The concept of realism in visual representation has been defined and deployed largely within the domain of the Western artistic canon. In the field of art history, the term is often used in ways that depend on implicit, culturally coded assumptions about its connection with the formal markers of optical-naturalism. The Persianate tradition of pictorial representation by contrast, has been traditionally characterized in modern scholarship as stylized and decorative, with little acknowledgment of an interest in realism in its own visual language. Furthermore, normative Euro-centric attitudes have perpetuated the assumption that an engagement with realism entered Persianate artistic practices with the advent of Europeanizing modes of depiction in Safavid and Mughal spheres of production around the late sixteenth-century. This dissertation explores the topic of realism from the perspective of Persianate visual culture. In so doing, it proposes to refine our understanding of the concept in terms that accommodate the varied artistic production of cultures that laid claims to cultivating representational realism in their own primary sources. The first chapter draws on multi-disciplinary discussions to challenge art historical treatments of pictorial realism as a style, in favor of a functional definition of the concept as an emergent quality rooted in formal strategies that activate particular patterns of mirror-response in their audiences. The second and third chapters reject the principle of evaluating the realism of Persianate representations according to their degree of proximity to European models. The second chapter discusses the structural conditions of change in visual habitus in cases of inter-cultural encounter between foreign modes of representation and the resulting works of aesthetic hybridity. The third chapter presents material evidence of early modern Safavid and Mughal albums as discourses of aesthetic heterogeneity. The fourth chapter explores the local Persianate roots of realism, including the changes these realism strategies underwent in the early modern period. The fifth and final chapter develops case studies of two seventeenth-century Mughal and Safavid drawings, which cultivate representational enlivenment in depicting harrowing moments of death. The discussion delves in greater detail into the particular patterns of realism developed in the seventeenth-century Persianate visual culture. / History of Art and Architecture

This is home. es una obra de danza exploratoria y abstracta que investiga la combinación de danza con historias y temas de inmigración. Por selecciones entretejidas de historias personales grabadas de inmigrantes hispanohablantes y francófonos, la danza desenreda niveles de complejidad. Motivos de movimiento que recurren incluyen la navegación completa de la vulnerabilidad absoluta, manejar por lo desconocido, lo desfamiliar, la desorientación, la confrontación, relaciones ambientales entre grupo e individual, el descubrimiento de sí mismo, el éxito o fracaso en comunicar y la presencia o falta del apoyo y la camaradería. Dado que la narración es abstracta, deja que el espectador determine el mensaje final. El departamento de danza de Scripps College tiene un vídeo de las representaciones del 17 y 18 de abril 2015. This is home. is an exploratory abstract dance work that investigates the merging of dance with stories and themes of immigration. By way of interwoven selections from recorded personal histories of Spanish and French-speaking immigrants, the piece unravels layers of complexity. Recurring movement motifs include the navigation of complete and utter vulnerability, steering through the unknown, unfamiliarity, disorientation, confrontation, environmental relationships between group and individual, self-discovery, success or failure in communication, and the presence or absence of support and camaraderie. Because the narrative is abstract, the ultimate message is left to the viewer’s interpretation. A digital recording of the piece as performed on April 17-18, 2015 is on file in the Scripps College Dance Department.

Thesis (M.A.T.) -- School for International Training, 2007. / Advisor -- Bonnie Mennell Includes bibliographical references (leaf 95).

Este trabalho tem como objetivo estudar as peculiaridades da tradição oral africana e suas influências na criação do jazz. Os africanos, sendo um povo onde sua cultura tem como principal característica enfatizar o emprego da oralidade na transmissão do conhecimento, o faz de forma muito distinta aos padrões culturais europeus. Sob a ótica do povo africano, a palavra expressa de forma oral possui um grande valor, sendo atribuído à mesma, um nível de relevância tamanho que chega a ser vista como um elemento místico capaz de criar ou até mesmo destruir. Os africanos, presentes em solo americano, pela imposição da escravidão, fundiram seus elementos culturais à cultura européia, dando luz uma nova concepção musical, o jazz. O jazz desde sua criação até os dias atuais, passou e passa por diversas transformações. Estas transformações, mesmo que de forma implícita, contribuem para que o jazz esteja presente nas mais diversas manifestações culturais. O jazz não pode ser considerado apenas um gênero musical de origem americana. O jazz está presente em diversas partes do mundo, inclusive no Brasil, onde se torna renovado devido à riqueza e diversidade cultural deste país. / This work studies the peculiarities of the oral African tradition and his influences in the creation of the jazz. The Africans, being a people where his culture has like principal characteristic emphasizes the job of the orality in the transmission of the knowledge, it does it in the very different form to the cultural European standards. Under the optics of the African people, the definite word of oral form has a great value, when attributed to same, a so great level of relevance that comes being seen like a mystic element able to create or even to destroy. The Africans, presents in American ground, for the imposition of the slavery, fused his cultural elements to the European culture, giving there shines a new musical conception, the jazz. The jazz from his creation up to the current days, passed and it suffers several transformations. These transformations, even that in the implicit form, they contribute so that the jazz is present in more several cultural demonstrations. The jazz cannot be considered only a musical type of American origin. The jazz is present in several parts of the world, including in Brazil, where it becomes renewed due to the wealth and cultural diversity of this country.

No description available.

For the past decade and even earlier, globalization has been a popular buzzword in academia and has provoked a number of intellectual discussions concerning its nature and effects. In these discussions concepts such as cultural imperialism, cultural homogenization, and indigenization appear which are perceived by-products of globalization in many cases. While some debate the moral implications of globalization and these related phenomena few prefer to take a more neutral stance and simply investigate the objects that are born from the combination two distinct cultural traditions. My research investigates the cultural flow between the United States and Japan which can be considered 'cultural sharing'. In this context, globalization is a phenomenon that can happen on equal footing and can support the exchange of distinct cultural ideas as a beneficial and voluntary process. In the last century, both Japan and the United States have borrowed cultural items from one another and localized them. The step after borrowing and localization occurs when parties from each country work together with the intent of creating a joint project. Kingdom Hearts stands as a prime example of this because the Japanese company Square and the American company Disney collaborated in order to create a product which represents a hybridization of both cultures.

This study focuses on volunteers within the non-profit organization ‘WWOOF’ World Wide Opportunities on Organic Farming, which provides individuals the opportunity to experience a sustainable organic farming through volunteering.  As sustainability needs to be more valued within society and as individuals are seen to develop similar values from their social surrounding, the study examines how being a volunteer on a WWOOF farm influences the volunteer’s personal development. The material findings of 20 semi-structured interviews from previous WWOOF volunteers were collected and indicated four main outcomes: increased environmental awareness, community awareness, a sustainable lifestyle and personal growth among the volunteers. The outcomes are discussed in relation to the following main theories and concepts: sustainable worldview theory, symbolic interactionism, social identity theory, the Third Space and narrative identity theory. The sustainable societal values achieved among the volunteers indicated that being a volunteer on a WWOOF farm, can contribute to improve the global community

Este trabalho tem por objetivo investigar os banhos e as práticas balneárias públicas no Egito do século I a.C. ao século VI d.C., procurando detectar que modificações foram introduzidas pelo conquistador romano. Este contingente trouxe consigo hábitos culturais consolidados durante séculos em que estabelecera suas próprias práticas e desenvolvera técnicas construtivas e inovações tecnológicas, fruto de influências variadas e iniciativas locais resultantes de sua expansão colonial. Ao se estabelecerem no Egito anexado como província, os romanos encontraram uma cultura balneária solidamente enraizada, tão ou mais antiga que a sua, em consequência da conquista macedônica trezentos anos antes. O que vemos nos séculos seguintes é um movimento contínuo de manutenções e rupturas, em que uma população crescentemente \"romanizada\" adotou e descartou seletivamente práticas, feições e inovações técnicas, enquanto manteve hábitos tradicionais. Os edifícios balneários no Egito revelam que algumas destas práticas perduraram em seu território por mais tempo do que em qualquer outra província, e materializam escolhas feitas a nível local. Pretendemos demonstrar como, em sua arquitetura e em suas formas de banhar-se, os numerosos banhos públicos no Egito configuram uma prática cotidiana generalizada, amplamente adotada por uma população multiétnica e socialmente heterogênea, que contribuiu para lhes dar as feições híbridas que os distinguem, e que culminaram na geração de um modelo regional original e único. / This dissertation aims to investigate baths and bathing practices in Egypt from the 1st century BC to the 6th century AD, in order to determine which changes were introduced by the Roman conquerors. The Romans brought with them cultural habits formed over centuries, during which time they developed their own practices, building techniques and technological innovations, developed further during their colonial expansion. When they annexed Egypt, they encountered a solidly rooted bathing culture of similar or greater antiquity to their own, established following the Macedonian conquest three hundred years earlier. The picture which emerges over the following centuries is one of a constant movement of continuity and rupture, whereby the increasingly \"Romanised\" population selectively adopted and discarded practices, features and technical improvements, while retaining traditional habits. Egyptian baths show that some of these practices were kept alive on that territory far longer than on any other province, embodying choices made locally. We propose to demonstrate how - in their architecture and bathing forms - the numerous public baths of Egypt translate a generalised everyday practice, amply adopted by a multi-ethnical and socially heterogeneous population, who contributed towards the hybrid features which distinguish them, and which ultimately generated an original and unique regional model.

O presente estudo é uma análise antropológica sobre as experiências de jovens estudantes estrangeiros que participaram de programa de intercâmbio cultural escolar no RS. Programas com esta finalidade existem há mais de sessenta anos no mundo e há mais de cinquenta no Brasil. Para o programa de intercâmbio ocorrer, vários atores interagem: os jovens estrangeiros (intercambistas), as famílias hospedeiras, as organizações promotoras e as comunidades hospedeiras entre outros. Em vista disso, o universo de pesquisa abrangeu, além dos estudantes estrangeiros; as famílias e escolas gaúchas, participantes do programa; a organização responsável pelo intercâmbio escolhida para esse estudo, e as comunidades gaúchas que receberam esses jovens. Foram realizadas observações participantes e entrevistas com os intercambistas; com as famílias hospedeiras, com estudantes que haviam regressado a seus países de origem após participarem do intercâmbio, com as famílias gaúchas que já os haviam recebido e, também, com as escolas participantes. Os encontros promovidos pela Organização, destinados aos jovens, foram acompanhados pela pesquisadora. Além disso, foram coletados dados em redes sociais com o uso da internet. Através desta etnografia, foi possível perceber diferentes sentidos e significados evocados por esses jovens estrangeiros e pelas famílias gaúchas, o que indicou uma diversidade de motivações e projetos de vida dos diferentes participantes do programa. Essa diversidade, no entanto, convergia para a vivência de uma „experiência‟. Segundo os estudantes estrangeiros, essa experiência significou uma „busca de transformação de si‟, podendo ser entendida, inclusive, como a busca por um ritual de passagem. A Organização, por sua vez, se mostrou disposta a trabalhar a proposta do programa de maneira a proporcionar essa „passagem‟. O estudo revelou, também, o desejo das famílias gaúchas de estabelecer relações afetivas que ultrapassassem as barreiras nacionais e perdurassem após o intercâmbio. Com o retorno dos jovens a seus países, tornou-se evidente que redes de relacionamento entre os participantes da experiência haviam sido construídas, assim como uma rede entre grupo de jovens estrangeiros, e também destes com as famílias e comunidades hospedeiras. O grupo de intercambistas partilhava interesses, estilos de vida e as experiências de intercâmbio seguiram sendo compartilhadas através da internet. / High school intercultural exchange programs exist for over sixty years around the world and in Brazil for more than fifty. In order to make them happen, it is necessary a range of stakeholders, including youngsters, families, promoting institutions, communities, among others. This study is an anthropological analysis of the experiences of high school intercultural exchange programs of young foreigners in Brazil. The research base had families and schools from the state of Rio Grande do Sul, exchange students, the Organization chosen for the study and the community who received these youngsters. During the research, participating observations and interviews were made. The meetings and orientations for the exchange students sponsored by the Organization were monitored, as well as families and students in cities where they were living. Former exchange students who had already returned to their countries of origin were also interviewed, as well as their respective Brazilian families and the participating schools. Data were also collected from social networks through Internet. Based on this ethnography, it was possible to perceive different meanings evoked by these exchange students and by their Brazilian families. We observed that the different participants of the program had a diversity of motives and life projects; however converging on the living of an 'experience'. According to the exchange students studied, this experience came as a search to 'transform themselves' thus it can be even understood as the search for a rite of passage. The Organization also showed to be willing to apply the program proposal so as to provide this 'passage' to the youngsters, which, in turn, requires the need for community networks to provide support to the experience. The study also revealed the desire of the families studied to establish relationships that could go beyond national boundaries continuing after the exchange period. After the exchange students returned to their countries, we observed the construction of relationship networks among the exchange students, as well as a network of people (youngsters and families) who shared the same interests, lifestyles and exchange experiences in different parts of the world through this Organization.

O presente estudo é uma análise antropológica sobre as experiências de jovens estudantes estrangeiros que participaram de programa de intercâmbio cultural escolar no RS. Programas com esta finalidade existem há mais de sessenta anos no mundo e há mais de cinquenta no Brasil. Para o programa de intercâmbio ocorrer, vários atores interagem: os jovens estrangeiros (intercambistas), as famílias hospedeiras, as organizações promotoras e as comunidades hospedeiras entre outros. Em vista disso, o universo de pesquisa abrangeu, além dos estudantes estrangeiros; as famílias e escolas gaúchas, participantes do programa; a organização responsável pelo intercâmbio escolhida para esse estudo, e as comunidades gaúchas que receberam esses jovens. Foram realizadas observações participantes e entrevistas com os intercambistas; com as famílias hospedeiras, com estudantes que haviam regressado a seus países de origem após participarem do intercâmbio, com as famílias gaúchas que já os haviam recebido e, também, com as escolas participantes. Os encontros promovidos pela Organização, destinados aos jovens, foram acompanhados pela pesquisadora. Além disso, foram coletados dados em redes sociais com o uso da internet. Através desta etnografia, foi possível perceber diferentes sentidos e significados evocados por esses jovens estrangeiros e pelas famílias gaúchas, o que indicou uma diversidade de motivações e projetos de vida dos diferentes participantes do programa. Essa diversidade, no entanto, convergia para a vivência de uma „experiência‟. Segundo os estudantes estrangeiros, essa experiência significou uma „busca de transformação de si‟, podendo ser entendida, inclusive, como a busca por um ritual de passagem. A Organização, por sua vez, se mostrou disposta a trabalhar a proposta do programa de maneira a proporcionar essa „passagem‟. O estudo revelou, também, o desejo das famílias gaúchas de estabelecer relações afetivas que ultrapassassem as barreiras nacionais e perdurassem após o intercâmbio. Com o retorno dos jovens a seus países, tornou-se evidente que redes de relacionamento entre os participantes da experiência haviam sido construídas, assim como uma rede entre grupo de jovens estrangeiros, e também destes com as famílias e comunidades hospedeiras. O grupo de intercambistas partilhava interesses, estilos de vida e as experiências de intercâmbio seguiram sendo compartilhadas através da internet. / High school intercultural exchange programs exist for over sixty years around the world and in Brazil for more than fifty. In order to make them happen, it is necessary a range of stakeholders, including youngsters, families, promoting institutions, communities, among others. This study is an anthropological analysis of the experiences of high school intercultural exchange programs of young foreigners in Brazil. The research base had families and schools from the state of Rio Grande do Sul, exchange students, the Organization chosen for the study and the community who received these youngsters. During the research, participating observations and interviews were made. The meetings and orientations for the exchange students sponsored by the Organization were monitored, as well as families and students in cities where they were living. Former exchange students who had already returned to their countries of origin were also interviewed, as well as their respective Brazilian families and the participating schools. Data were also collected from social networks through Internet. Based on this ethnography, it was possible to perceive different meanings evoked by these exchange students and by their Brazilian families. We observed that the different participants of the program had a diversity of motives and life projects; however converging on the living of an 'experience'. According to the exchange students studied, this experience came as a search to 'transform themselves' thus it can be even understood as the search for a rite of passage. The Organization also showed to be willing to apply the program proposal so as to provide this 'passage' to the youngsters, which, in turn, requires the need for community networks to provide support to the experience. The study also revealed the desire of the families studied to establish relationships that could go beyond national boundaries continuing after the exchange period. After the exchange students returned to their countries, we observed the construction of relationship networks among the exchange students, as well as a network of people (youngsters and families) who shared the same interests, lifestyles and exchange experiences in different parts of the world through this Organization.