Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Wollongong, 2005. / Typescript. Includes bibliographical references: leaf 88-95.

CAPES / Neste trabalho é apresentado o desenvolvimento e análise de arquiteturas de dissipadores de calor por redes de microcanais. As configurações em forma de redes são caracterizadas geometricamente por múltiplas ramificações no escoamento e variação nas escalas de comprimento e diâmetro hidráulico através de cada nível de ramificação. O momento tecnológico atual tem permitido a fabricação e a experimentação de redes de microcanais, todavia, verificou-se que as arquiteturas investigadas experimentalmente nos últimos anos têm parâmetros geométricos constantes através de seus níveis de ramificações, o que se denomina fractal. Neste trabalho utiliza-se a teoria constructal para projetar arquiteturas de redes com geometria variável e até três níveis de ramificação. Algumas hipóteses comumente empregadas no desenvolvimento de geometrias constructais em macroescala, como por exemplo, escoamento completamente desenvolvido e resistência térmica parede- fluido desprezível, são reconsideradas por se tratar de uma aplicação de microescala. Além disso, a geração de arquitetura é feita para um microchip de tamanho e razão de aspecto definidos. Como resultado, foi verificado que as redes constructais permitem uma redução significativa na queda de pressão em relação à redes fractais com mesmos níveis de ramificação. Foi demonstrado que a rede bifurcada com razão de diâmetros segundo a lei de Hess-Murray não é apropriada para dissipação de calor em dispositivos miniaturizados. Curvas de resistência térmica versus potência de bombeamento são mostradas para evidenciar a notória superioridade das redes constructais em relação às fractais. / The present work introduces microchannel nets architectures development and analysis for heat dissipation purposes. The net configurations are geometrically characterized by multiple flow ramifications and changes in length and hydraulic diameter scales through each ramification level. The current technological state has allowed manufacturing and experimentation of microchannel nets, however, it was found that architectures investigated experimentally in the past years have constant geometric parameters through their ramification levels, which is denominated fractal. In this study constructal theory is used to design net architectures with variable geometric parameters and up to three ramification levels. Some hypothesis commonly employed in macro scale analysis, for instance, fully developed flow and negligible wall-fluid thermal resistance, are reconsidered in order to comply with micro scale applications. Moreover, the architectures design is elaborated for a chip with fixed size and shape. As a result, It was verified that constructal nets allow a significant pressure drop decrease with respect to fractal nets with same ramification levels. It was demonstrated that the bifurcated net with diameter ratio according to Hess-Murray law is not appropriated for heat dissipation in miniaturized devices. Thermal resistance versus pumping power curves are shown in order to evidence the notorious superiority of constructal nets compared to fractal.

Digital audio network technologies are becoming more prevalent in audio related environments. Yamaha Corporation has created a digital audio network solution, named mLAN (music Local Area Network), that uses IEEE 1394 as its underlying network technology. IEEE 1394 is a digital network technology that is specifically designed for real-time multimedia data transmission. The second generation of mLAN is based on the Plural Node Architecture, where the control of audio and MIDI routings between IEEE 1394 devices is split between two node types, namely an Enabler and a Transporter. The Transporter typically resides in an IEEE 1394 device and is solely responsible for transmission and reception of audio or MIDI data. The Enabler typically resides in a workstation and exposes an abstract representation of audio or MIDI plugs on each Transporter to routing control applications. The Enabler is responsible for configuring audio and MIDI routings between plugs on different Transporters. A Hardware Abstraction Layer (HAL) within the Enabler allows it to uniformly communicate with Transporters that are created by various vendors. A plug-in mechanism is used to provide this capability. When vendors create Transporters, they also create device-specific plug-ins for the Enabler. These plug-ins are created against a Transporter HAL Application Programming Interface (API) that defines methods to access the capabilities of Transporters. An Open Generic Transporter (OGT) guideline document which models all the capabilities of Transporters has been produced. These guidelines make it possible for manufacturers to create Transporters that make use of a common plug-in, although based on different hardware architectures. The introduction of the OGT concept has revealed additional Transporter capabilities that are not incorporated in the existing Transporter HAL API. This has led to the underutilisation of OGT capabilities. The main goals of this investigation have been to improve the Enabler’s plug-in mechanism, and to incorporate the additional capabilities that have been revealed by the OGT into the Transporter HAL API. We propose a new plug-in mechanism, and a new Transporter HAL API that fully utilises both the additional capabilities revealed by the OGT and the capabilities of existing Transporters.

The proliferation of PALs (Public Access Locations) is fuelling the development of new standards, protocols, services, and applications for WLANs (Wireless Local Area Networks). PALs are set up at public locations to meet continually changing, multiservice, multi-protocol user requirements. This research investigates the essential infrastructural requirements that will enable further proliferation of PALs, and consequently facilitate ubiquitous computing. Based on these requirements, an extensible architectural framework for PAL management systems that inherently facilitates the provisioning of multiple services and multiple protocols on PALs is derived. The ensuing framework, which is called Xobogel, is based on the microkernel architectural pattern, and the IPDR (Internet Protocol Data Record) specification. Xobogel takes into consideration and supports the implementation of diverse business models for PALs, in respect of distinct environmental factors. It also facilitates next-generation network service usage accounting through a simple, flexible, and extensible XML based usage record. The framework is subsequently validated for service element extensibility and simplicity through the design, implementation, and experimental deployment of SEHS (Small Extensible Hotspot System), a system based on the framework. The robustness and scalability of the framework is observed to be sufficient for SMME deployment, withstanding the stress testing experiments performed on SEHS. The range of service element and charging modules implemented confirm an acceptable level of flexibility and extensibility within the framework.

Orientadores: Helio Waldman, Moises Renato Nunes Ribeiro / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Eletrica e de Computação / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-12T16:44:15Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Fardin_MarconiPereira_M.pdf: 962828 bytes, checksum: b8632419bf2a2ad176b38f5257eceada (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008 / Resumo: A infra-estrutura de transporte da internet está movendo-se para um modelo formado por roteadores de alta velocidade interconectados por um núcleo de redes ópticas inteligentes. A tecnologia WDM (Wavelength Division Multiplex) já está consolidada como meio de incrementar a capacidade de transmissão nessas redes porém, existem poucas propostas de planos de controles distribuídos capazes de lidar dinamicamente com as restrições de Qualidade de Serviço (QoS - Quality of Service) em grandes redes. Neste contexto, informações sobre os estados dos enlaces são constantemente divulgadas pela rede e o mecanismo de inundação se tornou ineficiente para lidar com a disseminação das informações. Este trabalho propõe e analisa uma estrutura sobreposta baseada em tabelas de dispersão distribuídas (DHT - Distributed Hash Table) para dispor informações em um espaço virtual. Uma rede sobreposta virtual endereçada por conteúdo (CAN - Content Addressable Network), com enlaces de longa distância para obter características de mundo pequeno, é utilizada para possibilitar o roteamento com baixa ocupação dos enlaces sem penalizar demasiadamente o atraso inserido. Avaliações analíticas ilustram o ganho de desempenho em grandes redes. / Abstract: The transport layer structure of the Internet is moving towards a model of highspeed routers interconnected by intelligent optical core networks. A consensus has been reached on wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) as the way to increase the transmission capacity. However there are few proposals for distributed control planes under dynamic Quality of Service (QoS) constraints for large networks. In this context, resources availability must be frequently distributed and updated across the network; and flooding may no longer be the best strategy for information dissemination. This work proposes and assesses an overlay structure based on distributed hash tables (DHT) for information indexing over bi-dimensional virtual coordinated spaces. By adding long-distance interconnections to Content-Addressable Networks (CAN), the resulting small-world effect can reduce the number of hops per resource search. Analytical results indicate significant reduction in management traffic over the physical layer of large networks without penalizing to much the inserted delay. / Mestrado / Telecomunicações e Telemática / Mestre em Engenharia Elétrica

Orientadores: Edmundo Roberto Mauro Madeira, Luiz Fernando Bittencourt / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Computação / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-24T15:34:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Meneguette_RodolfoIpolito_D.pdf: 3843404 bytes, checksum: 77fcd1e3b13f66d77af6e7537e8105fc (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013 / Resumo: Redes Ad Hoc Veiculares (VANETs) constituem uma subclasse das redes Ad Hoc móveis que provê uma conexão sem fio entre veículos bem como entre veículos e dispositivos de acostamento. Essas redes proveem aplicações que focam na segurança do condutor, em fornecer maior eficiência do tráfego dos veículos nas vias públicas e em trazer algum conforto e entretenimento para os passageiros ao longo de sua viagem. Algumas dessas aplicações precisam estar conectadas com a internet através de um ponto de acesso que encontra-se no acostamento, como uma torre celular ou uma torre WiFi. Essa conexão pode gerar uma sobrecarga de mensagens de controle e pode sofrer uma troca de ponto de acesso que impacta no desempenho da aplicação. Além da interface de conexão com o ponto de acesso, o veículo é equipado com várias outras interfaces de redes vinculadas a diferentes tecnologias, podendo tirar vantagens do uso simultâneo dessas diversas interfaces de rede, com isso, maximizando a vazão e diminuindo a latência. Entretanto, esse uso pode aumentar ainda mais a sobrecarga das mensagens de controle, tendo como consequencia o aumento do tempo de troca de um ponto de acesso a outro, afetando a vazão da rede e o seu desempenho. Para superar esses desafios e prover uma boa qualidade de serviço para a aplicação, ou seja, atender aos requisitos mínimos que as aplicações das redes veiculares necessitam, desenvolvemos e avaliamos uma arquitetura para o gerenciamento de mobilidade de fluxo baseado nas classes de aplicações das redes veiculares. A arquitetura tem como objetivo minimizar o tempo da troca de conexão do fluxo, diminuir a quantidade de perda de pacotes e diminuir o tempo de entrega das mensagens, a fim de cumprir com os requisitos mínimos das classes de aplicação veicular, bem como maximizar o desempenho das aplicações. A arquitetura foi implementada no Network Simulator versão 3 para análise do comportamento da arquitetura em diversos tipos de cenário de simulação. Além da análise da arquitetura, também foram analisados alguns dos seus módulos separadamente. O resultado dessas análises, tanto dos módulos como da arquitetura, mostrou que a arquitetura proposta apresentou um baixo tempo de entrega, com menor perda de pacotes e menor atraso / Abstract: Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs) constitutes a subclass of mobile Ad Hoc Networks that provides a wireless connection between vehicles and between vehicles and roadside devices. These networks provide applications that focus on driver safety, traffic efficiency of vehicles on public roads, and in the comfort and entertainment to passengers throughout their journey. Some of these applications need to be connected to the Internet via an access point in the roadside, like a cell tower or WiFi tower. This connection can generate an overhead of control messages and could suffer a change of access point that can impact the performance of the application. Besides the interface connected to the access point, the vehicle is equipped with other network interfaces linked with different technologies, thus the vehicular application can take advantage of the simultaneous use of these various network interfaces, thereby maximizing throughput and reducing latency. However, this use can increase the overhead of control message, and the time of exchange of one access point to another, thus affecting the network throughput and consequently the performance of the application. To overcome these challenges and provide a good quality of service to the application, i.e., attend the minimum requirements that applications for vehicular networks need, we developed and evaluated an architecture for flow mobility management based on classes of applications of vehicular networks. The architecture aims to minimize the time of the exchange of the connection flow, decrease the amount of packet loss, and reduce the delivery time of messages in order to comply with the minimum requirements for vehicular application classes as well as to maximize the application performance. The architecture was implemented in Network Simulator version 3 to analyze the behavior of the architecture in various types of scenarios. Besides the analysis of the architecture, we also analyzed some of the modules of the architecture separately. The results of these analyses of both the architecture and its modules showed a low delivery time, lower packet loss and lower delay / Doutorado / Ciência da Computação / Doutor em Ciência da Computação

M.Tech. / Service Oriented Architecture has many advantages. For example, organisations can align business with Information Technology, reuse the developed functionality, reduce development and maintain cost for applications. Organisations adopt Service Oriented Architecture with the aim of automating and integrating business processes. However, it has information security vulnerabilities that should be considered. For example, applications exchange information across the Internet, where it can be tampered with. Information security is therefore one of the crucial qualities that need to be satisfied within information systems. This dissertation addresses the issue of information security within Service Oriented Architecture applications. Some organisations rely on Service Oriented Architecture governance tools when securing information in their Service Oriented Architecture environment. However, they may purchase them without investigating whether they include information security. The aim of this dissertation is to analyse whether these tools include information security. Each tool is benchmarked against the five information security services, defined by the ISO 7498/2 document and including identification and authentication, authorisation, confidentiality, integrity and non-repudiation. The dissertation concludes with a table summarising the results. This dissertation offers decision-makers information that can assist them in analysing whether Service Oriented Architecture governance tools includes information security. It also assists organisations to be aware of security vulnerabilities within Service Oriented Architecture applications, and the consequences that may arise if information security measures are ignored.

With the rapid adoption of multimedia network technologies, a number of companies and standards bodies are introducing technologies that enhance user experience in networked multimedia environments. These technologies focus on device discovery, connection management, control, and monitoring. This study focused on control and monitoring. Multimedia networks make it possible for devices that are part of the same network to reside in different physical locations. These devices contain parameters that are used to control particular features, such as speaker volume, bass, amplifier gain, and video resolution. It is often necessary for changes in one parameter to affect other parameters, such as a synchronised change between volume and bass parameters, or collective control of multiple parameters. Thus, relationships are required between the parameters. In addition, some devices contain parameters, such as voltage, temperature, and audio level, that require constant monitoring to enable corrective action when thresholds are exceeded. Therefore, a mechanism for monitoring networked devices is required. This thesis proposes relationships that are essential for the proper functioning of a multimedia network and that should, therefore, be incorporated in standard form into a protocol, such that all devices can depend on them. Implementation mechanisms for these relationships were created. Parameter grouping and monitoring capabilities within mixing console implementations and existing control protocols were reviewed. A number of requirements for parameter grouping and monitoring were derived from this review. These requirements include a formal classification of relationship types, the ability to create relationships between parameters with different underlying value units, the ability to create relationships between parameters residing on different devices on a network, and the use of an event-driven mechanism for parameter monitoring. These requirements were the criteria used to govern the implementation mechanisms that were created as part of this study. Parameter grouping and monitoring mechanisms were implemented for the XFN protocol. The mechanisms implemented fulfil the requirements derived from the review of capabilities of mixing consoles and existing control protocols. The formal classification of relationship types was implemented within XFN parameters using lists that keep track of the relationships between each XFN parameter and other XFN parameters that reside on the same device or on other devices on the network. A common value unit, known as the global unit, was defined for use as the value format within value update messages between XFN parameters that have relationships. Mapping tables were used to translate the global unit values to application-specific (universal) units, such as decibels (dB). A mechanism for bulk parameter retrieval within the XFN protocol was augmented to produce an event-driven mechanism for parameter monitoring. These implementation mechanisms were applied to an XFN-protocol-compliant graphical control application to demonstrate their usage within an end user context. At the time of this study, the XFN protocol was undergoing standardisation within the Audio Engineering Society. The AES-64 standard has now been approved. Most of the implementation mechanisms resulting from this study have been incorporated into this standard.

Rural Internet connectivity projects aimed at bridging the digital divide have mushroomed across many developing countries. Most of the projects are deployed as community centred projects. In most of the cases the initial deployment of these projects is funded by governments, multilateral institutions and non-governmental organizations. After the initial deployment, financial sustainability remains one of the greatest challenges facing these projects. In the light of this, externally funded ICT4D interventions should just be used for “bootstrapping” purposes. The communities should be “groomed” to take care of and sustain these projects, eliminating as soon as possible a dependency on external funding. This master thesis presents the design and the implementation of a generic architecture for the management of the costs associated with running a computer network connected to the Internet, The proposed system, called the Network Revenue Management System, enables a network to generate revenue, by charging users for the utilization of network resources. The novelty of the system resides in its flexibility and adaptability, which allow the exploration of both conventional and non-conventional billing options, via the use of suitable ‘adapters’. The final goal of the exploration made possible by this system is the establishment of what is regarded as equitable charging in rural, marginalized communities - such as the community in Dwesa, South Africa.

The introduction of Web Services as a platform upon which applications can communicate has contributed a great deal towards the expansion of World Wide Web technologies. The Internet and computing technologies have been some of the factors that have contributed to the socio-economic improvement of urban and industrial areas. This research focuses on the application of Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA) and Web Services technologies in Information and Communication Technologies for Development (ICT4D) contexts. SOA is a style used to design distributed systems, and Web Services are some of the common realizations of the SOA. Web Services allow the exchange of data between two or more machines in a simple and standardized manner over the network. This has resulted in the augmentation of ways in which individuals in a society and in the world communicate. This research aims to develop a SOA-based system with services that are implemented as Web Services. The system is intended to support communication activities of Dwesa community members. The communication methods identified as the most commonly used in the Dwesa community are Short Message Services (SMSs) and voice calls. In this research we have identified further methods (i.e. Multimedia Message Service, Electronic mail and Instant Messaging) to augment communication activities in Dwesa. The developed system, therefore, exposes SMS Web Service, MMS Web Service, Email Web Service and IM Web Service that are consumed in machine-to-machine, machine-to-person and person-to-person types of communication. We have also implemented a one-stop communication shop, through a web portal which provides interfaces to the different communication modules. Elaborate functional and usability testing have also been undertaken to establish the viability and end-user acceptance of the system respectively. This research has provided the initial validation of the effectiveness of the SOA-based system in ICT4D contexts