<p>Purpose - The goal of this study is to identify the current distinct market segments within the US agricultural credit lending market, predict segment membership based on readily available characteristics, and better understand farmer financing preferences. </p> <p><br></p> <p>Design/methodology/approach - A two stage clustering analysis was used to identify five distinct market segments. A multinomial logit regression was used to predict segment membership based on demographic and psychographic characteristics. </p> <p><br></p> <p>Findings - The segmentation analysis produced five distinct market segments. The identified segments are service, convenience, balance, price, and performance. </p> <p><br></p> <p>Practical implications - This information can aid credit lenders in segmenting the market and tailoring their sales approach to the different farmer segments. </p> <p><br></p> <p>Originality/value - This paper contributes to the literature in several ways. First, previous studies of farmer selection of lending institutions rely on supply side data (Brewer et al., 2019; Dodson & Koenig, 2004; Ifft and Fiechter, 2020). While these studies are useful in knowing how farmers may be segmented according to their choice set of particular lending institutions, what we cannot examine is why the farmer is choosing that choice set. Our study incorporates psychographic and buying preferences. Prior work has highlighted the trend away from demographics and socioeconomic characteristics towards psychographic characteristics as categories for customer segmentation (Sherrick et al., 1994). Secondly, as described above, much has changed in the agricultural lending markets concerning the lending institutions available to farmers and the technology that changes how farmers and lending institutions interact. Thus, this study updates the literature as farmers preferences may have changed due to the new market structure </p>

近年來由於國民所得的提升、外匯增加，消費貸款相關法令鬆綁及政府政策刺激消費下，臺灣信用卡市場在外商銀行、新銀行的強力業務主導下，從1991年到2005年歷經了蓬勃發展、同業之間的激烈競爭、現金卡的發行加入競爭行列、整合型小額信用貸款的竄出，讓金融業以市場行銷為業務主導下，逐漸放鬆銀行的授信政策。在市場競爭及飽和下，消費者過度地消費和整體經濟持續低迷，終於引爆了嚴重的信用卡、現金卡逾期無法繳款的雙卡卡債問題。本研究欲從信用卡的成長、輔助現金卡的加入競爭行列，由各代表性的銀行發展中，探討出發生嚴重逾期放款的原因，再使用各銀行提供給金融監督管理委員會的重大資訊逐一分析，作為佐證之依據。 研究結果如下: 1. 銀行業為了業務成長，並未正確及適時地看待相關風險的控管，不斷的簡化辦卡程序、提高信用額度、增加信貸總額，以期增加信貸客戶數及客戶忠誠度。 2. 銀行業在擴張業務的同時沒有充分考慮到客戶的真實收入與負債比例，進而在發生嚴重的信貸危機時，違約比率不斷增加，銀行業亦承受了相當大打銷呆帳的金額。 3. 政府主導的統一債務協商機制，各銀行已逐漸從混亂中，走上標準作業，協商成功比率陸續提升中。未來卡片市場可否走向更健全：金融業、全民、主管機關都應更謹慎地處理消費者信用貸款的問題。 / Credit card market, driven by foreign banks and local new banks, had been boosting from 1991 to 2005 derived from GDP growth, hike of foreign exchange reserves, laws ease up, and government policies creating friendlier environment to boost consumer spending. In the same time, banks’ credit policies were loosened due to fierce competition among credit card issuers, issuances of cash card and integrated unsecured loan led by sales and marketing. Given the situation of over-banking and competition in credit card market, consumers overspent under the consistent economy recession triggered credit crunch for credit card and cash card, so called “Credit card and cash card lending crash”. This research intends to search for the root of this credit crunch by investigating the history of the growth of credit card business and issuance of cash card of major players in the market. Furthermore, this research also evidences the concluded root reasons by analyzing the important information reported to FSC by all the banks. The conclusions of the investigation are as follows: 1. Banking industry overemphasized on business growth so the related risks were not properly and timely controlled by simplifying application procedures and increasing credit lines hoping to enhance number of customers and strengthen customers’ loyalty. 2. Banking industry ignored the percentage of customers’ real income and liability while expanding their business rapidly. It further deepened the delinquency ratio and card issuers wrote off enormous amount of bad debts when credit crunch happened. 3. Debt Negotiation Plan (DNP) led by government enabled banks to set up “Standard Operation Procedures” (SOP) which helped banks to resume their card business back to normal. The success ratio of DNP is increasing gradually. The future of credit card market all depends on how banking industry, consumers, and government deal with the issues on consumer unsecured loans.

Магистерская диссертация посвящена вопросам развития рынка ипотечного кредитования. Целью исследования является разработка и оценка эффективности ипотечного продукта для банка, позволяющего снизить процентные риски, не создавая дополнительных кредитных рисков. Также в работе исследуются факторы спроса и предложения на рынке жилой недвижимости; ключевые драйверы развития банковского кредитования в сегменте ипотеки. В качестве научной новизны предложен методический инструментарий для анализа ипотечной деятельности банков и проведена оценка экономической целесообразности внедрения плавающей ставки по ипотечным кредитам. / The master's thesis is devoted to the development of the mortgage lending market. The purpose of the study is to develop and evaluate the effectiveness of a mortgage product for a bank that allows reducing interest rate risks without creating additional credit risks. The paper also examines the factors of supply and demand in the residential real estate market; the key drivers of the development of bank lending in the mortgage segment. As a scientific novelty, the methodological instruments for analyzing the mortgage activity of banks are proposed and the economic feasibility of introducing a floating rate on mortgage loans is evaluated.