Darbe nagrinėjama nusikaltimų informatikai samprata, jos esminiai požymiai, analizuojamos vyraujančios nusikaltimų informatikai sampratos teisinėje literatūroje. Taip pat nagrinėjami nusikaltimai, numatyti Lietuvos Respublikos baudžiamojo kodekso XXX skyriuje „Nusikaltimai informatikai“ nusikaltimų informatikai sampratos kontekste. Darbe autorius pateikia, jo požiūriu, priimtiniausią nusikaltimų informatikai sampratą ir nagrinėja šios sampratos galimą įtaką nusikaltimų informatikai reguliavimui Lietuvoje. Darbe analizuojami nusikaltimų informatikai požymiai, iš kurių didesnes diskusijas sukelia nusikaltimo informatikai objektas ir dalykas. Vieni autoriai teigia, kad nusikaltimų informatikai objektas yra santykiai, susiję su informacijos ir informacijos resursų saugiu kūrimu, naudojimu ir platinimu, kitų nuomone nusikaltimų informatikai objektas yra informacija. Tačiau darbe autorius nepritaria tokiam požiūriui ir mano, kad priimtiniausia nuomonė dėl nusikaltimo informatikai objekto, apibūdinanti kaip visuomeninius santykius, susijusius su kompiuterinės informacijos saugumu. Autorius pateikia nuomonę, kad nusikaltimų informatikai dalykas kompiuterinė informacija dėl savo savybės nekisti pakitus ją sudarantiems kompiuteriniams duomenims ne visuomet atspindi nusikaltimų informatikai esmę. Dėl to, manytina, kad nusikaltimų informatikai dalyku turėtų būti įvardinti kompiuteriniai duomenys. / The main topics were found out during this study are: the conception of crimes against informatics, the main indications and analyzing of conception of crimes against informatics according the law literature. The criminal activities named in Chapter XXX of Criminal Code of the Republic of Lithuania are also described in this study. According the author point of view, we proposes the most attractive conception of crimes against informatics and researching possible influence on regulation of such crimes type in Republic of Lithuania of it. In this study the author analyzed indications of crime against informatics. The main causes of discussion are crime against informatics object and subject. There are different opinions about it. One of these opinions suggests that the object of that kind of crime is relationships, which are related to safe creation, use and broadcasting of information and information resources. Another opinion – object is information. The author of this study is disagree with such opinions and supposes that the most suitable opinion of conception of object have to describe the social relationships, related to security of computer information. He thinks that the subject of crime against informatics, computer information because of it feature to stay unchangeable even if computer data has been changed, inadequate the crime substance. The author suggests that the subject of crime against informatics is computer data. The author analyzes different... [to full text]

Thesis (doctoral)--Universität, Bremen, 2007. / Includes bibliographical references (p. [353]-356) and index.

Magister Legum - LLM (Criminal Justice and Procedure) / Enforced disappearances are a heinous violation of numerous human rights enshrined in many international conventions. However, they have not been adequately addressed in many jurisdictions. This crime is very common within countries on the continent of Africa, which despite having plenty of conflicts, under report cases of enforced disappearances. This research paper investigates the transitional justice mechanisms implemented in Uganda to deal with the phenomenon of enforced disappearances. It analyses the mechanisms implemented by the Government of Uganda and those by Non- Governmental Organisations. The paper examines also how the phenomenon of enforced disappearances has been dealt with in other countries such as Morocco, Kenya and South Africa. The paper suggests several recommendations to Uganda after having made a comparison with the selected countries on how to deal with the crime of enforced disappearances.

This thesis explores how the battered woman attachment to her abusive partner impacts on her interactions with the legal system and non-legal resources. This qualitative research project is based on in-depth interviews conducted with seven abused women who procured interdicts in terms of the Prevention of Family Violence Act 133 of 1993 to restrain their husbands from assaulting them. The research reviews the nature of abuse suffered by the participants, their psychological attachments to their husbands, and their patterns of help-seeking in relation to the law and non-legal resources. Two main theoretical frameworks, psychoanalysis and feminism inform this study. The study found that the participants retained unrealistic hopes that their husbands would reform and become loving, caring partners, and that they treated their husbands with care and sympathy despite their husbands’ often brutal behaviour towards them. The findings suggest that the women’s behaviour towards their husbands was the product of two reality distorting psychological defences, splitting and the moral defence which they used to preserve their attachments to their abusive partners. These defences intersected with rigid patriarchal prescriptions of femininity which dictate that women should be stoically caring towards their husbands, and should hold relationships together no matter what the cost to themselves. The participants interactions with the legal system and with non-legal sources of help were structured by their reliance on splitting and the moral defence, and by the dictates of patriarchal ideology. Whilst it is undoubtedly true that at one level the participants sought help to get protection from abuse, the study shows that their help-seeking was motivated by their conflicting desires to punish and reform their husbands. The participants sought help in ways which enabled them to strike a compromise between expressing their anger at their husbands, whilst simultaneously preserving their psychological attachments to them. The study concludes that the women’s interactions with the law and with other helping resource reflect their attempts to preserve their paradoxical attachments to their husbands, and to stabilise their own fragile sense of self and gender identity.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:26:35Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2009-02-19Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:15:16Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 david_p_me_assis.pdf: 620546 bytes, checksum: b1dedb2696453b638800512b8b185d09 (MD5) / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) / A presente pesquisa discute as questões relacionadas às práticas das jovens das classes populares envolvidas nos crimes de estupro, sedução e rapto, todos delitos contra os costumes sociais, ocorridos na cidade de Assis entre os anos de 1950 e 1979, bem como as representações lançadas pelos membros do Poder Judiciário sobre tais comportamentos. A grande maioria das vítimas destes delitos estava diretamente envolvida no mercado de trabalho e possuía um menor monitoramento de suas práticas sociais. Diante disto, os membros do Poder Judiciário, os quais preservavam as representações tradicionais sobre o feminino, repreendiam estes comportamentos e os consideravam desviantes da moral e dos costumes. Sem levar em consideração a idade e as características culturais das vítimas, julgavam-nas como se fossem mulheres rebeldes e, muitas vezes, promíscuas. Pertencentes a um grupo social específico, essas jovens foram vítimas não apenas dos crimes contra os costumes, mas também da discriminação de uma sociedade machista e conservadora. / This present research discusses questions related to practices of young women from popular classes involved in rape, seduction and kidnapping crimes, all these delicts against the social custom happened in Assis city between 1950 and the 1979, and it also discusses the representations instituted by members of the Judiciary Committee about these behaviors. Great part of the victims concerning those delicts was involved at the job market and had a low supervision of their social practices. For this reason, members of the Judiciary Committee, who preserved the traditional representations about the feminine, reprehended these behaviors and considered them diverged from the moral and custom. Without considering age and cultural features of the victims, they were judged as rebel and, most of the time, promiscuous women. Belonging to a specific social group, these young women were not only victims of crimes against the custom, but they were also victims of discrimination by a sexist and conservative society.

O presente estudo buscou fazer uma releitura dos processos-crime na cidade de Caxias do Sul/RS, na década de trinta do século passado, que envolveram a violência contra o sexo feminino. Tomando os processos-crime como fonte, foram escolhidos os que continham os crimes de defloramento, estupro e violência sexual. O trabalho teve como objetivo estudar a trajetória da mulher caxiense vítima de violência, com enfoque no contexto social, político, cultural e organizacional, verificando, assim, as relações de trabalho e poder, condições de vida, educacional e sexual. Sendo o estudo de suma importância, pois nos reporta para a realidade atual, melhorando, assim, a compreensão das relações existentes entre os sexos. Realizou-se, também, um recorte sobre a legislação vigente na época em que ocorreram os crimes, abordouse um breve histórico sobre os processos-crime catalogados em Caxias do Sul. O estudo permeia a formação da Comarca de Caxias do Sul, seus primeiros habitantes, a imigração italiana, bem como o papel da mulher caxiense na sociedade e como ela foi apresentada na história, por meio do discurso e da prática de submissão e dependência. Propõe-se a implantação, nas escolas, da temática de igualdade de gêneros e a abordagem do papel da escola como agente de transformação social. / Submitted by Ana Guimarães Pereira (agpereir@ucs.br) on 2015-12-08T13:09:06Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao Jony Ramos Ottoni.pdf: 2454119 bytes, checksum: 82551d0f8b7ce112b0d8ab38c27eb7cb (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-12-08T13:09:06Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao Jony Ramos Ottoni.pdf: 2454119 bytes, checksum: 82551d0f8b7ce112b0d8ab38c27eb7cb (MD5) / This study aimed to make a rereading of criminal cases in the city of Caxias do Sul/RS, in the thirties of the last century, involving violence against women. Taking the criminal proceedings as a source, they were chosen that contained the deflowering of crimes, rape and sexual violence. The work aimed to study the trajectory of caxiense woman victim of violence, focusing on social, political, cultural and organizational, checking thus labor relations and power, living conditions, educational and sexual. And the study of paramount importance because the reports for the current reality, thus improving the understanding of the relationship between the sexes. Held also a cutout on the legislation in force at the time they occurred the crimes, addressed to a brief history of the criminal cases cataloged in Caxias do Sul. The study permeates the formation of Caxias do Sul County, its first inhabitants, the Italian immigration and the role of women in society caxiense and how it was presented in history, through discourse and practice of submission and dependence. It is proposed the implementation in schools, the issue of gender equality and the approach of the school's role as agents of social transformation.

Gender-based violence has been recognized as a pressing mental health problem that is prevalent within South African society. Non-governmental organizations play a major role in addressing and highlighting the issue. These organizations make use of volunteers in order to assist in meeting their goals. The modernist perspective has been the dominant investigative mode when research into volunteers has been conducted. However, this study has been conducted with an emphasis on narrative. In its use of this constitutionalist and deconstructive perspective, it examines the identity of the research participants within the dominant social and cultural discourses that story their lives. This presents a major challenge to the modernist framework. In examining the life stories of the participants an emergent nature of identity is noted. Through the process of storying their lives and ascribing meaning to their experiences and understandings, the participants engaged in a process of constructing their identity. This research recognizes that identity is both multi-sited and multi-storied. The emphasis on personal agency enables the participants to restory their lives in the light of challenging prevailing discourses. It is in this process of challenge that they reauthor their lives and are in a position to change their own lives and the lives of others.

O presente estudo buscou fazer uma releitura dos processos-crime na cidade de Caxias do Sul/RS, na década de trinta do século passado, que envolveram a violência contra o sexo feminino. Tomando os processos-crime como fonte, foram escolhidos os que continham os crimes de defloramento, estupro e violência sexual. O trabalho teve como objetivo estudar a trajetória da mulher caxiense vítima de violência, com enfoque no contexto social, político, cultural e organizacional, verificando, assim, as relações de trabalho e poder, condições de vida, educacional e sexual. Sendo o estudo de suma importância, pois nos reporta para a realidade atual, melhorando, assim, a compreensão das relações existentes entre os sexos. Realizou-se, também, um recorte sobre a legislação vigente na época em que ocorreram os crimes, abordouse um breve histórico sobre os processos-crime catalogados em Caxias do Sul. O estudo permeia a formação da Comarca de Caxias do Sul, seus primeiros habitantes, a imigração italiana, bem como o papel da mulher caxiense na sociedade e como ela foi apresentada na história, por meio do discurso e da prática de submissão e dependência. Propõe-se a implantação, nas escolas, da temática de igualdade de gêneros e a abordagem do papel da escola como agente de transformação social. / This study aimed to make a rereading of criminal cases in the city of Caxias do Sul/RS, in the thirties of the last century, involving violence against women. Taking the criminal proceedings as a source, they were chosen that contained the deflowering of crimes, rape and sexual violence. The work aimed to study the trajectory of caxiense woman victim of violence, focusing on social, political, cultural and organizational, checking thus labor relations and power, living conditions, educational and sexual. And the study of paramount importance because the reports for the current reality, thus improving the understanding of the relationship between the sexes. Held also a cutout on the legislation in force at the time they occurred the crimes, addressed to a brief history of the criminal cases cataloged in Caxias do Sul. The study permeates the formation of Caxias do Sul County, its first inhabitants, the Italian immigration and the role of women in society caxiense and how it was presented in history, through discourse and practice of submission and dependence. It is proposed the implementation in schools, the issue of gender equality and the approach of the school's role as agents of social transformation.

Submitted in fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Master in Technology: Public Administration-Peace Studies, Durban University of Technology, 2017. / Since Zimbabwe’s independence in 1980, the issue of achieving sustainable peace and development has remained a challenge due to a lack of comprehensive approaches to issues of human rights violations. With such a problem, it becomes easy for individuals and society to use violence as a means to an end and, thus, it has become culturally acceptable, not only in political spheres but also in the school sphere. Therefore, this study aims to promote positive attitudes among students to reduce levels of bullying and to enable to realise the prevention mechanisms that exist within themselves through an action research intervention. Action research with a group of ten students was used create awareness on the negative impact of bullying and also the importance of creating and maintaining peaceful schools. Research proved that violent behaviour among students appears to be a serious problem at Prince Edward School and at Cranborne High School. I worked together with students in two schools to design, implement and evaluate a programme designed to reduce bullying behaviour. It is recommended that students, academic staff, police and the Ministry of Education work together to design interventions that include students in reducing bullying in schools. / M

This thesis takes its starting point from the need for a comprehensive approach towards justice following atrocities, and where not only the states in which the crimes were committed have a role to play. The thesis discusses atrocity crime (genocide, crimes against humanity and war crimes) prosecution and reparations procedures concerning individuals as two appropriate courses of action, through which non-territorial states may contribute to atrocity prevention and justice for the victims of atrocities. The analysis addresses whether, under international law, non-territorial states are allowed to, required to, or prohibited from facilitating prosecution and reparations procedures and includes an assessment of the extent to which international law relating to reparations fails to correspond to that applicable to prosecution. The implications of the lack of correspondence are analysed in light of the historical connection and separation of the two courses of action, the procedural and substantive legal overlaps between prosecution and reparations, and the underlying aims and functions of prosecution and reparations. The study covers a wide spectrum of international legal sources, most of them to be found in human rights law, humanitarian law and international criminal law. The study shows that while non-territorial states are included in both conventional and customary law as regards prosecution of atrocity crimes, the same cannot be said in relation to reparations procedures. This serious deficit and inconsistency in international law, is explained by the framing of reparations, but not prosecution, as a matter concerning victims and human rights, thereby leaving the enforcement of the rules to the discretion of each state. Reparation is also considered a private matter and as such falls outside the scope of the far-reaching obligations regarding prosecution. The study suggests taking further the responsibilities of non-territorial states in relation to atrocity crimes. Most urgently, measures should be considered that bring the legal space for reparations procedures into line with that for prosecution in, for instance, future discussions by human rights treaty-monitoring bodies and in the drafting of new international victims' rights, atrocity crimes or civil procedure instruments.