Orientador: Wilton Carlos Lima da Silva / Banca: Luis Antonio Francisco de Souza / Banca: Paulo Henrique Martinez / Resumo: O presente estudo buscou analisar as práticas criminosas e as relações de poder em Mato Grosso, no período de 1870 a 1910. Observando que a consolidação da autonomia do Judiciário, enquanto instituição pública esteve condicionada as lutas travadas pelo poder de ação e decisão na dimensão jurídica e política com as outras instituições representativas do poder do Estado, central e local. Fundamentando-se no principio de neutralidade e universalidade das leis o aparato jurídico ampliou seu poder resolutivo nas questões sobre a violência e os conflitos envolvendo homens e mulheres que viviam em terras matogrossenses, logo após o fim da Guerra com o Paraguai. Ao adaptarem os procedimentos judiciais as praticas de controle dos comportamentos sociais, os responsáveis pela justiça empregaram com margens de segurança os mecanismos legais e também ações coercitivas e repressivas para com aqueles menos privilegiados na hierarquia social. Nessa perspectiva, verificou-se que nem sempre os Códigos e as leis vigentes a época serviram para coibir a violência desencadeada entre indivíduos e grupos, em muitas situações, foram utilizados como instrumento de regulação das oportunidades e ascensão social. Tal atitude deixou brechas no judiciário, as quais foram utilizadas pelos grandes proprietários de terras, escravos e comércio na manutenção de seus privilégios e interesses. A análise qualitativa e quantitativa dos processos crimes, envolvendo homens e mulheres nos crimes contra a vida, a propriedade e a honra permitiram desvelar as relações entre os supostos criminosos e a justiça, entre os indivíduos de uma mesma categoria social e as com os membros de outros grupos, assim como as influências do poder... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: The present study searches to analyze the criminal practices and the power relations in Mato Grosso, at period of 1870 to 1910. Observing that the consolidation of the autonomy of the Judiciary, how public institution, has been conditioned at conflicts engaged for the power of action and decision in the juridical and political dimension with the others representative institutions of the power of State, central and local. Basing in the neutrality principle and universality of the laws, the juridical ostentation amplified your resolute power in the questions about the violence and the conflicts involving men and women that lived in matogrossenses lands, after the end of war with Paraguay. To the they adapt the judicial procedures practice them of control of the social behaviors, the responsible for the justice used with margins of safety the legal mechanisms and also coercive and repressive actions to those less privileged ones in the social hierarchy. In that perspective, it was verified that not always the Codes and the effective laws the time was to restraint the violence unchained between individuals and groups, in a lot of situations, they were used as instrument of regulation of the opportunities and social ascension. Such attitude left breaches in the judiciary, which were used by the great proprietors of lands, slaves and trade in the maintenance of their privileges and interests. The qualitative and quantitative analysis of the processes crimes involving men and women in the crimes against the life the property and the honor allowed to reveal the relationships between... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre

Em março de 1907, o Decreto no 6.640 enunciou uma reforma policial na cidade do Rio de Janeiro que, entre outras modificações, fez emergir o periódico Boletim Policial. Este trabalho analisa como essa revista, como enunciado do discurso policial, foi um arquivo construtor da polícia da Capital Federal como polícia científica e moderna entre os anos 1907 e 1918. Esse período é marcado pela reorganização dos parâmetros científicos acerca do crime e do criminoso, em várias partes do mundo, que serviram de base para a polícia científica. É o momento em que a aplicação da antropologia criminal ainda estava em voga, do uso de novos métodos de identificação de criminosos, de inovações na análise do local do crime, entre outras transformações. Abordo, também, a aplicabilidade do discurso policial modernizador em diálogo com os pressupostos da Escola Positiva e com novas formas de tecnologias de identificação dos criminosos nos ditos sobre os portugueses na esfera criminal. / In March 1907, Decree no 6640 enunciated a police reform in the city of Rio de Janeiro, which, among other changes, brought into existence the periodic Boletim Policial. This paper examines how this magazine, as a voice of police discourse, helped turning the police of the federal capital into a scientific and modern police, between 1907 and 1918. Such time was marked by the reorganization of scientific parameters about crime and the criminal in various parts of the world, which formed the basis for the scientific police. It was the moment in which criminal anthropology was applied, along with the use of new methods of criminal identification and innovations in the analysis of the crime scene, among other changes. Also, this paper intends to analyse the applicability of police-modernizing discourse in dialogue with the assumptions of positivism and new forms of technologies of criminal identification, in the sayings about the Portuguese in the criminal sphere.

Orientador: Maria Suely Kofes / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciencias Humanas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-07T05:48:27Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Tonkonoff_SergioSteban_D.pdf: 706764 bytes, checksum: 1adf3af960f884bd3ef35696c5c4e12e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006 / Resumo: Nosso ponto de partida é o corpo coletivo. Corpo entendido como uma multiplicidade de forças colidentes, atravessadas pelo registro da imagem e o excesso de sentido. Para que exista sociedade estas forças e sentidos devem ser fixadas, organizadas e hierarquizadas num sistema de significação capaz de 1) definir uma rede estruturada de significados, 2) normalizar o desejo e 3) lhe prover satisfação; é dizer, capaz de produzir o social como uma ordem simbólica. Isto é possível por meio de uma serie de exclusões fundantes ou limites antagônicos. O que instituem estes limites e o proibido e o permitido, o justo e o injusto, o possível e o impossível; e tal vez mais elementarmente um dentro e um fora, um acima e um abaixo. Estes limites antagônicos estabelecem então ao social como um campo de ¿visibilidade¿ e de ¿dizebilidade¿. Ou, dito pela negativa, o social se institui sempre produzindo um indizível e um invisível. Um resíduo que, por quanto não pode ser nomeado, não existe na ¿realidade¿, mas isso não impede que produza efeitos como Real. O crime, postularemos, é um deles. O crime é um tipo de acontecimento vinculado á alteridade de um socius elementar (de caráter fundamentalmente afetivo) e a uns antagonismos sócias que são negados no estabelecimento e na reprodução de uma ordem sócio-simbólica determinada, e cuja emergência experimenta-se como violência feita a essa ordem. A característica principal deste tipo de violência e a de se manifestar de um modo aleatório e exterior aos mecanismos socialmente estabelecidos para sua descarga. Por quanto o crime implica um Excesso para a ordem das diferenças, carece de lugar fixo, e resulta impossível atribui-lhe uma origem precisa. Inaugura então um território de limites equívocos. E aquele que o atualize provocará um desclassamento cognitivo, que por estar vinculado a proibições fundamentais, será também um shock afetivo. Esse é o ponto específico aonde o pensamento mítico se faz cargo desta experiência. O mito falando a linguagem dos afeitos violentos, retira ao imputado da serie do ¿semelhante¿, e o converte, não num outro, mais num completamente outro. Isso impede toda posta em perspectiva, toda vinculação positiva com o conjunto do qual é arrancado. Nesse sentido pode se dizer que o criminoso é um ponto de imputação do Real, e que seu acontecimento e capaz de produzir estados de multidão em aqueles espactadores habitualmente sujeitos a rotina e a lei / Abstract: Our starting point is the collective body. Body as a multiplicity of fighting forces, traveled through by the register of the image and the excess of sense. For that society exist these forces and senses should be fixed and organized in a significance system of capable of 1) define a net of structured meanings, 2) normalize the desire and 3) satisfies it; that is, capable to produce the social as symbolic order. This is possible by means of a series of foundational exclusions or antagonistic limits. These limits institute the prohibited and the permitted, the justice and the unjust one, the possible and the impossible; and, may be in a more elemental way, the inside and the outside, the high and the low. These antagonistic limits establish then the social as a field of "visibility" and of "speakability". Or, it said by the negative one, the social is instituted always by producing an unspeakable and an invisible zone. A residue that, because it cannot be nominated, does not exist in the "reality", but it does not stop to produce effects as Real. The crime, we will request, is one of them. Crime is a kind of event linked to the alterity of a elemental socius (of a affectivity character) and to a social antagonisms that were denied in the establishment of a determined socio-symbolic order, and whose emergency is experienced as violence made to that order. Because the crime implies an excess for the order of the differences, it lacks a fixed place, and turns out to be impossible to attribute it an precise origin. It inaugurates then a territory of indefinite limits. And the one who actualize it will provoke a cognitive des classification and a affective shock in those who assist to these event. That it is the specific point where the mythological thought appears in this experience. The myth, speaking the language of the accustomed violent one, withdraw the imputed individual of the series of the "similar", and converts him or her, not in a other, but in a completely Other. That stops all posts in perspective, all positive linking with the assembly of which this individual is pulled out. In that sense is possible to be said that the criminal is a point of imputation of the Real, and that criminal event is capable of produce states of crowd in those spectators habitually subjects the routine and the law / Doutorado / Doutor em Sociologia

M.A. / The pre-sentence evaluation committee was an innovation of the 1980's. It is a multidisciplinary team constituted primarily to assist probation officers with their cases in making relevant recommendations on offenders to the court. The concept of the pre-sentence evaluation committee survives in the provisions of the Probation Services Act No. 116 of 1991, and the Strategic Management Plan of the Department of Welfare and Population Development, Gauteng Province. In effect, it has been discontinued in almost all of the decentralized offices of the Department of Welfare and Population Development within the Gauteng Province. The objective of this study is to determine if the pm-sentence is still relevant to probation officers who are the major stakeholders of the committee and If so what form should the committee assume to meet the needs of probation officers. It therefore falls within the program evaluation genre in terms of its purpose. The study entails a survey of fifteen social workers in the employ of the Department of Welfare and Population Development. The majority of these are dedicated probation officers. Data is captured in using a standardized open-ended interview schedule. A qualitative research design isfollowed using a framework based on the work of Strauss and Corbin (1990). Use is made of the NUD.IST computer based program to deal with the transcripts of the fifteen interviews with departmental social workers. The program assists with the treatment of the data and the establishment of hierarchies of concepts developed during the application of Strauss and Corbin's framework. Conclusions of the study are that probation officers In general recognize that the pre-sentence evaluation committee continues to have relevance in court work. That it has greatest relevance for inexperienced social workers and workers confronted with difficult cases. On the basis of the research recommendations are made for a flexible application of the concept of the pre-sentence evaluation committee and that there are additional alternatives which can be considered in addition to the pre-sentence evaluation committee.

M.A. / Please refer to full text to view abstract

M.A. / The Department of Correctional Services (DCS) has adopted legislation that advocates for the rehabilitation and humane treatment of offenders. However, high incidences of assault and inhumane treatment of inmates by correctional officials were reported between 2005 and 2006. Furthermore the statistics of recidivism in South African Correctional Institutions is estimated to be more than 50% indicating that the rehabilitation of inmates in correctional institutes is of limited success. The aim of this study is to provide some insight into the ill-treatment of offenders as well as the rationale behind the high rate of recidivism in the South African Correctional institution by exploring the attitudes of correctional officials towards the rehabilitation and humane treatment of offenders. Understanding the attitudes of the correctional officials could be a crucial first step in understanding the ill-treatment and abuse of offenders by correctional officials and the limited success of offender rehabilitation as these attitudes have the potential to promote or hinder the successful implementation of the new legislation in this regard. An exploratory research survey was conducted among a sample of correctional officials at Leeuwkop Correctional Institution. The sample consisted of 121 male and 61 female correctional officials. The participants were selected from all major racial groups in South Africa (black, white, coloured and indian). Data was collected by means of a survey questionnaire. The questionnaire was designed by the researcher to elicit the overall attitude of correctional officials towards rehabilitation and humane treatment of offenders (whether it was positive or negative). In addition the factors that could potentially influence the attitude of correctional officials towards rehabilitation and humane treatment of offenders were also investigated. The results revealed that correctional officials have an overall positive attitude towards rehabilitation and humane treatment of offenders. Furthermore it was revealed that factors like gender, age, educational qualification, work experience and the type of offender under the correctional officials’ care have no impact on the attitudes of correctional officials towards rehabilitation and humane treatment of offenders. It was noted that some of these factors have no influence on the attitude of correctional officials when examined individually, however when some of the factors are correlated they have an impact on the attitude of correctional officials.

Submitted in fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Management Sciences: Public Management (Peacebuilding), Durban University of Technology, Durban, South Africa, 2017. / The retributive justice system has been used in most parts of the world aimed at rehabilitating, deterring and incapacitating offenders. High prison rates reveal that the retributive justice system has not been too effective when it comes to reducing recidivism and addressing causes of crime. The system makes offenders to be accountable to the state, while victims of crime are left out of the picture. Family members of offenders, who are the secondary victims, are also closed out of the system, while in essence; they suffer a lot including loss of family members to imprisonment, which affects the family fabric. This research seeks to enhance the restorative justice work with ex-prisoners done by Second Chance Rehabilitation centre. The question that this research seeks to answer is: can restorative justice models have a positive impact on the lives of ex-prisoners and their families? An Action Research paradigm was used during this study. Eleven restorative justice interventions were implemented with a group of twelve ex-prisoners, while four sessions were implemented with ten family members of the ex-prisoners. The findings of this research reveal that, participants attained new knowledge through these interventions, which influenced their attitudes and behaviour about life and relationships. Additionally, the study revealed that human beings are social beings, who can be socialised into doing right, which is a message that should be passed on to policy makers, so they would implement effective rehabilitative processes which will yield transformative results. / D

The present study evaluated offender characteristics associated with completion of halfway house placement by the inclusion of additional offender characteristics for analysis in addition to those studied in previous research, the analysis of a large number of representative cases, and the use of statistics allowing clear conclusions upon which to base decision making. Data analysis was done in three steps. The first Step was to identify offender characteristics which were associated with completion in halfway house placement. The second step was to see how accurate the offender characteristics identified were in predicting completion of an offender's halfway house stay. The third step was to identify any possible factors which underlie the offender characteristics identified. Discriminant analyses identified ten offender characteristics which were associated with completion of halfway house placement for 521 male offenders and four offender characteristics which were associated with halfway house completion for the group of 33 female offenders studied. These offender characteristics resulted in 75.38 percent correctly classified cases for the male offender group and 96.9 7 percent correctly classified cases for the group of female offenders. Factor analyses resulted in the identification of four factors for the group of male offenders and two factors for the female offender group. Suggestions for future research included replications of the present study leading to the identification of offender groups based on probabilities of successful halfway house completion, and the establishment of halfway house programs tailored to offenders identified as having high or low probabilities of completion.

The purpose of this thesis is to explore, as far as possible, the human element in the process of judicial administration. It attempts to include some aspects, and the environmental situation, of several social groupings including the skid row habitue and the professional criminal. To this extent it tries to get a perspective relative to the intent of the offender. The paper also tries to develop a scope that relates existing machineries of judicial administration as they relate to the various offenders. The primary purpose is, through a general survey, to create questions rather than answer them. It is hoped that future research can and will be done in order to clarify the pertinent queries made. Among the questions indicated as badly in need of an answer are the possibility of a total change in the administration to answer the specific needs of the skid row unemployed or unemployable who may be totally accepting the present judicial syndrome to get subsistence and the effects of the process of admission into the city or provincial jail which may restructure an individual's self-image so as to alienate him from his original society and create a possible recidivist as he adapts to the jail or prison sub-culture. / Arts, Faculty of / Social Work, School of / Graduate

Please read the abstract in the section 00front of this document / Thesis (DPhil (Social Work))--University of Pretoria, 2005. / Social Work and Criminology / unrestricted