The diploma thesis deals with the assessment design of two-girder crane bridge for the lifting capacity 50 tons. Span of the crane is 20 meters, wheelbase is 3.15 meters and lifting height is 7 meters. This diploma thesis deals with the numerical solution box beam and using the finite element method is solved buckling. The diploma thesis has been elaborated using the relevant technical literature and standards that contain procedures and recommendations for calculation and designing of bridge cranes.

This thesis examines the topic of determining spatial relations between crane tracks and the processing of measured data. Before the measurements were made, the precision of the measuring equipment being used was determined in order to increase the accuracy of the results in ascertaining spatial relations. The cyclic error, additive constant, and difference between the reflecting target and prism were all determined in measuring distances. In the context of this thesis we observed the spatial parameters of crane tracks in the hall of Mostarna, which is a part of the business KRALOVOPOLSKA a.s..

The diploma thesis deals with the assessment design of two-girder crane bridge for the lifting capacity 50 tons. Span of the crane is 20 meters, wheelbase is 3.15 meters and lifting height is 7 meters. This diploma thesis deals with the numerical solution box beam and using the finite element method is solved buckling. The diploma thesis has been elaborated using the relevant technical literature and standards that contain procedures and recommendations for calculation and designing of bridge cranes.

[pt] A dramaturgia de Tennessee Williams (1911-1983) é reconhecida por seu acentuado lirismo que se revela pela abundante presença de símbolos e de imagens poéticas. Este trabalho tem como objetivo demonstrar que esse recurso é utilizado por Williams para potencializar a experiência cênica. Esta dissertação é dividida em dois ensaios principais que tratam da memória e do desejo a partir do close reading, respectivamente, das peças O Zoológico de Vidro e Um Bonde Chamado Desejo. Por fim, este estudo visa demonstrar que a presença da obra do poeta Hart Crane na dramaturgia de Williams vai além das epígrafes e citações, alcançando o aspecto visionário da experiência poética e possibilitando uma nova abordagem da dramaturgia de Tennessee Williams. / [en] Tennessee Williams: the dramatic power of the poetic imagery. Tennessee Williams plays are generally recognized by their expressive lyricism, which is revealed by its large presence of symbols and imageries. This study aims to demonstrate how this resource is used by Williams to increase stage experience. This dissertation is divided into two essays that deal with memory and desire through the close reading, respectively, of the plays The Glass Menagerie and A Streetcar Named Desire. Finally, this work is going to demonstrate that the presence of Hart Crane s poetry in Williams plays goes beyond epigraphs and citations, achieving the visionary aspect of poetic experience and enabling a new approach of Williams dramaturgy.

The dissertation thesis deals with the time assessment of designed lifting mechanisms in monolithic constructions in Civil Engineering. The main reason for choosing this subject matter is a current trend in construction that in terms of administrative and housing construction tends to build monolithic buildings. Lifting mechanisms are crucial in such buildings nowadays. The efficiency of lifting mechanisms is often neglected in the preparatory phase of construction time schedules, which leads to inefficient capacity utilization of the machine. Nevertheless, this is directly related to meeting the agreed deadlines, which in turn leads to complications that often result in a considerable financial loss for the contractor. In order to solve this subject matter it was necessary to perform monitoring on an appropriate sample of constructions. In the case of this work it was a total of six buildings, four of which were further analysed. Furthermore, individual partial construction processes requiring tower crane operation were analysed. A time assessment methodology including a proposal of possible prioritization of selected activities has been developed. Based on the knowledge gained from the monitoring of the buildings as well as from the analysis of individual items, a simulation model was developed. This model mathematically and graphically evaluates the ability of the designed tower crane to serve a given number of partial construction processes within a specified evaluation section in which the smallest evaluated section equals to one work shift. The benefit of this work is to enable efficient deployment of the tower crane in the preparatory phase of construction. Another benefit is also a prompt operative assessment of the load of the tower crane by a works foreman within a given shift. This should lead to a more efficient deployment of tower cranes during construction and as a consequence it should result in keeping the agreed terms. This is closely associated

The topic of this diploma thesis is the frame of the foundry crane with load capacity 360 t. The frame is analysed by strength inspection and fatigue strength inspection according to norm ČSN EN 13001. The analysis are made by using finite element method on shell model. The diploma thesis was made in cooperation with Královopolská a.s. company.

Thesis (MSpor)--University of Stellenbosch, 2007. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The prevalence of lower back disorders and the high costs involved are an ongoing problem in industrialised countries. Research indicates an estimated 70-80% of all individuals will experience lower back pain (LBP) during the course of their lives (Manek & MacGregor, 2005; Kent & Keating, 2005; Dunn & Croft, 2004; Takeyachi et al., 2003; Carter & Birrel, 2000:6; Nourbakhsh & Arab, 2003; Bernard, 1997:374). It is widely accepted that occupational demands and physical work contribute greatly towards onset, recovery and recurrence of symptoms (Carter & Birrel, 2000:6). Rubber Tyred Gantry (RTG) crane drivers are particularly at risk, as their working posture forces them into various prolonged non-neutral trunk positions (Fehrsen-Du Toit, 2005:24; Rohlmannt et al., 2001; Nachemson, 1963) and extreme trunk flexion (Seider et al., 2003; Hoogendoorn et al., 2000). Intrinsic factors such as trunk strength (O'Sullivan et al., 2005; Bayramoglu et al., 2001) and trunk stability (Hitt & Lie, 2006; MacDonald et al., 2006; Barker et al., 2006; Hodges et al., 2005; Hodges, 2003; Hodges & Richardson, 1996) as well as anthropometric variables (Franklin et al., 2000:64), can play different roles in incidences of lumbar pain or injury. A job such as RTG crane driving is dependant on a certain amount of strength or physical fitness. A deficit in on or more of these areas can lead to compensation, overload and eventually symptoms and injury. Research has yet to identify factors that predispose certain drivers to injury, and factors determining a quick, safe recovery and return to work. The purpose of this study was to investigate possible morphological variables as risk factors for RTG crane drivers, for Hutchison Whampoa, at the Port of Felixstowe, UK. The study design was based on a cross sectional, analytical epidemiological study. A sample of 43 RTG drivers completed testing. They were divided into a group of drivers who had never had lower back pain or symptoms (n=22), and a group of drivers who had had a previous history of lower back pain (n=21). All subjects were asymptomatic at the time of testing. Although not significant (p > 0.05), the results of the study showed that average performance deficit (the power needed to maintain or repetitively produce a force) tended to be higher in those subjects without a previous history of pain. The flexion/extension ratio also tended to be better for this group. The subjects without a past history of lower back pain were, surprisingly, found to be older than the other group. This explains the higher body weight, waist-to-hip-circumference, body mass index, and fat percentage for this group, as these measurements all tend to increase with age. It also explains the lower peak torque to body weight values for that group, as peak torque would decrease with increased body weight. This is the first study to look at morphological variables and isokinetic testing of RTG crane drivers, and the relationship between these variables and lower back pain. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die hoë koste verbonde aan, asook die hoeveelheid voortdurende lae-rug beserings in industriële lande, is ‘n aaneenlopende probleem. Navorsing toon dat 70-80% van alle individue laer-rugpyn sal ervaar deur die loop van hul lewens (Manek & MacGregor, 2005; Kent & Keating, 2005; Dunn & Croft, 2004; Takeyachi et al., 2003; Carter & Birrel, 2000:6; Nourbakhsh & Arab, 2003; Bernard, 1997:374). Dit is aanvaar dat werksvereistes en fisiese werk grootliks bydra tot die oorsaak, herstel en herhaling van simptome (Carter & Birrel, 2000:6). RTG hyskraan bestuurders is veral individue wat ‘n groter risiko toon ten opsigte van laer-rug beserings weens werkspostuur wat hul noodsaak om verskeie langdurige nie-neutrale mid-rug posisies (Fehrsen-Du Toit, 2005:24; Rohlmannt et al., 2001; Nachemson, 1963), asook ekstreme mid-rug fleksie handhaaf (Seider et al., 2003; Hoogendoorn et al., 2000). Sekere individuele intrinsieke faktore soos mid-rug krag (O'Sullivan et al., 2005; Bayramoglu et al., 2001) mid-rug stabiliteit (Hitt & Lie, 2006; MacDonald et al., 2006; Barker et al., 2006; Hodges et al., 2005; Hodges, 2003; Hodges & Richardson, 1996), en antrpometriese veranderlikes (Franklin et al., 2000:64), kan ‘n aansienlike verhoging in moontlike laer-rug pyn of –beserings meebring. ‘n Werk soos RTG hyskraan bestuur is afhanklik van sekere hoeveelheid krag of fisiese fiksheid. ‘n Tekortkoming in enige van hierdie areas kan lei tot oorkompensering, oorbelading en uiteindelike simptome van besering. Vrae wat navorsing nog moet antwoord is onder andere die faktore wat aanleiding gee tot beserings asook wat vinnige en veilige terugkeer na werk vir bestuurders bepaal. Die doel van die studie was om moontlike morfologiese veranderlikes en risiko faktore te bestudeer vir RTG hyskraan bestuurders, vir Hutcinson Whampoa, te Felixstowe hawe, VK. Die rol wat hierdie faktore speel in die oorsaak en ontwikkeling van rugpyn word ook ondersoek. ‘n Protokol van toetse is gekies om moontlike morfologiese risiko faktore uit te lig en daardeur bestuurders wat meer geneig is om laer-rugpyn te ontwikkel te identifiseer. ‘n Totaal van 43 RTG bestuurders het die toets voltooi. Hierdie bestuurders is verdeel in ‘n groep wat nog nooit laer-rugpyn of simptome getoon het nie (n=22) en ‘n groep bestuuders wat wel vorige geskiedenis van laer-rugpyn het (n=21). Alle deelnemers was asimptomaties met die aanvang van die toetsing. Alhoewel resultate van die toets nie noemenswaardig was nie (p>0.05), het dit wel getoon dat algemene prestasie tekortkoming (spierkrag benodig om kraguitset te handhaaf of om herhaaldelik uit te voer) geneig was om hoër te wees in individue sonder ‘n vorige geskiedenis van rug besering. Die fleksie/ekstensie verhouding het ook beter vertoon in hierdie groep. Individue sonder vorige geskiedenis van laer-rugpyn is interessant genoeg, ouer as die met geskiedenis van laer-rug beserings. Dit verduidelik die hoër liggaamsgewig, middelheup- verhouding en liggaamsmassa indeks en vet persentasie van hierdie groep weens die feit dat al reedsgenoemde geneig is om met ouderdom toe te neem. Dit kan ook piekkraguitset tot liggaamsmassa waardes van hierdie groep verduidelik omdat piekkraguitset sal verminder met toename in liggaamsmassa. Hierdie is die eerste studie wat die uitkyk bied op morfologiese veranderlikes tesame met isokinetiese toetsing van RTG hyskraan bestuurders en die verhouding tussen hierdie veranderlikes en laer-rugpyn.

A substantial portion of the remaining coastal pine savanna in the southeastern U.S. is burned periodically to maintain habitat for the endangered Mississippi Sandhill Crane (Grus canadensis pulla). However, the effects of this burning on other species of birds are unknown. Therefore, a one-summer study was conducted to determine the short-term response of non-target bird species to changes in vegetation structure due to winter prescribed burning of coastal pine savanna. Eight 25-ha study plots were censused using the spot-mapping technique from May - July 1995 at the Mississippi Sandhill Crane National Wildlife Refuge. More species were observed on old burn sites (burned 1.5 - 3.5 yr prior to the study) than new burn sites (burned the previous winter). Gross vegetation features did not differ between treatments. A total of 17 breeding species were recorded during the study. Although there were no significant differences within individual species' densities, seven species were observed only on old burn sites. Winter prescribed burning affected the presence of only shrub-characteristic species. / Department of Biology

Denna kandidatuppsats är en studie av miljöprestandan hos   en lastbilskran satt i relation till användning av en mobilkran.   Miljöprestandan hos lastbilskranen studeras och jämförs med mobilkranens   givet ett visst nyttjandescenario. Miljöprestandan mäts i miljöparametrarna:   klimatpåverkan, energiförbrukning, energieffektivitet samt partikelutsläpp.   Realistiska och mätbara nyttjandescenarier har utarbetats utifrån studiebesök   och intervjuer med Vemservice, Jämtlands Mobilkranar och Curt Sillström   Åkeri. Kandidatuppsatsen är skriven som en del i den miljöstudie som ingår i   utvecklingsprojektet Forskning och utveckling av lastbilars   centralram för minskad miljöpåverkan vid tung transport. Projektet   drivs av Vemservice (Vemdalsservice AB) och syftar till att utveckla   centralramen på en lastbilskran genom att öka dess lyftkapacitet. Projektets   mål är att ersätta mobilkranar med lastbilskranar i en högre utsträckning än   vad som görs idag. I projektet deltar även teknikkonsultföretaget DRIV   Innovation, materialoptimeringstjänsten SSAB Shape samt Mittuniversitetet. En lastbilskran är en lastbil med en kran påmonterad på   flaket, med plats på flaket för att transportera gods. Lyftförmågan hos en   lastbilskran beror både av kranens styrka och själva lastbilens vrid- och böjhållfasthet.   I denna studie har en lastbilskran från Curt Sillströms Åkeri studerats.   Lastbilskranens främsta användningsområden är vid nybyggnationer av   bostäder, flytt av containrar och bodar på arbetsplatser samt vid flytt av   tunga föremål in och ut ur byggnader. Mobilkran kallas det   arbetsfordon som har en lyftkran med svängarm monterad på fordonet, den används inte för transport av gods.   Mobilkranen i denna studie tillhör Jämtlands Mobilkranar och används främst i   lyftarbeten såsom byggande av bostäder och arbeten vid vattenkraftverk. Resultatet   av den studerade miljöprestandan baseras på tre specifika nyttjandescenarior.   Nyttjandescenarierna innefattade att transportera och lyfta en given mängd   gods en given sträcka och tid. Lastbilskranen har högre miljöprestanda än   mobilkranen vid jämförelse i de tre scenarierna, dvs. lägre utsläpp och   mindre energiförbrukning. Den minsta skillnaden i miljöprestanda uppstår när   enbart lyftarbete utförs, då lastbilskranens fulla funktion inte nyttjas då   den ej transporterar något gods. Det troligtvis mest typiska   nyttjandescenariot är att gods både ska transporteras och lyftas. I detta   fall har lastbilskranen flera fördelar tack vare att dess fulla funktion   utnyttjas. / This bachelor thesis is a study of the environmental performance of a loader crane in relationship to the usage of a mobile crane. The environmental performance of the loader crane is studied and compared to the mobile cranes performance given a set of specific user scenarios. The environmental performance is measured using the following environmental parameters:climate impact, energy consumption, energy efficiency and particle emissions. Realistic and measurable user scenarios were prepared using information from visits and interviews with Vemservice, Jämtlands Mobilkranar and Curt Sillström Åkeri. The thesis is written as a part of the environmental study that is included in the developmental project “Forskning och utveckling av lastbilars centralram för minskad miljöpåverkan vid tung transport”. The project is managed by Vemservice (Vemdalsservice AB) and the purpose of the project is to develop the frame on a loader crane by increasing the capacity for lifting. The goal of the project is to replace mobile cranes with loader cranes to a higher degree than what is currently the case. The projects participants are also made up by the technology consulting DRIV Innovation, SSAB Shape and also Mid Sweden University. A loader crane is a truck with a crane mounted on its flatbed and also room on the flatbed for the transport of goods. The lifting capabilities of a loader crane is dependent on the strength of the crane and the rigidity of the frame of the truck itself. In this thesis, a loader crane from Curt Sillström Åkeri AB is studied. The main usage of the loader crane in this study is in construction, the moving of work site sheds and in the moving of heavy objects in and out of houses. A mobile crane is a work vehicle with a crane and swing arm mounted on the back of the vehicle. The mobile crane in this study belongs to Jämtlands Mobilkranar and is primary used for heavy lifting in construction and work at a hydro power plant. As opposed to the loader crane, the mobile crane is not used for the transport of goods. The resulting environmental performance was based on three specific user scenarios. The user scenarios consisted of lifting and transporting a given amount of goods for a specified distance and time. When a comparison is made between the loader crane and mobile crane for total emissions and energy consumption in each user scenario, the loader crane has a larger environmental performance. The smallest difference in environmental performance arises when lifting is the only work being done, due to the fact that the full capacity of the loader crane is not utilized since it is not used to transport goods. Likely the most typical user scenario consists of goods being both transported and lifted. In this case the loader crane has a number of advantages because its full capacity is being utilized. / <p>2018-02-01</p>

Kranlaster som verkar på kranbanor varierar med tiden och kan inte behandlas som statiska laster, detta gör att en statisk beräkning inte är tillräckligt säker, därför bör kranbalkar utformas på så sett att den klarar av statiska såväl som dynamiska kranlaster. Arbetet valdes efter förstudier som gjordes på internet för att få grundläggande kunskap om ämnet. Informationen söktes på svenska, engelska och tyska för att kunna hitta relevanta och pålitliga källor som behandlar traverskranbanor enligt eurokod. Tack vare råd från Björn Åsted från Stålbyggnadsinstitutet (SBI), kunde en bok på tyska hittas. För att kunna jämföra resultaten används ett svenskt program CraneGirder EC3 under arbetet. Rapporten innehåller en beräkningsmodell för en valsad profil balk, beräkningar baserades på eurokod ekvationer och föreskrifter vilket var som dimensionerings underlag för arbetet. I denna rapport hänvisas hur en kranbana skall dimensioneras med hög utnyttjandegrad, ett antal kontroller gjordes för att säkerställa att balken och dess detaljer, såsom räl och svets är säkert utformade mot utmattning och deformation. Dimensioneringen utgick ifrån lastberäkningar för traverskranen. Handberäkningar visade hur olika kranlaster kan kombineras i lastgrupper för att åstadkomma högsta inverkan på balken, handberäknings resultat visade att HEB 280 och dimensioneringen dominerades enbart av lastgrupp 1 och 5. Med hjälp av beräkningsprogram stämde resultaten i hög grad överens med programmet men med några avvikelser. För den avgränsningen som antogs i arbetet verkade utmattningen inte ha en dominerande inverkan. / Crane Loads acts on runways which varies with time and cannot be treated as static loads, this allows that the static estimation is not secure enough, therefore the crane runways should be designed in such terms that it can handle static as well as dynamic crane loads. The work was chosen after feasibility studies which were made on the internet to get basic knowledge on the subject. The information was sought in Swedish, English and German in order to find relevant and reliable sources which deal with overhead crane runway according to Eurocode. Thanks to advice from Björn Åsted from the Steel Construction Institute (SBI), a book in German was found. In order to compare the results, a Swedish software CraneGirder EC3 was used during the project. The report contains a calculation method for a rolled section girder, calculations were based on Eurocode equations and regulations which were the design basis for the project. The report refer to how a crane runway must be designed with a high utilization level, a number of controls were made to ensure that the beam and its details, such as rail and welding are surely designed to fatigue and deformation. The design was based on load calculations for the overhead crane. Traditional calculations showed how different crane loads can be combined in load groups to achieve the highest impact on the beam, calculations showed that HEB 280 and dimensioning dominated only by load group 1 and 5. With the help of calculation software the results were largely consistent with the program but with some differences. For the delimitation that was assumed in the project the fatigue seemed to have an effect especially on some small details like weld.