 sementes e, menor porcentagem de casca, aos 120 dias ap?s a semeadura (DAS), independente da calagem. A calagem favoreceu o aumento do n?mero de sementes por vagem, independente da cultivar e da ?poca de colheita. A colheita aos 120 DAS, em ?rea sem e com calagem, independente da cultivar proporcionou maior produ??o de vagens por planta e n?mero de vagens por ha. Na avalia??o da popula??o de fungos no solo (Experimento II), foi constatado que a amostra de solo dilu?da ? 10-2, quando amostrada aos 120 DAS, independente da cultivar e da calagem, apresentou os menores valores de pH, satura??o por bases (V%) e menor popula??o do grupo Aspergillus flavus. Na amostra de solo dilu?da ? 10-3, n?o foram encontrados fungos do grupo Aspergillus flavus. Na avalia??o da qualidade fisiol?gica e sanit?ria das sementes de seis cultivares de amendoim (Experimento III), foi constatado que as sementes da cultivar BR 1, provenientes de ?rea sem calagem, e as sementes da cultivar Caiap?, provenientes de ?rea com calagem, quando colhidas aos 120 DAS, apresentaram maior porcentagem de germina??o e vigor avaliados pelos testes de condutividade el?trica, envelhecimento acelerado (segunda contagem), deteriora??o controlada (segunda contagem), emerg?ncia, ?ndice de velocidade de emerg?ncia e comprimento de pl?ntulas, bem como as maiores contamina??es por fungos (total), por Aspergillus sp. e por Penicillium sp.. Os teores de c?lcio e nitrog?nio nas sementes das cultivares Botutatu, IAC5, IAC 22, BR 1 e Caiap? foram favorecidos pela calagem e ?poca de colheita. No estudo da contamina??o de sementes de tr?s cultivares de amendoim ? contamina??o p?s-colheita por fungos do grupo A. flavus (Experimento IV), foi constatado que as sementes da cultivar IAC 22, provenientes da origem 2 (?rea sem calagem e colhidas aos 120 DAS, apresentaram menor contamina??o por fungos (total), por Aspergillus sp. e por fungos do grupo A. flavus, ap?s a inocula??o e secagem por 21 horas com os isolados 1, 2 e 3. Ainda nesta avalia??o, houve aumento da incid?ncia de sementes contaminadas por fungos (total), sem afetar a emerg?ncia de pl?ntulas. A elevada contamina??o das sementes por fungos do grupo A. flavus, ap?s a inocula??o com os tr?s isolados, ocasionou maior porcentagem de pl?ntulas infeccionadas (com sintomas) por estes fungos, em ambas as avalia??es, independente da cultivar e da origem. Palavras chave: Arachis hypogaea L., gen?tipos, c?lcio

Submitted by Ricardo Cedraz Duque Moliterno (ricardo.moliterno@uefs.br) on 2016-07-13T23:53:47Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Disserta??o final_completa_pdf.pdf: 1029289 bytes, checksum: 67d8eb9bd97c05071808a15be37032a8 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-07-13T23:53:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Disserta??o final_completa_pdf.pdf: 1029289 bytes, checksum: 67d8eb9bd97c05071808a15be37032a8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-03-26 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / The objective of this study was to characterize morfoagronomicamente buffel grass accesses the active germplasm bank (BAG) of Cenchrus of the Embrapa Semi?rido checking the variability and efficiency of characters in carrier two consecutive cuts. We used 26 hits and 4 buffel grass cultivars in randomized blocks with three replications and with plot nine plants per access, taking as the central portion useful plant in the plot. The evaluations were performed after two cuts of the aerial part of Buffel grass, each evaluation was performed 90 days after each cut. The characterization of the accessions was based on 15 quantitative and qualitative morphological descriptors. Quantitative descriptors were submitted to analysis of individual and combined variance, considering the two cuts of treatment and then applied the Scott-Knott test at 5% probability. Qualitative descriptors were submitted to descriptive analysis. For divergence analyzes both quantitative and qualitative descriptors were grouped using the methods of Tocher and UPGMA from the Mahalanobis distance (D2). In addition, a dendrogram and calculated the relative importance of characters for the divergence. In the combined analysis, the effects of access and cutting were significant for almost all the features. This result indicates genetic heterogeneity among the accessions and the felling indicates mainly differences in management culture conditions and growth rate of each access in each mowing season. It was also observed significant effect of genotype x environment interaction at 1% probability for three descriptors (NPT, and LIN QIN) and other descriptors (APL, ECO, COF, LFO and CIN) these effects were not significant. The accessions were separated into two groups, the first consisting of 25 hits and 4 cultivars and the second composed of the access 138. The number of tillers / shoot, followed by number of inflorescence and color of the seeds were the most relevant characters in separation of access. / O objetivo deste trabalho foi caracterizar morfoagronomicamente acessos de capim buffel do Banco ativo de germoplasma (BAG) de Cenchrus da Embrapa Semi?rido verificando a variabilidade e efici?ncia dos caracteres nos acessos em dois cortes consecutivos. Foram utilizados 26 acessos e quatro cultivares de capim buffel em delineamento em blocos ao acaso com tr?s repeti??es com parcela de nove plantas por acesso, tomando como parcela ?til a planta central dentro da parcela. As avalia??es foram realizadas ap?s dois cortes da parte a?rea do capim buffel, cada avalia??o foi realizada 90 dias ap?s cada corte. A caracteriza??o dos acessos foi realizada com base em 15 descritores morfoagron?micos quantitativos e qualitativos. Os descritores quantitativos foram submetidos ? an?lise de vari?ncia univariada individual e conjunta, considerando os dois cortes dos tratamentos e, em seguida, aplicado o teste de Scott-Knott a 5% de probabilidade. Os descritores qualitativos foram submetidos a an?lise descritiva. Para as an?lises de diverg?ncia tanto descritores quantitativos quanto qualitativos foram agrupados utilizando-se os m?todos de Tocher e UPGMA, a partir da dist?ncia generalizada de Mahalanobis (D2). Foi estabelecido tamb?m um dendograma e calculada a import?ncia relativa dos caracteres para a diverg?ncia. Na an?lise conjunta, os efeitos de acesso e corte foram significativos para quase todas as caracter?sticas. Esse resultado indica heterogeneidade gen?tica entre os acessos e quanto ao corte indica, principalmente, diferen?as nas condi??es de manejo da cultura e da velocidade de crescimento de cada acesso em cada ?poca de corte. Tamb?m foi observado efeito significativo da intera??o gen?tipos x ambientes ao n?vel de 1% de probabilidade para tr?s descritores (NPT, LIN e QIN) e para os demais descritores (APL, ECO, COF, LFO e CIN) estes efeitos n?o foram significativos. Os acessos foram separados em dois grandes grupos, o primeiro composto por 25 acessos e quatro cultivares e o segundo composto apenas pelo acesso 138. O n?mero de perfilhos/touceira, seguida por quantidade de infloresc?ncia e cor das sementes foram os caracteres de maior relev?ncia na separa??o dos acessos.