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This dissertation is a cultural history of Bithynia, a province of the Roman empire located in northwestern Turkey, in the 1st-3rd centuries CE. In Bithynia, rural settlements dominated the landscape, such that we might speak of cities as “islands” among the countryside. There is substantial evidence for the cultures of these people, in some 1,400 monuments which were carved with text and image primarily for religious and funerary purposes. This dissertation studies these inscriptions in order to write a fuller cultural history of Bithynia. It argues that cultural divides between rural and urban were in fact very permeable, and moreover that geographical boundaries between Bithynia and her neighbor, Phrygia, were also quite fluid. Yet at the same time, cultural differences between the two regions, as well as within Bithynia itself, can also be detected.

This thesis examines the Boxer Uprising which took place in China around the turn of the twentieth century as a domestic crisis in the United States and the means through which different factions within America shaped the popular perception of the event. It argues that American and Chinese interest groups successfully managed the crisis by developing a narrative that served to further their own interests. These efforts were geared towards convincing an uncertain American public of the necessity and righteousness of particular ways to respond to the crisis. The primary factor in this narrative was a malleable ideal of civilization centered on American concepts of industry, Christianity, and democracy. This thesis maintains that the print media of the day was the essential element for the distribution of this message, which allowed for an explanation to the crisis, the protection of Chinese citizens within the United States, justification for American actions abroad, and a speedy return to the status quo.

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The concern of this thesis is the role technology plays in organizational change. The specific issue addressed is the introduction of personal computers (PCs) into work organizations. A review of the literature suggested that both sociological and technological factors must be taken into account when discussing technological change. PC Week magazine contains strategies which various companies used in introducing personal computers. A thematic content analysis of PC Week was carried out to test certain hypotheses. The articles were also treated as contemporary historical documents. Questions addressed included whether PCs contribute to centralization or decentralization in organizations, whether PCs differ in their organizational effects to mainframes, whether PCs are more successful in some types of organizations than in others, and whether an "opinion leader" plays a significant role in the introduction of PCs. From the content analysis and the texts, it was concluded that technology did not determine organizational change. While technology determined the limits of certain tools (PCs), organizational goals determined how PCs were implemented. Limited support was drawn for the suggestion that an opinion leader played a role in PC introduction. Little support was gained for the remaining hypotheses. / Master of Science

The legitimation of science is an increasingly important issue in science studies. In this thesis, I examine the legitimation issue in a non-Euroamerican setting within the context of the Islamization of knowledge debate. The Islamization of knowledge debate emerged within the context of the perceived crisis of Islamic civilizational and concomitant crisis the intellectuals. Within the Islamization of knowledge, I describe three distinct approaches which I label traditional, indigenization, and nativization approaches. The legitimation used by the advocates of the Islamization of knowledge changed over time. The change is due to the increasing legitimacy and power the Islamization of knowledge gained in the last two decades. This increasing legitimacy has led to the exclusion the most traditional views on science and to disciplinary infighting between advocates of the different Islamization strategies. Each approach to science uses different legitimation strategies and has different objectives. The advocates of traditional approach are trying to maintain the status quo. The advocates of the indigenization approach are trying to change power relationships in their favor by constructing themselves as the modern ulama who would make policy-decisions based on their possession of knowledge relevant to Islamic civilization. The advocates of the nativization approach are trying to change power relationships in their favor by reconstructing science from its epistemological foundations using Islamic concepts. / Master of Science

王若梅. / "2002年6月" / 論文 (哲學碩士)--香港中文大學, 2002. / 參考文獻 (leaves 112-125) / 附中英文摘要. / "2002 nian 6 yue" / Wang Ruomei. / Lun wen (zhe xue shuo shi)--Xianggang Zhong wen da xue, 2002. / Can kao wen xian (leaves 112-125) / Fu Zhong Ying wen zhai yao. / 論文提要 --- p.i / 引言 --- p.1 / Chapter 一´Ø --- 關於《良友》的幾個角度 --- p.1 / Chapter 二´Ø --- 文化懷舊的歷史意義 --- p.2 / Chapter 第一章 --- 從《良友》畫報到《良友》硏究 --- p.4 / Chapter 一´Ø --- 《良友》簡介 --- p.4 / Chapter 二´Ø --- 研究背景與思路 --- p.6 / Chapter 三´Ø --- 選擇《良友》的理由與硏究狀況 --- p.10 / Chapter 四´Ø --- 時段、材料、理論方法 --- p.15 / Chapter 第二章 --- 良友在上海 --- p.19 / Chapter 第一節 --- 嶺南來的伍聯德 --- p.19 / Chapter 第二節 --- 伍聯德´Ø《良友》´Ø上海 --- p.33 / Chapter 第三節 --- 良友公司二十年簡史 --- p.41 / Chapter 第三章 --- 《良友》的文本解讀 --- p.48 / Chapter 第一節 --- 編讀磨合出的《良友》基調 --- p.49 / Chapter 第二節 --- 作爲引導者的《良友》 --- p.61 / Chapter 第四章 --- 《良友》的意義與比較 --- p.90 / Chapter 第一節 --- 《良友》所處時代的出版業背景介紹 --- p.90 / Chapter 第二節 --- 與同時代畫報的比較 --- p.95 / Chapter 第三節 --- 《時代》、《良友》和一九三四年的《大眾》 --- p.99 / 結語：誰之良友？ --- p.105 / 參考書目 --- p.112

This thesis engages with Taiwanese history by offering a reading of Hou Hsiaohsien???s A City of Sadness (1989), making reference to the film???s historical dimensions, cultural representations and gender issues in the period 1945 to 1949. In addition, Hou???s cinematography is detailed with comparison to Yasujiro Ozu and the influences of Japanese colonisation. Hou???s immense contribution to Taiwanese film consists principally in a Taiwanese trilogy that traces Taiwan???s history in the 20th century. In The Puppet Master (1993) Hou details the era of Japanese colonisation from 1895 to the restoration of Taiwan by the Kuomintang in 1945. Later, A City of Sadness focuses on the fate of the Lin family from 1945 to 1949, which epitomises people???s life in Taiwan during the initial stages of Kuomintang domination. Finally, Good Men, Good Women (1995) highlights two different eras in Taiwan: the political movement in the 1950s and the pop culture in the 1990s. The thesis uses illustrations from all three films to explore Hou???s historical, cultural and gender representations. In order to understand Hou???s ideology and beliefs in greater depth, I also review his autobiographical film, A Time to Live, and A Time to Die (1985). This thesis examines Taiwan???s indigenous culture and the impact of Japanese and Chinese cultural practices in A City of Sadness through the post-colonial theories of Perry Anderson, Homi Bhabha, and Chris Berry. I draw on their theories of cultural hegemony and my empiricism to investigate Hou???s representation of the political situation in Taiwan. Finally, the thesis evaluates gender issues in A City of Sadness, with reference to Julia Kristeva???s notion of ???feminine time??? and the debate between Emilie Yeh and Mizou concerning ???whether women can really enter history???. In evaluating A City of Sadness I argue that Hou Hsiao-hsien???s use of a family???s microhistory to parallel the national macro-history of the February 28th Incident opens an important historical window through which the audience may re-encounter and reflect on Taiwan???s past, and think positively about its future.