Global ETD Search

1	Clean cooking in sub-Saharan Africa: modeling the cooking fuel mix to 2050 Casteleyn, Henri January 2017 (has links) As of 2014, 81% of sub-Saharan population or 792 million people rely on the traditional use of biomass to provide in their cooking needs. This situation causes harmful health, environmental, and development hazards with a substantial annual economic cost of USD58.2 billion. The concern about the issue of access to clean cooking facilities is growing as international organizations and national governments define steps to transform the existing situation. Literature provides a good view on determinants for the cooking fuel choice in developing regions, but comprehensive outlooks for the future cooking fuel mix in sub-Saharan countries are limited. To this extent, the presented master's thesis aims to shed light on a history-inspired pathway for the evolution of the biomass dominated cooking fuel mix in sub-Saharan countries to 2050. A quantitative model was developed to estimate the future uptake of various cooking technologies, from which the fuel mix can be derived using energy intensities. Projections were constructed for urban and rural areas in 45 countries. Economic development, population expansion, urbanization, and to a certain extent policies are the key drivers of the model. Despite a moderate improvement in the share of population relying on traditional biomass, 808 million people in sub-Saharan Africa are expected to make use of traditional three-stone fires in 2050, an increase compared to 2014. Biomass remains the dominant cooking fuel as a result of limited switching and the low efficiency of employed stoves. Driven by higher incomes and a better developed infrastructure, urban areas experience a faster shift to modern fuels. Demand for LPG grows at an annual rate of 6% across sub-Saharan Africa, in sharp contrast with the phase out of kerosene and the limited uptake of electric cookstoves. The speed of evolutions is dissimilar across countries because of differences in economic growth and urbanization, and non-homogeneous starting points. The results demonstrate the vast size of the challenge to improve living conditions in sub-Saharan Africa and suggest that universal access by 2030, a target stated by several international organizations, is rather unrealistic. clean cooking biomass sub-Saharan Africa Engineering and Technology Teknik och teknologier
2	Adoption of high-technology products in emerging markets: The ACE-1 advanced biomass cookstove in rural Cambodia Baltruschat, Anne January 2019 (has links) This study examines the adoption of clean cooking technologies in developing countries with a focus on the ACE-1 advanced biomass stove (ABS). Marginalized communities in rural environments are often exposed to high levels of Household Air Pollution (HAP) due to the common use of traditional cookstoves. The United Nations (UN) has recognized the adoption of clean cooking technology like the ABS as a key driver and high-impact opportunity in the context of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. Nonetheless, the context for adoption is complex. Adoption depends on numerous variables, that can enable or hinder the uptake of modern cookstoves. This study is based on the assumption, that adoption starts with the decision-making process and acquisition of the stove. Based on a field study in rural Cambodia, this research focuses on users at the initial stage of adoption. By means of questionnaire-based interviews, this study identifies how variables related to ‘fuel and technology’ and ‘household and setting’ affect the likeliness of adoption and what opportunities can be identified to facilitate the process of adoption. The study finds, that ABS-suitable biomass fuels are available and accessible in rural Cambodia. Besides, the production of renewable biomass fuels like pellets is growing, which provides opportunities for collaboration with stove distributors. The study confirms the common practice of stove stacking and points out the strong market presence of Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) stoves. Market activities need to consider these factors and highlight the competitive advantages of AB, namely fuel efficiency and cost savings. Finally, the impact of social influence and peer relations should be further researched and taken into consideration for sales and marketing activities. Sustainable Development Energy access Clean cooking Advanced biomass stoves Adoption Earth and Related Environmental Sciences Geovetenskap och miljövetenskap
3	Long term gasifier usage : A follow up study on biochar-producing gasifier stove use in Kenya / Förgasningsspis i det långa loppet : En uppföljningsstudie om användning av en biokolsproducerande förgasningsspis i Kenya Lagerhammar, Alice Håkansson, Sandgren, Noah January 2022 (has links) In Kenya, lack of clean cooking services affect around 80 % of the population. A range of improved cookstoves (ICS) have been produced to address this. This study aims to investigate the long-term usage of an improved stove, the biochar producing gasifier. The stove was distributed to 150 rural households divided between three regions in Kenya, in a research project in 2016. This follow-up study looked at areas of stove satisfaction and dissatisfaction among participants, as well as identifying key factors which separate users from non-users. All 150 were asked a few questions over the phone and 30 were visited for in-depth, survey-based interviews. Most households used the traditional three stone open fire stove for everyday purposes, sometimes complemented by the gasifier or other ICSs[CS1] [CS2] . 60 % of households used the gasifier at least monthly. Users and non-users rated the gasifier stove similarly. They varied in terms of stove ownership with users owning on average half a stove more than non-users. User households were generally larger. The gasifier was a fuel efficient stove and created little smoke, but was considered too small and required tiresome fuel preparation. The reported problems cannot be fixed unless thoroughly changing the stove design and possibly the gasification process itself, and without addressing them the gasifier is unlikely to replace the three stone stove. The study recognizes the potential of the gasifier as an improved stove, but calls for creative redesign in order to achieve mass adoption. / I Kenya påverkar bristen på matlagningsutrustning som är säker ur hälso- och miljösynpunkt runt 80 % av befolkningen. Traditionellt lagas mat över öppen eld. En mängd spisar har producerats i syfte att förändra detta. I denna studie undersöktes långtidsanvändningen av en spis, en biokolsproducerande förgasningsspis. Spisen delades ut till 150 hushåll på landsbygden, jämnt fördelade på tre regioner i landet i ett forskningsprojekt år 2016-7. Denna uppföljningsstudie tittar på vilka aspekter hos spisen som forskningsdeltagarna tyckt om respektive funnit utmanande, samt vad som skiljde användare från de som slutat använda spisen. En kort telefonintervju gjordes med alla, och med 30 gjordes djupgående, enkätbaserade intervjuer. Resultaten visade att de flesta hushåll lagade mat över öppen eld till vardags, ibland kompletterat med förgasningsspisen eller andra spisar. 60 % av hushållen använde förgasningsspisen minst en gång i månaden. Användare och icke-användare hade liknande åsikter om förgasningsspisen. Användare ägde i genomsnitt en halv spis mer än icke-användare. Hushåll som använde förgasningsspisen var generellt sett större. Förgasningsspisen ansågs vara en bränslesnål spis och bara skapa en liten mängd rök, men ansågs vara för liten. Den krävde också mer ansträngande bränsleförberedning. De rapporterade problemen går inte att åtgärda utan att ändra förgasningsspisens design i grunden och eventuellt själva förgasningprocessen, och utan att åtgärda dem kommer förgasningsspisen sannolikt inte att ersätta matlagning över öppen eld. Studien understryker förgasningsspisen potential, men kräver kreativ omdesign för att uppnå massanvändning. Sub-Saharan Africa Kenya Clean Cooking Biochar Cooking Gasifier Stove Fuel Preparation Subsahariska Afrika Kenya matlagning biokol förgasning Bränsleförberedning Energy Engineering Energiteknik
4	Organisational Learning in Business Model Innovation in the Bottom of Pyramid market : An empirical fieldwork about the market introduction of clean cookstoves in Mozambique Premer, Stefan, Nansubuga, Brenda January 2018 (has links) There is a need for cleaner technology initiatives into the Bottom of the Pyramid (BoP) market to combat the effects of climate change. The difficulty of these initiatives lies in their business model innovation process, as those organisations struggle in finding adequate strategies to establish their business in the BoP market. The BoP market is characterised as highly uncertain, which makes the operation of businesses challenging. Hereby the thesis aims at answering the question on how organisational learning occurs in business model innovation in the BoP market. Through a case study approach, the thesis intends to understand the requirements to establish a functioning business model by analysing organisational learning under business model innovation within the BoP market. This has been realised through a three week field study in Northern Mozambique, observing the market introduction of a cleantech company operating in this context. Hereby the business model innovation process and the environment of operation was analysed. This research contributes to the current discussion of business model innovation in BoP markets by detecting organisational learning as a useful mechanism and adding relevant insights on how organisational learning occurs in this specific context. Therefore the study opens the discussion on organisational learning in business model innovation in the context of the BoP market by asking for further studies on the topic. Organisational Learning Organizational Learning Knowledge Knowledge Transfer Experimental Learning Experiental Learning SECI Tacit Explicit External Learning Internal Learning Learning from the environment Business Model Business Model Innovation Bottom of Pyramid Bottom of Pyramid market BoP cleantech clean technology clean cookstoves clean cooking gasification cashew cashew nut cashew nut shells market introduction Mozambique Africa Sub-Saharan Africa development sustainability climate change renewable energies ethnographic studies fieldwork Environmental Management Miljöledning Climate Research Klimatforskning Environmental Sciences Miljövetenskap Business Administration Företagsekonomi Globalisation Studies Globaliseringsstudier Human Geography Kulturgeografi Social Anthropology Socialantropologi

1

Page generated in 0.0459 seconds