La mise en valeur des ressources naturelles et culturelles est l’une des priorités nationales pouvant concourir à l’éradication de la pauvreté. C’est dans ce cadre que se situe notre proposition de thèse. Après une présentation succincte des contextes géographiques et scientifiques, la méthodologie a été abordée, ainsi que le cadre conceptuel, les hypothèses et la problématique. Deux sous - préfectures nous semblent particulièrement intéressantes: la sous-préfecture de Mbaïki et celle de Bayanga. En effet, elles font partie du massif forestier du Sud - Ouest centrafricain, l’un des plus riches d’Afrique. Aux côtés des potentialités patrimoniales culturelles, ils constituent des potentialités touristiques. La forêt a toujours été une des composantes fondamentales du milieu de vie des populations du fait des produits de cueillette, de chasse et de bois qu’elles y récoltent et des inspirations culturelles qu’elles y puisent. Ces sanctuaires sont devenus des enjeux majeurs. C’est une réflexion que nous avore des retombée, cela n’est pas le cas, par contre il ya trop de plainte, la pauvreté sévie, ce qui entraine le sentiment de rejet du projet APDS. Dans ce sens, des efforts restent à faire au niveau du projet APDS ; le constat disparition progressive des pratiques et des modes de vie traditionnels__le constat de perte d’accès de la communauté rurale à leurs terres, leurs ressources et leurs sites sacrés__l'augmentation de la prévalence des maladies sexuellement transmissibles chez les communautés rurale ;_l’influence des populations locales sur les activités de la conservation. L’ensemble des communautés rurales vivent des problèmes identiques, tels que les restrictions d’accès aux forêts, les conditions de vie médiocres, le bouleversement des systèmes de valeurs, les relations de dominants à dominés avec le projet APDS. re thèse. Un certain nombre d’activités ont été réalisées dans ce sens. Pour mener à terme les investigations, nous avons procédé à 3 démarches méthodologique s’articulant autour de : recherche documentaire, observation sur le terrain et implication des populations locales dans le processus de collecte de données (interview, focus group et questionnaires) nous avons aussi utilisé la Méthode Accélérée de recherche Participative (MARP). Des illustrations (tableaux, planches et figures) et autres statistiques nous ont permis d'en ressortir des Résultats majeurs La localité de Mbéko a aussi ces particularités, la prise de conscience de la communauté rurale de Mbéko doit la protection et la définition d'une nouvelle utilisation de ces ressources naturelles. Pour ce, le développement des activités éco touristiques ont été retenues; la gestion du patrimoine se fait également d'une manière économique et d'un intérêt social. C'est un choix créatif et uni qui est guidé par des directeurs et des valeurs, et également une ambition partagée par la toute la communauté. Afin d'atteindre ce but, la communauté emploie tous les leviers existants pour le développement. La communauté a fait ses ressources naturelles et culturelles un héritage que des qualités sont considéré par toute la communauté comme ligne prioritaire de leur action qui est le développement touristique, un nouveau chapeau en termes de proximité et concerner de services la création d'emplois. Des activités de multiplication des espèces floristiques ont été faites, surtout les essences du groupe 1 telles que l’Ayous, Sipo des essences sur lesquelles les communautés ramassent des chenilles. / The development of the natural ressources and cultural is one of the national priorities being able to contribute to the eradication of poverty. It is within this framework that our proposal for a thesis is. After a brief presentation of the geographical and scientific contexts, methodology was approached, as well as the conceptual framework, the assumptions and the problems. Two pennies - prefectures seem to us particularly interesting: sub-prefecture of Mbaïki and that of Bayanga. Indeed, they belong to the main forest of Central African South-west, one of richest of Africa. At the sides of the cultural patrimonial potentialities, they constitute tourist potentialities. The forest was always one of the basic components of the medium of life of the populations because of the products of gathering, hunting and wood that they collect there and of the cultural inspirations that they draw there. These sanctuaries became major stakes. It is a reflection which we approached in our thesis entitled: “Tourist potentialities and heritages at the rural communities of Bayanga and Mbéko in Central African Republic: representations of the various actors and challenges”. The term of tourist potentialities is the whole of the resources whose development could in the future being source of Major Results the protection and the definition of a new use of these natural resources. For this, the development of the tourist éco activities were retained; the management of the heritage is also made economic manner and of a social interest. These is a creative and plain choice which are guided by directors and values, and also an ambition shared by the all community. In order to achieve this goal, the community uses all the existing levers for the development. The community made its natural resources and cultural a heritage that qualities are considered by all the priority community as line of contact their which is the tourist development, a new hat in terms of proximity and to relate to services job creation. Activities of multiplication of the floristic species were made, especially the petrols of group 1 such as Ayous, Sipo of the petrols on which the communities collect caterpillars. On the level of Bayanga, alities and heritages at the rural communities of Bayanga and Mbéko in Central African Republic: representations of the various actors and challenges”. The term of tourist potentialities is the whole of the resources whose development could in the future being source of profit, Recommendations of research To bring amendments to the legislation for a legal recognition of the usual soils of the village community to the level of Bayanga; To initiate a project of management associating eco-tourism and durable forestry holding, and to integrate Sangha - Sangha into the process in order to develop their knowledge and their culture as at Aka. To develop the communication skills near the rural community of Bayaganga. To initiate microphone - projects in order to contribute the whole of the perennating parts in management and effective protection of the cultural heritage and naturalness. To also re-examine the management system on the level ofMbéko, the research of the assistance or the co-operation thus allowing the support of the institutions through the technical assistance within the framework of the resolution of the difficulties of management, and also within the framework of support of the artisanal and agroalimentary activities likely to be to export, especially with commercial goal, that relates to thePFNL. alities and heritages at the rural communities of Bayanga and Mbéko in Central African Republic: representation [...]

Submitted by JOSIANE SANTOS DE OLIVEIRA (josianeso) on 2017-12-14T13:53:21Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Maria Claudia Rodrigues_.pdf: 6459197 bytes, checksum: b9507f7dffd8b378de456136a666721f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-12-14T13:53:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Maria Claudia Rodrigues_.pdf: 6459197 bytes, checksum: b9507f7dffd8b378de456136a666721f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-10-17 / Nenhuma / A tese investiga os processos de atribuição de significados e sentidos às propriedades, à natureza e aos produtos vinculadas ao turismo rural de Porto Alegre, capital do estado do Rio Grande do Sul – Brazil, na trajetória de transformação desses bens para uso do turismo. O corpus de análise compõe-se de quatro empreendimentos ligados a projetos de turismo agroecológico na zona sul do município de Porto Alegre: “Sítio Tio Juca”, “Sítio Herdeiros”, “Sítio Capororoca”, “Granja Santantonio”. O critério de escolha desses empreendimentos decorre das relações sociais de vizinhança e parentesco e por que iniciaram o projeto Caminhos Rurais de Porto Alegre como sócios fundadores da associação POARURAL. Trata-se de uma abordagem que se desenvolve na perspectiva metodológica da Análise Situacional, de Van Velsen (1987), e da perspectiva fenomenológica de Alfred Schutz (1979), em que se busca transitar de forma interdisciplinar por diversas áreas do conhecimento articulando diálogos, em particular: Turismo Rural, Patrimônio Cultural, Cidadania. Os resultados se direcionam a ideia de que o processo de produção do projeto Caminhos Rurais gera simultaneidades que produzem referentes de novos projetos e correspondências. Ao se organizarem em grupo na constituição de um produto turístico para Porto Alegre, esses atores acabam negociando identidades e promovendo novas ações de cidadania e passam a assumir diversas identidades. Observou-se a produção de uma “cultura agroecológica”, devido aos sentidos e intercâmbio de significados que ali são produzidos sobre a natureza, a paisagem, a agroecologia, os modos de vida. Na medida em que amplia o conceito de pedagogia pode-se intuir que os sítios produzem “agroecopedagogias”. Ao se posicionarem em uma “cultura agroecológica”, as lideranças avançam e problematizam o espaço em que estão inseridas propondo lógicas coletivas de ação que tratam de outras formas de fazer econômico, político, social e ambiental e possibilitam uma gestão participativa que estimula o debate horizontal fortalecendo a autonomia, a cooperação e os laços de sociabilidade entre associados e colaboradores do projeto. Esses atores se articulam a outros coletivos que empreendem propostas semelhantes e que buscam salvaguardar a paisagem, a natureza, a história e cultura locais em uma tentativa de minimizar os impactos que os programas de políticas públicas habitacionais trazem para a zona sul de Porto Alegre. / The thesis investigate the processes of attribution to the properties, nature and products associated to the rural tourism of Porto Alegre city, capital of Rio Grande do Sul State – Brazil, in the transformation journey of these assets into public patrimony and heritage for tourism purposes. The analysis corpus consists of four initiatives linked to agro-ecological tourism projects in the far south of the city: “Sítio Tio Juca”, “Sítio Herdeiros”, “Sítio Capororoca” and “Granja Santantonio”. The selection criteria of these sites derive from two main aspects: the neighborhood and kinship social relationships and the fact they started the project named Rural Paths of Porto Alegre (“Caminhos Rurais de Porto Alegre”) as founding members of the POARURAL association. It is an approach developed in the methodological perspective of Van Velsen´s Situational Analysis (1987) and in the phenomenological perspective of Alfred Schutz (1979), in which the purpose is to transit through and understand various areas of knowledge in a n interdisciplinary way, coordinating and strengthening dialogues, especially the Rural Tourism, Cultural Heritage and Citizenship. The results point to the idea that the product process of the Rural Paths project generate simultaneities that produce references for new projects and correspondences. By organizing themselves as a group in the constitution of a tourism product for Porto Alegre, these players end up negotiating identities and promoting new citizenship actions and turn to assume several identities. It was observed the formation of a agro-ecological culture due to the meanings and the exchange of these meanings about nature, landscape, agro-ecology and ways of life that are produced there. Extending the concept of pedagogy it is possible to intuit that these sites produce “agro-eco-pedagogies”. By positioning themselves in an "agro-ecological culture", the leaders advance and problematize, enquire the space in which they are inserted proposing collective logics of action that deal with other forms of economic, political, social and environmental making and allow a participative management that stimulates the horizontal debate strengthening the autonomy, cooperation and the bonds of sociability among associates and collaborators of the project. These players or actors articulate themselves with other groups that have similar proposals and seek to preserve the landscape, nature, history and local culture in an attempt to minimize the impacts that public housing programs bring to the southern area of Porto Alegre city.

La recherche menée dans le cadre de cette thèse a pour objet d'analyser et de comprendre les dynamiques émanant de la relation patrimoine religieux / espaces de montagne protégés (patrimoine naturel) en réinterrogeant la persistante rupture nature-culture et les significations du sacré dans le contexte patrimonial. Il s'agit aussi d'appréhender la nature et la signification des « lieux et bâtiments religieux », ainsi que leur rôle dans les processus de patrimonialisation et de réappropriation des espaces de montagne par les différents acteurs du territoire. Cette thèse de géographie s'inscrit dans la réflexion actuelle de redéfinition des missions des Parcs naturels et dans le mouvement de promotion de la notion de « paysage culturel » par les instances internationales (e.g. UNESCO). Le site du monastère de la Grande-Chartreuse (Parc naturel régional de la Chartreuse), la vallée de la Qadisha et la forêt des Cèdres de Dieu (Nord-Liban) sont apparus comme des terrains riches permettant de mener à bien cette recherche doctorale qui mêle géographie culturelle et espaces montagnards. L'approche qualitative a été privilégiée pour répondre à cette problématique. Cette recherche s'appuie ainsi sur la chronosystémique, l'analyse de la littérature viatique et de données collectées (rapports officiels, législations, cartographie, relevés de terrains, interviews etc.). / The aim of this research is to analyse and understand relationships between religious heritage and mountain protected areas (natural heritage). This research highlights the persistent boundaries between natural and cultural heritage and the meaning of the sacred in the heritage process.The meaning of “religious spaces, places and edifices” and the relationships between heritage / society / mountain areas and granting of heritage status have been studied. Recently, Natural Parks develop new missions and are interested by the “cultural landscape” concept developed by international authorise (e.g. UNESCO). What are the meaning and the significance of cultural and religious heritage in mountain protected areas? The studied areas are the Grande-Chartreuse monastery (French Alps), the Qadisha valley and the Forest of cedars of God (Northern Lebanon). Qualitative methodology has been chosen for this research, such as chronosystemic approach, textual analysis (tourist documents and travel books) and analysis of collected data (legislations, interviews, government reports, fieldwork, maps, etc.).