The coastline of the city of Aracaju in Sergipe/Brazil, extending approximately for 24 km, is limited by the mouth of the Sergipe river in the north and the mouth of Vaza-Barris river in the south. In this work 7 beaches along Aracaju littoral were studied (Mosqueiro, Refúgio, Náufragos, Robalo, Aruana, Atalaia and Artistas), comprising 24 sampling points. The purpose of this dissertation is to outline the erosion and accretion processes of the Aracaju coastal area by using geoindicators of coastal erosion and accretion. The methodology included field campaigns over rainy (Aug/12) and dry (Feb/13) seasons, spatial geoindicators data, human settlement mapping and the development of coastal erosion vulnerability and risk maps using the ArcGIS 9.3.1 program. The Aracaju coastal area is characterized by beaches (ocean and estuary), surrounded by Quaternary sedimentary deposits predominantly from wind (foredune) and, by anthropogenic containment structures against coastal erosion. The erosion process is more effective on the beaches situated in contiguous areas to the mouths of Sergipe River ( Praia dos Artistas ), Vaza-Barris River ( Praia do Mosqueiro ) and in the middle of the beach arc ( Praia do Refúgio and Praia dos Náufragos , in the rainy season). The settlement level is high on the beaches of Praia da Atalaia , Praia dos Artistas , and non-existent on the beach of Praia do Mosqueiro . The coastal erosion vulnerability is high to moderately high on the beaches of Praia dos Artistas , Praia do Mosqueiro , Praia do Refúgio , Praia dos Náufragos , Praia da Aruana and Praia da Atalaia ; and moderately low to low in the other beaches. Depending on the coastal erosion vulnerability index and the human settlement level, the risk of coastal erosion is high on the beach of Praia dos Artistas and moderately high on the beaches of Praia do Refúgio , Praia dos Náufragos and Praia da Atalaia ; and moderately low to low in the other beaches. Although the coast of Aracaju pointed out a high risk just on the beach Praia dos Artistas , attention should be given to areas most vulnerable to erosion due to the intensification of human settlement over recent decades. The results of this study provide baseline information for environmental planning in the area analyzed, especially with regard to the human settlement near to the shoreline. / O litoral do município de Aracaju, Sergipe, com cerca de 24 km de extensão, é limitado a norte pela desembocadura do rio Sergipe e a sul pela desembocadura do rio Vaza-Barris. Neste trabalho foram estudadas 7 praias do litoral de Aracaju (Mosqueiro, Refúgio, Náufragos, Robalo, Aruana, Atalaia e Artistas), totalizando 24 pontos amostrais. O objetivo dessa dissertação de mestrado é caracterizar o processo de erosão e de acumulação do litoral do município de Aracaju através da utilização de geoindicadores de erosão e de acumulação costeira. A metodologia incluiu campanhas de campo no período chuvoso (agosto/2012) e no período seco (fevereiro/2013), espacialização dos dados de geoindicadores, e mapeamento da ocupação humana e elaboração dos mapas de vulnerabilidade e risco à erosão costeira no programa ArcGis 9.3.1. O litoral de Aracaju caracteriza-se por apresentar praias, oceânicas e de desembocadura, bordejadas por depósitos sedimentares quaternários, predominantemente de origem eólica (dunas frontais), e por estruturas antrópicas de contenção à erosão costeira. O processo erosivo é mais efetivo nas praias situadas nas áreas contíguas às desembocaduras dos rios Sergipe (Praia dos Artistas) e Vaza-Barris (Praias do Mosqueiro), e no meio do arco praial (Praias do Refúgio e dos Náufragos, no período chuvoso). O nível de ocupação é alto nas praias da Atalaia e dos Artistas, e inexistente nas praias do Mosqueiro. A vulnerabilidade à erosão costeira é alta a moderadamente alta nas praias dos Artistas, do Mosqueiro, do Refúgio, dos Náufragos, da Aruana e da Atalaia; e moderadamente baixa a baixa nas demais praias. Em função do grau de vulnerabilidade à erosão costeira e do nível de ocupação humana, o risco à erosão costeira é alto na praia dos Artistas e moderadamente alto nas praias do Refúgio, dos Náufragos e da Atalaia; e moderadamente baixo a baixo nas demais praias. Apesar do litoral de Aracaju apresentar risco elevado apenas na praia dos Artistas, atenção deve ser dada nas áreas mais vulneráveis à erosão em função da intensificação do processo de ocupação humana ocorrida nas últimas décadas. Os resultados deste estudo fornecem subsídios ao planejamento ambiental da área investigada, principalmente no que diz respeito à ocupação humana próxima à linha de costa.

Orientadores: Carlos Alfredo Joly, Leila da Costa Ferreira / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-24T02:30:45Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Teixeira_LeonardoRibeiro_D.pdf: 7185624 bytes, checksum: a98d6b3a79f4b0133f221dbd8a3a1a95 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013 / Resumo: Como a instalação acumulada de Megaprojetos se relaciona com a transformação social e ambiental no Litoral Norte Paulista? Para responder a essa questão foram analisados 13 estudos de impacto ambiental de grandes projetos de infraestrutura em licenciamento ambiental na região. Através da construção de uma matriz de impacto integrada foram avaliados 7 atributos-chave (ambientais, sociais e econômicos) para a identificação e análise dos efeitos integrados dos Megaprojetos. As relações instituídas entre os empreendedores, o governo e a comunidade foram analisados à luz da Teoria da Modernização Ecológica, buscando verificar até que ponto a presença dos Megaprojetos poderia revelar o desenvolvimento de um novo modelo de crescimento econômico sem desequilíbrio ambiental, ou se a instalação e operação destes projetos apenas agravaria os atuais problemas da região. Os resultados indicam que a avaliação ambiental de projetos, conduzida de maneira segregada, compromete a identificação, bem como a devida mitigação dos impactos, gerando prejuízos ambientais e sociais. Além disso, indicam também uma possível mudança na vocação regional, atualmente de conservação e turismo para uma economia com participação cada vez mais relevante das atividades industriais, ligadas principalmente ao complexo da indústria do petróleo e gás. Por sua vez, essa nova vocação, apesar dos impactos sociais e ambientais negativos, revela indícios de um processo de Modernização Ecológica regionalizado, apresentando, em alguns aspectos, ganhos ambientais e econômicos simultâneos. Esta pesquisa está vinculada ao projeto temático: ?Urban Growth, Vulnerability and Adaptation: social and ecological dimensions of climate change on the Coast of São Paulo - Program on Global Climate Change? (FAPESP processo - 08/581597) / Abstract: How Megaprojects' cumulative installation is related to social and environmental transformation in the Northern Coast of São Paulo state? To answer this question we analyzed 13 environmental impact studies of large infrastructure projects in environmental licensing process developed in the region. By building a matrix of integrated impact was evaluated 7 key attributes (environmental, social and economic) for the identification and analysis of the integrated effects of Megaprojects. The relationships established between entrepreneurs, government and the community were analyzed according to the Theory of Ecological Modernization, in order to verify in what extent the presence of Megaprojects could reveal the development of a new model in the relationship between economic growth and environmental conservation, or if the installation and operation of these projects only aggravate the current environmental and social problems. The results indicate that the environmental assessment of projects, conducted in a segregated way, undertakes the identification and mitigation of impacts, generating environmental and social damage to the region. Moreover, they suggest a possible change in regional vocation, currently of conservation and tourism to an economy with increasing participation of relevant industrial activities. In turn, this new vocation reveals evidence of a process of Ecological Modernization regionalized, with, in some aspects, environmental and economic benefits simultaneously. This research is linked to the project theme: "Urban Growth, Vulnerability and Adaptation: social and ecological dimensions of climate change on the Coast of São Paulo - Program on Global Climate Change" (FAPESP processo - 08/581597) / Doutorado / Aspectos Biológicos de Sustentabilidade e Conservação / Doutor em Ambiente e Sociedade

Environmental research has become one of the ways of assessing the complexity that involves the relationship between anthro-natural. In Brazil, the occupation of coastal environments causes significant impacts on the intense exploitation of natural resources. Consequently, it is possible to detect changes in the natural landscape such as the disorderly occupation of the soil, pollution and other activities that cause environmental degradation in coastal zone. Based on this approach, the aim of this study is the integrated study of the geo-environmental units and the environmental impacts in the coastal zone of Piauí, specifically in the municipality of Ilha Grande - PI, located at distance 338 km from the State capital Teresina. One of the consequences of this growth process and demographic concentrations in certain regions of the coastal zone is the decrease of life quality of a significant proportion of the population living in these areas and the increasing and rapid degradation of the environment, resulting in negative impacts for society. This makes the geosystem method a tool that allows understanding the dynamics of landscape; and its relationship with the anthropic action. The geosystem is the starting point of this analysis, focusing on the location, interpretation and spatialization as the main aim of this research. Indeed, geoenvironmental units were defined, the geological and geomorphological characteristics, taking into account the forms of use and occupation of the same. Based on techno-scientific parameters and on the socio-economic reality, the final phase included the geo-environmental mapping of the municipality, taking into consideration its characteristics and the possibilities and limitations of the area. A plan for integrated management of the coastal zone is part of the final product of this work. Moreover, four main zone are suggested: a preservation zone, a balance or retention zone, a development zone and a recovery zone. / Atualmente as pesquisas de cunho ambiental têm se tornado uma das formas de apreciação da complexa relação antropo-natural. No Brasil, a ocupação dos ambientes costeiros tem expressivos impactos a partir da exploração intensa dos recursos naturais, que, por conseguinte vem ocasionando alterações na paisagem natural como: ocupação desordenada do solo, poluição, entre outras atividades que geram a degradação ambiental nas zonas costeiras. Com base nesse enfoque, a presente pesquisa tem como pressuposto os estudos integrados das unidades geoambientais e os impactos na zona costeira piauiense, especificamente no município de Ilha Grande - PI, localizado a 338 km da capital Teresina. Uma das consequências do processo de crescimento e concentração demográfica em determinadas regiões da zona costeira, tem sido a redução da qualidade de vida de uma parcela expressiva da população residente nessas áreas e a degradação crescente e acelerada do meio ambiente, provocando efeitos negativos que impõem pesados custos à sociedade. Isso faz do método geossistêmico um instrumento, que possibilita compreender a dinâmica da paisagem; e as relações inerentes à mesma com a ação antrópica. O geossistema é o ponto de partida da presente análise, focalizando a localização, a interpretação e a espacialização como objetivo geral da pesquisa. Com efeito, foram definidas as unidades geoambientais, a caracterização geológico-geomorfológica, levando em consideração as formas de uso e ocupação das mesmas. Como etapa conclusiva baseada em parâmetros técnicocientíficos e na realidade socioeconômica, foi proposto um mapa geoambiental do município, resguardado de suas características, a apresentação das potencialidades e limitações da área. Sugestiona-se, um plano de gestão integrada da zona costeira como produto final do presente trabalho. Também propõem-se quatro grandes zonas, a saber: zona de preservação, zona de equilíbrio ou conservação, zona de desenvolvimento e zona de recuperação.

Esta dissertação foi realizada junto ao Projeto Lagoas Costeiras 3, patrocinado pela Petrobras e desenvolvido por pesquisadores da Universidade de Caxias do Sul (UCS), entre 2014 e 2016. O estudo foi feito por meio de uma pesquisa exploratória de natureza qualitativa e teve como objetivo identificar, caracterizar e mapear as atividades do turismo de aventura no município de Osório-RS, dentro de uma perspectiva ambiental. Utilizou-se como técnicas de levantamento de dados visitas de reconhecimento à região, observação in loco com registro fotográfico e entrevista com ofertantes do segmento de aventura. As entrevistas foram aplicadas a nove operadoras especializadas em atividades de aventura, foram transcritas, tabuladas e analisadas para interpretação dos resultados. As visitas e observações in loco complementaram as informações obtidas pelas entrevistas. Em Osório, foram identificadas 12 modalidades do segmento (Kitesurf, Stand up paddle, Barco a Vela, Windsurf, Canoagem, Planador, Paraglider, Paramotor, Asa Delta, Mountain Bike, Caminhada em trilhas e Cavalgada). Entre os serviços oferecidos pelas operadoras, 65% são desenvolvidos na água, 20% no ar e 15% na terra. Chegou-se a uma estimativa de 4.060 atendimentos realizados por ano nas operações de aventura em Osório, em sua maioria, oriundos da grande Porto Alegre, Vale do Sinos e Serra Gaúcha. Dos nove entrevistados, oito relataram preocupar-se com a qualidade do ambiente onde realizam suas atividades, dos quais dois realizam ações para sensibilizar seus clientes sobre a conservação dos locais onde as atividades são desenvolvidas. Os resultados indicam a vocação do município para o turismo de aventura, devido sua diversidade de recursos naturais, lagoas, montanha e oceano, além, da presença marcante do vento, possibilitando a prática de 60% das modalidades identificadas. Uma característica marcante para o turismo em Osório é sua posição geográfica, localizada a cerca de 90 km da capital do estado, Porto Alegre, assim como possuir vias de acesso de qualidade o que facilita o deslocamento até o local. Osório possui características geográficas e paisagísticas que poderiam tornar o município um destino turístico de contato com a natureza, priorizando a qualidade de vida por meio do lazer somado ao esporte, saúde e aventura. / PETROBRAS / This study was conducted at the Coastal Lagoons Project 3, sponsored by Petrobras and developed by researchers at the University of Caxias do Sul (UCS), between 2014 and 2016. The study was done by an exploratory research of qualitative nature. The objective was to identify, characterize and map the adventure tourism activities in the city of Osório-RS, within an environmental perspective. It was used as reconnaissance visits for data collection techniques to the region, on-site observation with photographic records and interviews with offerors segment of adventure. The interviews were applied of nine specialized operators in adventure activities, were transcribed, tabulated and analyzed to interpret the results. The visits and on-site observations complement the information from the interviews. In Osorio, were identified 12 activities (kitesurf, stand up paddle, boat sailing, windsurfing, canoeing, glider, paraglider, parafly, hang gliding, mountain biking, hiking trails and horseback riding). Among the services offered by operators, 65% are developed in water, 20% air and 15% on earth. It was estimated 4.060 attendances per year in adventure operations in Osório, coming from Porto Alegre, Vale dos Sinos and Serra Gaucha. Of the nine respondents, eight reported to worry about the quality of the environment where they perform their activities. Two operators take actions to educate their customers about the conservation of the sites where the activities are developed. The results indicate the city's potential for adventure tourism due to its diversity of natural resources, lakes, mountain and ocean. In addition, receiving enough wind allowing practice 60% of the identified activities. A striking feature for tourism in Osório is its geographical position, located about 90 km from the state capital, Porto Alegre. It also has quality access roads which facilitates transportation to the site. Osório has geographical and landscape features that could make the city a tourist destination. Promoting contact with nature, prioritizing the quality of life through leisure added to sport, health and adventure.

Philosophiae Doctor - PhD / Ocean Governance in South Africa has gained momentum over the last decade with the publication of the Green and White Papers on the National Environmental Management of the Ocean in 2012 and 2014, and the promulgation of the Marine Spatial Planning Act in 2019. Parallel to this South Africa developed and implemented the Operation Phakisa Ocean Economy Development Programme and declared a network of twenty Marine Protected Areas. The timing of this study over the last five years allowed the opportunity to undertake a detailed study of the Ocean Governance Policy Development and Implementation as the formulation of the policy and its early implementation unfolded. The Study is primarily based on interpretation of the Green and White Papers as the primary and directed ocean governance policies produced by the Government of South African and the National Department of Environmental Affairs. It places these most recent specific ocean environmental policies in the context of the many other environmental policies that exits in the country.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Meteorology and Physical Oceanography, 1981. / MICROFICHE COPY AVAILABLE IN ARCHIVES AND LINDGREN. / Vita. / Bibliography: leaves 255-261. / by Neal Robert Pettigrew. / Ph.D.

Traditionally archaeology has referred to the anthropic sediments accumulated around prehistoric settlements with the blanket term ‘midden’. This is now recognised as an inadequate term to describe the complex formation processes and functions represented in these sediments. This thesis reviewed the body of evidence accumulated over the past century of research into Neolithic and Bronze Age settlements on the islands of the Scottish North Atlantic seaboard and extrapolated the many occurrences of ‘midden’. Several contexts emerged for these sediments including interior floors, hearths, exterior occupational surfaces, dumped deposits, building construction materials and abandonment infill. In addition, ‘midden’ is described added to cultivated soils to form fertile anthrosols. The way in which prehistoric communities exploited this material for agriculture and construction has been described through geoarchaeological research which implied that to past communities ‘midden’ was a valuable resource. This led to the formation of a model based upon a human ecodynamics framework to hypothesise sediment formation pathways. Rescue excavation at the Links of Noltland, Westray provided an opportunity to conduct a holistic landscape and fine resolution based study of Neolithic and Bronze Age settlement to test this model. The research incorporated auger survey, archaeological and geoarchaeological excavation, thin section micromorphology and SEM EDX analyses. Sediments identified in literature review and recovered from the field site were described using this toolkit and set within a cultural and environmental context. Results demonstrate that anthropic materials were incorporated into all contexts examined. Discrete burning and maintenance activities were found to have taken place during the gradual accumulation of open-air anthropic sediments whilst incorporation of fuel residues and hearth waste into floors lead to the gradual formation of ‘living floors’ inside structures. An unexpected discovery was evidence of animal penning within late Neolithic/Early Bronze Age settlement and the in situ burning of stabling waste. Three types iv | P a g e of land management strategy which relied upon the input of anthropic sediments were evidenced and the range and extent of anthropic inclusions in the landscape recorded. Spatial interpolation of auger survey data utilised a new sub-surface modelling technique being developed by the British Geological Survey to explore soil stratigraphic relationships in 3D. SEM EDX analysis supported micromorphological analysis providing chemical data for discrete inclusions and assisting in the identification of herbivore dun ash and the Orcadian funerary product ‘cramp’. SEM EDX analysis was also applied to fine organo-mineral material for statistical testing of nutrient loadings across context groups. It was found that anthropic sediments were enriched in macro and intermediate plant nutrients Mg, P, K, S and Ca compared to geological controls, and the application of anthropic material to cultivated soils improved soil fertility for the three observed land management practices. The versatility of anthropic sediments was explored through discussion of context groups based upon the results of this research and the potential significance of this material to prehistoric communities is explored.

Study project (MS en S)--Stellenbosch University, 2002. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The purpose of this study is to determine a framework for integrated and sustainable development in the Cape Agulhas area. The researcher focussed on the policy context and the opportunities and constraints for development in the study area. The relevant policy documents concerning development activities in the study area, were analysed. These policies contain key concepts for development. This includes concepts such as sustainable development, equity, public participation, Co-operative Governance and integrated coastal management. Development must aim to realise these concepts and the policies prescribe processes and procedures accordingly. Firstly, coastal management and control is necessary because coastal areas are multidimensional and vulnerable to development activities. Secondly, the inequalities in society as a result of Apartheid must be demolished. Legislation must prescribe active measures to promote equality. Lastly, coastal management and control is necessary to promote cooperation between the different participants for development and to enforce it, if necessary. The main participants for the study areas are Co-operative Governance, the private sector and the local community. The Overberg Distriiet Municipality and the Cape Agulhas Municipality are of utmost importance. Municipalities have been identified as the facilitators for development at local level. They must bring together the different participants for development to co-operative and integrate development actions. Legislation prescribes Integrated Development Planning (IDP) to promote co-operation and integration between participants. It is a strategic planning process and integration is the essence of the process. The IDP process for Cape Agulhas Municipality contains a number of mechanisms for public participation. Opportunities and constrains for development in study area also determine which development activities will be possible or not possible. The unique vegetation presents opportunities for tourism but constrains development because it must be conserved as well. The wildflower industry also offers economic opportunities. Marine resources present opportunities for example fishing and abalone farming. Tourism however is the industry with the greatest development potential for the study area. It can serve as catalyst for the development of the region as a whole. The socio-economic reality of communities in the area and the insufficient physical infrastructure are the main constraining factors for development. The case study focuses on the development priorities for Struisbay/L' Agulhas according to the IDP and the Agulhas CoastCare Project. It is an example of the projects in the study area with the aim to realise the development priorities mentioned above. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die doel van die studie is om 'n raamwerk vas te stel vir geïntegreerde en volhoubare ontwikkeling in die Kaap Agulhas gebied. Die navorser het gefokus op die beleidskonteks en die geleenthede en beperkinge vir ontwikkeling in die studiegebied. Die relevante beleidsdokumente rakende ontwikkelingsaktiwiteite in die studiegebied, is ontleed. Hierdie beleide bevat sleutelkonsepte vir ontwikkeling. Dit sluit konsepte in soos volhoubare ontwikkeling, gelykheid, publieke deelname, Regering van Samewerking en geïntegreerde kusbestuur. Hierdie konsepte moet nagestreef word en die beleide skryf prosesse en prosedures voor in die verband. Kusbestuur en kontrole is eerstens nodig omdat kusgebiede multi-dimensioneel is en kwesbaar is vir ontwikkelingsaktiwiteite. Tweedens salongelykhede in die samelewing as gevolg van Apartheid nie vanself uitgewis word nie. Wetgewing moet aktiewe stappe voorskryf om gelykheid te bevorder. Laastens is kusbestuur en kontrole nodig om samewerking tussen die verskillende rolspelers in ontwikkeling aan te moedig en af te dwing indien nodig. Die hoof rolspelers vir die studiegebied is die Regering van Samewerking, privaatsektor en die plaaslike gemeenskap. Die Overberg Distriksmunisipaliteit en die Kaap Agulhas Munisipaliteit is veral belangrik. Munisipaliteite is geïdentifiseer as fasiliteerders vir ontwikkeling op plaaslike vlak. Hulle moet die verskillende rolspelers vir ontwikkeling bymekaar bring om samewerking en integrasie van ontwikkelingsaksies te bevorder. Geïntegreerde Ontwikkelingsbeplanning (GOP) word deur wetgewing voorgeskryf om samewerking en integrasie tussen rolspelers te bevorder. Dit is 'n strategiese beplanningsproses met integrasie wat die kern van die proses vorm. In die GOP proses vir Kaap Agulhas Munisipaliteit is 'n aantal meganismes vir publieke deelname vasgestel. Geleenthede en beperkinge vir ontwikkeling in die studiegebied bepaalook in 'n groot mate watter ontwikkelingsaktiwiteite moontlik sal wees en watter nie. Die unieke plantegroei hou geleenthede in vir toerisme, maar beperk ook ontwikkeling deurdat ditbewaar moet word. Die Veldblomindustrie bied ekonomiese geleenthede. Mariene hulpbronne bied ook geleenthede byvoorbeeld visindustrie en perlemoenboerdery. Toerisme is egter die industrie wat die grootste ontwikkelingspotensiaal inhou vir die studiegebied. Dit kan dien as katalisator vir die ontwikkeling van die gebied as geheel. Die sosio-ekonomiese realiteite van gemeenskappe in die gebied en die gebrekkige fisiese infrastruktuur is die hoofbeperkende faktore vir ontwikkeling. Die gevallestudie fokus op StruisbaaiIL'Agulhas se ontwikkelingsprioriteite uit die GOP, asook die Agulhas CoastCare Projek. Dit is 'n voorbeeld van die projekte in die studiegebied met die doelom die bogenoemde ontwikkelingsprioriteite te realiseer.

Sporadiquement distribués en Méditerranée occidentale au début du Ier s. av.n.è., vaisselle et conteneurs en verre entrent dans les habitudes de consommation autour du changement d'ère et deviennent, en moins d'un siècle, des objets d'usage quotidien. Le littoral narbonnais, surface de contact entre mondes méditerranéens et continentaux, précocement soumis aux influences hellénistiques et romaines, constitue une zone propice à l'observation de cette mutation sans précédent de l'économie du verre. L'étude privilégie l'analyse d'assemblages homogènes, issus de contextes datés, autorisant une approche chrono-quantitative. Le corpus est composé de lots provenant de 18 sites du littoral de Narbonnaise orientale (épaves et dépotoirs portuaires, sites de consommation domestique, militaire et funéraire). La présence de productions non référencées ou succinctement sériées dans les classifications typologiques usuelles, invite à proposer un outil typo-chronologique adapté aux contextes précoces méditerranéens. L'approche transversale de la documentation permet de définir quatre faciès, représentatifs de quatre grandes étapes de l'évolution des productions et des habitudes de consommation. Si, en l'état des connaissances et en raison de la particularité des modes de production du verre, l'émergence et le développement des courants commerciaux sont difficiles à préciser, les abondants assemblages portuaires du littoral (Arles, Fos, Marseille, Toulon), mettent en évidence la place prépondérante des produits de consommation courante, voyageant comme vases-marchandises, dans la commercialisation des produits verriers en Méditerranée occidentale et le long de l'axe rhodanien. / Sporadically distributed in the western Mediterranean at the beginning of the first century BC, crockery and glass containers come in consumption patterns during the augustean decades and become, in less than a century, objects of daily use. The Narbonensis coastline, key point between Mediterranean and continental worlds, early influenced by Hellenistic and Roman culture, is an propitious area for the observation of this unprecedented transformation of the economy of the glass. The study focuses on the analysis of homogeneous assemblages, from dated contexts, allowing a chrono-quantitative approach. The corpus is constituted of batches from 18 sites from eastern Narbonensis (wrecks, harbour levels, domestic, military and funeral contexts). The presence of production unreferenced in usual typologies invites to propose a suitable typo-chronological tool for early Mediterranean contexts. A transversal approach allows defining four major stages in the evolution of production and consumption patterns. If, in the state of knowledge and because of the particularity of the patterns of production of glass, the emergence and development of trade flows are difficult to specify, the abundant assemblages from harbour levels (Arles, Fos, Marseille, Toulon), highlight the preponderance of common consumer products, travelling as goods more than as containers, in the trade of glass products in the western Mediterranean and along the Rhone axis.

In an attempt to address the seeming imbalance within studies of rural communities in Australia linked to primary industries, this study examines the broader aspects of policy changes and bio-economic imperatives in the Western Rock Lobster Fishery and the effects of the restructuring of the fishery on communities that host the rock lobster fleet. It is an innovative study in that it is one of the first comprehensive studies of industry restructuring in the fisheries sector; a study of the linkages and implications of restructuring on the social, economic and cultural facets of coastal communities in Western Australia. Globalisation in the fishery sector, aided by technological advances, has resulted in a greater exploitation of high-value fisheries for export. Intensified globalisation has also brought about environmental and social standards that ensure the survival of by-catch species and promote responsible codes of fishing practice. In Australia, the active support of the government for globalisation, led to the adoption of export-oriented policies emphasising competitiveness and efficiency. Consideration of market principles thus govern fisheries regulators when deciding on the management arrangements to adopt for a particular fishery. In considering a number of policy instruments and management measures, government regulators also consider the conservation of marine resources alongside the production of significant economic and social benefits. The Western Rock Lobster Fishery is the most valuable single species fishery in Western Australia with a sizeable financial and employment contribution to coastal communities along the Western Australian coast. Any management scheme adopted for this fishery, as such, not only has to take into account biological and environmental imperatives but also economic and social objectives. The analysis of the fishery undertaken in this thesis underlines the need for a holistic view of fishery management that takes into consideration not only biological sustainability, but also promotes an understanding of fishers' behaviours and fishing patterns and the consequent effects on specific communities. The demographic and social changes that affect rural communities further complicate the economic restructuring at the fishery level, with fishers' responses differing based on their circumstances and preferences. This thesis presents a snapshot of a fishery deliberating changes in management arrangements and its effects on coastal communities whose socio-demographic and economic development historically has depended, and to a great extent is still dependent, upon rock lobster fishing. It provides empirical evidence that lends support to the view that the pro-market policies promoting competition and entrepreneurialism have resulted in a spatially uneven development in regional Australia. Specific localities can deal with the changes brought about by globalisation and policy change. However, the manner in which these communities deal and cope with these changes depends on a number of factors, among others, the level of diversification of the local economy, demographic and social structures, and other factors such as the level of resilience and the social capital base within the community.