Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-02T19:44:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 6336.pdf: 4953730 bytes, checksum: b0d22f7c504497ed394f5fb5ea297b62 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-02-26 / Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos / The Co-teaching/Collaborative Teaching has been considered by many researchers as one of the modalities to support school inclusion service, having effective strategies for children with special needs of Special Education students - PAEE in public schools. This is one of the collaboration models in which teachers of special and regular education work in an egalitarian relationship searching for strategies to encourage enrollment of PAEE students within the regular school classroom. In this perspective, the present study aimed to develop, implement and evaluate a Specialized Educational Service Program - AEE based on Co-teaching, for students with intellectual disabilities in the regular classroom context at four public schools of two cities. The study was conducted in four public schools of two cities: São Carlos - São Paulo in 2011 and Vitória da Conquista - Bahia in 2012. In this study, altogether participated the researcher, as a special education teacher; four teachers of regular classrooms and five students with intellectual disability ID. The instruments used were: a questionnaire for mapping school networks and school units; identification questionnaire and Semistructured interview script for participating teachers; Anamnese Sheet, Four Words and one Sentence Test, educational evaluations and activities for students with ID; Observation script and Field diaries with the researcher records and Rating Scale for Outer Observers - EAOE. Student data were individually analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively, considering the process analysis; teachers interviews were subjected to content analysis. The results indicated the importance of Co-teaching for participating teachers, particularly in the expansion of knowledge about ways of acting in the regular classroom with ID students; expansion of professional knowledge about managing the classroom for the special education teacher and, in the ID students there was progress in the social aspect - changes in behavior and in academic development - willingness to participate in educational activities, which supports this strategy as another model that may increase the participation of ID students in the regular school context, and provide continuing education for professionals involved. However, the support service based on Co-teaching needs to be implemented in other school systems to evaluate the generalizability of its effectiveness, so that it can influence public education policy that supports other models of AEE that can be realized in other areas, besides Multifunction Features Room - MFR. / O Coensino/Ensino Colaborativo vem sendo apontado por vários pesquisadores como uma das modalidades de serviço de apoio à inclusão escolar, configurando-se como uma das estratégias eficazes na escolarização dos alunos público-alvo da Educação Especial PAEE nas escolas comuns. Trata-se de um dos modelos de colaboração em que professores da educação especial e comum trabalham numa relação igualitária na busca de estratégias que possam favorecer a escolarização dos alunos PAEE dentro da sala de aula da escola comum. Nesta perspectiva, a presente pesquisa teve por objetivo elaborar, implementar e avaliar um Programa de Atendimento Educacional Especializado - AEE com base no Coensino, para alunos com deficiência intelectual no contexto da sala de aula comum em quatro escolas públicas municipais de dois municípios brasileiros. Trata-se de uma pesquisa participativa com abordagem mista. O estudo foi desenvolvido em quatro escolas públicas de duas redes de ensino municipal: São Carlos- São Paulo no ano de 2011 e Vitória da Conquista Bahia no ano de 2012. Ao todo participaram deste estudo a pesquisadora, como professora de educação especial; quatro professoras da sala de aula comum e cinco alunos com deficiência intelectual- DI. Os instrumentos utilizados foram: questionário de mapeamento escolar para as redes e unidades escolares; questionário de identificação e Roteiro de entrevista semi-estruturada para os professores participantes; Ficha de Anamnese para os pais ou responsáveis pelos alunos com DI; Prova das Quatro Palavras e uma Frase, avaliações e atividades pedagógicas para os alunos com DI; Roteiro de observação e Diários de campo com registros da pesquisadora e Escala de Avaliação para Observadores Externos EAOE. Os dados dos alunos foram analisados individualmente de maneira qualitativa e quantitativa levando em consideração a análise do processo; as entrevistas com as professoras foram submetidas à análise do conteúdo. Os resultados analisados apontaram a importância do Coensino para os professores participantes, especificamente na ampliação do conhecimento sobre as formas de atuar na sala de aula comum com alunos com DI; ampliação do conhecimento profissional sobre manejo de sala de aula para a professora de educação especial e, em relação aos alunos com DI verificou-se avanços no aspecto social mudanças no comportamento e, no desenvolvimento acadêmico disposição para participar das atividades de ensino, o que respalda essa estratégia como mais um modelo que poderá ampliar a participação dos alunos com DI no contexto da escola comum, além de prover formação continuada aos profissionais envolvidos. Contudo, o serviço de apoio baseado no Coensino necessita ser implementado em outras redes de ensino para avaliar a generalização de sua eficácia, para que assim possa influenciar uma política pública de educação que respalde outros modelos de AEE que poderão ser realizados em outros espaços, além da Sala de Recursos Multifuncionais SRM.

El Instituto Superior de Diseño gráfico y Diseño de modas es un proyecto que responde a la necesidad de la actualización del método de enseñanza del diseño y la educación superior. El usuario principal son los jóvenes de 15 a 25 años del sector B y C de Lima Norte. El lugar donde se realiza es en el distrito de Independencia donde tenga cercanía con el metropolitano que conecta a todo Lima para facilidad de acceso de los estudiantes. Su principal concepto del Instituto es que pueda estar adecuada su arquitectura con los métodos de enseñanza que se ven en otros institutos del mundo en la infraestructura, como el uso de espacios versátiles y otros principios de la enseñanza colaborativa. En lo que respecta de entorno, estos institutos buscan el contraste para su diferenciación y resaltan en el contexto y a su vez sirve como galería y paquetes públicos como auditorios, exposiciones, etc. Todo con el fin de que el estudiante tenga un espacio para la innovación y el aprendizaje desarrollado del diseño para el progreso del Perú. / The Higher Institute of Graphic Design and Fashion Design is a project that responds to the need to update the method of teaching design and higher education. The main user is young people between 15 and 25 years of age from sector B and C of North Lima. The place where it is carried out is in the Independencia district where it is close to the metropolitan that connects all of Lima to facilitate student access. Its main concept of the Institute is that it can be suitable for its architecture with the teaching methods seen in other institutes of the world in infrastructure, such as the use of versatile spaces and other principles of collaborative teaching. Regarding the environment, these institutes seek contrast for their differentiation and highlight in the context and in turn serve as a gallery and public packages such as auditoriums, exhibitions, etc. All in order that the student has a space for innovation and developed learning of design for the progress of Peru. / Tesis

Communication seems to play a pivotal role in any high school classroom. But it was found those classes or certain individual students shy away from engaging in effective communication during natural science lessons in Swaziland. One of the directives in the Swaziland National Education Policy states that syllabuses for studies in Form 4 and 5 should enable learners to develop essential skills which include communication and language skills. This study then, on realising that there was a gap between what was stated in the Education Policy and what was actually the case in the natural science classrooms, sought for a solution that would encourage effective communication in natural sciences. Therefore, the main purpose of the study was to encourage active participation of high school students in natural science lessons. The main research question posed for this purpose was: Can student motivation enhance classroom discourse for the negotiation of science understanding? Five sub-questions emanated from the main research question: (a) How does classroom discourse relate to natural science understanding? (b) What effect does external motivation have on discourse during natural science lessons? (c) What is the effect of feedback during natural science learning? (d) How can feedback be enhanced in the natural science class? (e) Which teaching strategies improve interactions during natural science learning? The study is organised into five chapters. The first chapter summarises the whole study by giving the problem statement, research aim and objectives, definition of terms, as well as chapter divisions. Chapter two provides the background to the study through the discussion of education theories based on classroom discourse and motivation. The third chapter presents detailed information about the research design, methods of data collection and analysis, as well as a proposed method for motivating students. The fourth chapter presents the research results, analysis and discussion. The fifth and the final chapter presents research findings, concluding remarks drawn from the research findings, as well as recommendations for similar future research. The case study style uses a qualitative, descriptive and exploratory approach. The study concentrated on theories explaining learning and motivation. The sample comprised six purposefully selected students and their two physical science teachers. Data were collected using the standardised open-ended interview and non-participant lesson observation methods, and from documents. The data were collected in two phases, the pre-motivation phase and the motivation phase. The collected data was further categorised into two segments, with each segment being a unit of analysis. One of the segments was composed of oral interchanges, while the other was composed of students’ written work. The data was then transcribed, coded, analysed and discussed using the thematic discourse analysis approach. The principles of triangulation, reliability and validity ensured the credibility of the study remained intact. Research ethics were also observed by the researcher and there was trust, respect and autonomy during data collection. The ethics observed included informed consent, confidentiality, beneficence, anonymity and non-malificence. Permission to collect data was sought and obtained from all concerned. The motivation method helped the physics group improve more (55%) than the chemistry group (7%) in tests. In the overall performance the two groups improved more or less the same: the chemistry group improved by 4% while the physics group improved by 5%. There were three main findings for the study and they revolved around the purpose and the research question. The first major finding was that the motivation method used with the students instilled self-discipline in the students, resulting in self-regulated behaviour and better understanding of science concepts. The finding suggested that motivated students are self-disciplined and take ownership of their learning. The second major finding was that during the motivation phase of data collection interactions improved between the students and their science teachers. These interactions were in the form of classroom talk, submission of school work and feedback. It was inferred that motivated students communicate more effectively and with better understanding of the concepts taught. The third major revelation was that the students were motivated by learner-centred teaching strategies and the use of teaching aids in a science laboratory. A main finding for the first sub-question was that the more students interacted with each other, with their natural science teachers, and with their books the more they appreciated and understood science concepts. For the second sub-question the main finding was, the motivation method used with the students improved discourse during natural science lessons. The marks the students were awarded gave them the energy to engage more in science activities and to behave well. The main finding for the third sub-question was that prompt feedback and positive comments motivated students to engage more in science discourse and to understand science concepts better. An important finding from the fourth sub-question was that prompt and positive feedback enhanced feedback, as well as giving students tasks that were not too far above their abilities, enhanced feedback in the natural science class. For the fifth sub-question it was found that student-centred teaching methods as well as teaching aids and learning in science laboratories improved interactions during natural science learning. / Curriculum and Instructional Studies / D. Ed. (Curriculum Studies)

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