Ett företags organisationskultur består av ett gemensamt värdesystem som har en meningsskapande funktion för de anställda i företaget som identifierar sig med organisationen. I en företagsfusion, där två eller flera företag går samman, har det visat sig vara svårt att förena olika organisationskulturer på grund av motstånd från de anställda. Tidigare forskning kring detta har till stor del fokuserat på de anställdas agerande i en fusion. Syftet med denna studie var att undersöka hur anställdas meningsskapande i en fusion påverkades av deras identifikation med organisationen. Med en kvalitativ intervjustudie undersöktes hur anställda i fyra företag hade upplevt en fusion av företagen. Resultatet visade att även om förändringsprocessen hade upplevts negativt av samtliga deltagare varierade upplevelsen av det nya företaget och dess kultur utifrån deltagarnas tidigare bolagstillhörighet. Analysen visade att identifikationen med de tidigare organisationskulturerna påverkade de anställdas menings-skapande i situationen och därmed skapandet av en ny gemensam organisationskultur.

Living Lab är en öppen innovationsmiljö där innovationer samproduceras, testas och verifieras av användarna, tillsammans med företag och akademin i en kontext som representerar innovationens tänkta användningsområde. Genom samverkan kan olika värden skapas för företagen. Syftet med uppsatsen var att undersöka hur Living Lab skapar värde för företag och vilka värden företag kan identifiera ur de användarcentrerade aktiviteterna. Uppsatsen karaktäriseras av en kvalitativ ansats och grundar sig i en explorativ undersökning med djupintervjuer där fyra företag ligger till grund för uppsatsens resultat. Uppsatsen har visat att Living Lab skapat värden för företag genom att de fått mer tilltalande produkter, identifierat nya användarkategorier och samordnat resurser med företag. Living Lab är därmed värdeskapande för företag genom stöd för utvärdering, ny- och vidareutveckling av innovationer. Samverkan mellan användare, företag och akademin öppnar upp för ett kunskapsutbyte vilket skapar värde för företag då kompetensutveckling äger rum och en djupare kunskap om användarna kan erhållas

A growing number of private limited companies are formed today. The distribution of shares in a corporation can be done in different ways. The most common one is that the most suitable shareholders, for the future development of the company, have a majority in the company in order to govern and control the company and its affairs. In a company with a solid majority decisions are fairly easy to make and there are seldom disputes, in terms of such decision-making.   But in today's legal arena companies are formed where shares are divided evenly between the partners. This is done to spread the control of the company between several shareholders. But what happens when a company of two people, or groups of equally strong shareholders, can not agree within the general meeting for a decision on who will be appointed as the Chairman, or in the case of important issues concerning the company's affairs.   One such company whose shares are scattered among the shareholders is generally called a 50/50 company. The company is not regulated in the Swedish Companies Act which makes it difficult to determine how certain decisions will be resolved when there are disagreements. What is regulated in the legislation for limited companies is very generally applied, which is why agreements and contracts are often used as a complement and an instrument to combat locked situations in smaller companies, especially in the 50/50 company. Contracts are made to complement the law and statutes. There are many types of contracts which can be conducted between the shareholders however; this essay will deal only with the shareholders and consortium agreements/contracts.   When a small company, such as the 50/50 company, with few shareholders does not sign agreements or contracts between them in order to fully regulate the situations and problems that may arise, the results can be devastating. When shareholders can not agree on decisions in the general meeting it may pertain to two specific decisions. One is the decision which must be taken when appointing the Board to prevent that there is a draw of lots, which is certainly not the optimal way of decision-making for a company. The second decision is the one pertaining to other important issues which must be decided  in the general meeting, and where the Chairman’s casting vote will decide the outcome if the shareholders can not agree. It is there important to examine which possibilities exist for 50/50 companies to remedy a locked situation and maintain an optimal decision-making process.

Problemformulering: Borde, vid sakutdelning som strider mot ABL:s kapitalskyddsregler, mottagaren ekonomiskt ersätta bolaget med kontanta medel som motsvarar den ogiltiga utdelningens värde eller återlämna det mottagna objektet. Samt i viss mån, bör bolaget ha sakrättsligt skydd gentemot mottagarens borgenärer? Dessa är de grundläggande frågor som jag har för avsikt att besvara. Syfte: Syftet med denna uppsats är att försöka framföra en nyanserad diskussion angående den aktiebolagsrättsliga återbäringsregeln och dennas tillämpning. Jag menar att den tillämpning som regeln har idag inte nödvändigtvis måste vara den mest lämpliga och det kan tänkas att en alternativ tillämpningsmetod skulle kunna vara mer lämplig. Metod: Jag har för avsikt att tillämpa en teleologisk metod på uppsatsen för att utifrån detta kunna resonera angående vilken tillämpning som vore den lämpligaste angående den aktuella lagregeln. Uppsatsen kommer även läggas upp så att de aktuella lagreglerna beskrivs i ett tidigt kapitel, dock med ett visst mått av egen analys även i detta kapitel, för att följas av ett slutligt analyskapitel där jag har för avsikt att försöka besvara problemformuleringen. Resultat: Efter att ha resonerat utifrån aktuell doktrin, praxis och förarbeten har jag kommit till slutsatsen att den idag tillämpade metoden vid återbäring, nämligen ogiltighet inte tillgodoser syftet med ABL och inte heller är lika effektiv som en värdeersättningsmodell.

Den första januari 2006 trädde en ny version av Aktiebolagslagen ikraft. En av nyheterna i den nya lagen är omarbetningen av borgenärsskyddsreglerna. Reglernas äldre koppling till begreppet utbetalning bortfaller och istället införs begreppet värdeöverföring. Uppsatsen presenterar begreppet och de därtill hörande kapitalskyddsreglerna samt analyserar de konsekvenser införandet av begreppet kan få. Inom denna analys ryms kritik på hur lagstiftaren valt att definiera begreppet, främst med avseende på begreppets koppling till redovisningsrätten, en koppling som skapat viss osäkerhet kring begreppets verkliga innebörd. Kritik framförs även på borgenärsskyddets sanktionsregler, vilka kunde utformats bättre för att skapa en mer stringent koppling till värdeöverföringsbegreppet. Trots denna kritik är den huvudsakliga slutsatsen att reglerna i den nya aktiebolagslagen skapar, i förhållande till den äldre lagstiftningen, ett bättre skydd för aktiebolagens kapital och därmed stärker borgenärernas ställning.

This study aimed to examine the perceptions of nursing staffs on the environmental conditions in their senior care centers in Kaohsiung City. Two hundred and twenty three female nursing staffs in nursing care centers participated in this study. A Self-reported questionnaire comprised 18 items was administrated in person to the participants. Results showed that nursing staffs have high satisfaction on the quality and techniques of their services. But they rated low scores on the philosophies of the company. It showed that they did not satisfy with the management of the company. In the end, I provided several suggestions to the senior care centers based on the results in this study.

The vigorous development of the internet has enabled e-commerce to take the world by storm, and in comparison with other industries, the security industry adopts information technology earlier and has relatively profound application compared to other industries. Facing the rapid changes of the market environment and high competitiveness, enterprises must establish unique competitive strategies in order to survive and keep growing; it is essential for companies to create competitive advantages.From 1988, new security firms were allowed to enter the domestic stock market and accompanied by the bull market, new securities firms sprang up like mushrooms in Taiwan. After mergers, acquisitions and the rise and fall of the stock market, Taiwan¡¦s government implemented the ¡§Financial Holding Company Act¡¨ in 2001; under this Act, financial holding companies can simultaneously provide comprehensive financial services, such as securities, bank and insurance. While the development of the financial market continues to become more diversified, international and larger, the domestic financial sector faces huge changes leading to the situation where philosophy: ¡¥the bigger, the stronger¡¦ prevails. The study takes ¡§S securities firm¡¨ as an example and utilizes its actual securities business to carry out a case study. While facing the rapid changes of international finance and high competitiveness, how a securities firm adopts the resource-based view (RBV), experiences future development and increases its competitive advantages, is examined. Through the data study of related industries, investigation of literature and theories and SWOT analysis, this study aims to understand the possible development and management strategies of e-brokers to increase enterprise competitiveness and market share, and achieve the goal of sustainable management. Joining financial holding company can possess several advantages, but it is not the only possible development for securities firms. During the times of low interest rate, any new financial instruments are easy to attract the attention of investors. Moreover, while competing against so many tough contestants, if securities firms can master the crucial competitive advantages and make a good use of them, the crisis might be a turning point. The study aims at analyzing small securities firms; while dealing with the management difficulties, they strengthen their competitiveness by improving service quality, building strategic alliance, carrying out customer-level analysis, creating a trustworthy investment environment, implementing diversification management, recruiting excellent talents, etc., in the hope of enhancing a steady and vigorous development for E-broker business.

This study is about the history of a family-owned business. In Taiwan, there are not many researches talking about the company history which are very useful and important to discover what makes a business thriving or failure."Taisun¡¨ is a family-owned business which is famous on producing ¡§Salad Oil¡¨ controlled by Zhan family and is observed to discover how this family keeps their business thriving as the industry structure changes. The research method is to gather information about Taisun from the historical data¡Bnews reports¡Bmagazines and interviews, and then to analyze the development stages of Taisun. This study covers the business performance review ¡Bthe business developing processes¡Bbusiness diversification and the leadership of the business controller. ¡§Business Transition¡¨ and ¡§Transfer Issue¡¨ were found two challenges to Taisun in the future. The food industry is in the mature period so that Taisun tries hard to lead business transition into the correct direction and keep the business alive. In the other hand, the organization becomes aged and there are difficulties to appeal to high-educated candidates, generation transfers would be an important issue for Taisun in the future.

Summary With the implement of 'The Law of Financial Holding Company(FHC) ¡§, 14 FHCs which have advantages such as huge fund and extensive marketing channel were established successively at the end of the year 2001. In spite of the legality of managing across industries, the FHC still cannot make consumers understand what the Financial Holding means. According to the chaos of the recognition about the FHC brand, this research intends to examine the internal FHC in order to study how the parent company manages the subsidiary¡¦s brand. At the same time, basis on the concept of internal marketing from service industry, this research also studies the way of subsidiary¡¦s internal marketing. This research adopts the qualitative method and quantitative method. In the qualitative interview, we collect the management concepts about the parent company operating the brand identity. In the quantitative statistics, we examine the employee¡¦s identity degree about the brand and internal marketing in the subsidiary to conclude the outcome of internal marketing system. The following are the discoveries of this research: First¡BBrand Identity System of FHC 1. The FHC adopts the way ¡§top down¡¨ to plan the group's brand, and the subsidiary does not participate in actual decision . 2. Whether the subject organization of FHC exists or not determines that structure of group's brand identity. 3. The comprehensive of Brand Identity is the synergistic outcome while the FHCs merge. Second¡BBrand communication of FHC 1.Changing the name of financial industry or group itself will accelerate the process of brand outside. 2.The advertising benefit determines the outside advertising subject of brands. 3. Inside brand information is transmitted through the application system and entry website of FHC. Third¡BManage the relation between organization culture and brand. 1. The combine of brands didn¡¦t affect organization culture of every subsidiary which operate independently . 2. Organization culture will influence the benefit of group¡¦s brand in the future. Fourth¡BManage the relation between market condition and brand The parent company pays attention to the subsidiary original profession under group's brand . Fifth¡BInternal marketing system and brand identification 1.It is having dependence and influence that inside internal marketing and brand identification. 2.Individual variables are not obviously correlated with the consciousness degree of internal marketing and brand identification 3.The average of Internal marketing and brand identification of Cathay United Bank and Chiao Tung Bank is lower than another subsidiary of FHC in this study. In a word, the parent company have to establish management style to enlarge the power of brand elements; and subsidiary must strengthen internal marketing system to make higher brand identification of all employees.

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