Submitted by Fabio Sobreira Campos da Costa (fabio.sobreira@ufpe.br) on 2016-06-14T11:42:30Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) DISSERTAÇÃO (2014-DEZEMBRO-16) - O COMPUTADOR E A CAIXA MÁGICA - ANÁLISE DA INTERAÇÃO ENTRE O BAN.pdf: 3928581 bytes, checksum: 7a66bf3af0bbb1b1b29e297f88d1bc66 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-14T11:42:30Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) DISSERTAÇÃO (2014-DEZEMBRO-16) - O COMPUTADOR E A CAIXA MÁGICA - ANÁLISE DA INTERAÇÃO ENTRE O BAN.pdf: 3928581 bytes, checksum: 7a66bf3af0bbb1b1b29e297f88d1bc66 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-12-16 / Um teatro e um computador têm uma relação importante, do ponto de vista antropológico. Considerando que o indivíduo, em suas relações humanas, constantemente, se apresenta diante dos outros exercendo papéis e regulando seu desempenho, de modo a controlar a impressão que outros têm a seu respeito, adotamos a Teoria da Metáfora Teatral de Erving Goffman para analisar as interações entre o Banco do Brasil, maior banco da América Latina, e os seus clientes. O ambiente de estudo é a fanpage da empresa na rede social da Internet Facebook. Assumimos a abordagem interacionista simbólica, na qual os indivíduos atribuem significados às coisas conforme suas experiências e os modificam por meio de critérios interpretativos. Neste processo a comunicação – particularmente a mediada por computador – e a linguagem são elementos fundamentais. A Comunicação Mediada por Computador gerou novos arranjos de ambiente e novos modos de interação que obrigaram áreas como a Administração e a Publicidade a se rearranjarem. Do ponto de vista mercadológico, as empresas não podem estar desapercebidas em relação ao fenômeno dos relacionamentos nas redes sociais. Neste sentido, o Marketing de Serviços apresenta-se como área de conhecimento substancial, pois o cliente é co-criador de valor e partícipe ativo em suas interações. Utilizamos como método de pesquisa a netnografia, derivação da etnografia que analisa o comportamento do indivíduo na internet. / Under a unthropological view, Theater and a computer have an important relationship. Whereas the individual in their human relations often presents himself before the others exerting social roles and regulating her performance so as to control the impression that people have about him, we have taken the Erving Goffman's theory of Theatrical Metaphor to analyze the interactions between Banco do Brazil, the bigest bank of Latin America, and it customers. The study environment is the company's fanpage on Facebook social network the Internet. We have applied the symbolic interacionalism approach in which people assign meanings to things according to their experiences and modify it through interpretive criteria. This communication, especially computer-mediated communication process, and the language are key elements. Computer-mediated communication environment created new arrangements and new modes of interaction that forced such areas as administration and Advertising to rearrange themselves. Under a market view mecadológico, companies can not be overlooked about the phenomenon of relationships in socialnetworks. In this sense, the Marketing Services presents as a substantial area of knowledge, because the clients are co-creators of value and they are active participant in their interactions too. We have used as a research method netnography. It is a derivation of ethnography that examines the behavior of individuals on the internet.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-07-29T15:13:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 tese final -alzino.pdf: 986421 bytes, checksum: 26f621183b75e6b3c7876707f71a25d9 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-03-25 / This research has been carried out in the Pos-Graduation Program in Education of the Faculdade de Educação da Universidade Federal de Goiás , being part of the research line , Professor Formation and Professionalization, which aims to study the relationship between the teaching work together with information and technologies as well as the epistemological, cultural, pedagogical and institutional implications of these relations. It selects as its scope the exercise of docent work in virtuality and the knowledge that the communication by means of a computer net demands on the professor in his effective exercise. Under the title Online education: computers mediated communication in the teaching practice, seeks to understand what the socioeconomic environment constituent of contemporaneous time has specifically, and how such specifity expresses itself in the teaching practices. The general target of this research is to understand this new socio technical means, identifying its specificities and discussing its implications in the teaching practices. The specific targets are: to characterize the process of communication by means of a net of computers, discussing its potential in the educational field; to describe how the exercise of online teaching occurs and to interpret the collected data in the empiric field. For the understanding of the multiple relations, which constitute the education phenomena in computerized nets, it makes use of the concept of informational society, of Castells, as a background to understand the contemporaneous socio technical environment, and its communicational logics. It also relies on Pierre Lévy for the understanding of social relations brought about in the social fabric, permeated by information and communication technologies also present in the teaching and learning processes. When reporting to the first three decades of online education, it recalls the theoretical contributions and practices of the researchers and educators who have become pioneers of online education. The investigation employs the qualitative broaching of ethnographic study case as a methodological option, by means of participation procedures, observation, interpretative description and production of the studied case report, a course given totally online, the empiric field work as well as the analysis and interpretation of the collected data converge to the conclusion that the communication by computer net, breaking the space time barriers and allowing the non linear, hypertext, multimedia and multidirectional communication opens new possibilities, and also, triggers implications in the relations with knowledge, making evident the necessity to take into account, in the exercise of online teaching, the twofold mediation process: pedagogical and technological. Such possibilities and implications become more evident when the use of the most recent digital technologies seek base in other knowledge areas, noticing currently a variety of proposals set on different conceptions about education and online teaching, a field of theoretical and practical investigation still on the buildup / A presente investigação foi desenvolvida no âmbito do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação da Faculdade de Educação da Universidade Federal de Goiás e faz parte da linha de pesquisa Formação e Profissionalização Docente, que busca estudar as relações do trabalho docente com as tecnologias de informação e comunicação bem como as implicações epistemológicas, culturais, pedagógicas e institucionais destas relações. Elege como objeto de estudo o exercício da docência na virtualidade e os saberes que a comunicação mediada por computadores em rede exige do professor no seu efetivo exercício. Sob o título Docência online:comunicação mediada por computadores em rede na prática docente, busca compreender o que o meio sociotécnico constitutivo da contemporaneidade tem de específico e como tal especificidade se expressa na prática docente. É objetivo geral desta pesquisa compreender este novo meio sociotécnico, identificando suas especificidades e discutindo suas implicações na prática docente. São objetivos específicos: caracterizar o processo de Comunicação Mediada por Computador (CMC) em rede, discutindo seu potencial no campo educacional; descrever como se dá o exercício da docência online; analisar e interpretar os dados colhidos no campo empírico. Para a compreensão das múltiplas relações que constituem o fenômeno da educação em redes informatizadas, recorre ao conceito de sociedade informacional, de Castells, como pano de fundo para se entender o meio sociotécnico contemporâneo e sua lógica comunicacional. Apoia-se, também, nas reflexões de Pierre Lévy, para a compreensão das relações sociais instauradas no tecido social permeado pelas tecnologias de informação e comunicação e presentes, também, nos processos de ensinar e aprender. Ao se reportar à história das três primeiras décadas da educação online, faz um resgate das contribuições teóricas e práticas dos pesquisadores e educadores que se tornaram pioneiros da educação online. A investigação utiliza, como opção metodológica, a abordagem dialética e da pesquisa qualitativa e, mais precisamente, o estudo de caso do tipo etnográfico, mediante os procedimentos da participação, observação, descrição interpretativa e produção do relato do caso estudado, um curso ministrado totalmente online. A revisão bibliográfica realizada, o resgate das primeiras formulações teóricas e práticas da docência online, o trabalho empírico de campo, bem como a análise e interpretação dos dados coletados convergem para a conclusão de que a comunicação mediada por computadores em rede, abre novas possibilidades, ainda não totalmente exploradas. Por outro lado, ao romper com as barreiras espaço-temporais e permitir a comunicação não linear, hipertextual, multimídia e multidirecional, acarreta, também, implicações nas relações com o conhecimento, evidenciando a necessidade de se levar em conta, no exercício da docência online, o processo de dupla mediação: a pedagógica ou tecnopedagógica e a tecnológica ou tecnocomunicacional Tais possibilidades e implicações tornam-se mais evidentes na medida em que o uso das mais recentes tecnologias digitais busca fundamentação em outras áreas do conhecimento, observando-se, atualmente, uma variedade de propostas assentadas em diferentes concepções a respeito da educação e da docência online, um campo de investigação teórica e prática ainda em construção.

This study investigates the use of emoticons and abbreviations in a mode of Computer-Mediated Communication (CMC), blogs written by Swedish individuals in English. The aim of the study is to find out whether the emoticons and abbreviations used in these blogs are tailor-made by Swedish users or if they are the same as those found on the rest of the Internet. Another question asked by the study concerns if the use of emoticons and abbreviations differs depending on the gender and age group of the blogger. The method used is mainly concordance searches in a corpus, using the concordance program AntConc to find particular features of CMC. The data used for the study is a corpus of one hundred thousand words from blogs all over the Internet on a wide range of topics written by males and females of different age groups. The results of the investigation indicate that no local variations of abbreviations and emoticons exist within Swedish blogs written in English. While emoticons were used more frequently by males than their female counterparts, abbreviations were used mostly by female bloggers. It also appeared that bloggers aged thirty or younger use emoticons and abbreviations most frequently, suggesting that their use was influenced quite significantly by the age of the blogger. The conclusion drawn from this is that if any eventual local Swedish variations of emoticons and abbreviations, they exist in Swedish blogs and not English ones, as those discovered in this study do not deviate from what already exist in blogs written by native speakers of English.

Chatroom conversations often elicit an initial impression of chaos. This is probably chiefly due to disrupted adjacency sequences, but also a result of the language being rich in non-standard linguistic forms and grammar. This study explores chatroom conversations with reference to Grice’s (1975) cooperative principle and the maxims that accompany it, and compares them to real life conversations. The aim is to see whether they differ from real life conversations to the extent expected, and whether these differences give rise to any compensational strategies to ensure successful communication. The results reveal a slightly higher amount of maxim undermining in the chat room than in the real life conversations, but not as high as expected. Accordingly, few compensational strategies need be adopted. It is suggested that the main explanation for these findings is that chatroom users have adapted their conversation patterns to the medium.

I den här undersökningen tittar jag närmare på hur ordet hen används i interaktioner på Twitter. Jag frågar mig i vilka sammanhang och om vem som hen kan användas i dessa konversationer. Vad tycks gynna eller begränsa användningen av hen? Här är jag, först och främst, intresserad av att se på hur olika typer av normer kring kön och sexualitet kan tänkas påverka användningen, och vilka sådana normer som är relevanta i konversationerna. För att göra detta använder jag mig av metoden Membership categorization analysis. Med hjälp av denna metod tittar jag närmare på vilka kategoriseringar som görs relevanta och kopplas till användningen av hen. Detta möjliggör att just komma åt vilka normer som blir aktualiserade, hur de konstrueras och potentiellt påverkar användningen av hen. Därtill vill jag också se vilka möjliga alternativa positioner som hen kan tänkas etablera i relation till normativaköns- och sexualitetsdiskurser. För att fördjupa analysen av normer, kön och sexualitet tar jag min teoretiska utgångspunkt från ett queerteoretiskt perspektiv. Särskilt använder jag mig av performativitet, och det normativa ramverket den heterosexuella matrisen, som viktiga begrepp i uppsatsen för att förståhur olika köns- och sexualitetsnormer skapas och återskapas i interaktion, samt hur dessa normer påverkar möjligheterna att använda hen i konversationerna. I analysen presenterar jag två huvudgrupper som representerar olika övergripande användningsområden för hen som jag identifierat utifrån mitt material. Den ena gruppen består av användningar där hen används för att inte göra kön relevant i konversationen, och den andra är användningar där hen kan användas för att utmana eller ifrågasätta normativa föreställningar om, och beskrivningar av, kön och sexualitet. I den första gruppen är också den normkritiska aspekten av hen mer begränsad, medan den i den andra gruppen är mer central och utmanarflera olika typer av könsrelaterade normer. Ett övergripande resultat är således att hen, beroende på samtalskontexten både kan begränsasav olika könsnormer, och innebära möjligheten att dessa normer utmanas. En ytterligare aspekt som tycks begränsa möjligheten att använda hen är huruvida den som omnämns med detta ord har en relationell närhet till personen som använder ordet. I de mer nära relationerna tenderar könande pronomen att användas och tvärtom kan i stället hen användas för att benämna de personer som inte framträder med samma närhet till personen som gör referensen.

Emotikoner är ett vanligt inslag vid datormedierad kommunikation, såsom på den sociala nätverkstjänsten Twitter. Emotikoner tycks ha en vedertagen roll som känslomarkörer i en text, men forskning har visat att de även har andra funktioner av mer pragmatisk art. En mer nyanserad bild av emotikoners funktioner på Twitter kan öka förståelsen av hur de ska tolkas i texter och stödja utvecklingen av automatiska textanalyser där emotikoner förekommer. Då funktionerna hos emotikoner ur ett pragmatiskt perspektiv tidigare har studerats främst inom ramen för andra språk och kommunikationskanaler bidrar denna studie med en analys av kommunikativa funktioner hos emotikoner i twitterinlägg skrivna på svenska. 202 twitterinlägg innehållande fem olika typer av emotikoner analyseras med utgångspunkt i existerande litteratur om emotikoner samt pragmatiska teorier som talaktsteori, artighetsteori och implikatur. Sju olika funktioner identifieras. Analysen indikerar att emotikonernas främsta funktion är att markera känslor, men förekommer gör även funktioner som förändrar tolkningen av avsändarens avsikt med yttrandet, genom att mildra eller förstärka den så kallade illokuta styrkan, samt funktioner som markerar humor och ironi. Resultatet bekräftar emotikonernas främsta roll som känslomarkörer även i svenska twitterinlägg, men påvisar också att de även kan ha andra funktioner där de förändrar tolkningen av avsändarens avsikt med texten.

The purpose of this study is to describe and offer a description of postgraduate students' experiences of computer-mediated communication in an interactive web-based learning environment. This is relevant to the South African context regarding its appropriateness and feasibility as a distance-learning medium. In this research study the collaboration of offline and online learning as a dual medium is briefly looked at. Concepts involved in web interactions, such as computer-mediated communication, are reviewed and some of these experiences are described. A systems qualitative analysis was employed in the research design, and consequently a systemic lens was utilised as the theoretical perspective. This lens allowed for a revealing of interactional and communication patterns involved in web-based learning environments. The findings in this research study are discussed and some recommendations for web learners and course presenters are briefly highlighted. / Dissertation (MA (Research Psychology))--University of Pretoria, 2006. / Psychology / unrestricted

The 21st century can be defined as the fast paced information age wherein people establish another dimension to living; existing and interacting as multiple pseudopersonalities in cyberspace. The main aim of the study is to provide a description of a group of people known as 'Generation Xers', who develop cyberspace culture whilst interacting in chat-rooms. It is a two-fold process; firstly they create on-line 'pseudopersonalities' different from their off-line ‘normal’ personalities, and secondly they share unique values that characterise cyberspace culture globally. The research process starts at the microlevel where individuals interact with each other in chat-rooms. On the mesolevel unique interaction patterns develop in chat-rooms that differ from traditional face-to-face interaction patters. On the macrolevel, cyberspace culture and specific values develop that Generation Xers share on a global basis. During the research process quantitative and qualitative methods were combined in order to compliment the limitations imbedded in each methodology. Summarising relevant theories, on a microlevel the developmental process of pseudopersonalities is described by starting with its manifestation in the off-line world. The Johari-window and Roger's person-centred approach are used to describe the same process in the on-line world. On a mesolevel, differences between computer-mediated communication and face-to-face communication are discussed within the Cyber Psychology paradigm. On the macrolevel, the Internet experience is described by means of the Symbolic Action Theory. The All Media and Product Survey (AMPS) database forms the basis of the longitudinal, statistical profile of the South African Internet-user population. Currently Internet access figures remain low at around 7-8% of the total population. South African Generation Xers, aged 16-49, are the richer and more affluent part of South African society, living in major metropolitan areas, earning R12 000+. A qualitative content analysis of chat room behaviour in 384 chat-rooms sheds light on the dynamics behind their usage patterns. The .co.za-dictionary reflects the creative way in which .co.za-emotion and memory are expressed and negotiated. Pseudopersonalities that are at play in the borderless world of cyberspace continuously reflect issues, problems and struggles of everyday life in South Africa such as racial tension, political struggles and sexual interaction governed by the following cultural values: -- Respect -- An openness to the unknown -- Looking towards to the self (not governing bodies) for direction, resulting in; -- Liberty with responsibility towards the common good, the core of every society across the globe. Finally the applicability of the Internet chat-room as a psychological research tool is explored within the South African context. It seems that although an effective tool for international surveys on sensitive topics, the South African research market is not ready for this tool to be implemented. South African Generation Xers perceive themselves as part of a global cyberspace culture and any distinction between the virtual and the real, does not imply a privilege to either, but rather a connection between the two. In this digital era, cyberspace is an electronic reflection of the way people communicate, interact, share and live life. / Thesis (PhD (Psychology))--University of Pretoria, 2006. / Psychology / unrestricted

L’essor considérable d’Internet a permis l’émergence de nouveaux espaces d’échanges et d’interactions réunissant les individus à distance. Ces nouvelles formes d’interactions sociales ont conduit les chercheurs, dans le cadre des Communications Médiatisées par Ordinateur (CMO) à étudier la composante sociale des échanges en ligne, les spécificités et les conséquences de ce type d’interaction. Dans cette perspective, l’objectif de ce travail est d’examiner dans quelle mesure les spécificités des CMO – en premier lieu l’anonymat – peuvent moduler les perceptions sociales et les processus impliqués lors des interactions en ligne. Cette problématique concerne nombre de situations de communication et implique différents processus. De fait, le présent travail s’organise selon trois axes de recherche. Le premier axe aborde l’étude des perceptions groupales basées sur des appartenances circonscrites à un environnement virtuel. Le second axe s’intéresse à la modulation des perceptions de genre sur Internet, en tenant compte de la structure asymétrique de ces perceptions. Le troisième axe étudie la modulation des pressions normatives et des possibilités d’expression lors des CMO. Dans leur ensemble, ces travaux suggèrent que les CMO n’induisent pas un affaiblissement des facteurs sociaux, mais une modulation des processus en fonction des spécificités du contexte d’interaction. Les résultats de ces recherches sont discutés au regard notamment des théories de l’identité sociale, de l’auto-catégorisation et du modèle SIDE. / The growth of Internet allowed the emergence of new spaces of exchanges and social interaction between remote individuals. These new modalities of social interactions led the researchers, in the framework of Computer-Mediated Communication (CMC), to study the social component of online exchanges, characteristics and consequences of this type of interaction. In this perspective, the aim of this work is to examine how the characteristics of CMC - first anonymity - can modulate social perceptions and the processes involved in online interactions. This problem concerns many communication situations and involves different processes. Accordingly, the present work is organized in three research areas. The first part deals with the study of perceptions based on membership confined to a virtual environment. The second part focuses on the asymmetric modulation of gender perceptions on the Internet. The third part examines the influence of social norms and possibilities of expression in the CMC. Taken together, the results suggest that the CMC does not induce a weakening of social factors, but a modulation of the processes according to the characteristics of the context of interaction. The results are discussed in the light of the social identity theory, the self-categorization theory and the SIDE model.

Without question, it is apparent that organizations are predominantly dependent on the use of computer-mediated communication (CMC) to conduct their daily operations. As a result, information is rapidly flowing throughout the workplace and being exchanged at a rate unlike ever before. Unfortunately, this rapid flow of information has increased the potential for information overload to occur among employees. Through a phenomenological based approach, this study explored the experiences of information overload that occur as a result of CMC use in the workplace, from the subjective point of view of ten participants. Findings indicated that the experiences described among these participants can be understood through the examination of four descriptive themes: Constant Communication, Unpredictability, Miscommunication, and lastly Increased Workload and Responsibilities. Furthermore, two theories: Media Richness Theory (MRT) and Social Influence Theory (SIT), served as the theoretical framework for this study.