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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
201

Técnicas para estimativa de FRFS angulares em análise modal experimental com aplicações a estruturas do tipo viga / Techniques for the estimation of angular FRFs in modal testing with applications to beam type structures

Lofrano, Melina 30 July 2003 (has links)
Este trabalho realiza uma investigação sobre técnicas experimentais para a determinação de Funções de Resposta em Freqüência (FRFs) angulares com aplicações em estruturas do tipo viga. Estas FRFs são definidas considerando-se como variável de saída o movimento angular (deslocamento, velocidade ou aceleração) exibido pela estrutura sob estudo quando a mesma é excitada por uma força linear ou um momento puro. Dada a grande dificuldade em se aplicar um momento puro à estrutura sob estudo, este trabalho utiliza como forma de excitação apenas esforços lineares que podem ser aplicados através de técnicas usuais de excitação em análise modal, tais como o excitador eletrodinâmico e o martelo impulsivo. Portanto as FRFs obtidas descrevem relações de saída e entrada do tipo Angular/Linear. Uma das técnicas utilizadas na determinação das FRFs angulares consiste na excitação de uma estrutura com um excitador eletrodinâmico e utilização de um corpo rígido na forma de um bloco T que é montado sobre a estrutura sob estudo. Dois acelerômetros lineares devem ser montados sobre o bloco T e a partir das duas acelerações lineares medidas buscam-se estimar um sinal proporcional à aceleração angular da estrutura no ponto de conexão. Outra técnica utiliza uma formulação via diferenças finitas, onde dois ou três acelerômetros (de acordo com a formulação de diferenças finitas utilizada) igualmente espaçados são montados diretamente sobre a estrutura sob estudo e são usados para se derivar à aceleração angular. Os resultados obtidos a partir destas técnicas são comparados com resultados obtidos a partir da utilização de um acelerômetro angular piezelétrico recentemente disponível no mercado. Também foram desenvolvidos modelos analíticos e computacionais via método dos elementos finitos a fim de se gerar subsídios adicionais para a análise dos resultados. Foram feitas várias constatações e dentre elas destacam-se resultados onde as FRFs angulares/lineares resultantes podem sofrer alterações significativas dependendo de como os dados experimentais são processados. / The present work aims to perform an investigation on experimental techniques for the determination of angular Frequency Response Functions (FRFs) in Modal Testing. Angular FRFs are those where the output variable is given by angular displacement, velocity or acceleration, whereas the input is given in terms of linear or angular quantities (a pure moment). Since the application of a pure moment as an excitation source still remains as a challenge, this work is focused in studying techniques to estimate angular/linear types of angular FRFs. One of these techniques consists of exciting the structure with a shaker and using a rigid T-block to measure the linear accelerations and then calculating the angular FRFs from these linear accelerations. Another technique employs finite differences formulations to get the angular motions. This technique uses the closely spaced accelerometers mounted directly to the structure under test, where at least two (according to the finite difference formula employed) accelerometers are used. The translational measurements are gathered and finite difference formulas are used to derive the necessary angular quantities. Additional tests are performed with an angular piezoelectric accelerometer recently available in the market in order to provide a comparison basis for the results obtained using the two techniques. The results are also compared whit theoretical models developed using analytical and Finite Element Formulations. Among all results obtained, it was understood that depending on the level of angular vibrations exhibited by the structure, and how the signals are processed, the resulting angular FRFs can suffer some significant changes
202

Um estudo de simulação para comparação entre métodos de cálculo do número aproximado de graus de liberdade da estatística F em dados desbalanceados / A simulation study to compare the approximate number calculation methods of degrees of freedom of the F statistic in unbalanced data

Hilário, Andréia Pereira Maria 21 January 2015 (has links)
O desbalanceamento de dados em experimentos está muitas vezes presente em diversas pesquisas nas mais variadas áreas do conhecimento. Embora existam muitas maneiras de análise de tais dados, além de diversos recursos computacionais já implementados em diversos softwares estatísticos, ainda perdura dúvidas entre os pesquisadores a respeito da opção de análise mais eficiente. A literatura fornece ao pesquisador direção na escolha da metodologia de análise a obter maior eficácia nos resultados de sua pesquisa, mas o número elevado de opções pode tornar a escolha difícil. Em se tratando de testes estatísticos, algumas das opções para se trabalhar com dados desbalanceados são os testes t e Wald-F, mas ainda resta ao pesquisador decidir entre as várias opções disponíveis nos pacotes, pois nem sempre as opções padrões são as mais indicadas. No presente trabalho foram realizadas simulações com diferentes cenários experimentais, utilizando-se o delineamento casualizado em blocos com um fator de tratamento em uma situação e o esquema de tratamentos em parcelas subdividas em outra, sendo comparados quatro métodos de cálculo do número aproximado de graus de liberdade (Containment, Residual, Satterthwaite e Kenward-Roger). Verificou-se que o método de Kenward-Roger controla de maneira mais eficiente a taxa de erro tipo I e não é inferior aos outros métodos com respeito ao poder do teste Wald-F. / The data imbalance in experiments is often present in several researches in various fields of knowledge. While there are many ways to analyze these data in addition to various computer resources already implemented in many statistical software, doubt still lingers among researchers about the most efficient analysis option. The literature provides the researcher direction in choosing the analysis methodology to get better in your search results, but the large number of options can make the difficult choice. When it comes to statistical tests, some of the options for working with unbalanced data are the tests t and Wald-F, but there is still the researcher to decide between the various options available in the packages because the defaults are not always the most suitable. This experiment was carried out simulations with different experimental scenarios, using the randomized block design with one factor in a situation treatment and treatment regimen subdivided parcels in another, and compared four methods of calculating the approximate number of degrees of freedom (Containment, Residual, Satterthwaite and Kenward-Roger). It has been found that the method of Kenward-Roger controls more efficiently the type I error rate and is not inferior to other methods with respect to the power of the test Wald-F.
203

A expansão das licenciaturas no Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia de São Paulo: percursos e características / The expansion of teachers´ degrees at the Federal Institute of Education, Science, and Technology of São Paulo: routes and characteristics

Lima, Maria Flávia Batista 26 November 2015 (has links)
A presente dissertação discute a expansão das licenciaturas no Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia de São Paulo (IFSP), no marco da política governamental de criação dos Institutos Federais (IFs). Os IFs foram criados por meio da Lei nº 11.892/2008, na perspectiva de reorganizar o ensino da rede federal profissional tecnológica com a aglutinação das seguintes instituições: Escolas Agrotécnicas Federais (EAFs), Escolas Técnicas Federais (ETFs), Centros Federais de Educação Tecnológica (CEFETs) e Escolas Técnicas Vinculadas às Universidades Federais (EVs). Historicamente as instituições dessa rede atuaram, de forma preponderante, na oferta de educação profissional técnica de nível médio; contudo, a oferta de cursos de nível superior foi sendo ampliada na rede, especialmente, com a criação dos Institutos Federais. Esta pesquisa utilizou procedimentos metodológicos quantitativos e constatou expansão no percentual de matriculados em cursos de graduação, sobretudo em cursos de licenciaturas nos IFs. Nesse sentido, o estudo aprofundou a investigação com procedimentos metodológicos qualitativos sobre a construção dos cursos de licenciatura no IFSP, principalmente com a coleta de informações sobre os percursos, as características e as concepções que envolveram a construção da formação de professores nesse espaço. Finalmente, verificou-se que os cursos de licenciaturas foram criados, sobretudo, com a justificativa de falta de professores para atuação na educação básica e pela proposta governamental de utilização das instalações da rede federal profissional tecnológica para este fim. A criação dos cursos envolveu diferentes opiniões dos profissionais da instituição que não apresentaram consenso sobre esse novo lócus de formação de professores, desde as primeiras experiências com as licenciaturas criadas ainda no CEFET-SP. O crescimento desses cursos foi impulsionado também nos campi do interior, após a criação do IFSP. Entretanto, o desenvolvimento das licenciaturas envolve ainda um processo em construção na instituição, pois implica a ampliação de espaços, a contratação de profissionais e a aquisição de equipamentos e materiais específicos aos cursos. O modelo de formação de professores em funcionamento enfatiza os conhecimentos específicos disciplinares dos cursos, pois ainda há poucas discussões em torno das questões propriamente pedagógicas. / This thesis discusses the expansion of teachers´ degrees at the Federal Institute of Education, Science, and Technology of São Paulo (IFSP), in the perspective of the governmental policy of establishing Federal Institutes (IFs). IFs were created by Act No. 11,892/2008, with the purpose of reorganizing instruction in the federal professional technological system by merging the following institutions: Federal Agro-Technical Schools (EAFs), Federal Technical Schools (ETFs), Federal Centers of Technological Education (CEFETs) and Technical Schools Linked to Federal Universities (EVs). Historically, the institution in this network have acted predominantly to provide professional technical education in senior high-school level; however, the offering of higher education courses was gradually expanded in the system, especially upon the establishment of the Federal Institutes. This study utilized quantitative methodological procedures and has found a growth in the percentage of students registered in undergraduate courses, mainly in teachers´ degrees in the IFs. Thus, the study conducted an in-depth investigation with qualitative methodological procedures concerning the construction of the teachers´ degrees in the IFSP, fundamentally with the gathering of information about the routes, characteristics, and conceptions involving the construction of teacher education in this area. Finally, I have found that the teachers´ degrees were created mainly under the justification of the lack of teachers to work in basic education and the governmental proposal of using the facilities of the federal professional technological system for this purpose. Setting up such degrees involved different opinions of the professionals in the institution which did not end up in a consensus about his new place of teacher education, since the early experiences with the teachers´ degrees created when there was still the CEFET-SP. The growth of these courses was also impelled in the campuses located in the countryside, after the IFSP was established. However, the development of teachers´ degrees still involves a process under progress within the institution, as it requires physical facilities to be built, professionals to be hired, and the purchase of equipment and materials that are specific for each undergraduate course. The model of teacher education in place emphasizes the specific knowledge of each discipline delivered in each course, as there is still little debate around the very pedagogical issues.
204

La narration en poésie : pièges et enjeux d'une terminologie difficile / Narration in Poetry : Pitfalls and Issues of a Difficult Terminology

Croset, Grégoire January 2015 (has links)
In this analytical research paper, the notions of narrator and narration in poetry are discussed in order to identify why the terminology in this particular genre is considered as problematic by most theorists. In its theoretical section, this paper focuses on Philippe Lejeune’s autobiographical and biographical pacts, and shows the limits of the two reading contracts in the poetical genre. Then, on the background of Brian McHale and Stefan Kjerkegaard’s works on segmentivity, this paper explains the narrative process that can be found in the visual form of poetry. Finally, discussing Brian McAllister and Marie-Laure Ryan’s works on narrativity, this study explains that a story is a mental image that the transposition to a media will transform in order to best represent according to its own limits. In its analytical part, and mirroring the theoretical part, this study focuses on identifying the narrator, the narrative process, as well as the degree of narrativity of four poems by David Diop, Charles Pennequin, Ilse Garnier and Pierre Garnier. Thoses poems, chosen on the ground that they are good representative examples of narrative poetry, lyric poetry and visual poetry, help test the theories in practice. The results show that in the narrative poem, although the identity of the narrator is hard to establish, the narrative process is clear and the degree of narrativity is high. In the lyric and visual poems on the other hand, even if the segmentivity theory helps ‘reconstruct’ the narration when linking words are missing, the difficulty to identify narrative events in the lyric poem and a story world in the case of the visual poetry makes the emergence of a story world, and in turn of a narrator, problematic.
205

As trajetórias estudantis em licenciaturas com baixas taxas de diplomação : tendências e resistências / Student pathways in bachelor's degrees with low rates of graduating : tendencies and resistances

Paz, Cláudia Terra do Nascimento January 2016 (has links)
Esta tese tratou da formação inicial de professores em cursos de licenciatura com baixas taxas de diplomação, buscando investigar as tendências das trajetórias estudantis nessas licenciaturas, a partir da perspectiva da resistência. Foram estudados os cursos de licenciaturas de Física e de Filosofia da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul e investigadas as trajetórias de 845 estudantes, através do método do diagnóstico do fluxo de estudantes, no período de 2000 a 2015, compondo 15 coortes de análise em cada curso. A Licenciatura de Filosofia apresentou percentual médio de evasão de 60,64% por abandono, de 18,29% por mobilidade e de 20,5% de diplomação. Os alunos permaneceram no curso três anos e oito meses em média e integralizam 37,22% do currículo. A Licenciatura de Física apresentou percentual médio de evasão por abandono de 72,57%, de mobilidade de 11,70% e de diplomação de 15,72%. Os estudantes permaneceram no curso quatro anos em média e integralizam 31% do currículo. Vários estudos já identificaram que os principais motivos do abandono nesses cursos estão ligados a impossibilidade de conciliar estudos e trabalho; insatisfações relacionadas à ausência de trajetórias formativas flexíveis e altos percentuais de repetência em disciplinas distantes da prática pedagógica, além do desprestigio da profissão docente. Tais variáveis também se mostraram válidas para a realidade dos cursos investigados, uma vez que os mesmos possuem percentual significativo de estudantes trabalhadores, de um lado, e opções curriculares que explicitam estratégias de poder utilizadas em prol de percursos formativos conservadores, longos e rígidos, bem como elementos históricos nacionais envolvendo esses cursos, de outro. Assim, considerando os campos acadêmicos de disputas de poder, parece que os estudantes estão resistindo a essas mesmas forças que insistem no conservadorismo e que impedem a construção de uma identidade docente. No entanto, essa resistência não se dá como um enfrentamento frontal, mas como forma de re-existência e como possibilidade alternativa de escolha. Assim, a tese que defendo é a de que as trajetórias analisadas são de resistência e não de fracasso. / This dissertation is focused on initial training of teachers attending bachelor’s degrees with low rates of graduation, investigating tendencies of the student pathways in these bachelor’s degrees from the perspective of resistance. The courses that have been studied were Physics and Philosophy of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul. It has been investigated pathways of 845 students through the diagnostic of students flow method from 2000 to 2015 with 15 coortes of analysis in each course. The Licentiate in Philosophy presented an average percentage of evasion of 60,64% due to abandonment, 18,29% due to mobility and 20,5% due to graduation. The students remained in the course on the average time of three years and eight months and integrated 37,22% of the academic curriculum. The Licentiate in Physics presented an average percentage of evasion of 72,57% due to abandonment, of 11,70% due to mobility and 15,72% due to graduation. The students remained in the course for an average of four years and integrated 31% of the academic curriculum. Several studies had already identified that the main reasons of evasion due abandonment in these courses are related to the impossibility of reconciling study and work purposes; dissatisfactions related to the absence of flexible training paths and high percentage of grade repetition in subjects that are far from a pedagogical practice, apart from the discredit of teaching profession. On one side these variables turned up applicable to the reality of the investigated courses as they have a meaningful percentage of working students and curriculum options that define empowerment strategies driven by a conservative prolonged and strict formation journey, as well as national historical elements involving these courses, on the other side. Therefore, considering the academic fields of power related disputes, it seems that the students are resisting to those same forces which insist in conservatism and hinder the construction of a teaching identity. Nevertheless, this resistance does not happen as a direct confrontation but as a re-existence and an alternative choice. Therefore, the thesis that I defend is that the analyzed pathways are of resistance and not of failure.
206

A expansão das licenciaturas no Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia de São Paulo: percursos e características / The expansion of teachers´ degrees at the Federal Institute of Education, Science, and Technology of São Paulo: routes and characteristics

Maria Flávia Batista Lima 26 November 2015 (has links)
A presente dissertação discute a expansão das licenciaturas no Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia de São Paulo (IFSP), no marco da política governamental de criação dos Institutos Federais (IFs). Os IFs foram criados por meio da Lei nº 11.892/2008, na perspectiva de reorganizar o ensino da rede federal profissional tecnológica com a aglutinação das seguintes instituições: Escolas Agrotécnicas Federais (EAFs), Escolas Técnicas Federais (ETFs), Centros Federais de Educação Tecnológica (CEFETs) e Escolas Técnicas Vinculadas às Universidades Federais (EVs). Historicamente as instituições dessa rede atuaram, de forma preponderante, na oferta de educação profissional técnica de nível médio; contudo, a oferta de cursos de nível superior foi sendo ampliada na rede, especialmente, com a criação dos Institutos Federais. Esta pesquisa utilizou procedimentos metodológicos quantitativos e constatou expansão no percentual de matriculados em cursos de graduação, sobretudo em cursos de licenciaturas nos IFs. Nesse sentido, o estudo aprofundou a investigação com procedimentos metodológicos qualitativos sobre a construção dos cursos de licenciatura no IFSP, principalmente com a coleta de informações sobre os percursos, as características e as concepções que envolveram a construção da formação de professores nesse espaço. Finalmente, verificou-se que os cursos de licenciaturas foram criados, sobretudo, com a justificativa de falta de professores para atuação na educação básica e pela proposta governamental de utilização das instalações da rede federal profissional tecnológica para este fim. A criação dos cursos envolveu diferentes opiniões dos profissionais da instituição que não apresentaram consenso sobre esse novo lócus de formação de professores, desde as primeiras experiências com as licenciaturas criadas ainda no CEFET-SP. O crescimento desses cursos foi impulsionado também nos campi do interior, após a criação do IFSP. Entretanto, o desenvolvimento das licenciaturas envolve ainda um processo em construção na instituição, pois implica a ampliação de espaços, a contratação de profissionais e a aquisição de equipamentos e materiais específicos aos cursos. O modelo de formação de professores em funcionamento enfatiza os conhecimentos específicos disciplinares dos cursos, pois ainda há poucas discussões em torno das questões propriamente pedagógicas. / This thesis discusses the expansion of teachers´ degrees at the Federal Institute of Education, Science, and Technology of São Paulo (IFSP), in the perspective of the governmental policy of establishing Federal Institutes (IFs). IFs were created by Act No. 11,892/2008, with the purpose of reorganizing instruction in the federal professional technological system by merging the following institutions: Federal Agro-Technical Schools (EAFs), Federal Technical Schools (ETFs), Federal Centers of Technological Education (CEFETs) and Technical Schools Linked to Federal Universities (EVs). Historically, the institution in this network have acted predominantly to provide professional technical education in senior high-school level; however, the offering of higher education courses was gradually expanded in the system, especially upon the establishment of the Federal Institutes. This study utilized quantitative methodological procedures and has found a growth in the percentage of students registered in undergraduate courses, mainly in teachers´ degrees in the IFs. Thus, the study conducted an in-depth investigation with qualitative methodological procedures concerning the construction of the teachers´ degrees in the IFSP, fundamentally with the gathering of information about the routes, characteristics, and conceptions involving the construction of teacher education in this area. Finally, I have found that the teachers´ degrees were created mainly under the justification of the lack of teachers to work in basic education and the governmental proposal of using the facilities of the federal professional technological system for this purpose. Setting up such degrees involved different opinions of the professionals in the institution which did not end up in a consensus about his new place of teacher education, since the early experiences with the teachers´ degrees created when there was still the CEFET-SP. The growth of these courses was also impelled in the campuses located in the countryside, after the IFSP was established. However, the development of teachers´ degrees still involves a process under progress within the institution, as it requires physical facilities to be built, professionals to be hired, and the purchase of equipment and materials that are specific for each undergraduate course. The model of teacher education in place emphasizes the specific knowledge of each discipline delivered in each course, as there is still little debate around the very pedagogical issues.
207

Método graus dia para avaliação do desempenho energético de uma edificação unifamiliar em diferentes condições climáticas. / Method degrees-day for evaluation of the energy performance of a construction unifamiliar in different climatic conditions.

Vendramin, Aurea Lúcia 12 July 2007 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2017-05-12T14:47:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Aurea Lucia Vendramini.pdf: 426775 bytes, checksum: 564553d1ce5ca6d797acb90f3cf07ad3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-07-12 / The necessity of the application of climatic data for evaluation of energy performance in unifamiliares constructions if has become each more important time. Attempting against for this fact, one becomes necessary that these 0 variable are worked of form if to get resulted efficient. Studies in this area are very recent in Brazil and also exist a difficulty in the survey of the necessary registers. The present work used a method of degrees - days for an evaluation of the energy performance of a unifamiliar construction it showed - that in the conception of a project architectural it always must be taken in consideration of the materials used in the construction and size of the openings. The energy performance was gotten by means of the model of degrees - days, considering - the localization of the unifamiliar residence in, cities of Cascavel, Curitiba, Foz do Iguaçu and Londrina. For this the climatic data of such localities had been gotten and at as a moment, the energy performance of the construction was gotten the total coefficient of loss of heat in the unifamiliar construction daily pay-established evaluating thus the conditions of thermal comfort. The method of estimate based on the information of used temperature of air in this study can be applied to other geographic localities. It observed - that degrees - days of heating in the winter are of 77.78 for Curitiba and 0.00 for Foz do Iguaçu in the temperature base of 14°C. E degrees - days of cooling 30,17 in the winter. The energy consumed in Foz do Iguaçu to heat the residence is of 4650.07 kWh annual and the consumption of annual energy to heat the residence in Curitiba is of 6277.02 kWh, to change of 50% ITA in double glass. / A necessidade da aplicação de dados climáticos para avaliação de desempenho energético em edificações unifamiliares tem se tornado cada vez mais importante. Atentando para esse fato, é necessário que essas variáveis sejam trabalhadas de forma a se obter resultados eficazes. Estudos na área são muito recentes no Brasil e existe também uma dificuldade no levantamento dos registros necessários. O presente trabalho utilizou um método de graus dias para uma avaliação do desempenho energético de uma edificação unifamiliar que mostrou que na concepção de um projeto arquitetônico devem ser sempre considerados os materiais empregados na edificação e o tamanho das aberturas. O desempenho energético foi obtido por meio do modelo de graus dias, considerando se a localização da residência unifamiliar nas cidades de Cascavel, Curitiba, Foz do Iguaçu e Londrina. Para isso foram obtidos os dados climáticos dessas localidades e, em um segundo momento, foi obtido o coeficiente total de perda de calor na edificação unifamiliar pré-estabelecida avaliando-se assim as condições de conforto térmico o desempenho energético da edificação. O método de estimativa baseado nas informações de temperatura do ar usado neste estudo pode ser aplicado a outras localidades geográficas. Observou se que graus dias de aquecimento no inverno são de 77,78 para Curitiba e de 0,00 para Foz do Iguaçu na temperatura base de 14°C. E graus dias de resfriamento 30,17 no inverno. A energia consumida em Foz do Iguaçu para aquecer a residência é de 4650.07 kWh anual e o consumo de energia anual para aquecer a residência em Curitiba é de 6277.02 kWh, para trocas de 50% de ITA em vidros duplos.
208

Conception, développement et évaluation de techniques d'interactions fluides pour des environnements multidimensionnels : application aux logiciels du service public / Conception, development and evaluation of fluid interaction techniques for multidimensional environments : application on public services' software

Perelman, Gary 02 October 2018 (has links)
Les travaux de cette thèse s'inscrivent dans une collaboration avec l'entreprise Berger-Levrault, acteur majeur du développement de logiciels de gestion administrative pour les services publics. Ces travaux s'appuient sur deux constats. D'une part, la politique de numérisation des services publics induit la nécessité de disposer de logiciels adaptés aux métiers de l'ensemble des établissements publics. Ces logiciels sont complexes et particulièrement riches comparativement aux logiciels de bureautique classiquement utilisés. D'autre part, on observe que les dispositifs utilisés pour interagir avec ces logiciels n'évoluent que très peu. Depuis plusieurs décennies, la souris et le clavier restent la norme dans un environnement fixe. Or, ces dispositifs ne possèdent que peu de degrés de libertés en entrée. La manipulation de données multidimensionnelles avec ceux-ci induit un plus grand nombre d'étapes pour réaliser une tâche, rallongeant ainsi le chemin d'interaction. Dans ce contexte, l'objectif de ces travaux de thèse est de contribuer à la fluidification de l'interaction avec des données multidimensionnelles, contenues dans les logiciels du service public, au travers de l'augmentation des degrés de libertés en entrée proposés par les dispositifs. En effet, une plus grande quantité de degrés de libertés en entrée réduirait le nombre d'étapes nécessaires à la réalisation d'une tâche donnée, fluidifiant ainsi l'interaction. Nous proposons 3 contributions majeures : un dispositif à multiples degrés de libertés, la Roly-Poly Mouse ; un espace de conception, DECO ; ainsi qu'un ensemble de techniques d'interaction avec dispositifs mobiles basées sur le principe du stacking. Une première contribution de nos travaux consiste en la conception d'un nouveau dispositif à multiples degrés de liberté : la Roly-Poly Mouse (RPM). Ce dispositif, dont la base est arrondie, vise à remplacer la souris traditionnelle. Il possède 6 degrés de libertés (3 translations dont 2 exploitées et 3 rotations). Nous avons évalué ses performances et l'avons comparé à d'autres dispositifs pour une tâche nécessitant 6 degrés de libertés (manipulation d'objet 3D). Une seconde contribution de nos travaux consiste en la définition d'un espace de conception se focalisant sur l'aspect physique de la composition de dispositifs : DECO. DECO s'appuie sur deux axes : l'arrangement physique et la manipulation physique. À partir de cet espace de conception, nous avons conçu un dispositif composé : la Roly-Poly Mouse 2, un dispositif composé d'une Roly-Poly Mouse et d'une souris traditionnelle. Nous avons évalué ses performances et l'avons comparé à d'autres dispositifs au travers d'une tâche de RST (Rotate-Scale-Translate, tâche 5D). [...] / The work of this thesis is part of a collaboration with the company Berger-Levrault, a major actor in the development of administrative management software for public services. This work is based on two observations. On the first hand, the policy of digitization of public services induces the need for software adapted to the professions of all public institutions. These software are complex and particularly rich compared to classically used office software (Office, mailbox, etc.). On the other hand, we observe that the devices used to interact with these software did not evolve. Since several decades, the mouse and the keyboard remain the norm in a fixed environment. However, these devices have only few input degrees of freedom. The manipulation of multidimensional data with these devices induces a greater number of steps to perform a task, thus lengthening the interaction path. In this context, the objective of these thesis work is to improve the interaction flow with multidimensional data contained in the software of the public service through the increase of the input degrees of freedom proposed by the devices. Indeed, a larger amount of input degrees of freedom would reduce the number of steps necessary to the accomplishment of a given task, thus improving the interaction flow. We propose three major contributions: a device with multiple degrees of freedom, the Roly-Poly Mouse; a design space, DECO; as well as a set of interaction techniques with mobile devices based on the principle of stacking. A first contribution of our work is the design of a new device with multiple degrees of freedom: the Roly-Poly Mouse (RPM). This device, whose base is rounded, aims to replace the traditional mouse. It has 6 degrees of freedom (3 translations of which 2 exploited and 3 rotations). We evaluated its performance and compared it to other devices for a task requiring 6 degrees of freedom (3D object manipulation). A second contribution of our work is the definition of a design space focusing on the physical aspect of the composition of devices: DECO. DECO relies on two axes: physical arrangement and physical manipulation. From this design space, we designed a compound device: the Roly-Poly Mouse 2, a device consisting of the combination of a Roly-Poly Mouse and a traditional mouse. We evaluated its performance and compared it to other devices through a RST task (Rotate-Scale-Translate, 5D task). [...]
209

Laser feedback control for robotics in aircraft assembly / Laseråterkopplad styrning av robotar i flygplansmontering

Sunnanbo, Albin January 2003 (has links)
<p>The aim of this thesis is to investigate how the absolute accuracy of an industrial robot can be increased by monitoring the position of the robot. The motive is to automate high precision, low volume production such as aircraft industry. A laser tracker that can measure both position and orientation with very high accuracy isused to monitor the robot tool position. The robot and laser tracker are integrated via a standard computer. </p><p>The abilities and performance of the robot, with and without feedback from the laser tracker, are investigated. Robotic drilling is performed with supervision and control from the laser tracker. </p><p>The system is implemented and tested on parts of a demonstrator for new aircraft assembly techniques. The ability to position components with internal friction to (+/-)0.05 mm absolute accuracy is shown.</p>
210

Experimental Investigation of a lift augmented ground effect platform

Igue, Roberto T. January 2005 (has links)
Thesis (M.S.)--Air Force Institute of Technology, 2005. / "September 2005" Also available as a PDF file on the Air Force Institute of Technlogy website.

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