Tourism has become a tool for many developing countries to achieve economic growth and alleviate poverty. However, even though tourism is contributing to positive impacts, it also stresses infrastructure and changing local communities. For many African countries, tourism plays an important role, which is the case with the growing tourist destination Mozambique. This research is examining how tourism is affecting the local community in Tofo, and furthermore how involved they are in the development. The study is based on interviews, participant observations, questionnaire and documents. Findings show that the development is forced upon the community in Tofo, although leading to various economic and socio-cultural impacts, such as improved living standard, change in behaviors and infrastructure development, but the greatest impacts remain employment and income. The development is unplanned and do not involve the community to extent it should and could, leaving the residents powerless and dependent on foreign investors.

Dominica has been recognized for its landscape containing hundreds of rivers and receiving high rainfall, and "our water belongs to the world," or so says many Dominican citizens, and their government. A schism exists in the understanding of the water resources of Dominica. Local perceptions are in conflict with regional climate change data. Where climate change research has found Dominica to be high risk for water quality and quantity, locals maintain the mindset that there is an overabundance of the resource. Local epistemologies influence governmental water management practices, which presently focus on exportation of the resource. In efforts of economic development, while trusting that there is a surplus of water, Dominica leases billions of gallons of water each year to foreign companies. A popular conception on the island is that there is an abundance of water, and therefore, it should be shared globally. This unique social construction of Dominican water has been a foundation leading to the sale of billions of gallons of fresh water to international corporations. However, the bulk exportation of water is occurring in the context of climate change, and thus, the availability of water will be impacted by changes in annual rainfall, sea level rise, increased temperatures, and more severe hurricanes. The purpose of this study is to gain a better understanding of how the social understanding of water in Dominica was constructed, and what this means in relation to resource exportation and climate change. This research-based paper explores Dominican perceptions of water abundance and sustainability.

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Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-26T13:33:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 texto completo.pdf: 1325104 bytes, checksum: 62f2ea1264aba1097092ccaaaaf70a23 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-04-24 / The development of tourism during the last decades has brought up concerns about the impacts on the receiving communities. Although it presents itself as a social-economical alternative, increasing job offers and income revenue, when it happens in a intense and random way in small communities it unleashes a series of social, cultural and environmental impacts The scholars that work on this subject suggest planning and tourism handling as ways to ease the negative impacts and increase the positive impacts. The goal of this study is to show how planning and touristic marketing can contribute to the reorganization of spontaneous touristic activity and ease the social-cultural impacts in small communities. The research was done in the Lavras Novas community, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais district, which touristic development has been occurring in a intense and random way since 1995. The methodology used was the nonparticipant observation, with use of interviews semi-structured on public entities representatives, private corporations connected to tourism and members of the community. The conclusion was that the reorganization of tourism in that area can be done by planning and strategic use of integrated marketing. This process should be accomplished through establishing target-markets, defined by geographical location, income levels and demographical density; demand research to understand the needs and wants of the tourists; research on the tourist offer to check strong and weak spots of the place; redirecting the tourist offer focusing the creation of packages and tourist excursions, trying to value the cultural scene; use of internal marketing to integrated the whole community in the process; and, finally, the articulation with the intermediate market of travel agencies and transport companies. / O desenvolvimento do turismo, nas últimas décadas, tem suscitado preocupação com os impactos provocados nas comunidades receptoras. Ao mesmo tempo em que se apresenta como alternativa socioeconômica, gerando postos de trabalho e renda, quando acontece de forma intensa e aleatória nas pequenas comunidades, provoca uma série de impactos sociais, culturais e ambientais. Os estudiosos que tratam desse assunto atribuem ao planejamento e à gestão do turismo o papel de amenizar os impactos negativos e potencializar os impactos positivos. O objetivo deste trabalho foi demonstrar como o planejamento e a gestão do marketing turístico integrado podem contribuir para a reorganização da atividade turística espontânea e amenizar os impactos socioculturais em pequenas comunidades. A pesquisa foi realizada na comunidade de Lavras Novas, município de Ouro Preto, MG, cujo desenvolvimento turístico vem acontecendo, de forma intensa e aleatória, desde 1995. A metodologia utilizada foi a observação não-participante, com a aplicação de entrevistas semi-estruturadas a representantes de entidades públicas, empresas privadas ligadas ao turismo e a membros da comunidade. A conclusão a que se chegou foi que a reorganização do turismo, nessa localidade, pode-se dar a partir da adoção de planejamento e gestão estratégica de marketing integrado. Esse processo deve-se realizar a partir do estabelecimento de mercados-alvo; de pesquisa para se conhecerem as necessidades e os desejos dos turistas; de levantamento da oferta turística para verificar pontos fortes e fracos da localidade; de redirecionamento da oferta turística com foco na elaboração de pacotes ou roteiros turísticos, buscando valorizar os atrativos culturais; de adoção do marketing interno para integrar toda a comunidade no processo; e, finalmente, de articulação com o mercado intermediário de agências de viagens e operadoras.

The purpose of this thesis is to examine the socio-cultural impacts that tourists and locals in Mallorca are experiencing. We want to study the locals’ and tourists' perceptions and impact they have on each other. Qualitative interviews have been conducted for this thesis, in which two different interview forms were used. One interview form was used to interview locals and another for tourists, and a total of 11 people were interviewed. The study is based on theories that includes socio-cultural impacts, cultural shock, Doxey's irridex model and codes of conduct. The result of this study is that both locals and tourists had in general positive perceptions of the socio-cultural effects. The positive effects they experienced was cultural- and knowledge exchange, create networks with tourists from around the world and to have multicultural meetings. It was only locals who felt the negative socio-cultural effects of tourism, and these effects were that tourists litter the streets, drinks a lot of alcohol, creates high noise levels and that tourism affects the traditions and local language. / Syftet med uppsatsen är att undersöka de sociokulturella effekter som turister ochlokalbefolkningen i Mallorca upplever. Vi författare har valt att studera lokalbefolkningensoch turisters uppfattningar som de har av varandra. För denna uppsats har det genomförtskvalitativa intervjuer, där två olika intervjuformer använts. Den ena intervjuformen användesför att intervjua lokalbor och den andra för turister, där totalt 11 personer har intervjuats.Studien utgår från teorier som behandlar bland annat sociokulturella effekter, kulturchock,Doxey's irridex-modell och codes of conduct. Resultatet av studien är att både lokalborna och turisterna i generella drag har positivauppfattningar av turismens effekter på ön. De positiva effekter som de upplevde var kulturochkunskapsutbyten, turismen underlättade att skapa ett nätverk med personer från helavärlden samt en upplevelse av mångkulturella möten. Det är endast lokalborna som anser attdet finns negativa effekter av turismen, vilket var att turister skräpar ner gator,överkonsumerar alkohol, är väldigt högljudda samt påverkar traditioner och det lokala språket.

This study aims to identify the perceived socio - cultural impacts of tourism by residents in the city Cesky Krumlov. Based on data from questionnaire survey five main spheres (factors) within socio - cultural impacts were named with reference to the social exchange theory according residents' positive or negative perception during interaction with tourism. According the average answer in each sphere, the cluster analysis produced four types of typology of final attitude - the Advocates, Skeptics, Environmentally Concerned and Not decided. After identification all attitudes, two main problematic spheres were named - socio-cultural and social status as they are seen as the most negative ones. This fact was supported by accompanied survey of businesses and companies structure in the city center, where the results show lack of businesses for residents.

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People living in the north have been and will continue to be affected by increasing exploration and exploitation of the region's natural resources. To understand the human impacts a qualitative approach and sense of place, place attachment, and disruption in place theories were used to analyze the experiences of young Aboriginal adults in a Dene Tha' community in northwestern Alberta. The major finding of this study was that the young people developed deep attachments to their place; however, environmental, social, and cultural changes have altered life here and as a consequence many of the young people no longer want to remain living in their community. The results suggest that the Dene Tha' are being gradually displaced and their homeland is becoming increasingly unable to sustain them or their culture. The findings also indicate that gradual environmental deterioration can lead to profound social and cultural changes that should be considered before land use decisions are made. / Rural Sociology

The tourism industry is one of the fastest growing economic branches in the world. Because of a multiplication effect, which is one of it's important characteristics, it creates suitable conditions for increasing an economic and socio-cultural value of a region. Nevertheless, this value increasing depends on a development level of a region, it's potential to develop tourism and a co-ordination of activities which ensure the potential development. Research was mostly focused on economic impacts of tourism development in regions. But it's impacts on socio-cultural environment are very important as well. If tourism development is managed responsibly in a region it can generate considerable positive effects on local communities (first of all an improvement of living standards, development of public facilities etc.). In the opposite case it can generate irretrievable negative effects, especially changes of local community lifestyle , changes in local social and cultural values or changes in physical environment. On one hand tourism contributes to keep cultural diversity in the world and mediates cognition and interaction between different people and cultures , on the other hand it transmits negative aspects of globalization which tend to affect traditions and specific cultures of particular regions in a destructive way. So the aim of the diploma thesis is to point out psychological and sociological aspects of tourism, it's relation to culture and cultural identity and it's impacts on local communities. The analysis is focused on Prague characteristics and tourism impacts on it's socio-cultural environment.

The purpose of this study was to explore the socio-cultural impacts of cruise ship tourism on Port Vila residents and their coping strategies. The study was conducted in Port Vila over the months of June and July 2006. It employs the use of a qualitative research methodology, of participant observation, and semi-structured interviews with a range of tourism stakeholders, including the government, the church and chiefs, as well as a number of small businesses such as public transport operators, small indigenous tour operators and market vendors. These observations and interviews were conducted at the Mama’s Haus project, Centre Point Market Place, and the main wharf area. This thesis was initially aimed at exploring the strategies that the residents of Port Vila used to cope with the impacts caused by cruise ship tourism. As the research progressed, it become apparent from primary data collected that market vendors have not just adapted to the impacts of cruise ship tourism, but that the consequences of their adaptation may be seen as empowering them. They are empowered not just economically, but also psychologically, socially and politically. However, it must be acknowledged that not all small tourist operators in this study felt positively about the impacts of cruise ship tourism; some may be seen as being disempowered. Furthermore, the empowerment of these market vendors is dependent on the continuous flow of cruise ship visits to Port Vila; something beyond their control. The cancellation of future trips or decrease in the number of cruise ship voyages will have significant consequences for the sustainability of this informal sector and the longevity of these micro-enterprises. The study finding implies that coping strategies should not just address how residents and communities cope or respond to tourism, but should also go further by addressing the consequences of the coping strategies adopted.