"Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in [Contract Management] from the Naval Postgraduate School, September 2008." / Advisor(s): Yoder, E. Cory ; Simon, Cary A. ; Nalwasky, Richard. "September 2008." "Joint applied project"--Cover. Description based on title screen as viewed on October 31, 2008. Includes bibliographical references (p. 89-90). Also available in print.

ABSTRACT The Air Force 2nd Logistic Commander of R.O.C. has officially assigned Hang Hsiang etc., four strategic linking companies for operation on Nov. 1,2005. This study has applied the Balanced Scorecard provided by Robert S. Kaplan & David P. Norton of the American strategic agement masters on finance, customers, internal operation flow, and growth and learning four management levels as the major research framework. Then through the interviews by experts and with reference to related recorded documents to draw the target items of the strategy maps; also, to apply questionnaire investigation to analyze the key success factors of double-winning,hoping to find out the key factors that influence the double-winning of the contractor and the military department.The main results from this study are: 1.The military department has been short of contract management personnel on the past, while private business operation must have a team of qualified contract management personnel to fulfill the duty of execution and supervision of the contract, therefore, it requires great deal of training of the personnel with such expertise so that the manufacturers can execute their jobs exactly based on the contract regulations and in coordination with the War Defense demand of the National Army. 2.To strengthen up the supervision and assessment system according to the contract regulations to make sure the maintenance quality so as to develop the overall efficiency. 3. The biggest problem the manufacturers is facing now is the difficulty to establishing material items preparation system, which seriously affect the duration of the maintenance term and the maintenance quality,therefore, the manufacturers shall actively seek the technical cooperation or authorization for maintenance with the original foreign manufacturers, also, they shall actively develop the source of the domestic and overseas business. 4. To set up the learning type organization, to strengthen up employees¡¦ professional technical ability, and to cultivate them to become trained and high morale work team. 5. There is an unlimited business opportunity on domestic military plane, the four strategic linking companies shall strengthen up their mutual cooperation and capability integration and upgrade the domestic aerospace industry standard so as to step into the international domain through the execution of the contract.

Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. / MBA Professional Report / Over the years, the United Nations' (UN) peacekeeping operations have increased significantly. When a crisis develops, the UN is expected to respond. It examines the overall situation in order to assess the political and military goals, required composition of force, equipment, training, financial implications, circumstances of deployment and effectiveness of the peacekeeping operation required. The UN does not have any permanent force structure; it is dependent on its member States for contribution of forces, though the equipment may or may not be provided by the troops' contributing countries. The UN has a standard procedure for acquiring peacekeeping operations/services. The process is a contract between the UNDPKO and the troops' contributing countries. Though there are similarities betweeen UN-followed contract management process and the generaly accepted contract management process identified in the contract management body of knowledge, there are many differences as well. The purpose of this study is both to evaluate the existing UN contract management process being followed to acquire peacekeeping operations/services from various troops' contributing countries against the generally accepted contract management process identified in the contract management body of knowledge as well as to evaluate the effectiveness of the UN contract management process maturity so as to assess the effectiveness of the UN contract management process for obtaining peacekeeping operations/services from troops' contributing countries.

Thesis (MEng)--Stellenbosch University, 2015. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: After its introduction in 1993, the use of the NEC is still limited in the civil engineering industry of South Africa. The benefits of the NEC however appear to be promising. This research identifies the barriers of a NEC adoption. Moreover, in order to recommend strategies and measures to achieve a better NEC adoption, required success factors for a NEC implementation are investigated. Beneficial insights for South Africa are gained from the Dutch UAV-GC introduction experiences. A literature study is conducted to define the research needs and focus. Both contracts are analysed and compared. These findings are then used to validate the assumed advantages of the NEC by correlating them to the contract content. Subsequently, expert interviews are conducted in which the advantages, disadvantages, barriers for adoption and success factors for implementation of the NEC are explored. Interviews with seven South African experts also contained a short-questionnaire. The short-questionnaire gave a quantitative context as validation for the qualitative advantages. In addition, three interviews with Dutch experts were conducted. In this manner the Dutch UAVGC introduction experiences were explored. In the research synthesis, findings from the various sources are validated. This is achieved through a comparison of the different methods applied in the study. The barriers identified as the main cause of obstruction to the NEC adoption are a lack of knowledge, understanding, education, effective training courses and skills in procurement strategy, contract management and general project management. Furthermore, there is a resistance from industry because of the preference for the South African contract forms. Another resistance is from employers, due to the desire for some grey area in their contract form. Principal success factors necessary for the implementation of the NEC are education, training, promotion, and a proper understanding of the NEC as well as its philosophy and benefits. Consequently, a culture change towards collaborations would be necessary. In addition employers must apply and improve their procurement strategies. As a result, the NEC would be identified as their best tool for procurement. A helpful success factor, extracted from the Dutch experience, is the requirement for knowledge sharing between governmental bodies in order to guide innovations. For optimum industry performance by the more frequent use of the NEC, this research has resulted in the following recommendations: • The industry should not be afraid to question tradition and to initiate the required cultural change towards increasing collaboration • An in uential South African institute should take responsibility for the promotion, monitoring and training of the NEC • Educate students on the NEC and other contracts based on all possible procurement strategies • An adoption strategy should be applied for inexperienced NEC parties • NEC should be used as the stimulator for improvement of South African project management practices in construction projects • Organize regular knowledge sharing meetings between governmental departments to stimulate and improve innovations • Employers should improve their procurement practices. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Na sy bekendstelling in 1993, is die gebruik van die NEC steeds beperk in die Suid- Afrikaanse ingenieursbedryf. Die voordele vir die gebruik daarvan blyk egter tog belowend te wees. Hierdie navorsing identifiseer die hindernisse wat gepaard gaan met die gebruik van die NEC in die bedryf. Die studie ondersoek ook die faktore wat 'n rol speel by die implementering van die NEC, om sodoende strategieë vir 'n meer omvattende gebruik van die NEC aan te beveel. Lesse om 'n nuwe kontrakdokument in die bedryf in te bring word geleer uit die Nederlandse ervaring met die UAV-GC. 'n Literatuurstudie is uitgevoer om die behoeftes en fokus van die navorsing te definieer. Beide kontrakvorms is geanaliseer en met mekaar vergelyk. Hierdie bevindinge is daarna gebruik om die voor- en nadele wat die NEC inhou te bevestig, deur dit te vergelyk met die inhoud van die kontrak. Onderhoude is gevolglik gevoer met industriedeelnemers waarin die voordele, nadele, hindernisse vir en die suksesfaktore vir die implementering van die NEC ondersoek is. Die sewe onderhoude wat met Suid-Afrikaanse deskundiges gevoer is, het elk 'n kort vraelys ingesluit. Die kort vraelys verleen 'n kwantitatiewe bevestiging van die bevindinge. Aansluitend is daar ook drie onderhoude met Nederlandse deskundiges gevoer. Op hierdie wyse is die Nederlandse ervarings ondersoek met die inlywing van die UAV-GC. In die navorsingsintese word die bevindinge van die verskillende bronne bevestig. Dit word bereik deur 'n vergelyking van die resultate van die verskillende metodes wat in die studie gebruik is. Hindernisse wat geïdentifiseer is as die hoof oorsaak vir die beperkte inlywing van die NEC in die bedryf, is die tekort aan kennis, begrip, opvoeding, effektiewe opleidingskursusse, vaardighede in aankoopstrategieë, tekort aan kennis oor kontrakbestuur en ook algemene projekbestuur. Boonop is daar teëstand van die bedryf weens die voorkeur vir Suid-Afrikaanse kontrakvorms. Verdere teëstand word verkry deur werkgewers vanweë die behoefte na grys area in hul kontrakte. Die belangrikste faktore wat benodig word vir die suksesvolle implementering van die NEC is opleiding, kennis en begrip van die NEC, asook begrip van sy filosofie en voordele. 'n Kultuur verandering, met die fokus op samewerking tussen partye, is noodsaaklik. Werkgewers moet verder hul aankoopstrategieë verbeter. 'n Nuttige faktor vir die suksesvolle inlywing van die NEC, verkry uit die Nederlandse ervaring, is die vereiste vir die uitruil van kennis onder staatsdepartemente om sodoende die veranderinge te lei. Om die gebruik van die NEC optimaal by die Suid-Afrikaanse ingenieursbedryf in te lei, het die navorsing tot die volgende gevolgtrekkings gelei: • Die bedryf moet nie huiwer om tradisie te bevraagteken nie. Dit is nodig dat kultuurveranderinge gemaak word om samewerking tussen partye te bewerkstellig • 'n Invloedryke Suid-Afrikaanse instituut moet verantwoordelikheid neem vir die bevordering, die monitering en opleiding vir die gebruik van die NEC • Studente moet opgelei word met blootstelling aan die NEC asook blootstelling aan 'n verskeidenheid van aankoopstrategieë • 'n Strategie moet ontwikkel word om partye wat onbekend is met die NEC daarvan bewus te maak • Die NEC moet gebruik word as bron wat die Suid-Afrikaanse projekbestuurs- en kontrakbestuuromgewings kan verbeter • Daar moet skakeling wees tussen staatsdepartemente om sodoende verandering te bevorder en te verbeter in aankoopstrategieë • Werkgewers moet hulle aankoopstrategieë en praktyke verbeter.

Government increasingly contracts out public functions to the private sector. While theory about contract performance management is abundant, there is little empirical evidence on contract performance. Additionally, the public management contract literature emphasizes management strategies to produce desired performance but largely disregards how the structure of ex post contract settings influences individual contract performance. In this dissertation, I develop theory and measures to assess how structural variables influence contract performance on quality dimensions. I focus on networked structures of exchange between contracted programs and government funders and the way exchange is situated in a larger environment. The empirical basis for my dissertation is a set of government funded residential services programs for delinquent youth. The outcome variable is a measure of program quality created by the government funder. Predictor variables include competition at the program and parent organization level and the overall presence of public and nonprofit programs in the contract network. I also examine the effects of organizational form on performance. Most programs are contracted to nonprofit and for-profit organizations with a small number of programs directly provided by government. The mixed market provides an opportunity to test existing theory about organizational form and performance. I use hierarchical linear models (HLM) and qualitative comparative analysis (QCA) to examine how structural variables influence performance. In the HLM analysis, I find some support for my hypotheses about structural predictors of performance. In the QCA analysis, I find that effects of organizational form are conditional upon structural variables. It appears that nonprofit and public programs perform well under a variety of conditions while for-profit programs are more likely to perform acceptably when they are constrained by structural factors like competition. This dissertation makes theoretical, empirical and practical contributions to the field of public management. Following recent, scholarly tradition, I examine the changing role of government and its increasing use of the nonprofit and for-profit organizations to deliver government services. I incorporate structural theory into the contract management literature and demonstrate the structure of contract settings influences performance. I also develop formal measures of competition in contract settings. I also find that HLM and QCA can be complementary analytical tools and provide a richer picture of causal processes when used on the same dataset.

Dentre as melhores práticas de gerenciamento de projetos, que envolvem áreas de conhecimento como escopo, prazo, custos, qualidade, comunicação, recursos humanos, aquisições, segurança, meio ambiente e a integração destas disciplinas e seus processos, a gestão de riscos é uma das áreas de relevância e que tem sido estudada, detalhada e aplicada nas organizações. Porém o tema da gestão de riscos com o foco nas aquisições de bens e serviços em projetos de bens de capital embora contribua para o atendimento dos objetivos dos projetos não é comumente encontrado na literatura técnica em gerenciamento de projetos. Este trabalho analisa especificamente a gestão dos riscos operacionais do processo de aquisição de bens e serviços para a implantação de projetos de bens de capital, compreendidos desde o processo de planejamento da aquisição até o encerramento do contrato. Através de uma revisão conceitual e da aplicação de estudos de casos em três empresas de relevância no cenário de negócios e de projetos no nível nacional e internacional foi possível validar a importância do tema no contexto de projetos de bens de capital, bem como compreender como as empresas pesquisadas estão estruturadas para o gerenciamento de riscos, relacionar categorias típicas de riscos para a aquisição de bens e serviços nestes projetos, verificar a aderência aos conceitos teóricos e identificar algumas práticas consolidadas e não consolidadas sobre o assunto baseado na análise de dados e lições aprendidas das empresas pesquisadas. / Considering all project management best practices, who involve process groups as scope, time, costs, quality, communication, human resources, procurement, safety, environment and the integration of all of them and its processes, the risk management is one of the relevant areas who has been studied, detailed and applied in some organizations. However the risk management focus on procurement and contracts even contributing with the success of the projects objectives it is not a common subject found at project management technical literature. This research focus specifically at the capital project risk management for the procurement of goods and contracts, from the procurement and contract planning phase till the contract close out. The research was conducted through a conceptual review and the application of case studies in three relevant organizations regarding their business and projects from the Brazilian and international scenarios. As a result it was possible to validate the importance of the procurement and contracts risk management for the capital projects, as well to understand how the studied organizations are structured to deal with the risk management, to list the typical risk categories, to verify the conceptual adherence and finally to identify the consolidated and non consolidated practices based on the data analysis from the studied organizations.

A década de 90 foi marcada em muitos países ao redor do globo por profundas transformações na administração pública com base na New Public Management, que buscaram aumentar a eficiência dos serviços prestados e racionalizar o gasto público, através da introdução de novos instrumentos de gestão no Estado e a aproximação da iniciativa privada. Processo este que ocorreu no Brasil guiado pelo Plano Diretor de Reforma do Aparelho do Estado. Na área da saúde este processo ocorreu principalmente nos hospitais, devido aos altos custos envolvidos nestas instituições que integram os sistemas de saúde. Um dos instrumentos introduzidos foi a publicização da gestão de serviços públicos por entidades sem finalidades lucrativas, pela contratualização de resultados, sendo São Paulo o estado onde mais se utiliza este modelo no país. Neste contexto, o presente trabalho tem como objetivo fazer uma análise da eficiência operacional dos hospitais públicos de grande porte que atuam no atendimento de alta complexidade no Estado de São Paulo, geridos pela administração direta e por organizações sociais via contrato de gestão, através da análise dos dados dos hospitais disponíveis nos portais da transparência utilizando o DEA e do conteúdo dos contratos de gestão firmados entre o poder público e as entidades gestoras pelo software IRAMUTEQ. Os resultados indicam que os hospitais geridos por organizações sociais apresentavam nível de eficiência operacional maior se comparados aos geridos pelo próprio estado. Entre os fatores encontrados citamos: a distinção no porte destas instituições, no volume dos recursos financeiros, na maior quantidade de atividades na alta complexidade, e o conteúdo dos contratos firmados, que apresentam metas e indicadores de qualidade para a avaliação dos serviços prestados / The 1990s were marked in many countries around the globe by deep transformations in public administration based on New Public Management, which sought to increase the efficiency of services provided and rationalize public spending through the introduction of new management tools in the State and the approximation of private initiative. This process occurred in Brazil guided by the Master Plan of Reform of the State Apparatus. In the area of health this process occurred mainly in hospitals, due to the high costs involved in these institutions that integrate health systems. One of the instruments introduced was the publicizing of the management of public services by non-profit-making entities, through the contracting of results, with São Paulo being the state where this model is most used in the country. In this context, the objective of this study is to analyze the operational efficiency of large public hospitals that operate in high complexity care in the State of São Paulo, managed by the direct administration and by social organizations through a management contract, through analysis of the data of the hospitals available in the transparency portals using the DEA and the content of the management contracts entered into between the public authority and the managing entities by the IRAMUTEQ software. The results indicate that hospitals managed by social organizations had a higher level of operational efficiency than those managed by the state itself. Among the factors we have mentioned are: the distinction in the size of these institutions, the volume of financial resources, the greater number of activities in the high complexity, and the content of the contracts signed, which present goals and quality indicators for the evaluation of services rendered

The complex and challenging process of construction supply chain management can involve tens of thousands of engineered components, systems, and subsystems, all of which must be designed in a multi-party and collaborative environment, the complexity of which is vastly increased in the case of megaprojects. A comprehensive Advanced Construction Supply Nexus Model (ACSNM) was developed as a computational and process-oriented environment to help project managers deal efficiently and effectively with supply chain issues: fragmentation, resource shortages, design delays, and planning and scheduling deficiencies, all of which result in decreased productivity, cost and time overruns, conflicts, and time-consuming legal disputes. To mitigate the effects of these difficulties, four new prototype systems are created: a front-end planning tool (FEPT), a construction value packaging system (CVPS), an integrated construction materials management (ICMM) system, and an ACSNM database. Because these components are closely interdependent elements of construction supply nexus management, the successfully developed model incorporates cross-functional integration. This research therefore effectively addresses process management, process integration, and document management, features not included in previous implementations of similar models for construction-related applications. This study also introduces new concepts and definitions, such as construction value packages comprised of value units that form the scope of value-added work defined by type, stage in the value chain, and other elements such as drawings and specifications. The application of the new technologies and methods reveals that the ACSNM has the potential to improve the performance and management of the enterprise-wide supply chain. Through opportunities provided by our industry partners, Coreworx Inc. and Aecon Group Inc., the elements of the developed model have been validated with respect to implementation using data from several construction megaprojects. The model is intended to govern current supply nexus processes associated with such megaprojects but may be general enough for eventual application in other construction sectors, such as multi-unit housing and infrastructure.

This document investigates the relationship between the usage of relational forms of governance and the completeness of contractual documents. It further examines howthis relationship is presided by the development of social norms between contracting parties. A case study was conducted within Company X, a top European company in the Energy Sector, where interviews to managers and contractual documents were inspected for aqualitative analysis of the aforementioned relationship. The results indicate that the employment of relational governance mechanisms does affect contractual completeness on one of its two dimensions: contingency adaptability. This aspect is enhanced as relational norms are interwoven in the exchange agreement. A clear connection with the second dimension, term specificity, could not be identified, and is instead attributed to contextual idiosyncrasies such as industry type andgovernance structure design. A theoretical model depicting this phenomenon was developed, including mediating effects by situational variables.

No description available.