Made available in DSpace on 2016-12-01T19:18:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Morgana1.pdf: 314849 bytes, checksum: 0e76a30ac473b73d89fbc3ab4732ce74 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-07-29 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / In recent decades, Civil Society Organizations (CSOs) have played a central role on the stage of public sphere. The expansion of the interest in CSOs has been accompanied by criticisms against their performance, questioning mainly their representativeness, impact, accountability, transparency, in short, their own legitimacy. In this scenario, the present work parts of the following research question: what are the dominant justifications that support the role and the existence of CSOs, providing them with legitimacy, according to representative actors of the field? To answer this question, the theoretical methodological path is structured in Five chapters, besides the introduction and conclusion. In Chapter 1 we enter into the theoretical debate about legitimacy of CSOs, which is composed mostly by studies that focus on technical issues and seek to identify the presence of factors that confer legitimacy for CSOs. This dissertation, however, addresses the phenomenon as a social construct that depends on the CSOs and on the external forces with which they interact. To better understand how legitimacy is constructed, in Chapter 2 we mobilize the Economies of Worth theory, formulated by Boltanski and Thévenot (1991), for which the construction of agreements in society takes place through processes of justifications that legitimize them, based on the common worlds, resulting in the construction of an analytical framework to examine the logics behind the legitimacy of CSOs. In Chapter 3, by analyzing the trajectory of the field in Brazil, we seek to identify the common worlds that underlie the construction of legitimacy of CSOs, which allowed the formulation of research hypotheses. The methodology of the work is described in Chapter 4 and the method used is the content analysis of interviews held with 46 managers of CSOs performing in the capitals of southern Brazil. As results, explored in Chapter 5, the presence of several common worlds was observed in the justifications of the actors. Through frequency analysis, it is verified that 42.01% of the relevant words belong to the industrial world; 29.11% to civic world; 10.10% to domestic world; 8.57% to world of projects; 7.58% to marked world; 1.42% to world of fame and 1.12% to world of inspiration. It was observed that there are conflicts between the logics that cohabit the field, but these disputes are not very explicit, since there is a process of adaptation and homogenization of the practices of CSOs to meet the tests which they are subjected to (mostly belonging to the industrial world). The common worlds present in the field also build bridges between themselves and some of these commitments generate wider repercussions, such as the terms social responsibility, solidarity economy and sustainable development. Finally, we realize that there are logics that isolate the existence of others, with a large predominance of the industrial logic, overshadowing logics that have been representative for the field, as the inspired and domestic ones. The results corroborate the conclusion that the dimensions of legitimacy that predominate in CSOs nowadays are the pragmatic and the moral dimensions, which are based on the response to the demands of stakeholders and encourage the adaptation of CSOs to externally set standards. In this sense, to strengthen democracy, it is recommended that CSOs focus on the cognitive dimension of legitimacy, influencing the external environment in the construction of meanings for their existence and fostering the conceiving of their own conventions for legitimacy / Nas últimas décadas, as Organizações da Sociedade Civil (OSCs) têm assumido um papel central no palco da esfera pública. A ampliação do interesse pelas OSCs veio acompanhada por críticas à sua atuação, tendo destaque os construída, recorremos no Capítulo 2 à Teoria das Grandezas, formulada por Boltanski e Thévenot (1991), segundo a qual a construção de acordos se dá por meio de processos de justificações que os legitimam, baseados nos mundos comuns, resultando na construção de um quadro de análise para examinar as lógicas que embasam a legitimidade das OSCs. Buscou-se, no Capítulo 3, a partir da análise da trajetória do campo no Brasil, identificar os mundos comuns que fundamentaram a construção da legitimidade das OSCs, o que permitiu formular as hipóteses de pesquisa. A metodologia do trabalho é descrita no Capítulo 4 e a análise de conteúdo de entrevistas com gestores de 46 OSCs que atuam nas capitais do Sul do Brasil foi utilizada como método. Como resultados, explorados no Capítulo 5, verificou-se a presença de diversos mundos comuns nas justificações dos atores. Na análise frequencial aufere-se que 42,01% das palavras significativas pertencem ao mundo industrial; 29,11% ao cívico; 10,18% ao doméstico; 8,57% ao de projetos; 7,58% ao mercantil; 1,43% ao da fama e 1,12% ao da inspiração. Observou-se que existem conflitos entre as lógicas que coabitam o campo, porém estas disputas não são muito explícitas, visto que ocorre um processo de adequação e homogeneização das práticas das OSCs para corresponderem aos testes aos quais são submetidas (pertencentes na sua maioria ao mundo industrial). Os mundos comuns presentes no campo também constroém pontes entre si e alguns desses compromissos geram repercussões mais amplas, como é o caso dos termos responsabilidade social, economia solidária e desenvolvimento sustentável. Finalmente, percebe-se que existem lógicas que isolam a existência de outras, com ampla predominância da lógica industrial, ofuscando lógicas que já foram representativas para o campo, como a inspirada e a doméstica. Os resultados corroboram para concluir que as dimensões da legitimidade que predominam nas OSCs na atualidade são a pragmática e a moral, as quais têm por base a resposta às demandas dos stakeholders e estimulam a adaptação das OSCs a padrões externamente estabelecidos. Nesse sentido, para fortalecer a democracia, recomenda-se que as OSCs focalizem a dimensão cognitiva da legitimidade, influenciando o ambiente externo na construção dos sentidos para a sua existência e promovendo a concepção de suas próprias convenções de legitimidadequestionamentos sobre representatividade, impacto, accountability, transparência, em suma, sobre a sua própria legitimidade. Nesse cenário, esse trabalho parte da seguinte pergunta de pesquisa: quais são as justificações dominantes que embasam a atuação e a existência das OSCs, e, portanto, lhes conferem legitimidade, de acordo com os atores representativos do campo? Para responder esta questão, o caminho teórico metodológico se estrutura em cinco capítulos, além da introdução e conclusão. No Capítulo 1 adentramos no debate teórico sobre legitimidade, o qual é composto, na sua maioria, por estudos que focalizam aspectos técnicos e buscam identificar a presença de fatores que conferem legitimidade às OSCs. Esta dissertação, no entanto, aborda o fenômeno como um construto social que depende das OSCs e das forças externas com as quais interagem. Para compreender melhor como a legitimidade é

I denna uppsats undersöks hur problem kring bidragsgivning till civilsamhället framställs i Demokrativillkorsutredningen (SOU 2019:35) om skärpta demokratvillkor. Givet att civilsamhällesforskningen pekar på att det offentliga alltmer knutit civilsamhället närmare till sig är det intressant att studera den förändrade relationen i förhållande till den skärpta bidragsreformen. Med en kritiskt granskande ansats kombineras fenomenet shrinking civic space med Carol Bacchis policymetod What’s the Problem Represented to be (WPR) för att analysera statens föreställningar om det odemokratiska civilsamhället samt för att sätta begreppet krympande civilsamhällsutrymme inom en svensk kontext.  Studien av dagens civilsamhällsdiskurs visar att det odemokratiska civilsamhället antas hindras genom ökade kontroller både av de offentliga bidragsgivarna och organisationerna själva. För detta framstår civilsamhällsorganisationer behöva ha fullständig koll på sin verksamhet. Med dagens problemföreställningar och lösningsförslag konstruerar staten således en ny civilsamhällsroll kännetecknad av säkerhetsarbete, kontroll och misstänksamhet. Därmed identifieras modern demokratidiskurs i samverkan med säkerhetiseringsdiskursen bidra till en tudelning av civilsamhället med binära effekter som utgör en grund för att diskutera effekten shrinking space. Studien visar även en frånvaro av civilsamhällets särart samt att interna och externa maktrelationer under de nya demokrativillkoren kan få missgynnande effekter för nyare, mer kontroversiella och marginaliserade civilsamhällsgrupper. / In this essay I examine how problems concerning contributions to civil society are presented in the Democracy Conditions Inquiry (SOU 2019: 35) on stricter democratic conditions. Given that civil society research indicates that the public sector has become more closely associated with civil society, it is interesting to study the changed relationship in relation to the stricter benefit reform. With a critical approach, the phenomenon of shrinking civic space is combined with Carol Bacchi's policy method What's the Problem Represented to be (WPR) in order to analyze the state's notions of undemocratic civil society and to put the concept of shrinking civil society space within a Swedish context. The study of today's civil society discourse shows that the undemocratic civil society is assumed to be hindered by increased controls by both the public donors and the organizations themselves. For this, civil society organizations appear to need to have complete control over their activities. With today's problem representation and solution proposals, the state thus constructs a new civil society role characterized by securitization, control, and suspicion. Thus, modern democracy discourse is identified in collaboration with the security discourse to contribute to a division of civil society with binary effects that form a basis for discussing the effect shrinking space. The study also shows an absence of the special nature of civil society and that internal and external power relations under the new democratic conditions can have unfavorable effects for newer, more controversial, and marginalized civil society groups.

The thesis deals with the topic of operating space for civil society organizations in the Republic of Moldova during the period from March 2017 to February 2019. The main aim of the thesis was to determine whether the case of Moldova corresponded to the concept of shrinking space for civil society defined by Saskia Brechenmacher in her paper Civil Society under Assault in 2017. Shrinking or closing space, which occurs more and more frequently in different countries throughout the world, can be defined on the basis of three main areas: tactics, impact and international reaction. The operational space for the civil sector in the Republic of Moldova differed from Brechenmacher's concept partially in the areas of tactics and international reaction and more significantly in the area of impact due to fact that that the restrictive legislation remained in the phase of a bill. As Brechenmacher's concept does not cover all aspects of operating space in Moldova, a supplementary chapter has been added. The main difference from Brechenmacher's concept was the aspect of "simulated collaboration". State officials pretended that the civil society was involved in the decision-making process, but in fact they ignored its views.

The diploma thesis deals with the concept of community gardens, where the common activity of people, mutual help and pursuit of a common goal creates a certain community model. In this thesis we want to clarify the functioning of the relationships on which the community is based, how members perceive it and describe its character. The aim is to show how civil society organizations that set up community gardens can create an environment for meeting and associating people in communities and enabling them to meet the needs they lack in their location. Key words community, community garden, non-profit organizations, civil society organizations, association

The diploma thesis entitled "Financing of civil society organizations - a case study of selected CSOs in the Czech Republic" describes the sources of financing of civil society organizations in the Czech Republic. The first part, using theoretical resources, deals with the possibilities of obtaining funding for civil society organizations. The second research part of the thesis focuses on the structure of sources of income at SDMO - Sdružení pro komplexní pé i p i d tské mozkové obrn , z. s. and whether this organization makes full use of all available sources of funding.

The Basque conflict has waged since the 1950s in its current form. However, with the arrival of democracy 36 years ago, the Basque Country has been the scene of an intense peace mobilization, dominated by two peace organizations: Gesto por la Paz, a group of community organizations that mobilize to publicly reject political violence, and Lokarri/Elkarri, an organization that includes a conflict resolution proposal based on dialogue between conflicting parties. While there is some literature on these organizations, none has analysed their extraordinary impact on Basque society. This research explores how the Basque peace movement has impacted on the social and political culture of the Basque conflict. It seeks to understand the nature of this impact and to determine the channels and methods by which it was achieved, using frame analysis. Three interlinked questions serve to guide the research, asking first if there is a Basque Peace Frame and if it could be considered a master frame, how this Basque Peace Frame has evolved, and, finally, how the Basque Peace Frame has impacted on other Basque Civil Society Organizations related to the conflict. This qualitative research spans the period between the March 2006 declaration of ceasefire by ETA and the end of fieldwork for this research in September 2008. The research includes 18 in depth interviews, written media, and analysis of seven notable Basque social organizations related to the conflict, in addition to the two peace organizations mentioned above. The research found the impact of the Basque peace movement in the Basque Country is significant and rich. The Basque Peace Frame developed based on the rejection of the use of violence as a political tool and identifies that violence as the main barrier to achieving an inclusive conflict resolution. The Basque peace movement organizations developed a specific kind of mobilization to enforce the Basque Peace Frame based on silent and symbolic acts. The objective was to counter the former dynamics of mobilization that were contentious and directed to promote Basque national rights. The Basque Peace Frame proposed a change in the way the political collective identity was constructed in the Basque Country, showing that an association between nationalism and violence is not obligatory. The Basque Peace Frame has evolved and spread between social organizations in the Basque Country, using sympathetic identity networks as the main channel of frame diffusion. Even organizations that did not reject the use of contentious methods of protest are now questioning the use of violence, signifying exciting prospects for the future of non-violent political action in the Basque Country.

Esta dissertação discute os dilemas e tensões envolvidos na provisão de serviços socioassistenciais por atores não-estatais, por meio da compreensão da atual dinâmica de papeis e relações entre Estado e organizações da sociedade civil (OSC) na área da assistência social no Brasil, sobretudo frente às reconfigurações na política nacional ocorridas no período recente (a partir dos anos 2000) o que tem como marco o Sistema Único da Assistência Social (SUAS). Para tal, buscou-se analisar o processo de constituição do papel das OSC na área da assistência social no Brasil no último século, identificando os efeitos dos principais marcos temporais e normativos desta trajetória, para, assim, discutir o significado da criação e implementação do SUAS no que se refere às relações entre Estado e OSC; além disso, pretendeu-se identificar as diferentes concepções a respeito do atual papel das OSC na política pública de assistência social. Entre as principais tendências e resultados identificados, observou-se uma expressiva participação das OSC na composição (junto com o poder público) da oferta de serviços do SUAS, realidade esta bastante heterogênea territorialmente no país. É possível destacar também um processo de mudança de concepções hegemônicas a respeito da participação privada na oferta dos serviços do SUAS ao longo do processo de implementação deste sistema, com crescente reconhecimento, legitimação e, sobretudo, regulamentação de sua atuação na lógica dessa política nacional. Apesar do intenso esforço de regulamentação da atuação das OSC na política pública de assistência social, observou-se que o modo como os direcionamentos do SUAS são implementados por elas não é uniforme e pode envolver diferentes dinâmicas, que variam de acordo com os perfis organizacionais, os recursos de poder e os contextos territoriais e institucionais locais. / This Dissertation aims to discuss tensions and dilemmas in the provision of social assistance services by non-state actors, approaching the dynamics among state and civil society organizations (CSOs) in the field of social assistance in Brazil, especially concerning the current political context (from the 2000s) - which is defined by the performance of the Unified Social Assistance System (USAS). To this end, changes in the role of CSOs in the field of social assistance in Brazil are analysed, while effects of major events and regulatory frameworks are identified. Accordingly, the meaning and the implementation process of the USAS is discussed with regard to the state-CSOs relationship. Furthermore, the aim of this investigation was to identify the various conceptions of the current role of CSOs in social assistance policies. Among the main trends and results described, a significant participation of CSOs (in partnership with the government) in providing USAS services is prominent, besides a very heterogeneous reality in the country. A process of change in the hegemonic conceptions of private participation in the provision of USAS services throughout the system implementation was highlighted, mainly a growing recognition, legitimacy and, above all, regulation of its activities in the logics of national policy. In spite of the intense effort for regulating CSOs social assistance actions, it was observed that the way that the USAS directions are implemented by them is not uniform and may involve different dynamics that vary significantly corresponding to their organizational profiles, their power resources as well as their territorial and local institutional contexts

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T20:27:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Pedro Sotero de Albuquerque.pdf: 497514 bytes, checksum: 9ae8ae49ed53a55d1c4c0cf62f05b36f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-06-23 / The reform process of the Brazilian State that has been taking place over the last few decades has brought about a revision process of the concepts pertaining to the rendering of public services and the fomentation of public interest activities, focused on the need to reduce State participation in economic and social spheres. Amongst measures adopted for such, judicial titles for Social Organizations and Civil Society Organizations of Public Interest will be bestowed on beneficiary entities under specific legal conditions. Nonetheless, like any innovation to constitutional administrative law, the advent of these contracting modalities have caused the surfacing of innumerous doctrinarian and jurisprudence discussions, which postulate for a revision of the concepts that were previously consecrated in our positive judicial order. This undertaking is focused on analyzing these judicial titles and their relation to administrative activities and civil prerogatives, from the Brazilian constitutional law point of view / O processo de reforma do Estado brasileiro ocorrido nas últimas décadas trouxe a tona um processo de revisão dos conceitos de prestação de serviços públicos e fomento a atividades de interesse público, com foco na necessidade de redução a participação do Estado nas esferas econômica e social. Dentre as medidas adotadas para atender aos fins propostos, foram criados os títulos jurídicos de Organizações Sociais (OS) e Organizações da Sociedade Civil de Interesse Público (OSCIP), a serem outorgados a entidades beneficentes em determinadas condições legais. Contudo, como toda inovação ao direito constitucional administrativo, os adventos dessas modalidades de contratação trouxeram à baila inúmeras discussões doutrinárias e jurisprudenciais, que postularam por uma revisão de conceitos antes consagrados em nosso ordenamento jurídico positivo. O presente trabalho tem por foco analisar esses títulos jurídicos e suas relações com as atividades administrativas e prerrogativas civis, à luz do direito constitucional brasileiro

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-25T20:20:58Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Isabel Mattos Porto Pato.pdf: 1403126 bytes, checksum: be79cb44c26d3916d69a6dd87895ff7d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-06-03 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / The aim of this research is to examine the actions of civil society organizations in the cultural and artistic fields by identifying existing institutional profiles. Based on a historical context, in Brazil, three categories have been identified within the context of organized civil society working in the fields of art and culture organizations that provide cultural services, organizations that offer financial support to cultural projects and organizations that directly deal with populations and offer art and culture workshops. Working on the hypothesis of a fourth category, which would include organizations that develop actions related to the right to culture, this research examined the experience of Ação Educativa Assessoria, Pesquisa e Informação, which is an organization, stablished in 1994, whose work is guided by a human rights-based approach to art and culture. The organization focuses on artistic expressions produced in lowincome neighborhoods of the city of São Paulo, which are part of a more comprehensive movement known as cultura de periferia. This study is based on Marilena Chaui s concept of cultural citizenship, on the understanding of culture as a tool for social change and on the full right to culture: access, fruition, production and creation. Raymond Williams s concept of culture, its dimensions of popular culture and culture is ordinary. This is a challenging moment for civil society organizations with respect to their political and financial sustainability, since their reliability is being questioned and they have been facing project-funding difficulties. In view of this situation, they must reinvent themselves. And, certainly, getting connected with the cultural and artistic fields is a way of both reinventing themselves and expanding their scope of action. The increase in the number of cultural public programs has enabled this connection and has become an opportunity. These organizations have emerged from popular education and from the support to social movements; therefore, their actions are rooted in this way of thinking. In addition, when organizations deal with the human right to culture, they become spaces that foster the fight against social inequalities, as well as social transformation and a new project of society. The methodology of this research is a multidisciplinary analysis of the facts in its political, anthropologic/culture dimensions. Based on the bibliographic references and on the field research as strategies of analysis, as realization of interviews and participation on some events organized by Ação Educativa / Esta pesquisa tem como objetivo analisar a ação das organizações da sociedade civil no âmbito da cultura e das artes, identificando as formas distintas de perfis institucionais existentes. A partir de um contexto histórico no Brasil foi possível observar a existência de três eixos que constituem parâmetros para o contexto da sociedade civil organizada e vinculada à área temática da arte e cultura: as organizações que prestam serviços culturais; as que financiam projetos de cultura; e aquelas vinculadas ao atendimento às populações e que oferecem oficinas de arte e cultura. Na hipótese da existência de uma quarta vertente, que seriam as organizações que atuam pelo direito à cultura, esta pesquisa debruçou-se na experiência da Ação Educativa Assessoria, Pesquisa e Informação. Fundada em 1994, propõe-se a trabalhar cultura e arte na perspectiva dos direitos humanos, com foco nas manifestações artísticas produzidas nas regiões periféricas da cidade de São Paulo, por sujeitos inseridos numa mobilização mais ampla, conhecida por cultura de periferia . Para fundamentar a análise, partiu-se da compreensão da cultura para a transformação social e do direito à cultura na sua totalidade: acesso, fruição, produção e criação de bens culturais, utilizando, como referencial teórico, a noção de cidadania cultural apresentada por Marilena Chaui, assim como o conceito de cultura, de Raymond Williams, em suas dimensões de cultura popular, produzida e apropriada por sujeitos na vida cotidiana. O momento é complexo para a sustentabilidade financeira e política das organizações da sociedade civil, que têm sofrido ataques a sua idoneidade e dificuldade para a manutenção financeira dos seus projetos. Sendo assim, é preciso que elas se reinventem. E, a aproximação com o contexto cultural e das artes é uma forma de reinventar-se, de ampliar sua ação. O aumento dos programas públicos culturais possibilitou essa aproximação e configurou-se como uma oportunidade. Tais organizações surgiram da educação popular e do apoio aos movimentos sociais, e essa forma de pensar está enraizada em sua forma de fazer. Direito à cultura, quando trabalhado nas organizações, torna-se também espaço de luta contra as desigualdades e pela transformação social e por um projeto novo de sociedade. Metodologia pressupõe uma análise multidisciplinar que compreende a dimensão antropológica/cultural e política dos fenômenos. Estratégias de análise estão centradas no mapeamento e incorporação das referências bibliográficas e na pesquisa de campo

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-25T20:21:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Luis Miguel.pdf: 724273 bytes, checksum: 09871225c82425f87e93ad1dcac116fe (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-10-05 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This study focused on the discussion of the theme solidarity, under distinct perspectives- namely the liberal and the libertarian proposal. Having solidarity as the aim of the research, ways of expressing such reality have been sought, which led to the universe of the Civil Society Organization in its various expressions and realities. The study was initially carried out along with the Civil Society Organization of Londrina Paraná, which added up to a total of 162 entities studied in order to identify their main characteristics and profile. This has allowed to the creation of a reality like map that comprises the universe of the Civil Society Organization of the city. Later, four entities were selected to represent the diversity of initiatives, in which qualitative elements that were not included in the initial quantitative research were then deeply analyzed. The major directors of those organizations were interviewed to identify and analyze different perspectives. The qualitative investigation was guided by an interview script based on the objectives and issues of the research. The analyses showed important interpretative elements and mainly indicated the diversity of positioning that constitutes the universe of these entities in the city of Londrina, which opposes to the simplistic view of a phenomenon dominated by cohesion and uniformity of interests and actions. The wide divergences identified, plus the diversity of purposes and of world and society view that pervade the different organizations researched, functioned as the basis to choose the topic of this study, distinguished by libertarian and liberal solidarity / O presente trabalho concentrou-se na discussão da temática da solidariedade sob distintas perspectivas, nomeadamente a proposta liberal e a libertária. Tendo a solidariedade como mote principal de pesquisa, buscaram-se vias que pudessem expressar esta realidade, o que conduziu a abraçar o universo contemplado pelas Organizações da Sociedade Civil em suas inúmeras expressões e realidades. A pesquisa foi realizada inicialmente junto às Organizações da Sociedade Civil da cidade de Londrina Paraná, que somaram um total de 162 entidades, as quais foram abordadas no sentido de identificar as suas principais características e perfil. Isso permitiu a elaboração de um mapa, o mais próximo possível da realidade, que compreende o universo das Organizações da Sociedade Civil da cidade. Num segundo momento, foram selecionadas quatro entidades que representassem a heterogeneidade de iniciativas, em que se analisaram, de forma aprofundada, elementos qualitativos não abarcados pela pesquisa quantitativa inicial. Foram entrevistados os principais dirigentes destas organizações, ou/e figuras de destaque no seu corpo de trabalho, para a identificação e análise das diferentes perspectivas da realidade vivenciada. A investigação qualitativa foi orientada por um roteiro de entrevista baseado nos objetivos e problemas da pesquisa. As análises trouxeram ricos elementos interpretativos e principalmente ressaltaram a heterogeneidade de posicionamentos que compõe o universo destas entidades na cidade de Londrina, o que vem se opor à visão simplista de um fenômeno dominado pela coesão e uniformidade de interesses e de práticas de ação. As fortes divergências identificadas e a heterogeneidade de propósitos e de visão de mundo e de sociedade que permeiam as diferentes Organizações pesquisadas serviram de base para a escolha do próprio título da tese, que fez uso de duas dimensões desta realidade, caracterizando-se entre a solidariedade libertária e liberal