In these times, when manufacturing firms wonder how to integrate products and services into innovative offerings, how should products be designed to be of most value? This study is the investigation of this question for the manufacturing firm Strömsholmen AB, which designs gas springs and hydraulic suspension. The research has led to interviews of personnel to identify challenges and a workshop to generate new service ideas. By analyzing a specific gas hydraulic suspension product, this study shows that designing for product service systems (PSS) with a life-cycle perspective specifically for manufacturing, assembly, delivery, use, maintenance and remanufacturing, can greatly reduce costs and open up for innovative PSS business models. Using Design for Assembly, Design for Disassembly, Design for Serviceability and Design for Remanufacturing shows how concrete improvements to a product can be made. Improvements that show the potential of a redesign for the gas hydraulic suspension. Integrating products and services and pursuing the ideas and methods of this thesis, will ultimately make Strömsholmen better prepared to differentiate, to stay competitive, to deepen customer relations and to gain greater profits long-term.

Master’s thesis is focused on the issue of information systems. Its attention is focused on describing not only the knowledge of the basic terminology of information systems, the definition of the necessary prerequisites for development an information system within the enterprise, but also its implementation and subsequent management. The practical part of diploma thesis is based on knowledge of the theory. Its main section focuses on the realization of information system.

The environmental impacts of the construction industry, and the built environment, as the end product of construction activity, are massive due to the extensive use of energy and resources. Sustainability and circular economy are recognized as the main solution to the existing environmental impacts of this industry and the main approach to the sustainable development of it. The transition of a construction project’s life cycle from a linear one starting with material processing and ending up at demolition stage to a real cyclic life cycle needs defining alternative end-of-life scenarios. Deconstruction as one of the alternative end-of-life scenarios is defined as salvaging material of a dismantled structure for reuse or recycling. Design for deconstruction refers to the importance of considering deconstruction as the end-of-life scenario in the design stage of structures. This thesis aims to define the existing challenges and opportunities in the deconstruction of timber structures by the study of cases in which dis- and re-assembly are done. The study also aims to measure deconstructability by developing an indicator system for design for deconstruction of volumetric timber structures based on design for disassembly principles existing in ISO 20887:2020 and the practical principles of the case studies. This is done by interviewing people at five different companies who were engaged in the dis- and re-assembly of structures. The study of these cases shows the gap between disassembly principles and real-world experience from a learn-from-practice point of view. The developed tool as the indicator system is consisted of 25 indicators under seven principles and is able to measure and provide a deconstructability grade of structures out of 100 for each principle and a total deconstructability grade based on all principles. / Measurable Reusability for Wooden Houses (Mätbar Återbrukbarhet för Trähus)

Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Doctor in Technology: Civil Engineering at Technikon Natal, 1998. / The Government of South Africa has recognised transport as one of its five main priority areas for socia-economic development. One of the Governments strategic objectives, as reflected in the white paper on National Transport Policy, is to promote the use of public transport with the goal of achieving a ratio of 80:20 between public transport and private car usage, as a long term vision. This is no easy task and in order to achieve this goal, an in depth analysis of the current transport situation is required. The structure and land-use patterns of most of the South African cities have forced the residents to be predominantly dependent on private transport, resulting in high car ownerships. Over the years, this has caused the traffic on the major links connecting the suburban areas leading to the city centres to be very high and some of them have already approached forced flow conditions during morning and evening peak periods / D

This thesis deals with optical distance measurement and 3D scene measurement using focusing techniques with focus on confocal microscopy, depth from focus and depth from defocus. Theoretical part of the thesis is about different approaches to depth map generation and also about micro image defocusing technique for measuring refractive index of transparent materials. Then the camera calibration for focused techniques is described. In the next part of the thesis is described experimentally verification of depth from focus and depth from defocus techniques. For the first technique are shown results of depth map generation and for the second technique is shown comparison between measured distance values and real distance values. Finally, the discussed techniques are compared and evaluated.

The master thesis deals with the development of the tool for risk analysis support in information security. At first we perform a theoretical basis for security development of lifecycle process (SDL). Afterwards the theory of risk analysis based on fault tree analysis is described. Considering this knowledge base system was designed and implemented. Next chapter describes the best practice refer to the typical example of use and presents the potencial using of this tool in practice. Final chapter deals with the possibility of future expansion of this application.

La démographie et les modes de vie ont considérablement évolué au cours des dernières décades. De tels changements sont destinés à influencer la conception de l’habitation et ils incluent notamment une série de besoins émergents: s’en suivent des besoins additionnels en espace pour répondre à l’arrivée de ces activités additionnelles au niveau du logement. La planification en vue de répondre à ces besoins émergeants constitue le principal thème de la présente thèse. Dans le cas de la maison unifamiliale détachée, le sous-sol est disponible pour offrir des espaces appropriés à ces besoins émergents. Par contre, une telle ressource n’est normalement pas présente dans le cas d’un édifice multifamilial. La thèse propose un espace additionnel spécifique en vue de répondre à ces besoins émergents : l’espace supplétif. Même si un tel espace n’est pas envisagé dans les publications du domaine, des précédents existent quant à sa présence en planification multifamiliale. Le but de la présente étude est d’offrir des lignes directrices quant à la conception et l’intégration d’un tel espace supplétif. Elle va s’appuyer sur l’approche systémique en raison de la logique de déduire la solution à partir d’une analyse de l’objectif. L’application de l’approche systémique implique donc que tous les critères correspondant à la nature spécifique de l’espace supplétif seront extrapolés à partir de l’objectif. Dans le cas la présente étude, ce sont les critères du bureau à domicile qui seront d’abord précisés car il s’agit de l’activité émergente la plus exigeante. Les critères seront traités comme vecteurs d’un modèle générique indicatif de la manière d’organiser l’espace supplétif. Ce modèle visera le bureau à domicile en vue d’offrir les solutions pertinentes et il se concentrera principalement sur les critères d’intimité visuelle et spatiale. La contribution du modèle sera de suggérer des lignes directrices en vue d’incorporer l’espace supplétif à l’intérieur des édifices résidentiels de type multifamilial, ce que la planification conventionnelle n’offre pas. C’est le concept d’adaptabilité qui est à la base de toute stratégie visant à permettre le changement en architecture et en habitation, d’autant plus lorsqu’il s’agit d’un espace supplétif. À cet effet, l’espace supplétif va recourir à l’approche Open Building afin d’appliquer le concept d’adaptabilité, en raison de ses avantages majeurs tant au niveau conceptuel que constructif. Différentes applications de l’approche Open Building, telles que le projet NEXT21 et le protocole KSI (Kikou support and Infill), offrent des exemples susceptibles de constituer d’efficaces lignes directrices pour la conception d’un espace supplétif. La faisabilité du modèle d’espace supplétif proposé est vérifiable et démontrable dans le monde réel. Les systèmes constructifs industrialisés sont en mesure de permettre le changement sans démolition car leurs joints mécaniques « à sec » rencontrent généralement les normes DfD (Design for Disassembly), non seulement en ce qui concerne l’espace supplétif mais pour l’ensemble du logement. / Demographics and lifestyles have changed considerably in the past few decades. These changes are bound to influence the design of housing and they notably include a series of emerging needs: additional spatial needs due to additional activities brought to the traditional housing premises. Planning for those emerging needs is the main theme of this thesis. In a typical single-family detached house, the basement is available to accommodate the spatial requirements for these emerging needs. However, such a provision does not typically exist in multi-family housing. This thesis proposes a specific additional space to accommodate these emerging needs: the supplementary space. Although such a space has not been explored in the literature, there are precedents for its application in multi-family floor planning. The objective of this study is to provide guidelines for the design and the integration of this supplementary space. It relies on the systems approach as the design-decision methodology due to its logic of deducting the solution from the analysis of the objective. Applying the systems approach means that all the criteria corresponding to the specific purpose of the supplementary space will be extrapolated from the objective. However, once the supplementary space is being used to deal with emerging needs, it will then introduce its own relevant criteria. This study will start with the criteria for designing a home office because this is the most demanding emerging needs activity. The criteria are organized as vectors of a generic model indicating how the supplementary space can be formulated. The model will target the workplace at home and subsequently offer solutions to them. This study focuses on the planning provisions dealing mainly with visual and spatial privacy. The overall outcome of the model is to suggest guidelines to incorporate the supplementary space within multi-family residential buildings, a feature not offered in traditional planning. The concept of adaptability is the key design strategy to accommodate change in architecture and housing, even more in the case of a supplementary space. Therefore, the supplementary space model will apply the concept of adaptability through the Open Building (OB) approach; elaborating more on the practical design and construction features. Different OB applications, such as the NEXT21 project and the KSI (Kikou Support and Infill) protocol in Japan, are examples that can be used as efficient guidelines to design a supplementary space. The feasibility of the supplementary space model can be validated and served in the real world. Industrialized building systems are capable of accommodating change without demolition as their dry mechanical joints are generally at meeting the DfD (design for disassembly) standards, not only for the supplementary space but also for the whole dwelling unit.