During an excavation at Old Uppsala 571 raw garnets was found. In comparison with similar fragments from other sites in Sweden my aim was to prove a completely domestic production of garnets for cloisonné work. I have chosen to look at the archaeological sites of Old Uppsala, Valsta, Slöinge and Paviken and more closely at the material from Old Uppsala and Valsta. My theoretical framework has been to look at the garnets own agency in the contemporary society. Garnet cloisonné was a popular jewellery form during the Merovingian period on the continent although it came to an end in the early 7th century. It was during this time in Scandinavia a new sort of garnet, technique and paste was introduced and the garnet cloisonné was profoundly used for the gear of the elite and ritual objects. I believe to have showed that from the 7thcentury and onwards the whole production was domestic but further investigation of the garnets, mostly of a chemical nature, is required. / Gamla Uppsala - framväxten av ett mytiskt centrum

<p>This thesis is a historical archaeological essay and deals with the Frankish empire and its sway over the European area. The aim of this essay has been to examine if the sway of the Franks reached the Scandinavian area. The Frankish empire was the most influential power in Western Europe from the 6th century until the death of Charlemagne 814 AD, when the kingdom began to disrupt. The essay is divided into three parts. The first part is a background where I describe the Frankish empire in a historical context. The second part contains the archaeological finds. The third part contains a discussion and conclusions.</p>

This thesis is a historical archaeological essay and deals with the Frankish empire and its sway over the European area. The aim of this essay has been to examine if the sway of the Franks reached the Scandinavian area. The Frankish empire was the most influential power in Western Europe from the 6th century until the death of Charlemagne 814 AD, when the kingdom began to disrupt. The essay is divided into three parts. The first part is a background where I describe the Frankish empire in a historical context. The second part contains the archaeological finds. The third part contains a discussion and conclusions.

Pour respecter les droits d'auteur, la version électronique de ce mémoire a été dépouillée de certains documents visuels. La version intégrale du mémoire a été déposée à la Division de la gestion des documents et des archives. / Le Staffordshire Hoard est un trésor anglo-saxon qui date des 6e et 7e siècles qui fut découvert en juillet 2009 par un détectoriste dans un champ du comté du Staffordshire en Angleterre. Ce trésor est composé d’environ 4600 fragments d’artéfacts représentant pour la plupart des garnitures d’épées en or et en argent. Bien que nous retrouvions aussi dans le Hoard certains objets ecclésiastiques, comme une grande croix en or ainsi qu’une bande inscrite en latin, aucune pièce de monnaie ne fut retrouvée, ni aucune lame d’épée. Le Staffordshire Hoard pose beaucoup de questions, notamment par sa composition inédite et aussi en raison du mauvais état dans lequel les objets furent retrouvés. Depuis sa découverte en 2009, les chercheurs se sont majoritairement posé les mêmes questions, à savoir de quel type de Hoard il s’agit, à qui il appartient et pourquoi il fut enterré. Avec ce mémoire, nous allons plutôt emprunter un autre chemin. En effet, nous étudierons plutôt les aspects matériels et techniques de la construction des artéfacts en or décorés avec la technique du cloisonné, et particulièrement le seax set. Ceci nous permettra dans un premier temps de comprendre comment ce type d’objet fut fabriqué par une société en particulier à l’époque du haut Moyen-Âge. Dans un second temps, l’étude de ces sujets aidera à répondre à une question qui fut souvent mise de côté par les différents chercheurs s’étant intéressés au Staffordshire Hoard, à savoir pourquoi aucune lame d’épée ne fut retrouvée dans cet assemblage. / The Staffordshire Hoard is an Anglo-Saxon treasure dating from the 6th and 7th centuries that was discovered in July 2009 by a detectorist in a field in the county of Staffordshire, England. This treasure is composed of approximately 4600 fragments of artefacts representing mostly gold and silver sword fittings. Although some ecclesiastical items were also found in the Hoard, such as a gold Great Cross and a Latin inscribed strip, neither coins nor sword blades were found. The Staffordshire Hoard raises many questions, due to its unusual composition and the poor condition in which the objects were found. Since its discovery in 2009, researchers have mostly asked the same questions, namely what type of hoard it is, to whom it belongs and why it was buried. With this dissertation, we will take a different path. Instead, we will study the material and technical aspects of the construction of gold artefacts decorated with the cloisonné technique, specifically the seax set. This will allow us in first place to understand how this type of object was made by a particular society in the early Middle Ages. Secondly, the study of these objects will help us to answer a question that has often been put aside by various researchers interested in the Staffordshire Hoard, namely why no sword blades were found in this assemblage.

At the end of the 17th century, a small enameled cross was discovered in one of the royal graves in Saint Bendt's church in Danish Ringsted. According to the record of the administrator of the Danish Royal Treasury, the cross was found in the grave of the Danish Queen Dagmar - the daughter of the King of Bohemia, Ottokar I (+1230). Dagmar was married in 1205 to Valdemar II the Victorious, the King of Denmark. The cross - today exhibited at the National Museum in Copenhagen - is undoubtedly a Byzantine work. Most probably, it was made in the first half of the 12th century. It is so- called enkolpion, i.e. the hanging cross (gr. Έγϰόλπιου, on the chest). Both its sides are decorated with figurative scenes. The crucifixion of the Christ is depicted on one side. The Great Deēsis with St. Basil the Great and St. John Chrysostom is shown on the other side. There is a hollow in the body of the cross, in which a relic was deposited - most likely a particle of the wood of the True Cross. Although the Queen Dagmar's Cross is considered a national treasure in Denmark, only a little attention has been paid to it so far. It is almost unknown to the Czech researchers (it is briefly mentioned by J. E. Wocel, A. B. Černý, J. Květ, K. Chytil and most recently P. Balcárek). Regrettably, the most of researchers only...