No description available.

Kabazi II est un site de plein air, situé sur la deuxième rangée des Monts de Crimée. Après sa découverte en 1986, les investigations archéologiques effectuées entre 1987 et le milieu des années 90 ont établi que Kabazi II avait auparavant servi de lieu de chasse et d’abattage pour les groupes néanderthaliens de la région. Les études archéozoologiques antérieures (Patou-Mathis 2003, 1999, 2005, 2006a, 2006b) ont déterminé que les stratégies de subsistance des Néanderthaliens du Kabazi II étaient très spécialisées et principalement axées sur la chasse des petits groupes de Equus hydruntinus mais aussi, à l’occasion, sur la chasse d’autres espèces. Ces comportements ont persisté malgré les changements climatiques et technologiques à travers l’histoire d’occupation du site. Cette étude présente l’analyse des assemblages fauniques encore inédits des niveaux II/1,II/2-1, II/2, II/3, II/4, II/5, II/7, II/8, II/9, II/13, II/13A de Kabazi II. Nos résultats sont en accord avec ceux obtenus parles d’études antérieures ; cependant, des différences par rapport à la fonction du site ont été constatées et un lien possible avec Kabazi V, un abri sur roche tout près de Kabazi II, a été établi. On croit que la persistance des activités de subsistance des Néanderthaliens de Kabazi II pendant presque 100 000 ans de présence est due à la polyvalence des ânes asiatiques tels que Equus hydruntinus, au contexte géographique et géologique de la région ainsi qu’aux caractéristiques du site elles-mêmes. / Kabazi II is an open-air site situated within the second chain of the Crimean Mountains. Discovered in 1986, and intensively excavated from 1987 to the mid 1990’s, Kabazi II served as a kill and butchery site for Neanderthal groups in the area. Previous faunal analyses at Kabazi II (Patou-Mathis 2003, 1999, 2005, 2006a,2006b) indicate that the subsistence strategies of the Neanderthals at Kabazi II were highly specialized and were primarily focused on hunting small groups of Equus hydruntinus as well as occasional encounter-based hunting of other mammal species. This practice had apparently remained unchanged in spite of changes in lithic industry, climate, and local vegetation cover. This study presents the analysis of previously unexamined faunal assemblages from Levels II/1, II/2-1, II/2, II/3, II/4, II/5, II/7, II/8, II/9, II/13, II/13A. The results obtained here concur with those of the previous analyses however differences in the use of Kabazi II have been observed and a possible link with the nearby rock-shelter, Kabazi V has been determined. It is believed that the persistence of the hunting practices of the Neanderthals at Kabazi II throughout its nearly 100 000 year sequence of occupations is due to the versatility of wild asses such as Equus hydruntinus, the geography and geology of the study area, in addition to characteristics of Kabazi II itself.

This work provides an account of the Crimean residency of Nicholas II's mother, Dowager Empress Maria Fedorovna, Grand Duke Nicholas Nikolaevich, former Commander--in-Chief of the Russian Armies, and other members of the Romanov dynasty, from the abdication of the tsar (March 1917) until their departure aboard the H.M.S. Marlborough (April 1919). The first two chapters provide a background of conditions within the Imperial Family during the reign of Nicholas II. The remainder of the work traces their lives from arrival in the Crimea until the Dowager Empress accedes to the request of her sister, Dowager Queen Alexandra, to emigrate to England. The study concludes that the Romanovs played no active role in the Russian Civil War, although they were considered dangerous counterrevolutionaries by the Bolsheviks.

Kabazi II est un site de plein air, situé sur la deuxième rangée des Monts de Crimée. Après sa découverte en 1986, les investigations archéologiques effectuées entre 1987 et le milieu des années 90 ont établi que Kabazi II avait auparavant servi de lieu de chasse et d’abattage pour les groupes néanderthaliens de la région. Les études archéozoologiques antérieures (Patou-Mathis 2003, 1999, 2005, 2006a, 2006b) ont déterminé que les stratégies de subsistance des Néanderthaliens du Kabazi II étaient très spécialisées et principalement axées sur la chasse des petits groupes de Equus hydruntinus mais aussi, à l’occasion, sur la chasse d’autres espèces. Ces comportements ont persisté malgré les changements climatiques et technologiques à travers l’histoire d’occupation du site. Cette étude présente l’analyse des assemblages fauniques encore inédits des niveaux II/1,II/2-1, II/2, II/3, II/4, II/5, II/7, II/8, II/9, II/13, II/13A de Kabazi II. Nos résultats sont en accord avec ceux obtenus parles d’études antérieures ; cependant, des différences par rapport à la fonction du site ont été constatées et un lien possible avec Kabazi V, un abri sur roche tout près de Kabazi II, a été établi. On croit que la persistance des activités de subsistance des Néanderthaliens de Kabazi II pendant presque 100 000 ans de présence est due à la polyvalence des ânes asiatiques tels que Equus hydruntinus, au contexte géographique et géologique de la région ainsi qu’aux caractéristiques du site elles-mêmes. / Kabazi II is an open-air site situated within the second chain of the Crimean Mountains. Discovered in 1986, and intensively excavated from 1987 to the mid 1990’s, Kabazi II served as a kill and butchery site for Neanderthal groups in the area. Previous faunal analyses at Kabazi II (Patou-Mathis 2003, 1999, 2005, 2006a,2006b) indicate that the subsistence strategies of the Neanderthals at Kabazi II were highly specialized and were primarily focused on hunting small groups of Equus hydruntinus as well as occasional encounter-based hunting of other mammal species. This practice had apparently remained unchanged in spite of changes in lithic industry, climate, and local vegetation cover. This study presents the analysis of previously unexamined faunal assemblages from Levels II/1, II/2-1, II/2, II/3, II/4, II/5, II/7, II/8, II/9, II/13, II/13A. The results obtained here concur with those of the previous analyses however differences in the use of Kabazi II have been observed and a possible link with the nearby rock-shelter, Kabazi V has been determined. It is believed that the persistence of the hunting practices of the Neanderthals at Kabazi II throughout its nearly 100 000 year sequence of occupations is due to the versatility of wild asses such as Equus hydruntinus, the geography and geology of the study area, in addition to characteristics of Kabazi II itself.

No description available.

The main topic of the thesis is the city of Cherson, which has been under excavation mainly by Russian or Ukrainian researchers for more than 180 years. Due to a difficult political situation, the area was not accessible to other scholars till 1993. Therefore, most of the books or articles were published in Russian and have not been widely spread among western researchers. The first two chapters of the dissertation deal with the sources and the history of research. The main body of the dissertation is divided into three parts: (chapter 3) From the end of the Roman times till the early Middle Ages (5th - mid-7th centuries), (chapter 4) The Dark Ages (mid-7th - mid-9th centuries), (chapter 5) The new era of prosperity (mid-9th - end of the 10th century). The third chapter is devoted to the time when the era of Antiquity was slowly coming to its end and the development proceeded to the Middle Ages, in this case to the early Byzantine period. The fish industry and fish processing will be discussed because these activities which had begun here in the Roman times continued in the Byzantine period, too. Afterwards, the beginnings and spread of Christianity are debated. Furthermore, the beginnings of Christianity in Cherson are described, likewise the building activities, which resulted in transformation...

Submitted by Denis Matoszko Fortes null (denismatoszko@gmail.com) on 2017-09-28T15:22:10Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação - Denis Matoszko Fortes.pdf: 2311899 bytes, checksum: cea3e0592ac54039f67d975501809e2c (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Monique Sasaki (sayumi_sasaki@hotmail.com) on 2017-09-29T17:02:11Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 fortes_dm_me_mar.pdf: 2311899 bytes, checksum: cea3e0592ac54039f67d975501809e2c (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-09-29T17:02:11Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 fortes_dm_me_mar.pdf: 2311899 bytes, checksum: cea3e0592ac54039f67d975501809e2c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-08-29 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / O presente trabalho propõe-se a investigar o papel exercido pela Federação Russa na crise ucraniana que teve início em novembro de 2013 e culminou no surgimento de movimentos separatistas; na ofensiva militar do governo ucraniano e de milícias ultranacionalistas contra as regiões do leste do país que passaram a exigir maior autonomia em relação à Kiev; e na independência da península da Crimeia, a qual foi posteriormente anexada pela Rússia. A fim de investigar a postura adotada pelo governo russo, observa-se a necessidade do estudo de questões que envolvem não somente Ucrânia e Rússia, mas também a relação deste país com as potências ocidentais no pós Guerra Fria. Neste sentido, buscou-se compreender como os problemas decorrentes do fim da URSS e a contínua expansão da Organização do Tratado do Atlântico Norte (OTAN) influenciaram as decisões da política externa russa no período. Ao longo da pesquisa procurou-se indicar elementos analíticos que possam contribuir para o estudo do tema e ultrapassem análises meramente conjunturais, a partir da constatação de que questões centrais que transbordaram a partir de 2013 – notadamente as divisões políticas e étnico-linguísticas no interior do Estado ucraniano, bem como a disputa pela tutela da Crimeia – já estavam presentes anteriormente, requerendo uma investigação atenta às variáveis geopolíticas e sócio-históricas. / This study seeks to investigate the role performed by the Russian Federation in the Ukrainian crisis that began in November 2013. This event resulted in the emergence of separatist movements and a military offensive led by the Ukrainian government and ultranationalist militias against the regions in the east of the country which demanded greater autonomy from Kiev, as well as the independence of the Crimean peninsula, latter annexed by Russia. In order to investigate the position adopted by the Russian government it is necessary to go beyond the issues regarding this country and Ukraine alone and also study the relationship between Russia and the Western powers in the post-Cold War period. In this sense, this work sought to investigate how the problems arising from the dissolution of the USSR and the continuous expansion of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) influenced the Russian foreign policy in the period. Throughout the research, we tried to point out analytical elements that go beyond merely conjunctural analysis, based on the finding that crucial questions which had arisen in the 2013 crisis – notably the political and ethnic-linguistic divisions within the Ukrainian State, as well as the dispute over the tutelage of Crimea – were previously present, requiring an attentive investigation into the geopolitical and socio-historical variables.

In 2014 Russia took control over Crimea, and significant numbers of Ukrainian investors pursued investment claims against Russia regarding investments in Crimea made prior to the annexation.Thus, a fundamental concern is the applicability of the Ukraine-Russia BIT to such investments.The BIT empowers Ukrainian investors to initiate arbitration for compensation if Russia expropriates any Ukrainian investments on its territory. In order for the investors’ capital in Crimea to qualify as “investments” under the BIT, the tribunals had to determine whether Crimea constituted a part of the Russian “territory”. Even though Crimea was de facto controlled byRussia, de jure the Russian sovereignty over it had been questioned. As of time of the Thesis at least 10 cases were initiated and in seven of which decisions on responsibility and compensation were made. Investors are now enforcing the decisions in different jurisdictions facing jurisdictional challenges from Russia`s side. In 2019, Russia changed the strategy deciding to actively participate in the cases, which may play a decisive role on further developments of the disputes. The paper will examine whether investment tribunals in the Crimean cases have authority to hear them and the award to stand during set-aside/enforcement proceedings from the perspective of different enforcing jurisdictions, as well various litigation tactics and strategies presented by Russia.

How a Realist-Constructivist Theory Can Contribute to Understanding the 2014 Ukraine Crisis Abstract Realism has been the predominant paradigm for analysing Russian foreign policy in recent times, however, it can sometimes appear lacking in convincing power. Constructivism offers some explanation for the motivation behind policy, however, again appears lacking in convincing power alone. Realist-constructivsm has been suggested to bridge the gap, as it were, between traditional notions of power, and cultural influences. The main argument for realist-constructivism is that some of the basic principles of realism must have a constructivist base, for example, in order to define the 'us' and 'them' in international politics and to determine with whom one is competing for power and influence, there first must be an understanding of how one defines the 'us'. This analysis examines the realistconstructivist theory as put forward by Barkin (2004; 2010), analyses its advantages and disadvantages, and seeks to view the Ukraine crisis of 2014 through a realist-constructivist lens, hoping to contribute something to the still young and developing discussion around a realist- constructivist theory. Keywords Realist-constructivist theory; NATO; national identity; Ukraine; Crimea; the EU; 2014; annexation

World society has been an eyewitness to a couple of actions during the 21st century that has disturbed the peaceful coexistence of neighbouring countries. As a consequence of this disturbance some parts of one of the countries was expropriated. These cases were events that took place in Georgia 2008 and Ukraine 2014. It is also obvious that it was the same country that contributed to these dramatic developments of the situation in the regions. Based on these facts, one of these two cases were chosen in order to analyse the development of the events before the occurrences took place. This study will primarily be focused on finding reasons for differences in the views of Russia and the UN on the occurrences that took place in Ukraine 2014. This regards the fact that Crimea peninsula being a part of Ukraine during the second half of 20th century and the beginning of the 21th century once again has become a part of Russia as an assignee of former Soviet Union. This event has a historical explanation because it was during the Soviet time that Crimea peninsula became a part of Ukraine. To find an explanation for the difference in views the current study will use a qualitative study of different academic articles, treaties and resolutions. / Världssamhälle har under 2000-talet vittnat vissa händelseutvecklingar som har kränkt en fredlig samexistens av grannländerna och som konsekvens av denna drabbning ett av länderna har förlorat en del av sitt territorium. Dessa fall har ägt rum i Georgien 2008 och Ukraina 2014. Det är dessutom självklart att ett och samma land har bidragit till sådana dramatiska händelseutvecklingar i regionerna. Undersökningen kommer att utgå från dessa uppgifter och analysera ett av dessa två fall för att följa utvecklingen av händelserna strax innan kravallerna bröt ut i regionen. Denna studie kommer framför allt fokuseras på att hitta anledningar till skillnaderna i Rysslands och General Församlingens medlemsmajoritet syn på de händelserna som har ägt rum i Ukraina 2014.  Med detta menas naturligtvis att Krimhalvön efter att vara en del av Ukraina under den andra hälften av 1900-talet och början av 2000-talet återigen blivit en del av Ryssland som är en arvtagare till före detta Sovjetunionen. Faktum att Krimhalvön återigen har blivit en del av Ryssland har en historisk förklaring eftersom Krimhalvön har blivit en del av Ukraina under Sovjetunionens tid. Undersökningen kommer att använda en kvalitativ textanalys för att analysera olika akademiska artiklar, avtal samt resolutioner och hitta förklaringen till skillnaden i synen på att Krim återigen har blivit en del av Ryssland.