A tese trata de questões referentes à economia dos transplantes renais, enfocando os mecanismos institucionais e de incentivos relacionados à captação de órgãos no Brasil, bem como a eficiência dos estados brasileiros que captam e realizam tais transplantes. A questão investigada na tese por meio dos ensaios foi analisar os efeitos e as implicações da estrutura de incentivos sobre o número de órgãos (inclusive rim) captados, ou seja, sobre o comportamento do sistema público de transplantes. Buscou-se também avaliar a eficiência desse sistema e sua tendência de comportamento ao longo do período 2006-2011. Foi conduzida inicialmente uma apresentação de alguns fatos estilizados para a possível elaboração de estratégias referente ao problema de pesquisa, entre os quais se destacaram: i) o tamanho e o tempo de espera nas filas por transplante de órgãos, no período recente, vêm apresentando uma tendência crescente; ii) o Brasil ocupa o segundo lugar no número absoluto de transplantes renais, atrás apenas dos Estados Unidos; iii) o país apresenta o maior programa público de transplantes de órgãos sólidos; iv) o processo de captação de órgãos tem-se apresentado uma atividade com elevada variabilidade entre os estados brasileiros, gerando um desequilíbrio entre a oferta e a demanda por órgãos e v) o sistema de transplante renal é classificado como uma modalidade terapêutica eficiente. No segundo ensaio da tese, analisaram-se os mecanismos de incentivos oferecidos aos hospitais que realizam a captação de rim para transplantes no Brasil. A abordagem teórica usada foi o modelo Principal-Agente, num contexto de informação assimétrica. No modelo, o SUS foi classificado como o Principal (receptor de órgãos captados) e os hospitais captadores, como Agentes. O SUS, por meio de um contrato, busca maximizar o seu objetivo de obter o maior número de órgãos para transplante e, para atingi-lo, delega ações aos hospitais. Os Agentes decidem se lhes interessam criar uma estrutura e condições para a captação de tal órgão. De acordo com os resultados do modelo Agente-Principal, verificou-se que o SUS (Principal) tem adotado diversas medidas de incentivos aos hospitais que realizam a captação de órgãos, tais como: criação de um fundo específico para financiamento dos transplantes (FAEC - Fundo de Ações Estratégicas e Compensação); pagamento uniforme para hospitais universitários e não universitários; expansão dos tipos de procedimentos hospitalares a serem pagos pelo SUS; reajuste frequente das remunerações pagas por procedimento da Tabela de Procedimentos do Sistema de Informações Hospitalares do Sistema Único de Saúde; cursos e/ou encontros com os profissionais da saúde que atuam no processo de doação-transplante e criação de novos incentivos financeiros para hospitais que realizam transplantes na rede pública. Portanto, se os profissionais recebem maiores incentivos, esses podem agir com eficiência no processo de captação do órgão e, consequentemente, contribuem para que ocorra uma redução no tempo e nas filas de espera por transplantes. Objetivando avaliar a eficiência dos estados brasileiros no sistema de transplante renal e a produtividade deles ao longo do tempo, fez-se uso do ferramental da Análise Envoltória de Dados-DEA e do Índice de Malmquist e suas decomposições (efeito Emparelhamento e Deslocamento de Fronteira). Utilizou-se uma amostra de 22 estados no período 2006-2011. O método DEA com Retornos Variáveis de Escala (BCC) orientado no sentido do produto foi aplicado nesse estudo. Cada estado foi considerado como Unidade de Tomada de Decisão (DMU). Os dados classificados como inputs (recursos) foram os seguintes: gastos (nominal) totais com transplantes renais, gastos (nominais) com serviços hospitalares e gastos (nominais) com serviços dos profissionais relacionados ao setor. Como output (produto) foi usado o número de rins transplantados. Os resultados indicaram que existe entre os estados brasileiros uma discrepância significativa em relação à captação e o número de transplantes de rins. Isso gerou uma ineficiência no sistema de transplante renal no país e pode estar ocorrendo em virtude do funcionamento não adequado da gestão; do não seguimento das regras nacionais (como por exemplo, vinculação das equipes a centros transplantadores; distribuição adequada de imunossupressores; encaminhamento de órgãos não aproveitados para estados próximos; execução da tipagem HLA de toda a lista de espera de rim) que causam prejuízos aos pacientes; das comissões intra-hospitalares não ativas e das equipes hospitalares sobrecarregadas. Portanto, alguns estados que participam do processo de captação e doação de rins para transplante estão apresentando ineficiência em termos de ordem administrativa e operacional. / The thesis is about the economy of kidney transplants, focusing on the institutional mechanisms and incentives related to organ harvesting in Brazil, as well as the efficiency of the Brazilian states that perform such transplants. The essays investigated the effects and implications of the incentives structure on the number of organs (including kidney) harvested by the transplants public system. The efficiency of this system and its performance over the 2006-2011 period was also evaluated. Firstly some stylized facts related to the subject were presented, among which stand out: i) the size of queues and waiting times for organ transplantation in recent years have grown; ii) Brazil ranks second in the absolute number of kidney transplants, behind only the United States, iii) the country has the largest public program for solid organs transplantation, iv) the process of organ harvesting has high variability among Brazilian states, creating an imbalance between supply and demand for organs and v) the kidney transplantation system is as an effective therapeutic modality. In the second essay the mechanisms of incentives offered to hospitals that perform kidney harvesting in Brazil were analyzed. The theoretical model used was the Principal-Agent in a context of asymmetric information. In the model, SUS was rated as the Principal (receptor of harvested organs) and the harvesting hospitals, as agents. SUS seeks to maximize the number of organs for transplantation in a contract through which it delegates the harvesting to hospitals. Agents decide whether they are interested in creating a framework and conditions for harvesting organs. The results of the Principal-Agent model indicate that SUS (the Principal) has adopted various incentives to hospitals that perform organ harvesting, such as creating a specific fund to finance transplants (FCSA - Fund for Compensation and Strategic Actions); same payment for university and non-university hospitals, expanding the types of hospital procedures to be paid by SUS; frequent remuneration raises of the amount paid by the procedures in Table of Procedures of the Hospital Information System of the Unified Health System; courses and / or meetings with health professionals working in the donation-transplantation process and creation of new financial incentives to hospitals that perform transplants for the public system. So, if the professional receives stronger incentives, he will act more effectively in the organ harvesting and will thereby contribute to a reduction in waiting lines for transplantation. In order to evaluate the efficiency of the Brazilian states in kidney transplant and their productivity over time, the Data Envelopment Analysis-DEA was used and the Malmquist index and its decomposition (Pairing effect and Boundary Displacement) to a sample of 22 states over five years (2006-2011). The DEA model with variable returns to scale (BCC) directed towards the product was applied in this study. Each state was considered a Decision Making Unit (DMU). Data classified as inputs (resources) were the following: total amount spent (nominal) with kidney transplants, amount spent (nominal) with hospital services and amount spent (nominal) with the professional services related to that sector. As output (product) was used the number of transplanted kidneys. The results indicated that there is a significant discrepancy among the Brazilian states in harvesting and transplanting kidneys. This fact has led to inefficiency in the country’s kidney transplant system and it may be so due to inadequate management, to ignoring natiimmunosuppressants; forwarding not used organs to nearby states, implementation of HLA exam to the entire waiting list for kidney transplant) causing harm to patients; to inactive in-hospital committees and to overloaded hospital staff. Therefore, some states in the process of kidney harvesting and transplantation are showing operational and managerial inefficiencies.onal directives (eg, vinculating teams to transplant centers; proper distribution of immunosuppressants; forwarding not used organs to nearby states, implementation of HLA exam to the entire waiting list for kidney transplant) causing harm to patients; to inactive in-hospital committees and to overloaded hospital staff. Therefore, some states in the process of kidney harvesting and transplantation are showing operational and managerial inefficiencies.

Submitted by (ana.araujo@ufrpe.br) on 2016-08-03T12:41:53Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Luciano Souza.pdf: 2504478 bytes, checksum: 0fe73f329cf126943a0482de20da0a12 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-03T12:41:53Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Luciano Souza.pdf: 2504478 bytes, checksum: 0fe73f329cf126943a0482de20da0a12 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-02-27 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / This dissertation proposes use of Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) as methodology to quantify the concept of social exclusion, with application to the city of Recife. The primary advantage of DEA is that, besides associating a quantitative value (index) to each of the considered geographical units (districts or census sectors, in DEA terminology Decision Making Units - DMUs), it also provides optimum levels (goals) for all the variables considered, that should be attained by each of the units in order to eliminate social exclusion. In addition, being a non-parametric method, DEA does not require introduction of any arbitrary parameters, which might compromise the analysis. Social exclusion is analyzed here considering four utopias: education, living conditions, income and equality, which are treated both individually, and all together. For each of the five considered contexts numerical values of the exclusion index, the optimum variable level, and the corresponding geographical exclusion maps, are provided for the city of Recife, on the level of districts and census sectors. Within the context of the current choice of utopias under study, and the corresponding input and output variables, these results make it possible to identify districts and census sectors that present highest and lowestvalues of the inclusion index. In particular, it is found that only 19% of the districts of the city of Recife demonstrate an optimum level of social inclusion index, while for all the other districts concrete goals for reaching social inclusion are established, within the current context. Therefore, the applied methodology fills a gap in the existing practice of analyzing social exclusion by supplying the optimum variable levels for each considered unit, which may be used for urban planning and optimization of investments. / Esta dissertação propõe o uso de Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) como uma metodologia para quantificar o conceito de exclusão social, com aplicação para a cidade do Recife. A principal vantagem de DEA é que além de associar um valor quantitativo (índice) para cada uma das unidades geográficas (bairros ou setores censitários, na terminologia DEA denominadas Descision Making Units - DMUs), ela também fornece um nível ótimo (meta) para todas as variáveis consideradas, para todas as DMUs fora da fronteira de inclusão, metas que deveriam ser alcançadas por cada DMUs afim de que, seja possível eliminar a exclusão social. Adicionalmente, o método não paramétrico DEA, não requer a introdução de algum parâmetro arbitrário, o que poderia comprometer as análises. A exclusão social é analisada aqui considerando quatro utopias: Autonomia de Renda, Desenvolvimento Humano, Equidade e Qualidade de Vida, o qual são tratadas aqui individualmente e em conjunto. Para cada um dos valores numéricos considerados neste contexto de índice de exclusão, o nível ótimo da variável e o seu correspondente mapa geográfico da exclusão, são realizados para a cidade de Recife, no nível de bairros e setores censitários. Dentro do contexto de escolha atual de utopias e variáveis de entrada e saída,esses resultados possibilitam a identificação de bairros e setores censitários com o maior e o menor valores de inclusão social. Em particular foram encontrados apenas 19% dos bairros em situação de inclusão social, enquanto para todos os outros metas concretas a serem alcançadas foram estabelecidas dentro do contexto atual. No entanto a metodologia aplicada nesta dissertação preenche uma lacuna na prática existente da análise de exclusão social, por fornecer níveis ótimos de variáveis para cada unidade considerada, este fato pode ser usado no planejamento urbano e na otimização de investimentos.

A presente pesquisa está inserida na questão da infraestrutura logística para o transporte de carga a granel, especificamente a soja, a partir das principais mesorregiões produtoras dos dois maiores produtores mundiais, Brasil e Estados Unidos, até os principais portos exportadores. Este trabalho tem por objetivo analisar a eficiência das rotas e corredores nacionais de transporte de soja, levando em consideração os três pilares da sustentabilidade (econômico, social e ambiental). O método parte de uma revisão de literatura sobre o tema, seguido de uma explanação sobre eficiência, por meio da Análise Envoltória de Dados (DEA), e uma contextualização do cenário de escoamento em ambos os países. Foram determinadas 72 rotas brasileiras e 30 norte-americanas com diversas composições de modais. Os dados foram analisados por correlação e análise de componentes principais (PCA) e teste de Wilcoxon. Em seguida, as variáveis foram inseridas num modelo DEA de Slack-Based Measure (SBM), que minimiza os inputs (variáveis de entrada) e maximiza outputs (variáveis de saída) simultaneamente. Foi aplicado, como técnica quantitativa de desempate, o índice composto. Os resultados mostraram que as rotas norte-americanas foram as mais eficientes. Além disso, combinações de curtos trajetos de caminhão e longas rotas de modais hidroviários ou ferroviários estavam entre as eficientes. Ou seja, os resultados se mostraram coerentes com a literatura e a expectativa de especialistas. Em resumo, o uso da DEA pode notadamente fortalecer a análise de rotas e corredores domésticos nacionais usados para o escoamento produtivo da soja a granel e pode direcionar políticas de investimento públicas e privadas. / This research is focused on the logistics infrastructure issue used for bulk transportation, specifically soybeans, from the main producing municipalities of the world biggest producers, Brazil and USA, to the key exporting ports. This dissertation aims to analyze the efficiency of routes and corridors, taking into account the three pillars of sustainability (economic, social and environmental). The method starts with a literature review of corridor benchmarking, efficiency measurement through data envelopment analysis and contextualization of transportation scenarios in both countries. It was identified 72 routes in Brazil and 30 in the US, considering several combinations of transportation mode (road, inland waterway and rail). Data were analyzed through correlation, principal component analysis (PCA), and Wilcoxon Test. Subsequently, variables were inserted in Slack-Based Measure (SBM) DEA model. This model simultaneously minimizes inputs and maximizes outputs. It was applied the quantitative tiebreaking method of the compound index. The results showed that the American routes among the most efficient ones. In addition, the combinations of short trips of trucks and long trips of barges or trains were also among the most efficient. In other words, the results were coherent with literature and expectation of specialists. In summary, it is clear that the use of DEA can noticeably improve the strength of the analysis of national domestic routes and corridors used in the productive chain of bulk soybeans.

A avaliação do investimento público pode ser um importante instrumento para nortear a destinação de recursos e, assim, obter melhor desempenho na promoção do desenvolvimento na economia de um país. Nesse sentido, são necessárias técnicas adequadas para avaliar o desempenho das empresas, sobretudo das pequenas empresas. Com base em novos procedimentos de avaliação, a presente pesquisa tem como objetivo geral analisar a eficiência dos investimentos públicos direcionados pelo Programa de Inovação Tecnológica em Pequenas Empresas (PIPE), do programa da Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP). A pesquisa foi desenvolvida no Estado de São Paulo, nas empresas financiadas pela FAPESP e conduzida, inicialmente, por meio de uma survey com o propósito de coletar dados necessários para alimentar as técnicas Análise Envoltória de Dados (DEA) e Índice de Malmquist. Para atingir o objetivo proposto, formulou-se um modelo conceitual composto por oito hipóteses. A pesquisa de campo contemplou uma amostra de 148 projetos vinculados a 113 pequenas empresas. Os resultados foram apresentados em cinco etapas: etapa I - a evolução dos recursos financeiros destinado ao programa PIPE durante o período de 1997-2008; etapa II - análise qualitativa dos projetos nos parâmetros sobre tipo, tipologia, modelo inovativo, estratégia e localização; etapa III - análise univariada e bivariada das variáveis; etapa IV - análise de eficiência dos projetos e empresas sob a perspectiva das áreas de conhecimento e setores econômico; etapa V - a integração do DEA-Malmquist para as empresas fomentadas na fase III do programa PIPE. Utilizou-se dois teses estatísticos para validar as hipóteses: o teste de Mann-Whitney e o teste do Qui-Quadrado. Os resultados possibilitam identificar, para o órgão fomentador, melhorias no processo de análise dos projetos e, ainda, para novos empresários, recomendações com base nos projetos de eficiência máxima. / Evaluation of public investment can be an important tool to guide correctly the allocation of resources and thus achieve better performance in promoting development in the economy of a country. Accordingly, appropriate techniques are needed to evaluate the performance of businesses, particularly small businesses. Based on recent evaluation techniques, this research aims at analyzing the efficiency of public investment targeted by the Programa de Inovação Tecnológica em Pequenas Empresas (PIPE), a program of the Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP). The study was conducted in FAPESP financed companies of São Paulo and led initially by means of a survey in order to collect the data needed to feed the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) and Malmquist Index. To achieve this purpose, formulated a conceptual model composed with eight research hypotheses. The field research was performed with a sample of 148 projects linked to 113 small businesses. The results were presented in five stages: Stage I - the evolution of financial resources for the PIPE program during the period 1997-2008, stage II - qualitative analysis of project parameters on type, typology, innovation models, strategy and location; stage III - univariate and bivariate analysis of variables; stage IV - efficiency analysis of projects and companies from the perspective of knowledge areas and economic sectors; stage V - the integration of the DEA-Malmquist encouraged companies to phase III of the PIPE program. Used two test to validate the statistical assumptions: the Mann-Whitney and Chi-Square test. The results enable us to identify, for the national developers, improvements to the analysis of projects and also for new entrepreneurs, recommendations based on projects for maximum efficiency.

Les modèles de frontières sont actuellement très utilisés par beaucoup d’économistes, gestionnaires ou toute personne dite « decision-maker ». Dans ces modèles de frontières, le but du chercheur consiste à attribuer à des unités de production (des firmes, des hôpitaux ou des universités par exemple) une mesure de leur efficacité en terme de production. Ces unités (dénotées DMU-Decision-Making Units) utilisent-elles à bon escient leurs « inputs » et « outputs »? Font-elles usage de tout leur potentiel dans le processus de production? <p>L’ensemble de production est l’ensemble contenant toutes les combinaisons d’inputs et d’outputs qui sont physiquement réalisables dans une économie. De cet ensemble contenant p inputs et q outputs, la notion d’efficacité d ‘une unité de production peut être définie. Celle-ci se définie comme une distance séparant le DMU de la frontière de l’ensemble de production. A partir d’un échantillon de DMUs, le but est de reconstruire cette frontière de production afin de pouvoir y évaluer l’efficacité des DMUs. A cette fin, le chercheur utilise très souvent des méthodes dites « classiques » telles que le « Data Envelopment Analysis » (DEA).<p><p>De nos jours, le statisticien bénéficie de plus en plus de données, ce qui veut également dire qu’il n’a pas l’opportunité de faire attention aux données qui font partie de sa base de données. Il se peut en effet que certaines valeurs aberrantes s’immiscent dans les jeux de données sans que nous y fassions particulièrement attention. En particulier, les modèles de frontières sont extrêmement sensibles aux valeurs aberrantes et peuvent fortement influencer l’inférence qui s’en suit. Pour éviter que certaines données n’entravent une analyse correcte, des méthodes robustes sont utilisées.<p><p>Allier le côté robuste au problème d’évaluation d’efficacité est l’objectif général de cette thèse. Le premier chapitre plante le décor en présentant la littérature existante dans ce domaine. Les quatre chapitres suivants sont organisés sous forme d’articles scientifiques. <p>Le chapitre 2 étudie les propriétés de robustesse d’un estimateur d’efficacité particulier. Cet estimateur mesure la distance entre le DMU analysé et la frontière de production le long d’un chemin hyperbolique passant par l’unité. Ce type de distance très spécifique s’avère très utile pour définir l’efficacité de type directionnel. <p>Le chapitre 3 est l’extension du premier article au cas de l’efficacité directionnelle. Ce type de distance généralise toutes les distances de type linéaires pour évaluer l’efficacité d’un DMU. En plus d’étudier les propriétés de robustesse de l’estimateur d’efficacité de type directionnel, une méthode de détection de valeurs aberrantes est présentée. Celle-ci s’avère très utile afin d’identifier les unités de production influençantes dans cet espace multidimensionnel (dimension p+q). <p>Le chapitre 4 présente les méthodes d’inférence pour les efficacités dans les modèles nonparamétriques de frontière. En particulier, les méthodes de rééchantillonnage comme le bootstrap ou le subsampling s’avère être très utiles. Dans un premier temps, cet article montre comment améliorer l’inférence sur les efficacités grâce au subsampling et prouve qu’il n’est pas suffisant d’utiliser un estimateur d’efficacité robuste dans les méthodes de rééchantillonnage pour avoir une inférence qui soit fiable. C’est pourquoi, dans un second temps, cet article propose une méthode robuste de rééchantillonnage qui est adaptée au problème d’évaluation d’efficacité. <p>Finalement, le dernier chapitre est une application empirique. Plus précisément, cette analyse s’intéresse à l ‘efficacité des universités américaines publiques et privées au niveau de leur recherche. Des méthodes classiques et robustes sont utilisées afin de montrer comment tous les outils étudiés précédemment peuvent s’appliquer en pratique. En particulier, cette étude permet d’étudier l’impact sur l’efficacité des institutions américaines de certaines variables telles que l’enseignement, l’internationalisation ou la collaboration avec le monde de l’industrie.<p> / Doctorat en sciences, Orientation statistique / info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

This thesis consists of two self-contained empirical essays. Essay I investigates the impact of labor subsidies on TFP, and profit per employee is included as a second outcome. Coarsened exact matching (CEM) is performed on the key variables. After matching, a difference-in-difference (DID) model is applied. The study shows that firms employing workers with wage subsidies experience negative and significant effects on both TFP and profit per employee. Heterogeneity is, however, observed; the only sector to show a deficit in both TFP and profit per employee is wholesale. During the second year with a subsidy, a negative impact can be observed on the profit per employee but not on TFP. The policy conclusion from the analysis is that subsidizing individuals from particular groups is necessary to induce firms to hire workers from these groups. However, the time period for which a single firm is subsidized should be considered. Essay II (with Jonas Månsson from Linnaeus University and the Swedish National Audit Office (SNAO), Christian Andersson from SNAO and Fredrik Bonander from SNAO) measures TFP of the Swedish district courts by applying data envelopment analysis (DEA) to calculate the Malmquist productivity index for 48 Swedish district courts from 2012 to 2015. This study uses a fully decomposed Malmquist index. A bootstrapping approach is further applied to compute confidence intervals for each decomposed factor of TFP as well as for TFP. The study shows an average annual of TFP by 0.7%. However, a substantial variation between years is observed both with regards to the number of statistically significant courts below and above unity. The negative impact is mainly driven by pure technical regress. Large variations are also observed over time where the small courts have the largest volatility. The TFP change is positively correlated with the rate of change in the caseload. Two recommendations are: 1) that district courts with negative TFP growth could learn from those with positive TFP growth and 2) that a back-up force could be developed to enhance flexibility.

In ICT industry, firms’ financial prosperity and growth are highly depended on innovation. The innovation provides competitive advantage and high performance for the ICT companies. The purpose of the paper is to study effect that the companies’ internal resources, experience on the market, investments in innovation and business environment have on their performance. The sample includes 22 ICT companies from North America, EU and Asia region. The examined data cover period from 2011 to 2015. The companies’ annual reports and USPTO were used as the sources of the data. The mixed research method is chosen to reach the study’s objectives. The study is analysed with help of DEA and Balanced scorecard performance measurement methods. Organizational learning theory and Resource based theory are applied to answer the research questions in the study. The outputs of performance are categories such as assets and competencies, innovative activities, suppliers and customer relations, and employees and management. These categories are presented by a variety of indicators such as assets turnover, labour productivity ratio, debt ratio, SG&amp;A costs ratio and number of published patents. The factors such as companies’ size, age, investments in R&amp;D and business environment have significant impact on the performance of innovative activities. The results suggest that the large established ICT companies are less efficient in studied categories than the smaller and younger ICT firms. Moreover, the younger smaller companies show higher efficiency even in terms of such outcomes as R&amp;D intensity and number of published patents. The results are consistent with the findings attained in previous studies from the same scientific field.

The balanced scorecard (BSC) is an accepted methodology for putting strategy into action. The BSC provides a comprehensive performance measurement for an organization with respect to both financial and non-financial perspectives, including the triple bottom line of planet, people, and profit. Through various implementations to companies, organizations, and sectors, balanced scorecards have been used widely both for strategic purposes, as well as for more tactical focus for auditing current performance. BSC implementation is particularly adequate when integrated with the operational processes of the organization. The integration between the strategic plan and the financial and operational plans proceed via the business process model that covers the operational processes associated with the objectives of the organization in the strategy map. In this way, BSC is a tool for real-time monitoring of performance as well as providing the crucial linkage to the organization’s strategy that enables the proper implementation of the organization’s strategy. Data envelopment analysis (DEA) has been widely applied for measuring the efficiency of a specific decision-making unit (DMU) against a projected point on an efficiency frontier. DEA is therefore particularly suitable for measuring the organizational efficiency based on the BSC indicators, which are defined as Key Performance Indicators (KPIs). In the commercial fisheries sector, sustainable strategy of fisheries organizations can be gained by running the current operations more effectively, and by integrating processes enabling adaptation to change. The efficiency frontier of the DEA model can be used to calculate the efficiency of fisheries operations. The proposed research is undertaken as part of the Canadian Fisheries Research Network (CFRN) to investigate the application of BSC and DEA for defining commercial fisheries performance evaluation variables with respect to the objectives of environmental sustainability, economic viability, and social and cultural stability in compliance with, and in the absence of, performance monitoring alleged in the Fisheries and Oceans, Canada Integrated Fisheries Management Plans (IFMP). The combination of BSC-DEA methodologies is developed in this research as a required performance monitoring system suitable for IFMPs for analyzing the relative efficiency of commercial fisheries case studies across Canada towards incorporating best sustainable practices in the industry.

本研究使用資料包絡分析法進行我國銀行業生產效率分析，並以彰化銀行作為個案對象，研究彰化銀行在不同經營者下的生產效率，以2001年至2016年我國30家銀行為樣本銀行，探究各年度彰化銀行相對全體銀行之生產效率與Malmquist生產力指數，結果顯示彰銀自行經營期間（2001年至2005年），其生產效率與生產力指數變動大，生產效率變動在三商銀中為唯一衰退；台新金經營彰銀期間（2006年至2014年），彰銀生產效率曾連續五年為三商銀中最佳，直至後半期第一銀行生產效率超越彰銀成為三商銀中第一，因此生產力指數一銀略高於彰銀，唯生產效率進步程度由彰銀在三商銀中進步最多；而彰銀再度自行經營期間（2015年與2016年），彰銀連續兩年達生產效率，顯示其再度自行經營之生產效率相較其他銀行良好。 / This study investigates the productive efficiency of banks in Taiwan by using the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). This thesis also presents a case study about the transfered right of management of Chang-Hua Bank, to see the difference of productive efficiency between different managers. The study chooses 30 banks of Taiwan from 2001 to 2016 as the sample data, and studies the productive efficiency and Malmquist index of Chang-Hua Bank each year. The study shows the results as follows: 1. The government managed the Chang-Hua bank (2001~2005): It appears a great fluctuation of the productive efficiency and the Malmquist Index of Chang-Hua Bank. Among the Chang-Hua Bank, the First Bank and the Hua-Nan Bank, the Chang-Hua Bank presents the lowest average efficient change. 2. Taishin financial holding company managed the Chang-Hua bank (2006~2014): Comparing to the First Bank and the Hua-Nan Bank, Chang-Hua bank had been the most productive and efficient bank for five years. 3. The government managed the Chang-Hua bank (2015~2016): Chang-Hua Bank has reached the productive efficieny for the recent two years.

Main task of the thesis, as it is clear from its name, is the application of operations research methods, which could be used for selecting suppliers of electricity for the home. In the first part of thesis the functioning of the electricity market in the Czech Republic is explained and the theoretical assumptions, which are necessary for understanding the issue is described. In the practical part of the thesis some methods of multicriteria decision making and of data envelopment analysis models are presented. The results of each method are explained in detail and they are compared with results of other methods.