O presente estudo é uma análise antropológica sobre as experiências de jovens estudantes estrangeiros que participaram de programa de intercâmbio cultural escolar no RS. Programas com esta finalidade existem há mais de sessenta anos no mundo e há mais de cinquenta no Brasil. Para o programa de intercâmbio ocorrer, vários atores interagem: os jovens estrangeiros (intercambistas), as famílias hospedeiras, as organizações promotoras e as comunidades hospedeiras entre outros. Em vista disso, o universo de pesquisa abrangeu, além dos estudantes estrangeiros; as famílias e escolas gaúchas, participantes do programa; a organização responsável pelo intercâmbio escolhida para esse estudo, e as comunidades gaúchas que receberam esses jovens. Foram realizadas observações participantes e entrevistas com os intercambistas; com as famílias hospedeiras, com estudantes que haviam regressado a seus países de origem após participarem do intercâmbio, com as famílias gaúchas que já os haviam recebido e, também, com as escolas participantes. Os encontros promovidos pela Organização, destinados aos jovens, foram acompanhados pela pesquisadora. Além disso, foram coletados dados em redes sociais com o uso da internet. Através desta etnografia, foi possível perceber diferentes sentidos e significados evocados por esses jovens estrangeiros e pelas famílias gaúchas, o que indicou uma diversidade de motivações e projetos de vida dos diferentes participantes do programa. Essa diversidade, no entanto, convergia para a vivência de uma „experiência‟. Segundo os estudantes estrangeiros, essa experiência significou uma „busca de transformação de si‟, podendo ser entendida, inclusive, como a busca por um ritual de passagem. A Organização, por sua vez, se mostrou disposta a trabalhar a proposta do programa de maneira a proporcionar essa „passagem‟. O estudo revelou, também, o desejo das famílias gaúchas de estabelecer relações afetivas que ultrapassassem as barreiras nacionais e perdurassem após o intercâmbio. Com o retorno dos jovens a seus países, tornou-se evidente que redes de relacionamento entre os participantes da experiência haviam sido construídas, assim como uma rede entre grupo de jovens estrangeiros, e também destes com as famílias e comunidades hospedeiras. O grupo de intercambistas partilhava interesses, estilos de vida e as experiências de intercâmbio seguiram sendo compartilhadas através da internet. / High school intercultural exchange programs exist for over sixty years around the world and in Brazil for more than fifty. In order to make them happen, it is necessary a range of stakeholders, including youngsters, families, promoting institutions, communities, among others. This study is an anthropological analysis of the experiences of high school intercultural exchange programs of young foreigners in Brazil. The research base had families and schools from the state of Rio Grande do Sul, exchange students, the Organization chosen for the study and the community who received these youngsters. During the research, participating observations and interviews were made. The meetings and orientations for the exchange students sponsored by the Organization were monitored, as well as families and students in cities where they were living. Former exchange students who had already returned to their countries of origin were also interviewed, as well as their respective Brazilian families and the participating schools. Data were also collected from social networks through Internet. Based on this ethnography, it was possible to perceive different meanings evoked by these exchange students and by their Brazilian families. We observed that the different participants of the program had a diversity of motives and life projects; however converging on the living of an 'experience'. According to the exchange students studied, this experience came as a search to 'transform themselves' thus it can be even understood as the search for a rite of passage. The Organization also showed to be willing to apply the program proposal so as to provide this 'passage' to the youngsters, which, in turn, requires the need for community networks to provide support to the experience. The study also revealed the desire of the families studied to establish relationships that could go beyond national boundaries continuing after the exchange period. After the exchange students returned to their countries, we observed the construction of relationship networks among the exchange students, as well as a network of people (youngsters and families) who shared the same interests, lifestyles and exchange experiences in different parts of the world through this Organization.

This three-paper dissertation examines the curriculum for a Language and Cultural Exchange (LACE) course from three different perspectives through a lens of Transformative Learning (TL). The first paper, found in chapter 2, is a design case chronicling the design decisions that were made in the process of transforming a LACE course from a face-to-face learning environment to an online learning environment. The second paper considers how to measure TL and applies a rubric for TL to student work across an entire semester. The final paper dives deep into one particular activity, related to academic integrity, to evaluate if small interventions, intentionally designed, can lead to TL through attitudinal change. When considered together, all three papers point to the possibility of measuring TL, the effectiveness of small educational interventions that are easy to implement in a classroom, and several key questions instructional designers should address when they are designing for TL. <br>

A presente dissertação relata uma experiência de intercâmbio cultural entre educandos de uma escola pública da cidade de São Paulo e educandos de um assentamento do Movimento dos Sem Terra na cidade de Itaberá-SP, por meio da arte, da leitura e da escrita, baseada em teorias de ensino-aprendizagem em educação e arte. Esta proposta, inspirada no Programa Escolas-Irmãs (uma vertente da Mobilização Social do Programa Fome Zero do Governo Federal), visa conhecer como os educandos da cidade e do campo se expressam, através da arte, da leitura e da escrita, mediante a troca de correspondências, e possibilitar aos educandos uma integração e respeito mútuo. A iniciativa do projeto de intercâmbio partiu do ensino da arte e ocorreu no decorrer do ano letivo de 2007, sem envolvimento com toda a comunidade escolar, portanto trata-se de um recorte sobre o ensino da arte e apenas aponta um caminho que não se esgota nesta pesquisa. / This dissertation reports an experience of cultural exchanges between students of a public school in the Sao Paulo city and students of a Landless Movements settlement in the city of Itaberá-SP. Through art, reading and writing, based on theories of teaching-learning in education and art. This proposal, based on the Schools Program-sisters (one aspect of the Zero Hunger Programs Social Mobilization from Federal Governments), is known as the students from the city and the field are expressed through art, reading and writing, through the exchange of correspondence, and enable to students integration and mutual respect. The exchange project initiative started the teaching of art and occurred during the academic year of 2007, without involvement with the entire school community, therefore it is a cut on the teaching of art and only shows a path that goes beyond this search.

A presente dissertação relata uma experiência de intercâmbio cultural entre educandos de uma escola pública da cidade de São Paulo e educandos de um assentamento do Movimento dos Sem Terra na cidade de Itaberá-SP, por meio da arte, da leitura e da escrita, baseada em teorias de ensino-aprendizagem em educação e arte. Esta proposta, inspirada no Programa Escolas-Irmãs (uma vertente da Mobilização Social do Programa Fome Zero do Governo Federal), visa conhecer como os educandos da cidade e do campo se expressam, através da arte, da leitura e da escrita, mediante a troca de correspondências, e possibilitar aos educandos uma integração e respeito mútuo. A iniciativa do projeto de intercâmbio partiu do ensino da arte e ocorreu no decorrer do ano letivo de 2007, sem envolvimento com toda a comunidade escolar, portanto trata-se de um recorte sobre o ensino da arte e apenas aponta um caminho que não se esgota nesta pesquisa. / This dissertation reports an experience of cultural exchanges between students of a public school in the Sao Paulo city and students of a Landless Movements settlement in the city of Itaberá-SP. Through art, reading and writing, based on theories of teaching-learning in education and art. This proposal, based on the Schools Program-sisters (one aspect of the Zero Hunger Programs Social Mobilization from Federal Governments), is known as the students from the city and the field are expressed through art, reading and writing, through the exchange of correspondence, and enable to students integration and mutual respect. The exchange project initiative started the teaching of art and occurred during the academic year of 2007, without involvement with the entire school community, therefore it is a cut on the teaching of art and only shows a path that goes beyond this search.

O tema deste trabalho é a inter-relação de compositores eruditos com culturas musicais ao redor do mundo, a partir do século XX. O foco incide nos aspectos composicionais que se desenvolveram a partir desse intercâmbio. O recorte principal da pesquisa é a produção dos compositores brasileiros, a partir dos anos 1980. Adicionalmente, foram comentados outros períodos, para tratar dos processos envolvidos nas inter-relações culturais de forma mais ampla, seja em termos de inspiração, influência, apropriação e representação de elementos dessas culturas, seja no que tange à questões conceituais de afetividade, originalidade, autenticidade, identidade e dominação sociocultural. Com esse intuito, primeiramente, debateram-se impasses relacionados aos modos de interrelação e de incorporação e às terminologias encontradas na literatura. Em seguida, foi proposto um panorama contextual das ocorrências desses intercâmbios no repertório erudito, nacional e internacional. Finalmente, apresenta-se uma série de análises de obras de autores brasileiros, compostas nos últimos 35 anos. Pretende-se demonstrar que - num contexto de extrema interação cultural, emaranhado pela pluralidade de ideias relacionadas aos processos de globalização - tanto as possibilidades criativas quanto a discussão crítica das questões decorrentes desses encontros entre culturas se expandem em igual proporção, seja em sua potencialidade e complexidade, seja em seu caráter paradoxal e de controvérsia. / The theme of this work is the interrelation of art music composers with musical cultures around the world, from the 20th century onwards. The focus concerns on the compositional aspects that were developed from this exchange. The main research cutting is the production of the Brazilian composers from the 80s. Additionally, other periods were commented on, to deal with the processes involved in the cultural interrelations in a broader way, be it in terms of inspiration, influence, appropriation and representation of elements of theses cultures, or in what concerns to conceptual questions of affectivity, originality, authenticity, identity and sociocultural domination. For this purpose, primarily, bottlenecks related to the modes of interrelation and incorporation, as well as to the terminologies found in the literature were discussed. Next, a contextual panorama of the occurrences of these exchanges in the erudite repertoire, national and international, was proposed. Finally, a series of Brazilian authors\' work analyses is presented, composed in the last 35 years. It is intended to demonstrate that both the creative possibilities and the critical discussion of the issues arising from these encounters among cultures expand in equal proportion, be it in its potentiality and complexity, or in its paradoxical and controversial character. And that happens in a context of extreme cultural interaction, entangled by the plurality of ideas related to the processes of globalization.

O tema deste trabalho é a inter-relação de compositores eruditos com culturas musicais ao redor do mundo, a partir do século XX. O foco incide nos aspectos composicionais que se desenvolveram a partir desse intercâmbio. O recorte principal da pesquisa é a produção dos compositores brasileiros, a partir dos anos 1980. Adicionalmente, foram comentados outros períodos, para tratar dos processos envolvidos nas inter-relações culturais de forma mais ampla, seja em termos de inspiração, influência, apropriação e representação de elementos dessas culturas, seja no que tange à questões conceituais de afetividade, originalidade, autenticidade, identidade e dominação sociocultural. Com esse intuito, primeiramente, debateram-se impasses relacionados aos modos de interrelação e de incorporação e às terminologias encontradas na literatura. Em seguida, foi proposto um panorama contextual das ocorrências desses intercâmbios no repertório erudito, nacional e internacional. Finalmente, apresenta-se uma série de análises de obras de autores brasileiros, compostas nos últimos 35 anos. Pretende-se demonstrar que - num contexto de extrema interação cultural, emaranhado pela pluralidade de ideias relacionadas aos processos de globalização - tanto as possibilidades criativas quanto a discussão crítica das questões decorrentes desses encontros entre culturas se expandem em igual proporção, seja em sua potencialidade e complexidade, seja em seu caráter paradoxal e de controvérsia. / The theme of this work is the interrelation of art music composers with musical cultures around the world, from the 20th century onwards. The focus concerns on the compositional aspects that were developed from this exchange. The main research cutting is the production of the Brazilian composers from the 80s. Additionally, other periods were commented on, to deal with the processes involved in the cultural interrelations in a broader way, be it in terms of inspiration, influence, appropriation and representation of elements of theses cultures, or in what concerns to conceptual questions of affectivity, originality, authenticity, identity and sociocultural domination. For this purpose, primarily, bottlenecks related to the modes of interrelation and incorporation, as well as to the terminologies found in the literature were discussed. Next, a contextual panorama of the occurrences of these exchanges in the erudite repertoire, national and international, was proposed. Finally, a series of Brazilian authors\' work analyses is presented, composed in the last 35 years. It is intended to demonstrate that both the creative possibilities and the critical discussion of the issues arising from these encounters among cultures expand in equal proportion, be it in its potentiality and complexity, or in its paradoxical and controversial character. And that happens in a context of extreme cultural interaction, entangled by the plurality of ideas related to the processes of globalization.

<p>This dissertation examines space as a privileged yet <italic>repressed</italic> site of cultural production in a global America, in response to ongoing attempts to reconfigure American literary and cultural studies through the lens of globalization, postnationality, worlding, and planetarity, and to build conversations between literature, the arts, and space. Drawing its inspiration from Henri Lefebvre's work on the production of social space and Fredric Jameson's theory of postmodern global culture, this project studies globalization with a particular emphasis on its unique spatial apparatus, which through geographical expansion and contraction and worldwide connection and disconnection produces hitherto unprecedented social spaces, including most notably the global city, virtual space, transnational diasporas, postmodern architecture, and the "non-places" of shopping malls, airports, and highways. I discuss how these global social spaces radically alter our experience of the lifeworld (<italic>Lebenswelt</italic>) and transform our representational practices, by analyzing innovative contemporary cultural forms such as literary theory (Jameson, Derrida, Adorno, and Deleuze), deconstructive architecture (Peter Eisenman), video art (Nam June Paik), diasporic writing (Theresa Hak Kyung Cha), postmodern detective fiction (Paul Auster), the cyberpunk novel (William Gibson).</p> <p>While I thus mediate global spatial production and cultural production, I argue that the predominant focus on deterritorialization, disjuncture, and postspatiality in much of contemporary discourse on globalization oftentimes diverts our attention from the complex mechanism whereby the spatial world system of globalization brings the entire globe into its all-encompassing and totalizing force field. I formulate the concept of a <italic>spatial unconscious</italic> in order to address the salient, though repressed, presence of the totalizing spatial logic of global capitalism that underlies contemporary cultural production. In so doing, I demonstrate that diverse contemporary literary and cultural forms have their conditions of possibility the newly emergent global spatial network of cultural flows and exchanges; and that those literary and cultural forms function as symbolic acts or registering apparatuses that reflect, remap, and reimagine the multifaceted and even contradictory spatial configurations of the world today. By bringing a transnational and interdisciplinary perspective to American literary studies, this study seeks to shift our critical attention from a putatively unitary and homogeneous national literature towards manifold cultural loci crisscrossed by dynamic interplays and fluid interchanges amongst multiple axes and nodal points on the globe.</p> / Dissertation

Ces cinquante dernières années, le cinéma ouest-africain francophone reste largement tributaire de l'aide financière accordée par la France pour continuer de produire leurs films. Cette relation entre la France et l'industrie cinématographique africaine fait aujourd’hui du pays de la langue de Molière le plus grand producteur et consommateur de ce cinéma et ouvre les portes du marché français, européen et international à ces réalisateurs d'Afrique de l'Ouest. Parallèlement, les différentes tentatives entreprises par la France, en collaboration avec certains pays africains francophones, de créer une industrie cinématographique durable au niveau national et régional continuent d’échouer, entrainant d'une description de cette industrie cinématographique comme « un cinéma invisible ». Peu d’études ont été réalisées sur le sujet ou sur des thèmes particuliers tels que la complexité des conditions industrielles transnationales dans lesquelles ce cinéma est produit et diffusé ou les effets de cette intervention française sur la visibilité de ce cinéma au marché intérieur en Afrique. En examinant ce phénomène, cette dissertation sera dédiée à la création d'un cadre pour examiner les relations et les luttes de pouvoirs des réalisateurs africains au niveau national aussi bien qu’international, en prenant en considération les effets des facteurs sociaux, économiques et culturels sur l'industrie cinématographique ouest-africaine. Cette analyse tiendra compte de l'histoire coloniale, du présent postcolonial, mais aussi des effets qui émergent actuellement des flux de la mondialisation. / For over fifty years, Francophone West African (FWA) celluloid art cinema has remained reliant on international support from France, which, as a self-proclaimed champion of art cinema in the global arena, remains the FWA film industry's primary producer and consumer. At the same time, the various attempts to create a sustainable, domestic industry in the region continue to fail, and international interest in this cinema is on the wane, leading to the description of this industry as “an invisible cinema”. There remains only scant scholarship examining the complexities of the transnational industrial conditions in which this cinema is being produced and circulated, with even fewer studies committed to interrogating the effect of this French investment on the way this industry engages with its domestic market. This thesis has been designed to redress this gap in scholarship by taking into consideration all the levels on which this cinema participates in processes of transnational cultural exchange with France, examining the political, economic and ideological power relations that these processes engender. By considering how the FWA industry has been shaped by social, economic and cultural forces, connected not only to the region’s colonial history and present relationship with France, but also to emerging effects of contemporary global flows, this thesis uses critical transnationalism to address pertinent questions regarding the dynamics of this North/South partnership and its impact on the development of the FWA industry today.

Cette thèse cherche à montrer comment au Vietnam, l’architecture et l’urbanisme relèvent de la rencontre de deux cultures, celle du colonisateur et celle du colonisé. L’enjeu est de mettre en lumière la diversité des échanges culturels – expressions et significations – à travers le bâti, en procédant à une étude critique de l’idée selon laquelle l’architecture et l’urbanisme seraient uniquement des instruments du pouvoir colonial. Nous avons cherché à identifier les conditions de production et d’utilisation du bâti pour appréhender la complexité et la diversité des phénomènes à l’œuvre. Nous avons privilégié trois approches. La première concerne l’étude des acteurs et de la circulation des savoirs qui nous permet d’envisager les différents discours et théories qui ont existé autour de l’architecture métissée, ainsi que leur réception. La seconde prend en considération les politiques de gestion de l’espace urbain en s’attachant à mettre en valeur les négociations et les résistances au projet d’encadrement colonial. Enfin le troisième volet se place au niveau de l’articulation des enjeux techniques et sociaux et permet de mettre au jour les mécanismes constitutifs de cette architecture interculturelle. / This dissertation aims to demonstrate how the history of architecture and town planning in Vietnam became enmeshed in the encounter of two cultures: that of the colonized and that of the colonizer. The goal is to first examine the diversity of cultural exchanges – both their manifestations and meanings – through the built environment, and then provide a critique of the idea equating architecture and colonial power. In order to consider the diversity and the complexity of the phenomenon at work, this dissertation identifies the conditions of production and use of the built environment. This study privileges three approaches. The first considers the actors and the circulation of knowledge so as to explore the construction and the reception of the different discourses and theories that enveloped hybrid architecture. The second approach takes into account the politics of administrating urban space by emphasizing the negotiations and the resistance to the colonial project of construction and enclosure. Finally the third part analyzes the articulations between social and technical issues, which reveal the mechanisms constitutive of this intercultural architecture.

L’échange sino-occidental constitue un phénomène majeur de notre ère. Il s’étend des parties importantes de l’économie et de la politique à l’art, la philosophie et la littérature. Depuis l’ouverture de la Chine dans les années 1980, c’est d’abord la France qui est devenue pays d’accueil pour des intellectuels et des étudiants d’origine chinoise dits ‘dissidents‘, facilitant un nouvel échange d’idées plus direct. La thèse aborde le sujet de l’interculturalité d’intellectuels chinois de la sorte dans le contexte littéraire du roman franco-chinois, ainsi traitant une partie importante des relations interculturelles : par la publication de leurs œuvres, les romanciers initient un vaste échange culturel avec leurs lecteurs en liant leur monde d’idées chinois à la civilisation française. L’approche méthodologique est basée sur la notion de culture comme un système ouvert et dynamique qui est développé et élargi de manière continue par les êtres humains : en considérant le système culturel comme un grand ‘texte’ général, Clifford Geertz attribue un statut textuel à tous les cadres culturels et souligne le caractère interprétatif du système culturel comme un réseau de pratiques et de discours auquel les acteurs font référence et qu’ils développent et modifient en tant que participants actifs. De cette façon, un texte littéraire est d’un côté lui-même élément d’un système textuel. D’un autre côté, il fait partie de la création du grand ‘texte de la culture’ en interprétant et en exposant le système culturel en question. La thèse prend en compte ces qualités d’un texte littéraire de la manière suivante: elle comprend d’abord les textes en tant que résultats d’une évolution socio-culturelle. Ensuite, elle les conçoit comme des modes de représentation et d’interprétation d’un système interculturel.Les romans de cinq écrivains exemplaires, dont les œuvres sont considérées comme particulièrement pertinentes quant à une thématique de l’interculturel, constituent la base textuelle du projet. Il s’agit de François Cheng, Gao Xingjian, Dai Sijie, Ya Ding et Shan Sa, qui ont rédigé leurs romans sous l’influence de trois phénomènes contextuels majeurs : le souvenir commun de la Chine, l’expérience de l’exil et la confrontation avec le monde littéraire français. / Intercultural relations between China and the Occident have become a vital phenomenon of our age. They range from dealings in major areas of economy and politics to interactions in the visual arts, literature and philosophy. Since the Opening of China during the 1980s, France, in particular, has become the primary destination for dissident intellectuals and students of Chinese origin, a fact which has facilitated a new direct exchange of ideas. This thesis deals with the interculturalism of those very intellectuals in the literary context of the Franco-Chinese novel, hence addressing a key area of this new interculturalism: the authors generate a substantial cultural contact by publishing their works in France, thus linking their Chinese world of thoughts to French culture.The methodological approach is based on the notion of culture as an entity undergoing permanent development caused by human beings who are perceived as participants in the process. Defining culture as ‘text’, Clifford Geertz assigns textual status to all cultural phenomena, thereby emphasizing the interpretative nature of culture as a network of practices and discourses being permanently changed and refined. Literary texts are on the one hand partial elements of this network themselves; on the other hand, they also participate in the productive process by representing and interpreting the bigger text of culture. The thesis accounts for those properties of literary texts by first investigating them as results of a cultural development and subsequently comprehending them as a form of intercultural representation and interpretation.The text corpus of the analysis has been built on the basis of the works of five exemplary writers: François Cheng, Gao Xingjian, Dai Sijie, Ya Ding and Shan Sa. Showing particular pertinence with respect to the subject matter, their intercultural dimension is shaped by three major contextual phenomena: the shared memory of China, the exile experience and the confrontation with the French world of publishing.