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Surgical treatment of left main coronary artery stenosis /Jönsson, Anders, January 2006 (has links)
Diss. (sammanfattning) Stockholm : Karol. inst., 2006. / Härtill 5 uppsatser.
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Guidewire Flow Obstruction Effect on Diagnosis of Coronary Lesion Severity: In-Vitro Experimental and Numerical StudyAshtekar, Koustubh D. January 2006 (has links)
No description available.
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Vital exhaustion and coronary artery disease in women : biological correlates and behavioral intervention /Koertge, Jenny, January 2003 (has links)
Diss. (sammanfattning) Stockholm : Karol. inst., 2003. / Härtill 5 uppsatser.
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Comparison of 5-Year Clinical Outcomes between Pressure Drop Coefficient and Fractional Flow Reserve in Patients with Coronary Artery DiseaseRamadurai, Sruthi 15 June 2020 (has links)
No description available.
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Avaliação da associação da gordura pericárdica medida pela tomografia computadorizada com a presença de aterosclerose coronária subclínica em pacientes com hipercolesterolemia familiar / Study of the association of pericardial fat determined by computed tomography with the presence of subclinical coronary atherosclerosis in patients with familial hypercholesterolemiaMangili, Leonardo Celeste 27 September 2016 (has links)
A hipercolesterolemia familiar (HF) é uma doença causada por um grupo de alterações genéticas que resultam em altas concentrações de colesterol no sangue e aumento na prevalência de aterosclerose subclínica e risco de eventos coronarianos precoces. Apesar da importância do colesterol como fator causal da aterosclerose na HF, o curso desta última é variável e influenciado por outros fatores de risco. A gordura pericárdica é um compartimento da gordura visceral e está associada à presença de aterosclerose coronária subclínica em populações sem HF. Este estudo avaliou a associação da gordura pericárdica com a presença e extensão da aterosclerose coronária subclínica em pacientes com HF. Noventa e sete pacientes com HF diagnosticada por critérios clínicos, confirmada geneticamente em 67% dos casos, foram submetidos a angiotomografia de coronárias e determinação do escore de cálcio (CAC). Foram analisadas a presença de placas, de estenose luminal > 50%, de CAC > 0 e do percentil de CAC > 75. Para se quantificar a extensão e gravidade da aterosclerose coronária subclínica foram avaliados de forma contínua a CAC, o Segment-Involvement Score (SIS) e o Segment-Stenosis Score (SSS). O volume de gordura pericárdica foi aferido por método semiautomático e dividido em dois compartimentos: gordura epicárdica (localizada dentre do saco pericárdico) e mediastinal (localizada fora do pericárdio). Para avaliar a associação dos volumes de gordura pericárdica com a aterosclerose subclínica foram ajustados modelos de regressão logística e linear. Os pacientes tinham idade média de 45 (±13) anos, com predomínio do sexo feminino. Foi encontrada presença de placas coronarianas e de CAC em 47,4% e 45,4% dos pacientes, respectivamente. Idade, colesterol total, LDL-C, HDL-C, apolipoproteína A-I, apolipoproteína B, presença de xantomas de tendão de Aquiles e clearance de creatinina foram associados a aterosclerose coronária subclínica na análise univariada. Os volumes de gordura pericárdica se associaram à presença de síndrome metabólica, hipertensão arterial, idade, IMC, a circunferência abdominal, o colesterol não-HDL, triglicerídeos e glicemia de jejum. Na análise multivariada em modelos ajustados para idade, sexo, tabagismo, HDL-C, LDL-C, circunferência abdominal, síndrome metabólica e uso prévio de estatinas, a gordura epicárdica foi associada independentemente com o percentil de CAC > 75 e foi diretamente proporcional a intensidade da CAC, SSS e SIS. Em conclusão, a gordura epicárdica associou-se independentemente à maior extensão e gravidade de aterosclerose coronária subclínica em pacientes com HF / Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is a disease caused by a group of genetic mutations resulting in high blood cholesterol and elevated prevalence of subclinical atherosclerosis and early coronary events. Although high cholesterol is the driving cause of atherosclerosis in FH, the course of the latter is variable and is affected by other risk factors. Pericardial fat (PF) is a visceral fat compartment that is associated to the presence of subclinical atherosclerosis in non-FH populations. The present study sought to determine the association of PF with the presence and extent of subclinical coronary atherosclerosis in FH subjects. Ninety-seven patients with clinical diagnosis of FH, genetically confirmed in 67%, were submitted to coronary tomography angiography and coronary artery calcium (CAC) quantification. The presence of plaques, luminal stenosis > 50%, CAC > 0, CAC percentile above 75 were evaluated. In order to evaluate the extent and severity of subclinical atherosclerosis, the CAC scores, Segment-Involvement Score (SIS) and Segment-Stenosis Score (SSS) were also measured. Pericardial fat volumes were measured by semi automated method and divided in two compartments: epicardial fat (located inside the pericardial sac) and mediastinal fat (located outside pericardial sac). Logistic regression and linear models tested the association of PF volumes with subclinical coronary atherosclerosis. Patients were predominantly female, with mean age of 45 (± 13) years. Coronary plaques and CAC were found respectively in 47.4% and 45.4% of patients. Age, total cholesterol, LDL-C, HDL-C, apolipoproteins A-I and B, the presence of Achilles xanthomas and creatinine clearance were associated with subclinical coronary atherosclerosis in univariate analysis. PF volumes were associated with the presence of metabolic syndrome, hypertension age, BMI, abdominal circumference non-HDL-cholesterol triglycerides and fasting glucose. On multivariate analysis in models adjusted for age, sex, smoking, HDL-C, LDL-C, abdominal circumference, metabolic syndrome and previous statin use epicardial fat was independently associated with CAC > 75th percentile, and was directly proportional to the intensity of CAC, SSS and SIS. In conclusion, epicardial fat was independently associated with a greater extension and severity of subclinical atherosclerosis in FH patients
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Escore de cálcio e redução luminal associado a funcionalidade e capacidade física em pacientes com doença arterial coronária / Coronary artery calcium score and luminal reduction associated with functionality and physical capacity in patients with coronary arterial diseaseMatos, Carlos José Oliveira de 22 December 2017 (has links)
INTRODUCTION: The coronary computed tomography angiography (CTA) with
evaluation of coronary artery calcium score (CACS) and coronary stenosis by
reducing luminal is a method that enables evaluation of cardiovascular risk in
patients with subclinical atherosclerosis. The diagnosis of coronary artery
disease (CAD) may contribute to the perception of possible impact on daily
activities that affect the autonomy of the person.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the functionality and physical ability and your
association with CACS and coronary stenosis in patients with CAD.
METHODOLOGY: Cross-sectional study with 208 consecutive patients, both
genders, in two hospitals that perform CTA in Aracaju/Brazil. Patients underwent
the assessment functional through the functional independence measure (FIM),
Katz index modified, Barthel index and the 6-minute walk test. Then, patients
underwent CTA for quantification of CACS and the degree of coronary stenosis
and the number of vessels affected. We used the chi-square test, ANOVA and
Tukey for analysis between intra-group, and linear regression to assess
association between variables. A significance level of 5% using the SPSS 21.0.
RESULTS: The mean age was 57.0±11.2 years, with 61.5% female. The most
frequent risk factors were high blood pressure (78.4%), followed by family history
(72.1%). 9.9% of the sample had previous CAD. The most frequent symptoms
was typical precordialgia (39%). The CACS was changed in 49.5% of the
patients, being the group of CACS intermediate (23.8%). The FIM presented 81%
of the maximum value, and the distance traveled of 67.9% of the predicted
distance, and difference was observed between the distance travelled between
the CACS groups (p = 0.03). The functional dependence showed dependence of
with the sedentary lifestyle (p=0.007), and dyspnea (p=0.008), while the physical
capacity independently influence presented with dyspnea (p=0.03).
CONCLUSION: Reduction in physical capacity was associated with a higher
increase in the CACS and greater luminal reduction in patients with CAD, and
functionality reduced in the higher CACS groups, presenting sedentary lifestyle
and dyspnea as independent associated factors, which suggests a greater impact
functional in these patients. / Introdução: A angiotomografia computadorizada de coronárias (ATCC) com
avaliação do escore de cálcio coronário (EC) e estenose coronariana, através da
redução luminal é um método que possibilita avaliação de risco cardiovascular
em pacientes com aterosclerose subclínica. O diagnóstico da doença arterial
coronária (DAC) pode contribuir para percepção de possível impacto nas
atividades diárias que afetam a autonomia da pessoa.
OBJETIVO: Avaliar a funcionalidade e capacidade física e sua associação com
EC e redução luminal de pacientes com DAC.
METODOLOGIA: Estudo transversal com 208 pacientes consecutivos, ambos
os sexos, em dois hospitais que realizam exame de ATCC em Aracaju/Brasil. Os
pacientes foram submetidos a avaliação funcional através da medida de
independência funcional (MIF), índice de Katz modificado, índice de Barthel e o
teste de caminhada de 6 minutos. Em seguida, os pacientes foram submetidos
a ATCC para a quantificação do EC e o grau de estenose coronariana e o
número dos vasos afetados, sendo separado por grupos de EC. Usamos o teste
do qui-quadrado, ANOVA e Tukey para análise intragrupo e regressão linear
para avaliar a associação entre as variáveis. Utilizado o software SPSS 21.0 e
nível de significância de 5%.
RESULTADOS: A idade média foi de 57.0±11.2 anos, com 61,5% do sexo
feminino. Os fatores de risco mais frequentes foram hipertensão arterial (78,4%),
seguido por história familiar (72,1%). 9,9% da amostra já apresentava DAC
prévia. O sintoma mais frequente foi precordialgia típica (39%). O EC foi alterado
em 49,5% dos pacientes, sendo o EC intermediário (101-400) apresentou 23,8%.
A MIF apresentou 81% do valor máximo e a distância percorrida de 67,9% da
distância prevista, e foi observada diferença entre a distância percorrida entre os
grupos de centros (p=0,03). A análise da funcionalidade mostrou dependência
de com o sedentarismo (p=0,007) e a dispneia (p=0,008), enquanto a
capacidade física apresentou influência com a dispneia, de forma independente
(p=0,03).
CONCLUSÃO: A redução da capacidade física foi associada a maior elevação
do EC e a maior redução luminal em pacientes com DAC, sendo que a
funcionalidade reduziu nos grupos de EC mais elevados, apresentando o
sedentarismo e a dispneia como fatores independentes associados, o que
sugerem maior impacto funcional nestes pacientes. / Aracaju
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Avaliação da associação da gordura pericárdica medida pela tomografia computadorizada com a presença de aterosclerose coronária subclínica em pacientes com hipercolesterolemia familiar / Study of the association of pericardial fat determined by computed tomography with the presence of subclinical coronary atherosclerosis in patients with familial hypercholesterolemiaLeonardo Celeste Mangili 27 September 2016 (has links)
A hipercolesterolemia familiar (HF) é uma doença causada por um grupo de alterações genéticas que resultam em altas concentrações de colesterol no sangue e aumento na prevalência de aterosclerose subclínica e risco de eventos coronarianos precoces. Apesar da importância do colesterol como fator causal da aterosclerose na HF, o curso desta última é variável e influenciado por outros fatores de risco. A gordura pericárdica é um compartimento da gordura visceral e está associada à presença de aterosclerose coronária subclínica em populações sem HF. Este estudo avaliou a associação da gordura pericárdica com a presença e extensão da aterosclerose coronária subclínica em pacientes com HF. Noventa e sete pacientes com HF diagnosticada por critérios clínicos, confirmada geneticamente em 67% dos casos, foram submetidos a angiotomografia de coronárias e determinação do escore de cálcio (CAC). Foram analisadas a presença de placas, de estenose luminal > 50%, de CAC > 0 e do percentil de CAC > 75. Para se quantificar a extensão e gravidade da aterosclerose coronária subclínica foram avaliados de forma contínua a CAC, o Segment-Involvement Score (SIS) e o Segment-Stenosis Score (SSS). O volume de gordura pericárdica foi aferido por método semiautomático e dividido em dois compartimentos: gordura epicárdica (localizada dentre do saco pericárdico) e mediastinal (localizada fora do pericárdio). Para avaliar a associação dos volumes de gordura pericárdica com a aterosclerose subclínica foram ajustados modelos de regressão logística e linear. Os pacientes tinham idade média de 45 (±13) anos, com predomínio do sexo feminino. Foi encontrada presença de placas coronarianas e de CAC em 47,4% e 45,4% dos pacientes, respectivamente. Idade, colesterol total, LDL-C, HDL-C, apolipoproteína A-I, apolipoproteína B, presença de xantomas de tendão de Aquiles e clearance de creatinina foram associados a aterosclerose coronária subclínica na análise univariada. Os volumes de gordura pericárdica se associaram à presença de síndrome metabólica, hipertensão arterial, idade, IMC, a circunferência abdominal, o colesterol não-HDL, triglicerídeos e glicemia de jejum. Na análise multivariada em modelos ajustados para idade, sexo, tabagismo, HDL-C, LDL-C, circunferência abdominal, síndrome metabólica e uso prévio de estatinas, a gordura epicárdica foi associada independentemente com o percentil de CAC > 75 e foi diretamente proporcional a intensidade da CAC, SSS e SIS. Em conclusão, a gordura epicárdica associou-se independentemente à maior extensão e gravidade de aterosclerose coronária subclínica em pacientes com HF / Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is a disease caused by a group of genetic mutations resulting in high blood cholesterol and elevated prevalence of subclinical atherosclerosis and early coronary events. Although high cholesterol is the driving cause of atherosclerosis in FH, the course of the latter is variable and is affected by other risk factors. Pericardial fat (PF) is a visceral fat compartment that is associated to the presence of subclinical atherosclerosis in non-FH populations. The present study sought to determine the association of PF with the presence and extent of subclinical coronary atherosclerosis in FH subjects. Ninety-seven patients with clinical diagnosis of FH, genetically confirmed in 67%, were submitted to coronary tomography angiography and coronary artery calcium (CAC) quantification. The presence of plaques, luminal stenosis > 50%, CAC > 0, CAC percentile above 75 were evaluated. In order to evaluate the extent and severity of subclinical atherosclerosis, the CAC scores, Segment-Involvement Score (SIS) and Segment-Stenosis Score (SSS) were also measured. Pericardial fat volumes were measured by semi automated method and divided in two compartments: epicardial fat (located inside the pericardial sac) and mediastinal fat (located outside pericardial sac). Logistic regression and linear models tested the association of PF volumes with subclinical coronary atherosclerosis. Patients were predominantly female, with mean age of 45 (± 13) years. Coronary plaques and CAC were found respectively in 47.4% and 45.4% of patients. Age, total cholesterol, LDL-C, HDL-C, apolipoproteins A-I and B, the presence of Achilles xanthomas and creatinine clearance were associated with subclinical coronary atherosclerosis in univariate analysis. PF volumes were associated with the presence of metabolic syndrome, hypertension age, BMI, abdominal circumference non-HDL-cholesterol triglycerides and fasting glucose. On multivariate analysis in models adjusted for age, sex, smoking, HDL-C, LDL-C, abdominal circumference, metabolic syndrome and previous statin use epicardial fat was independently associated with CAC > 75th percentile, and was directly proportional to the intensity of CAC, SSS and SIS. In conclusion, epicardial fat was independently associated with a greater extension and severity of subclinical atherosclerosis in FH patients
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Prediktori ishoda operativnog lečenja pacijenata sa koronarnom i karotidnom arteriosklerozom / Predictors of operative treatment outcome in group of patients with coronary and carotid atherosclerosisMilosavljević Aleksandar 29 September 2016 (has links)
<p>Boljom prevencijom aterosklerotskih bolesti i uvođenjem invazivnih procedura endoluminalnim pristupom u lečenju koronarne bolesti i karotidne bolesti, hirurške procedure u poslednje dve decenije postaju sve kompleksnije i teže. Profil pacijenata podvrgnutih revaskularizaciji miokarda postaje sve rizičniji i procentualno se povećava broj polivaskularnih pacijenata za koje je neophodno uraditi dodatne procedure na karotidnim arterijama, bilo da su one urađene simultano, u dva ili tri akta. To su pacijenati koji imaju značajne aterosklerotske lezije na jednoj ili obe karotidne arterije zajedno sa značajnim suženjima koronarnih arterija. Algoritmi koji se nude u projektovanju operativne taktike ni danas nisu strogo definisani i vrlo često zavise od individualne procene i stava hirurga koji izvode ove procedure. Ishod operativnog lečenja ovih pacijenata često zavisi od hirurške taktike i ustanove u kojoj se oni operativno leče. Prediktori ishoda operativnog lečenja bi mogli biti važan faktor u selekcioniranju pacijenata u preporuci taktike operativnog lečenja. U tezi su analizirani klinički aspekti preoperativno i postoperativno, postoperativni mortalitet - 30 dana posle operacije i jednu godinu posle operacije. Analiziran je uticaj faktora: starost, pol, neurološka disfunkcija, infarkt miokarda do 90 dana pre operacije, nestabilna angina, diabetes mellitus, bilateralna stenoza karotidnih arterija kod 94 pacijenta koji su operisani u Klinici za kardiohirurgiju Instituta za kardiovaskularne bolesti Vojvodine u Sremskoj Kamenici u periodu 2007-2012g. Kod svih je, preoperativno, nađeno da imaju značajne promene na koronarnim i karotidnim arterijama. Pacijenti su podeljeni u dve grupe po tipu izvršene operacije. Prvu grupu su sačinjavali pacijenti koji su operisani u odvojenim operacijama karotidnih arterija i revakularizacije miokarda, a drugi su operisani simultano operacijom karotidnih arterija i revaskularizacijom miokarda. U metodologiji su korišćene metode retrospektivnog i prospektivnog istraživanja. Korišćena je elektronska baza podataka Instituta za kardiovaskularne bolesti Vojvodine, vođen je intervju sa pacijentima. Korišćeni su i pregledi doppler sonografije karotidnih arterija koji su rađeni u drugim ustanovama. Mortalitet-30 dana i jednu godinu posle operacije je bio prihvatljivo nizak, pacijenti su poboljšani u posmatranim parametrima. Neurološki morbiditet na 30 dana i jednu godinu posle je bio prihvatljivo nizak. Prediktori mortaliteta su bili pušenje 30 dana i godinu dana posle operacije u obe grupe. Prediktor morbiditeta 30 dana i jednu godinu nakon operacije bila je hiperlipoproteinemija. Ženski pol je bio nezavisni prediktor mortaliteta u grupi pacijenata operisanih u više aktova. Pacijenti operisini simultano su bili teži po simptomima ( NYHAklasi) i u većem riziku (EU2 score), ali nisu imali statistički značajno veću smrtnost u odnosu na grupu operisanu u više aktova.</p> / <p>Surgical procedures have become more complex and difficult in the past two decades due to the better prevention of atherosclerotic diseases and the introduction of invasive procedures with endoluminal approach to treating coronary and carotid artery diseases. The profile of patients undergoing myocardial revascularization is becoming riskier. There is also increase in the percentage of patients with polyvascular disease who need additional procedures on the carotid arteries, whether they are done simultaneously or in two or three acts. These are the patients who have significant atherosclerotic lesions in one or both of the carotid arteries along with the significant narrowing of the coronary arteries. Algorithms that are offered to plan operative tactics are still not strictly defined and often depend on the individual assessment of surgeons and the attitude of certain institutions that perform the procedure. The outcome of surgical treatment of these patients often depends on surgical tactics and the institution in which they are treated. Predictors of surgical treatment outcome could be an important factor for the selection of patients and the recommendation of operative treatment tactics. The thesis analyzed pre- and postoperative clinical aspect as well as 30-day and one-year postoperative mortality. The influence of the following factors was analyzed: age, sex, neurologic dysfunction, myocardial infarction occurring 90 days after surgery, unstable angina, diabetes mellitus, and bilateral carotid artery stenosis in 94 patients that underwent cardiac surgery at the Clinic of Cardiovascular Surgery of the Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases of Vojvodina in Sremska Kamenica in the period from 2007 to 2012. All patients had significant changes on the coronary and carotid arteries. The patients were divided into two groups according to the type of surgery. The first group consisted of the patients who underwent carotid artery surgery and myocardial revascularization separately. The second group of patients underwent carotid artery surgery and myocardial revascularization at the same time. Methods of retrospective and prospective research were used in the methodology. Electronic data base of the Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases of Vojvodina was also used and the patients were interviewed. Doppler of carotid arteries performed both in our institution and in other institutions was used. Mortality, 30-day and one-year post surgery, was acceptably low. The patients were improved in the observed parameters. Neurologic morbidity 30 days and one year after surgery was acceptably low. Smoking 30 days and one year after surgery was predictor of mortality in both groups. Hyperlipoproteinemia 30 days and one year after surgery was predictor of morbidity. Female sex was independent predictor of mortality for the first group of patients. The second group of patients were more complex according to the symptoms (NYHA class) and with greater risk (EU2 score), but their mortality rate was not statistically significant in relation to the first group of patients.</p>
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