A dissertação estuda a relação das políticas patrimoniais do Centro Antigo de Curitiba com o processo de planejamento urbano da capital paranaense. O período estudado parte da elaboração de planos urbanísticos pelos arquitetos Jorge Wilheim, Jaime Lerner, Cyro Corrêa Lyra e por urbanistas do Instituto de Pesquisa e Planejamento Urbano de Curitiba (IPPUC), entre 1965 e 1970, e se estende até a implantação dos planos durante as duas primeiras gestões de Jaime Lerner como prefeito, entre 1971e 1983. É nesse contexto que o Centro Antigo de Curitiba passa por revitalizações e ações de reconhecimento e proteção do seu patrimônio urbano, como: a criação do Setor Histórico de Curitiba e o tombamento da Paisagem Urbana da Rua XV de Novembro; e ainda intervenções viárias, de pedestrianização, e de revitalização, as quais visavam introduzir usos voltados ao turismo, cultura e lazer. Tais intervenções foram executadas em um cenário político e econômico favorável a grandes obras urbanísticas, durante o Regime Militar, as quais foram caracterizadas pela utilização de diversas estratégias políticas, técnicas e de city-marketing, com o intuito de atrair investidores, indústrias e turistas para dinamizar a economia do município. Ao longo dessa trajetória, porém, diversas tensões, contradições e conflitos são evidenciados, como a exclusão de bens e áreas importantes para a história da cidade do perímetro de proteção do Setor Histórico; demolições e alargamentos viários; a remoção de usos populares e moradores das áreas revitalizadas; e ainda os fortes embates com a população local. Empreendemos, então, nossos esforços para compreender, analisar e discutir essas questões, apoiando-se fortemente na revisão bibliográfica de autores da historiografia da preservação do patrimônio cultural e do planejamento urbano, em fontes primárias de documentos e em entrevistas com alguns dos principais agentes envolvidos. Desse modo, a pesquisa se insere no âmbito das discussões relativas à preservação de conjuntos históricos no Brasil, e proporciona uma contribuição especial para a avaliação da articulação entre as políticas patrimoniais e o planejamento urbano no contexto brasileiro. / The dissertation studies the relationship between the cultural heritage policies of the historic center of Curitiba and the urban planning process of the capital of Paraná. The period studied starts from the elaboration of urban plans prepared by architects such as Jorge Wilheim, Jaime Lerner, Cyro Corrêa Lyra and by urban planners from the Institute of Urban Planning and Research of Curitiba (IPPUC), between1965 and 1970. The period studied also includes the implementation of plans during the first administrations of the Mayor Jaime Lerner, between 1971 and 1983. It was in this context that the historic center underwent revitalizations and actions to recognize and to protect its urban heritage, which includes: the creation and protection of the Historical Sector of Curitiba by the municipality; the protection of the Urban Landscape of XV de Novembro street by the state government; and also architectural and urban interventions to order the road system, to pedestrianize some central streets and to ennoble revitalized areas through the introduction of touristic, cultural and leisure uses. These interventions were carried out in a favorable political and economic context to large urban projects, during the Military Regime, which were characterized by several political, technical and city-marketing strategies, with the purpose of attracting investors, industries and tourists to develop the economy of the municipality. Throughout this trajectory, however, some tensions, contradictions and conflicts are evidenced, such as the exclusion of important areas for urban history from the protection perimeter of the Historical Sector; demolitions to prioritize the road system; removal of popular uses and residents from the revitalized areas; and strong conflicts with the local population. We undertake our efforts to understand, analyze and discuss these issues, strongly supported by the bibliographical review of authors of historiography of the conservation of cultural heritage and urban planning, primary sources of documents and interviews with some of the main actors involved. In this way, the research is considered part of the discussion on conservation of historical sites in Brazil, and provides a special contribution to the evaluation of the articulation between heritage policies and urban planning.

A dissertação estuda a relação das políticas patrimoniais do Centro Antigo de Curitiba com o processo de planejamento urbano da capital paranaense. O período estudado parte da elaboração de planos urbanísticos pelos arquitetos Jorge Wilheim, Jaime Lerner, Cyro Corrêa Lyra e por urbanistas do Instituto de Pesquisa e Planejamento Urbano de Curitiba (IPPUC), entre 1965 e 1970, e se estende até a implantação dos planos durante as duas primeiras gestões de Jaime Lerner como prefeito, entre 1971e 1983. É nesse contexto que o Centro Antigo de Curitiba passa por revitalizações e ações de reconhecimento e proteção do seu patrimônio urbano, como: a criação do Setor Histórico de Curitiba e o tombamento da Paisagem Urbana da Rua XV de Novembro; e ainda intervenções viárias, de pedestrianização, e de revitalização, as quais visavam introduzir usos voltados ao turismo, cultura e lazer. Tais intervenções foram executadas em um cenário político e econômico favorável a grandes obras urbanísticas, durante o Regime Militar, as quais foram caracterizadas pela utilização de diversas estratégias políticas, técnicas e de city-marketing, com o intuito de atrair investidores, indústrias e turistas para dinamizar a economia do município. Ao longo dessa trajetória, porém, diversas tensões, contradições e conflitos são evidenciados, como a exclusão de bens e áreas importantes para a história da cidade do perímetro de proteção do Setor Histórico; demolições e alargamentos viários; a remoção de usos populares e moradores das áreas revitalizadas; e ainda os fortes embates com a população local. Empreendemos, então, nossos esforços para compreender, analisar e discutir essas questões, apoiando-se fortemente na revisão bibliográfica de autores da historiografia da preservação do patrimônio cultural e do planejamento urbano, em fontes primárias de documentos e em entrevistas com alguns dos principais agentes envolvidos. Desse modo, a pesquisa se insere no âmbito das discussões relativas à preservação de conjuntos históricos no Brasil, e proporciona uma contribuição especial para a avaliação da articulação entre as políticas patrimoniais e o planejamento urbano no contexto brasileiro. / The dissertation studies the relationship between the cultural heritage policies of the historic center of Curitiba and the urban planning process of the capital of Paraná. The period studied starts from the elaboration of urban plans prepared by architects such as Jorge Wilheim, Jaime Lerner, Cyro Corrêa Lyra and by urban planners from the Institute of Urban Planning and Research of Curitiba (IPPUC), between1965 and 1970. The period studied also includes the implementation of plans during the first administrations of the Mayor Jaime Lerner, between 1971 and 1983. It was in this context that the historic center underwent revitalizations and actions to recognize and to protect its urban heritage, which includes: the creation and protection of the Historical Sector of Curitiba by the municipality; the protection of the Urban Landscape of XV de Novembro street by the state government; and also architectural and urban interventions to order the road system, to pedestrianize some central streets and to ennoble revitalized areas through the introduction of touristic, cultural and leisure uses. These interventions were carried out in a favorable political and economic context to large urban projects, during the Military Regime, which were characterized by several political, technical and city-marketing strategies, with the purpose of attracting investors, industries and tourists to develop the economy of the municipality. Throughout this trajectory, however, some tensions, contradictions and conflicts are evidenced, such as the exclusion of important areas for urban history from the protection perimeter of the Historical Sector; demolitions to prioritize the road system; removal of popular uses and residents from the revitalized areas; and strong conflicts with the local population. We undertake our efforts to understand, analyze and discuss these issues, strongly supported by the bibliographical review of authors of historiography of the conservation of cultural heritage and urban planning, primary sources of documents and interviews with some of the main actors involved. In this way, the research is considered part of the discussion on conservation of historical sites in Brazil, and provides a special contribution to the evaluation of the articulation between heritage policies and urban planning.

Johansson, Evelina. 2018. Om- och tillbyggnationer samt renoveringar av Sankt Larskyrkan i Linköping   Johansson, Evelina. 2018. Reconstructions, extensions and renovations of St Lars Church in Linköping     St Lars Church is a white stone church located in central Linköping. In this thesis I will cover the processes behind the two most recent renovations of St Lars Church. The earlier of the two renovations was carried out in the 1950’s. The main purpose of this renovation was to literally prevent a total collapse of the church structure. Adding modern technology to the church was a priority at the most recent renovation in 2016, mainly in order to create an atmosphere which would make everyone feel welcome. I will also cover the media attention that these renovations attracted.   The material used in this thesis includes available literature, archive material, and interviews of key individuals from the most recent renovation. I have also visited the church to study the most recent renovation and gain insight into the excavations that were part of the process.   Historical records only describe the larger scaled renovations. This has led to a greater subjective valuation put into the decisions and discussions put forth during these processes. Individuals part of the historical renovations have consciously, or sub-consciously, been influenced by preceding historical ideas. Studying a historical period of time in the context of current influences lies at the hearth of the history of ideas, all the while understanding that absolute truths will never be discovered.

ABSTRACT LOCAL DYNAMICS IN THE PROCESS OF CONSERVATION AND RESTORATION PROJECTS IN KASTAMONU Aysu Kes M.Sc., Urban Policy Planning and Local Governments Supervisor: Assoc. Prof. Dr. Sibel Kalaycioglu January 2006, 102 pages The aim of this thesis is to understand the local participation dynamics in Turkey, especially in the cities with small populations. The conservation and restoration projects in Kastamonu were chosen as the case in order to achieve this aim. These projects include the restoration and reuse of historical/traditional houses in Turkey. The research was focused on the stakeholders in relation to these projects in order to be able to examine the social processes with regard to the local participation in Kastamonu. The major data collection method of this research was interviews with three groups of stakeholders. These stakeholders were the decision- makers, the owners of the houses, and the local people. For the research, 41 interviews were conducted in November 2004 in Kastamonu. The interviews included questions with regard to perceptions of the respondents about the issues of participation and decision- making dynamics, as well as the conception of sense of place, through the conservation and restoration processes. All these interviews were recorded and transcribed for discourse analysis. There are three major findings of this thesis. Firstly, the stakeholders do not have a consistent perception of what participation is. This leads to the second finding that the level of interaction and the level of participation are low among the stakeholders. Thirdly, the conservation and restoration projects in Kastamonu are perceived as economic investments by the vast majority of people. The heritage and cultural value of the houses are less frequently referred to.

Syftet med denna uppsats är att undersöka vad som skiljer de lämningar åt från kvarnverksamhet som inte finns i  Fornsök från de som är registrerade som kulturlämning. Historiskt kartmaterial har studerats för att försöka få en uppfattning om det är så att de inte platsar i ramen för en forn- kulturlämning, dvs tillkommen efter år 1850 och om det är därför de inte finns i registret. Alla lämningarna  från kvarnar i Forshälla socken går att återfinna på kartor före år 1850. Uppsatsen önskar också öka uppmärksamheten på denna typ av lämningar i skog och mark så att de erhåller ett starkare skydd när skogen ska avverkas. En analys har gjorts gällande var och en av lämningarna och miljön runt dessa och om de riskerar att skadas vid en avverkning av skogen. / The purpose of this essay is to investigate what distinguishes the remains from mill activities that are not found in Fornsök from those that are registered as cultural remains. Historical map material has been studied to try to get an idea of whether it is the case that they do not fit within the framework of an ancient cultural relic, i.e., added after the year 1850 and if that is why they are not in the register. All the remains from water mills in Forshälla parish can be found on maps before the year 1850. The essay also wishes to increase attention to this type of remains in forest and land so they can receive stronger protection when the forest is cut down. An analysis has been made of each of the remains and the environment around them and whether they are at risk of damage when the forest is harvested.

This thesis investigates the crossover from and intersection between tangible and intangible heritage in the context of World Heritage. Since the start of the twenty-first century, intangible heritage has become increasingly important in international cultural heritage conservation theory and practice. In heritage literature, intangible heritage has been theorized in relation to tangible or built heritage, thereby extending the definition of cultural heritage to consider a holistic perspective. New heritage conservation instruments have been created for the protection of intangible heritage, such as most prominently the 2003 UNESCO Convention for the Safeguarding of the Intangible Cultural Heritage. The changing conception of cultural heritage that goes beyond tangible heritage has also influenced existing instruments like the 1972 UNESCO Convention concerning the protection of the World Cultural and Natural Heritage. The thesis studies how intangible heritage has been recognized and interpreted in implementing the concept of cultural heritage as defined by the World Heritage Convention. It examines the historical development of the concept of World Cultural Heritage with the aim of tracing the construction of intangible heritage in this context. The thesis consists of six chapters. The introduction sets out the research problem and research question. In the literature review, international cultural heritage conservation is portrayed as the research context, the knowledge gap between World Heritage and intangible heritage is identified and an understanding of the research problem deepened, and methods from similar research in the subject area are presented. The methodology in the third chapter describes choices made concerning the research paradigm, research approach and strategy, the use of concepts and illustrative examples, as well as data collection and analysis methods. Knowledge is constructed using primarily a historical approach and related methods. Through the analysis of pertinent documents and heritage discourses, an understanding of the concept of intangible heritage is developed and the concept of World Cultural Heritage is investigated. In the fourth chapter, intangible heritage is studied by looking at specific cultural heritage discourses, that is, a scientific, a UNESCO, and an ICOMOS discourse. Intangible heritage is theorized in relation to the concepts of tangible heritage, heritage value, and cultural heritage. Knowledge gained in this chapter serves as a theoretical lens to trace the recognition of and tease out interpretations of intangible heritage in the context of implementing the concept of World Cultural Heritage. The results are presented in chapter five. A historical development is portrayed in five time periods and for the concepts of cultural heritage, Outstanding Universal Value, the criteria to assess World Heritage value, and authenticity. The conclusion summarizes the main outcomes, assesses the thesis’ contribution to scientific knowledge as well as its limitations, and outlines possible further research. The main results include the identification of the term intangible heritage as an indicator for a paradigm shift and a new approach to conceiving cultural heritage in international cultural heritage conservation. By focusing on processes and the living relationship between people and their environment or place, intangible heritage emphasizes the anthropological. In the context of this conception, intangible heritage takes on two meanings. First, value is attributed by people and hence, is inherently immaterial. Secondly, place is constituted of a tangible-intangible continuum in terms of attributes. A paradigm shift and increasing recognition of an anthropological approach to cultural heritage were identified for all discourses, that is, UNESCO, ICOMOS, the scientific field, and World Heritage. For World Heritage, intangible heritage was recognized indirectly in terms of historical associations during the 1970s and 1980s. The anthropological shift occurred in the early 1990s. The term intangible was introduced and the meaning of intangible heritage was extended to include cultural associations. The subsequent decade is characterized by a process of internalization and implementation of the new approach to cultural heritage. The 2003 Intangible Cultural Heritage Convention created momentum. By the early 2010s, while not explicitly recognizing the immaterial character of values, a holistic approach to cultural heritage was fully endorsed that considers the idea of intangible attributes as carriers of values. An understanding of the recognition of intangible heritage through the implementation of the World Heritage Convention and scientific research in general provide an important knowledge base for implementing the Convention in a more coherent, objective, and well-informed way. / Cette thèse étudie le croisement et l’intersection entre le patrimoine matériel et immatériel dans le contexte du patrimoine mondial. Depuis le début du vingt-et-unième siècle, le patrimoine immatériel est devenu de plus en plus important dans la théorie et la pratique de la conservation internationale du patrimoine culturel. Dans la littérature, le patrimoine immatériel a été théorisé par rapport au patrimoine matériel ou bâti et la définition du patrimoine culturel a été envisagée dans une perspective holistique. De nouveaux instruments de conservation du patrimoine ont été créés pour la protection du patrimoine immatériel, comme notamment la Convention pour la sauvegarde du patrimoine culturel immatériel de l’UNESCO de 2003. La conception du patrimoine culturel, qui va au-delà du patrimoine matériel, a également influencé des instruments existants comme la Convention concernant la protection du patrimoine mondial, culturel et naturel de l’UNESCO de 1972. La thèse étudie comment le patrimoine immatériel a été reconnu et interprété dans la mise en œuvre du concept du patrimoine culturel, tel que défini par la Convention du patrimoine mondial. Dans ce contexte, elle examine le développement historique de la notion du patrimoine mondial culturel dans le but de retracer la construction du patrimoine immatériel. La thèse se compose de six chapitres. L’introduction expose la problématique et la question de recherche. La revue de littérature dépeint la conservation internationale du patrimoine culturel comme contexte de recherche, identifie l’écart de connaissances entre le patrimoine mondial et le patrimoine immatériel en approfondissant une compréhension de la problématique, tout en présentant des méthodes de recherche similaires dans le domaine. La méthodologie du troisième chapitre décrit les choix faits concernant le paradigme de recherche, l’approche et la stratégie de recherche, l’utilisation des concepts et des exemples, ainsi que les méthodes de collecte et d’analyse des données. La connaissance est construite principalement en utilisant une approche historique et des méthodes qui lui sont reliées. La compréhension de la notion de patrimoine immatériel et l’étude du concept du patrimoine mondial culturel se basent sur l’analyse de documents pertinents et de discours du patrimoine. Le quatrième chapitre examine le patrimoine immatériel en regardant des discours spécifiques au patrimoine culturel, soit le discours scientifique, de l’UNESCO et de l’ICOMOS. Le patrimoine immatériel est théorisé par rapport aux concepts du patrimoine matériel, de la valeur du patrimoine et du patrimoine culturel. Les connaissances acquises dans ce chapitre servent de perspective théorique pour retracer la reconnaissance et clarifier les interprétations du patrimoine immatériel dans le contexte de la mise en œuvre du concept du patrimoine mondial culturel. Les résultats de cette analyse sont présentés dans le chapitre cinq. À travers cinq périodes différentes, une analyse historique retrace l’interprétation des concepts de patrimoine culturel, de valeur universelle exceptionnelle, ainsi que les critères d’évaluation de la valeur du patrimoine mondial et de l’authenticité. La conclusion résume les principaux résultats, évalue la contribution de la recherche à la connaissance scientifique, ainsi que ses limites, tout en décrivant d’autres avenues de recherches ultérieures. Les principaux résultats comprennent l’identification du terme de patrimoine immatériel comme l’indicateur d’un changement de paradigme et d’une nouvelle approche de la conception du patrimoine culturel dans la conservation internationale du patrimoine culturel. En se concentrant sur les processus et la relation continue entre les personnes et leur environnement ou le lieu, le patrimoine immatériel en souligne l’aspect anthropologique. Dans le cadre de cette conception, le patrimoine immatériel prend deux significations. Tout d’abord, la valeur est attribuée par les gens et par conséquent, est intrinsèquement immatérielle. Deuxièmement, le lieu est constitué d’un continuum matériel-immatériel en termes d’attributs. Un changement de paradigme et la reconnaissance croissante d’une approche anthropologique de patrimoine culturel ont été identifiés dans tous les discours, c’est-à-dire, ceux de l’UNESCO, de l’ICOMOS, le discours scientifique, et le patrimoine mondial. Dans le contexte du patrimoine mondial, le patrimoine immatériel a été reconnu indirectement en termes d’associations historiques durant les années 1970 et 1980. Le changement anthropologique se manifeste au début des années 1990. Le terme de patrimoine immatériel a été introduit dans le discours et sa signification a été élargie pour inclure les associations culturelles. La décennie suivante est caractérisée par un processus d’internalisation et de mise en œuvre de la nouvelle approche du patrimoine culturel. La Convention du patrimoine culturel immatériel de 2003 a créé une dynamique. Au début des années 2010, même si le caractère immatériel des valeurs n’est pas reconnu explicitement, une approche holistique du patrimoine culturel a été mise en œuvre, laquelle considère l’idée d’attributs immatériels comme porteurs de valeurs. Une compréhension de la reconnaissance du patrimoine immatériel à travers la mise en œuvre de la Convention du patrimoine mondial et de la recherche scientifique en général fournit une base de connaissances importante pour la mise en œuvre de la Convention d’une manière plus cohérente, objective, et mieux informée.