Modern turbomachines are designed towards thinner, lighter and highly loaded blades. This gives rise to increased sensitivity to flow induced vibrations such as flutter, which leads to structure failure in a short period of time if not sufficiently damped. Although numerical tools are more and more reliable, flutter prediction still depends on a large degree on simplified models. In addition, the critical nature of flutter, resulting in poor welldocumented real cases in the open literature, and the lack of experimental database typical of engine flows make its apprehension even more challenging. In that context, the present thesis is dedicated to study flutter in recent turbines through aerodynamic analysis of subsonic or supersonic flows in response to a prescribed vibratory mode of the structure. The objective is to highlight some mechanisms potentially responsible for flutter in order to be in better position when designing blades. The strategy consists in leading both experimental and numerical investigations. The experimental part is based on a worldwide unique annular turbine sector cascade employed for measuring the aeroelastic response by means of the aerodynamic influence coefficient technique. The cascade comprises seven low pressure gas turbine blades one of which can oscillate in a controlled way as a rigid body. Aeroelastic responses are measured at various mechanical and aerodynamic parameters: pure and combined modeshapes, reduced frequency, Mach number, incidence angle. In addition to turbulence level measurements, the database aims at assessing the influence of these parameters on the aerodynamic damping, at validating the linear combination principle and at providing input for numerical tools. The numerical part is based on unsteady computations linearized in the frequency domain and performed in the traveling wave mode. The focus is put on two industrial space turbines: 2D computations are performed on an integrally bladed disk, also called blisk; its very low viscous material damping results in complex motions with combined modes and extremely high reduced frequency. The blisk operates at low subsonic conditions without strong non-linearities. Although the blades have been predicted aeroelastically stable, an original methodology based on elementary decompositions of the blade motion is presented to identify the destabilizing movements. The results suggest that the so-called classical flutter is surprisingly prone to occur. Moreover, the aerodynamic damping has been found extremely sensitive to the interblade phase angle and cut-on/cut-off conditions.* 3D computations are then performed on a supersonic turbine, which features shockwaves and boundary layer separation. In contrast, the blade motion is of elementary nature, i.e. purely axial. The blades have been predicted aeroelastically unstable for backward traveling waves and stable for forward traveling waves. The low reduced frequencies allow quasi-steady analysis, which still account for flutter mechanisms: the shock wave motion establishes the boundary between stable and unstable configurations.

A fibrose hepática é o aspecto mais relevante e o mais importante determinante de morbimortalidade na hepatite C crônica (HCC). Historicamente, a biópsia hepática é o método de referência para avaliação da fibrose causada pela HCC, apesar de apresentar limitações. O estudo de marcadores não invasivos, que possam obviar a necessidade da biópsia, é uma área de constante interesse na hepatologia. Idealmente, a avaliação da fibrose hepática deveria ser acurada, simples, prontamente disponível, de baixo custo e informar sobre o prognóstico da patologia. Os marcadores não invasivos mais estudados são a elastografia hepática transitória (EHT) e os laboratoriais. A EHT já foi extensamente validada na HCC e está inserida na rotina de avaliação destes pacientes. Dentre os laboratoriais, existem diversos testes em continua experimentação e, até o momento, nenhum foi integrado à prática clínica no Brasil, embora já aplicados rotineiramente em outros países. O Enhanced Liver Fibrosis (ELF), um teste que dosa no soro ácido hialurônico, pró-peptídeo amino-terminal do colágeno tipo III e inibidor tissular da metaloproteinase 1, tem se mostrado bastante eficaz na detecção de fibrose hepática significativa e de cirrose na HCC. Neste estudo o ELF teve o seu desempenho avaliado em relação a biópsia hepática e demonstrou apresentar boa acurácia na detecção tanto de fibrose significativa quanto de cirrose. Na comparação com a EHT apresentou acurácia semelhante para estes mesmos desfechos, com significância estatística. No entanto, foi observada uma superestimação da fibrose com a utilização dos pontos de corte propostos pelo fabricante. Este achado está em acordo com a literatura, onde não há consenso sobre o melhor ponto de corte a ser empregado na prática clínica. Com a ampliação da casuística foi possível propor novos pontos de corte, através da análise clássica, com a biópsia hepática como padrão ouro. O resultado obtido vai ao encontro do observado por outros autores. Em seguida, os novos pontos de corte do ELF foram reavaliados sem que a biópsia hepática fosse a referência, através da análise de classes latentes. Mais uma vez o ELF apresentou bom desempenho, inclusive com melhora de suas sensibilidade e especificidade em comparação com a análise clássica, onde a biópsia hepática é a referência. Assim sendo, é possível concluir que o ELF é um bom marcador não invasivo de fibrose hepática. No entanto, para detecção de fibrose significativa e cirrose, deve ser considerada a aplicação na prática clínica dos novos pontos de corte aqui propostos. / Liver fibrosis is the most relevant issue concerning chronic hepatitis C (CHC) and determines its prognosis. Historically, liver biopsy has been the reference method for evaluating fibrosis related to CHC, though it presents many drawbacks. There is a continuing interest in the development of non invasive markers capable of replacing liver biopsy. The ideal surrogate for fibrosis evaluation should be accurate, simple, low cost and yield prognostic information. So far, the most well known non invasive methods are transient hepatic elastography (TE) and laboratory panels. TE has already been extensively validated and is integrated in patients routine. There is plenty of laboratory panels in continuing evaluation and some are already integrated in daily practice abroad. In Brasil, until the present moment, it is not a reality. Enhanced Liver Fibrosis (ELF) panel comprises the serum concentration of hyaluronic acid, tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases-1, and aminoterminal propeptide of type III procollagen and has demonstrated good performance in detecting significant fibrosis and cirrhosis in CHC patients. In the present study ELF had its performance evaluated against liver biopsy and obtained satisfactory accuracy in detecting significant fibrosis and cirrhosis. In comparison to TE no statistically significant diference was observed, for the same endpoints mentioned before. However, the application of manufacturers cutoff points produced overestimation of fibrosis stages. These findings are in accordance with other authors results, in that there is no consensus so far on the most adequate cutoff points for main clinical end points. Enlarging the data permited calculating new cutoff points, through the classical statistical approach, using liver biopsy as the gold standard. The results once more matched those published in literature. Following this, the ELF new cutoff points were evaluated in a statistical modeling where there are no gold standards, the latent classes analysis. Besides showing a satisfactory performance, in this new approach, ELF experimented an improvement in sensitivity and specificity, if compared with the classical analisys, with liver biopsy as reference. ELF panel has a good performance as a noninvasive fibrosis marker. However, new cutoff points need to be applied to improve its performance for the discrimination of different stages of fibrosis in CHC patients.

A fibrose hepática é o aspecto mais relevante e o mais importante determinante de morbimortalidade na hepatite C crônica (HCC). Historicamente, a biópsia hepática é o método de referência para avaliação da fibrose causada pela HCC, apesar de apresentar limitações. O estudo de marcadores não invasivos, que possam obviar a necessidade da biópsia, é uma área de constante interesse na hepatologia. Idealmente, a avaliação da fibrose hepática deveria ser acurada, simples, prontamente disponível, de baixo custo e informar sobre o prognóstico da patologia. Os marcadores não invasivos mais estudados são a elastografia hepática transitória (EHT) e os laboratoriais. A EHT já foi extensamente validada na HCC e está inserida na rotina de avaliação destes pacientes. Dentre os laboratoriais, existem diversos testes em continua experimentação e, até o momento, nenhum foi integrado à prática clínica no Brasil, embora já aplicados rotineiramente em outros países. O Enhanced Liver Fibrosis (ELF), um teste que dosa no soro ácido hialurônico, pró-peptídeo amino-terminal do colágeno tipo III e inibidor tissular da metaloproteinase 1, tem se mostrado bastante eficaz na detecção de fibrose hepática significativa e de cirrose na HCC. Neste estudo o ELF teve o seu desempenho avaliado em relação a biópsia hepática e demonstrou apresentar boa acurácia na detecção tanto de fibrose significativa quanto de cirrose. Na comparação com a EHT apresentou acurácia semelhante para estes mesmos desfechos, com significância estatística. No entanto, foi observada uma superestimação da fibrose com a utilização dos pontos de corte propostos pelo fabricante. Este achado está em acordo com a literatura, onde não há consenso sobre o melhor ponto de corte a ser empregado na prática clínica. Com a ampliação da casuística foi possível propor novos pontos de corte, através da análise clássica, com a biópsia hepática como padrão ouro. O resultado obtido vai ao encontro do observado por outros autores. Em seguida, os novos pontos de corte do ELF foram reavaliados sem que a biópsia hepática fosse a referência, através da análise de classes latentes. Mais uma vez o ELF apresentou bom desempenho, inclusive com melhora de suas sensibilidade e especificidade em comparação com a análise clássica, onde a biópsia hepática é a referência. Assim sendo, é possível concluir que o ELF é um bom marcador não invasivo de fibrose hepática. No entanto, para detecção de fibrose significativa e cirrose, deve ser considerada a aplicação na prática clínica dos novos pontos de corte aqui propostos. / Liver fibrosis is the most relevant issue concerning chronic hepatitis C (CHC) and determines its prognosis. Historically, liver biopsy has been the reference method for evaluating fibrosis related to CHC, though it presents many drawbacks. There is a continuing interest in the development of non invasive markers capable of replacing liver biopsy. The ideal surrogate for fibrosis evaluation should be accurate, simple, low cost and yield prognostic information. So far, the most well known non invasive methods are transient hepatic elastography (TE) and laboratory panels. TE has already been extensively validated and is integrated in patients routine. There is plenty of laboratory panels in continuing evaluation and some are already integrated in daily practice abroad. In Brasil, until the present moment, it is not a reality. Enhanced Liver Fibrosis (ELF) panel comprises the serum concentration of hyaluronic acid, tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases-1, and aminoterminal propeptide of type III procollagen and has demonstrated good performance in detecting significant fibrosis and cirrhosis in CHC patients. In the present study ELF had its performance evaluated against liver biopsy and obtained satisfactory accuracy in detecting significant fibrosis and cirrhosis. In comparison to TE no statistically significant diference was observed, for the same endpoints mentioned before. However, the application of manufacturers cutoff points produced overestimation of fibrosis stages. These findings are in accordance with other authors results, in that there is no consensus so far on the most adequate cutoff points for main clinical end points. Enlarging the data permited calculating new cutoff points, through the classical statistical approach, using liver biopsy as the gold standard. The results once more matched those published in literature. Following this, the ELF new cutoff points were evaluated in a statistical modeling where there are no gold standards, the latent classes analysis. Besides showing a satisfactory performance, in this new approach, ELF experimented an improvement in sensitivity and specificity, if compared with the classical analisys, with liver biopsy as reference. ELF panel has a good performance as a noninvasive fibrosis marker. However, new cutoff points need to be applied to improve its performance for the discrimination of different stages of fibrosis in CHC patients.

Les réservoirs dits « tight gas » sont constitués de grès de faible perméabilité ayant des propriétés petro-physiques susceptibles de nuire à la productivité du gisement. Une importante zone de transition est observée in situ dans laquelle ni l’eau ni le gaz ne sont suffisamment mobiles pour permettre une extraction industrielle : c’est ce que l’on appellera le « permeability jail ». Cette étude vise principalement à caractériser l’influence du chargement mécanique (via l’utilisation de différentes pressions de confinement) et de la nature des roches (roches provenant de différents puits et prélevées à différentes profondeurs) sur les courbes de perméabilité relative au gaz et les caractéristiques poro-mécaniques de ces roches. La porosité accessible à l’eau mesurée est de 2 à 12%. La perméabilité intrinsèque au gaz a mis en évidence de fortes disparités sans lien avec la porosité des échantillons. Une grande sensibilité de la perméabilité relative au confinement a été observée dès l’application de pressions de confinement de 15 à 30 MPa. Deux familles d’échantillons ont ainsi été identifiées. Les échantillons les plus perméables (perméabilité compris entre 100 – 1000 μD), sont peu sensibles au confinement et leur perméabilité relative ne chute qu’à partir de saturations de l’ordre de 50%. Les échantillons les moins perméables apparaissent beaucoup plus sensibles à la fois au confinement et à la saturation.Des méthodes classiquement utilisées dans le domaine pétrolier reposant sur l’interprétation d’essais de porosimétrie par intrusion mercure, ont également été mise en œuvre pour évaluer les perméabilités relatives et les comparer aux mesures expérimentales / So-called tight gas reservoirs are constituted of low permeability sandstones, which petro-physical properties may interfere with proper gas recovery. They have a low absolute permeability (below 0.1 mD under ambient conditions), a porosity lower than 10%, and a strong sensitivity to in situ stresses as compared to conventional reservoirs. Moreover, an important transition zone is observed in situ, where partial water saturation is present, and which may extend over several hundred meters over the free water table. In such zone, where water saturation is on the order of 40-50%, neither gas nor water seems sufficiently mobile for industrial extraction: this is the permeability jail. Our aim is to assess their actual petro-physical properties, namely porosity, gas permeability under varying hydrostatic stress and water saturation level, in relation with sandstone microstructure. Accessible water porosity measured is between 2 to 12%. The intrinsic permeability to gas did not appeared related to the porosity of samples. A high sensitivity of gas permeability to confinement was observed. Two families of samples were identified. The more permeable samples (permeability between 100-1000 μD), are relatively insensitive to confinement and their relative permeability decrease for water saturation higher than 50%. Less permeable samples appear much more sensitive to mechanical loading and saturation.Methods classically used in oil and gas industry based on the interpretation of mercury intrusion porosimetry tests have also been used to evaluate relative permeability and compared with experimental measurements

Denna rapport är gjord på ett examensarbete som var utfört på uppdrag av det svenska företaget Ranotor AB. Syftet var att utveckla en konceptuell lösning för en rotationsventil som skall fungera i en miljö med hög temperatur och högt tryck. Ventilen skall arbeta under höga rotationshastigheter, vilket kräver korta öppettider.Tekniska hjälpmedel såsom SolidWorks, ANSYS och MATLAB användes för att modellera och analysera de konceptuella lösningarna. Slutlösningen valdes från ett flertal olika koncept, varpå detta vidareutvecklades och optimerades. Betydande material och gastätningslösningar identifierades och utvärderades för att hitta den bästa lösningen. Optimering av individuella komponenter och hela anordningen gjordes med avseende på spänning, termisk- och dynamisk analys. De givna specifikationerna uppfylldes och resultaten var tillfredsställande. Resultaten ger en teoretisk bas för vidareutveckling och applicering av en rotationsventil in en miljö med hög temperatur och högt tryck. / This Master thesis is a project commissioned by the Swedish company Ranotor AB. The objective of this thesis is to develop a conceptual solution for a rotary valve mechanism that has to work efficiently in a high-temperature and high-pressure environment. The valve is to operate at high rotational speeds which calls for very short opening time.Modern engineering tools namely Solidworks, Ansys and Matlab, were employed for modelling and analysis of the conceptual solution.The best design solution was selected from three developed concepts, and the selected concept was further developed and optimized. Major material candidates and gas-tight sealing solution were identified and evaluated and the optimal material and seal design was chosen. Optimization of the individual components as well as the whole assembly was performed based on stress, thermal and dynamic analysis. The given design specifications and functions were fulfilled and the results were satisfactory. The obtained results provide a theoretical foundation for the development and application of a rotary valve in high-temperature and high-pressure environment.

Cette thèse est centrée sur l’étude d’équations issues de la théorie cinétique des gaz. Dans tous les problèmes qui y sont explorés, une analyse des problèmes linéaires ou linéarisés associés est réalisée d’un point de vue spectral et du point de vue des semi-groupes. A cela s’ajoute une analyse de la stabilité non linéaire lorsque le modèle est non linéaire. Plus précisément, dans une première partie, nous nous intéressons aux équations de Fokker-Planck fractionnaire et Boltzmann sans cut-off homogène en espace et nous prouvons un retour vers l’équilibre des solutions de ces équations avec un taux exponentiel dans des espaces de type L1 à poids polynomial. Concernant l’équation de Landau inhomogène en espace, nous développons une théorie de Cauchy de solutions perturbatives dans des espaces de type L2 avec différents poids (polynomiaux ou exponentiels) et nous prouvons également la stabilité exponentielle de ces solutions.Nous démontrons ensuite pour l’équation de Boltzmann inélastique inhomogène avec terme diffusif le même type de résultat dans des espaces L1 à poids polynomial dans un régime de faible inélasticité. Pour finir, nous étudions dans un cadre général et uniforme des modèles qui convergent vers l’équation de Fokker-Planck du point de vue de l’analyse spectrale et des semi-groupes. / The topic of this thesis is the study of models coming from kinetic theory. In all the problems that are addressed, the associated linear or linearized problem is analyzed from a spectral point of view and from the point of view of semigroups. Tothat, we add the study of the nonlinear stability when the equation is nonlinear. More precisely, to begin with, we treat the problem of trend to equilibrium for the fractional Fokker-Planck and Boltzmann without cut-off equations, proving an exponential decay to equilibrium in spaces of type L1 with polynomial weights. Concerning the inhomogeneous Landau equation, we develop a Cauchy theory of perturbative solutions in spaces of type L2 with various weights such as polynomial and exponential weights and we also prove the exponential stability of these solutions. Then, we prove similar results for the inhomogeneous inelastic diffusively driven Boltzmann equation in a small inelasticity regime in L1 spaces with polynomial weights. Finally, we study in the same and uniform framework from the spectral analysis point of view with a semigroup approach several Fokker-Planck equations which converge towards the classical one.

Les aubes des turbomachines modernes sont de plus en plus fines, légères et chargées aérodynamiquement. Cette tendance accroît l'apparition de phénomènes aéroélastiques tel que le flottement qui conduit à la rupture si l'amortissement est insuffisant. Bien que les outils numériques soient de plus en plus robustes, la fiabilité de sa prédiction demeure insuffisante. La nature critique du phénomène et le manque de données expérimentales pour des écoulements typiques de l'industrie encouragent des travaux de recherche. Dans ce contexte, la présente thèse est dédiée à l'étude du flottement dans des configurations récentes de turbine à travers l'analyse aérodynamique des écoulements subsoniques ou supersoniques soumis à un mode de structure vibratoire imposé. L'objectif est de fournir des éléments de compréhension des mécanismes potentiellement générateurs de flottement pour une meilleure intégration lors de la conception des aubes. L’approche consiste à mener des travaux expérimentaux et numériques. La partie expérimentale s'appuie sur un secteur de grille annulaire constitué de sept aubes dont une peut osciller de manière contrôlée. Les fluctuations de pressions instationnaires générées sont mesurées avec la technique dite des coefficients d'influence pour différents paramètres mécaniques et aérodynamiques : déformées modales pures et combinées, fréquence réduite, nombre de Mach, angle d'incidence. Complétée par des mesures de niveau de turbulence, la base de données vise à évaluer l'influence de ces paramètres sur la réponse aéroélastique, à valider le principe de superposition linéaire et à soutenir les codes numériques. La partie numérique se base sur des calculs instationnaires linéarisés dans le domaine fréquentiel en utilisant la technique dite des "ondes propagatives" (traveling wave mode).Deux cas de turbines spatiales industrielles sont étudiés.• Des calculs 2D sont réalisés sur une turbine monobloc ou blisk. L'amortissement mécanique quasi-nul entraîne des déformées complexes avec couplage de modes et des fréquences réduites très élevées. Bien que les aubes soient prédites stables, une méthodologie basée sur des décompositions géométriques élémentaires est présentée afin d'identifier les contributions déstabilisantes. Les résultats aboutissent étonnamment aux conclusions de la théorie du flottement classique : la torsion est une source potentielle d'instabilité. De plus, le coefficient d'amortissement aérodynamique a été trouvé extrêmement sensible au déphasage interaube et aux fréquences de coupure (modes cut-on/cut-off).• Des calculs 3D sont ensuite réalisés sur une turbine supersonique. L'écoulement présente des ondes de chocs avec décollement de la couche limite et le mouvement de l'aube est de nature élémentaire, i.e. purement axial. Les aubes ont été prédites instables pour les modes rétrogrades et stables pour les modes propagatifs. En dépit des fortes hypothèses, des analyses quasi-stationnaires rendent compte des mécanismes de flottement : la phase entre le mouvement du choc et l'excitation établit la frontière entre configurations stable et instable. / Modern turbomachines are designed towards thinner, lighter and highly loaded blades. This gives rise to increased sensitivity to flow induced vibrations such as flutter, which leads to structure failure in a short period of time if not sufficiently damped. Although numerical tools are more and more reliable, flutter prediction still depends on a large degree on simplified models. In addition, the critical nature of flutter, resulting in poor welldocumented real cases in the open literature, and the lack of experimental database typical of engine flows make its apprehension even more challenging. In that context, the present thesis is dedicated to study flutter in recent turbines through aerodynamic analysis of subsonic or supersonic flows in response to a prescribed vibratory mode of the structure. The objective is to highlight some mechanisms potentially responsible for flutter in order to be in better position when designing blades. The strategy consists in leading both experimental and numerical investigations. The experimental part is based on a worldwide unique annular turbine sector cascade employed for measuring the aeroelastic response by means of the aerodynamic influence coefficient technique. The cascade comprises seven low pressure gas turbine blades one of which can oscillate in a controlled way as a rigid body. Aeroelastic responses are measured at various mechanical and aerodynamic parameters: pure and combined modeshapes, reduced frequency, Mach number, incidence angle. In addition to turbulence level measurements, the database aims at assessing the influence of these parameters on the aerodynamic damping, at validating the linear combination principle and at providing input for numerical tools. The numerical part is based on unsteady computations linearized in the frequency domain and performed in the traveling wave mode. The focus is put on two industrial space turbines: 2D computations are performed on an integrally bladed disk, also called blisk; its very low viscous material damping results in complex motions with combined modes and extremely high reduced frequency. The blisk operates at low subsonic conditions without strong non-linearities. Although the blades have been predicted aeroelastically stable, an original methodology based on elementary decompositions of the blade motion is presented to identify the destabilizing movements. The results suggest that the so-called classical flutter is surprisingly prone to occur. Moreover, the aerodynamic damping has been found extremely sensitive to the interblade phase angle and cut-on/cut-off conditions.• 3D computations are then performed on a supersonic turbine, which features shockwaves and boundary layer separation. In contrast, the blade motion is of elementary nature, i.e. purely axial. The blades have been predicted aeroelastically unstable for backward traveling waves and stable for forward traveling waves. The low reduced frequencies allow quasi-steady analysis, which still account for flutter mechanisms: the shock wave motion establishes the boundary between stable and unstable configurations.

Magister Scientiae - MSc / Pressure drop within a field can be attributed to several factors. Pressure drop occurs when fractional forces cause resistance to flowing fluid through a porous medium. In this thesis, the sciences of petrophysics and rock physics were employed to develop understanding of the physical processes that occurs in reservoirs. This study focussed on the physical properties of rock and fluid in order to provide understanding of the system and the mechanism controlling its behaviour. The change in production capacity of wells E-M 1, 2, 3, 4&5 prompted further research to find out why the there will be pressure drop from the suits of wells and which well was contributing to the drop in production pressure. The E-M wells are located in the Bredasdorp Basin and the reservoirs have trapping mechanisms of stratigraphical and structural systems in a moderate to good quality turbidite channel sandstone. The basin is predominantly an elongated north-west and south-east inherited channel from the synrift sub basin and was open to relatively free marine circulation. By the southwest the basin is enclose by southern Outeniqua basin and the Indian oceans. Sedimentation into the Bredasdorp basin thus occurred predominantly down the axis of the basin with main input direction from the west. Five wells were studied E-M1, E-M2, E-M3, E-M4, and E-M5 to identify which well is susceptible to flow within this group. Setting criteria for discriminator the result generated four well as meeting the criteria except for E-M1. The failure of E-M1 reservoir well interval was in consonant with result showed by evaluation from the log, pressure and rock physics analyses for E-M1.iv Various methods in rock physics were used to identify sediments and their conditions and by applying inverse modelling (elastic impedance) the interval properties were better reflected. Also elastic impedance proved to be an economical and quicker method in describing the lithology and depositional environment in the absence of seismic trace.

The aim of master's thesis was design of electronically reconfigurable filters. Adjustability of pole frequency or quality factor is possible. First part of thesis deals with theoretical analysis of filters, their operation modes, design of frequency filters using Signal-Flow graph method and parasitic analysis. The next part describes active elements used in thesis. In a third part, three reconfigurable filters are described and designed and their simulations and parasitic analysis are made. Last part deals with filter design in EAGLE and experimental measurement.

This diploma thesis deals with design of reconection-less electronically reconfigurable filter structures which have single input and single output using unconventional active elements, which have ability to adjust one of their parameter e.g. gain or transconductance. The first part describes basic parameters of frequency filters, the division of filters by frequency transfer response and used circuit elements, their operational modes, the principle of reconnection-less electronically reconfiguration and the circuit design method MUNV. Second part describes all active elements used in the proposal of filters, their properties and the implementation using existing transistor-level models. The third part contains the design of three reconnection-less electronically reconfigurable filters and the simulations results obtained from simulation programs OrCAD Capture and PSpice. The obtained results were compared with theoretical behaviour. This part also contains results of these analyses: sensitivity, parasitic, Monte Carlo and temperature to determine the behaviour in varied cases.