No description available.

No description available.

No description available.

No description available.

The field of coping has become more developed during the past decades but there is still a lot to be discovered and discussed. Theories of developmental psychology describe the possibility to map a general developmental structure of how the human mind expands. The aim of this study is to contribute to further research in whether there is a reason why we cope the way we do in relation to age. The questions answered in this study was, what coping two girls, whom lived during the Holocaust, used and how the coping found, were possible to interpret from theories of developmental psychology. In order to answer the questions asked a method called Template Analysis Style and three different theories have been applied. The main theory is about coping by Kenneth Pargament and the other two are theories of developmental psychology out of the cognitive perspective by Jean Piaget and the psychosocial perspective by Erik H. Erikson. The conclusion made by this study is that it is possible to associate and interpret the result found in the material from the two individuals with developmental psychology. However, more studies are needed before it is possible to make any kind of generalizations.

Bakgrund: Att drabbas av en cancersjukdom kan leda till rädsla och osäkerhet men även till livsförändringar som patienten kan behöva anpassa sig till. Förmågan att anpassa sig kan ske hos patienter med en cancersjukdom genom copingstrategierna religion och andlighet. Dessa copingstrategier kan hjälpa patienterna att hantera situationen och därmed också finna en tröst och ett stöd. Syfte: Var att beskriva religion och andlighet som copingstrategier hos patienter med en cancersjukdom. Metod: Denna litteraturöversikt grundar sig på tio stycken vårdvetenskapliga artiklar som är utgivna mellan åren 2007-2013. Artiklarna är hämtade från databaserna CINAHL plus with full text och MEDLINE with full text. Artiklarna har bearbetats och analyserats stegvis. Resultat: Resultatet presenteras med hjälp av tre huvudteman; Gud och andlighet, Positiv och negativ religiös coping och Religiöst och andligt stöd. Alla dessa huvudteman innehåller även underteman. Gud och andlighet innebar att många patienter förlitade sig till Gud och sin andlighet samt att Gud kunde beskrivas och ses på olika sätt. Positiv och negativ religiös coping användes mer av kvinnor medan män använde sig mera utav en negativ religiös coping. Religiöst och andligt stöd visades vara något som inte togs upp av vårdgivare trots att nästan alla patienter önskade någon typ av andlig vård. Diskussion: Omvårdnadsteoretikern Katie Eriksson menar att alla människor på något sätt är andliga eller religiösa och att det inom vården måste uppmärksammas mer för att minska lidandet. Att använda religion och andlighet som en copingstrategi har kommit att bli ett verktyg för patienterna att kunna hantera deras cancersjukdom. De eventuella existentiella frågorna kunde enligt många patienter och Katie Eriksson endast bli besvarade genom religion och andlighet. / Background: To be suffering from a cancer disease can lead to fear and insecurity but also to the life changes that the patient may need to adjust to. The ability to adapt often occurs in patients with a cancer disease through the coping strategies religion and spirituality. These coping strategies can help patients to cope with the situation and therefore find comfort and support. Aim: Was to describe religion and spirituality as coping strategies in patients with a cancer disease.  Method: This literature review is based on ten healthcare scientific articles published between the years 2007-2013. The articles can be found in the databases CINAHL Plus with Full Text and MEDLINE with full text. The articles have been processed and analysed. Results: The result is presented using three main themes; God and spirituality, Positive and negative religious coping and Religious and spiritual support. All these main themes include subthemes. God and spirituality meant that many patients relied to God and their spirituality and that God could be described and viewed in different ways. Positive and negative religious coping was used more by women while men used more of a negative religious coping. Religious and spiritual support appeared to be something that was not addressed by health care providers despite the fact that almost all patients wanted some type of spiritual care. Discussions: Nursing theorist Katie Eriksson believes that all human beings are somehow spiritual or religious and that the healthcare needs to give more attention in order to reduce suffering. The use of religion and spirituality as a coping strategy has become a tool for patients to cope with their cancer disease. The eventual existential questions according to many patients and Katie Eriksson could only be answered through religion and spirituality.

Bakgrund: Bröstcancer är den vanligaste formen av cancer hos kvinnor. Vid diagnos är det inte bara kvinnan som drabbas utan även närstående. Detta kan skapa obalans i det vardagliga livet vilket även påverkar hela familjens välbefinnandet. Syfte: Syftet med studien är att belysa närstående upplevelser efter att en familjemedlem fått diagnosen bröstcancer. Metod: En systematisk litteraturstudie genomfördes. Detta genom att systematiskt analysera tidigare forskning. Både kvantitativ och kvalitativ forskning inkluderades. Databaser som använts vid datainsamlingen är CINAHL, PubMed och PsycINFO. Till denna studie inkluderades sju artiklar, fem kvantitativa, en kvalitativ samt en mixed method. Dessa granskades utifrån Forsberg och Wengström (2013) granskningsmallar. Resultat: Resultatet genererade fyra kategorier; Kommunikationens betydelse för familjens sammanhållning, Förmågan att anpassa sig, Behov av att finnas till och Den psykiska påfrestningen. Slutsats: Resultatet visar att kommunikationen är centrum för välbefinnande. För att hela familjen ska må bra under sjukdomsförloppet krävs en öppen kommunikation. Även den psykiska påfrestningen kan minska vid en öppen kommunikation samt att närstående får känna sig delaktiga i vården. Genom detta kan  närstående ha det lättare att hantera och acceptera situationen.

The present study was motivated by a need to employ multilevel studies to better understand why the experience of stressful life events is predictive of increased rates of psychopathology. Specifically, this study aimed to test the moderating role of coping on associations between stress reactivity (autonomic arousal) and broad-spectrum internalizing and externalizing problems in a normative sample. Participants were 140 adolescents and emerging adults (ages 14-30 years; 60% female) who completed questionnaires on coping, stressful life events, personality, and behavioral/emotional problems. Skin conductance and heart rate data were also measured while participants completed two laboratory stress tasks: a public speaking task and a task involving serial subtraction. Path analytic results suggested negative main effects for primary and secondary control coping, and positive main effects for disengagement coping, on internalizing and externalizing problems. Evidence was also found for interactive effects of skin conductance reactivity to the public speaking task and secondary control coping on externalizing problems for adolescents only, such that there was a negative association between SCL reactivity and externalizing problems for individuals reporting low use of secondary control coping, but SCL reactivity and externalizing problems were unrelated for individuals reporting high use of secondary control coping. Associations were also found between personality variables and both coping and internalizing and externalizing problems, but not with autonomic arousal. Although a priori hypotheses regarding interaction effects were mainly unsupported, results from the present study suggest that future research examining the interplay among stress reactivity, coping, and personality will be important in furthering our understanding of the development of psychopathology and helping to tailor effective efforts at prevention and intervention.

Student Number : 0316820H - MA research report - School of Human and Community Development - Faculty of Humanities / The diagnosis of a serious disability brings many changes to the family of the newly diagnosed member. Each type of disability and each child is unique. The characteristics of autism make raising an autistic child challenging and places great stress on the family. The diagnosis of autism therefore presents the family with a great deal of unique challenges. Coping is necessary for the maintenance of the family and for the quality of life to remain intact for the individual family members. Traditionally the emphasis has been on treating the autistic child. However, recently more attention has been devoted to providing supportive and counselling services to the families of autistic children. Research has shifted its focus towards identifying those resources that enable the family to cope successfully in the face of chronic stress. The present study used the process model of stress and coping (Folkman & Lazarus, 1984) to examine the variables that may alleviate parental stress. These variables include both personal and socio-ecological coping resources, for example, personality variables, parenting skills, previous coping skills, social support and support from formal agencies. The sample selected consisted of 31 parents of autistic children. The parents were recruited through schools that cater specifically to autistic children and the parents were all volunteer participants. The results indicated that intervention and parent education levels are associated with the level of stress experienced by parents of autistic children. These results highlight the need for family-based intervention programmes that are specifically tailored to suit the needs of the family being helped. Without adequate services, it is unlikely that any amount of psychosocial support will be able to prevent family stress.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-07-27T14:22:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Herica Landi de Brito.pdf: 742193 bytes, checksum: 23a5026238dddcc51d7f4e6e253f31b1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-03-10 / This study presents a empirical research which approaches the religious coping of people in psychotherapy before stressful situations. The first part corresponds to a theoretical revision of literature related to the themes: stress, health, coping, religious coping and psychotherapy. The second one, in empiric scientific article form, which, in turn, describes the qualitative analysis of interviews with eight people in cognitivebehavioral psychotherapy. The data indicate that the participants used their religious dimension to deal with crisis situations, in a way it is possible to say that this constituted an important coping resource before difficulties that arose in their lives, but without receiving the pertinent attention by their psychotherapists. Results underline the importance of clinical researchers and psychologists to recognize and be alert about both presence and influence of religious coping in their client´s lives. Thus, the theory of coping could be integrated in clinic psychology with the intention of developing psychotherapic methods that consider religion as a coping resource. / O presente estudo apresenta uma pesquisa empírica que aborda o coping religioso de pessoas em psicoterapia diante situações de estresse. A primeira parte, corresponde à uma revisão teórica da literatura relacionada aos temas: estresse, saúde, coping, coping religioso e Psicoterapia. A segunda parte, em formato de artigo científico empírico, que, por sua vez, descreve a análise qualitativa de entrevistas com oito pessoas em psicoterapia cognitivo-comportamental. Os dados indicam que os participantes utilizaram sua dimensão religiosa para lidar com situações de crise, de modo que se pode dizer que esta se constituiu em um importante recurso de coping diante das dificuldades que surgiram em suas vidas, mas sem receber a devida atenção por parte dos seus psicoterapeutas. Os resultados sublinham a importância de pesquisadores e psicólogos clínicos reconhecerem e estarem atentos quanto à presença e influência do coping religioso na vida de seus clientes. Assim, a teoria de coping poderia ser integrada na psicologia clínica com o intuito de desenvolver métodos psicoterápicos que considerem a religião como um recurso de coping.