Introdução: A Organização Mundial de Saúde (OMS) define segurança do paciente como a ausência de danos preveníveis ao paciente durante o processo de assistência à saúde. Devido ao volume e à diversidade de serviços oferecidos na Atenção Primária em Saúde (APS), o tema deve fazer parte do foco de atenção, pois inúmeras são as oportunidades e possibilidades de se causar danos decorrentes do processo assistencial. O Brasil recentemente lançou o Programa Nacional de Segurança do Paciente. Entretanto, a segurança do paciente na APS ainda é um caminho a ser trilhado, com o estabelecimento desta cultura na prática diária de cada profissional. Objetivo: Desenvolver um instrumento de notificação de incidentes que seja aplicável e específico para os serviços de APS, favorecendo a identificação e análise dos incidentes que ocorrem neste nível de assistência e incentivando ações de melhoria que os mitiguem, contribuindo para incorporação da cultura de segurança por profissionais, gestores e instâncias governamentais. Método: Um formulário estruturado a partir da revisão de literatura e da prática de profissionais de atenção primária foi submetido, através da técnica Delphi, a um painel de especialistas que emitiram sua concordância e contribuições para seu desenvolvimento e composição. Resultados: O formulário foi submetido a três rodadas da técnica Delphi para atingir o nível de concordância estabelecido como critério. Na primeira rodada, o formulário obteve 6,3 de media de concordância e 61% de concordância parcial ou total e, ao final da terceira rodada, o formulário reformulado alcançou 8,8 de media de concordância e 95% de concordância parcial ou total. Conclusões: O estudo atingiu o objetivo proposto e a versão final do formulário deverá ser submetida a testes piloto em unidades de saúde da atenção primária que permitam sua validação e aprimoramento. Espera-se que o desenvolvimento deste instrumento permita a documentação e avaliação dos incidentes que afetam a segurança do paciente e contribua para a melhoria da assistência em serviços de atenção primária à saúde. / Introduction: The World Health Organization (WHO) defines patient safety as the absence of preventable harm to a patient during the process of health care. Due to the immensity and diversity of primary care services, the concern should be part of the focus of attention, because there are countless opportunities and possibilities of harmful events as a consequence of the care process. Brazil recently launched the National Program for Patient Safety. However, patient safety in the primary care is still a way to go, with the establishment of this culture in the daily practice of each professional. Aim: Develop a form for reporting incidents applicable and specific to the primary care services that promotes the identification and analysis of incidents taking place at this level of assistance and encouraging improvement actions that mitigate and contribute to the incorporation of safety culture by professionals, managers and government. Method: A structured form based upon a literature review and primary care professionals practice was submitted by Delphi technique, an expert panel that issued your agreement and contributions to its development and structure. Results: The form was submitted for three rounds of the Delphi technique to achieve the level of agreement established as a criterion. At the first round, the form obtained 6.3 media concordance and 61% partial or complete agreement, and at the end of the third round, the reformulated form of agreement reached 8.8 media and 95% partial or complete agreement. Conclusions: The research reached the proposed objective and the final version of the form must be submitted to pilot tests in primary care units to enable validation and improvement. It is expected that the development of this instrument allows the documentation and evaluation of incidents affecting patient safety and contribute to the improvement of care in primary care services.

O gerenciamento dos riscos constitui um dos pontos fundamentais para o sucesso de projetos de implantação de um Enterprise Resource Planning - Sistema Integrado de Gestão (ERP), visto que são trabalhos complexos com grandes investimentos, longos períodos e alto risco. Um aspecto que influencia significativamente os projetos e que deveria ser considerado na análise de riscos é a sazonalidade, apesar de ser pouco abordado na literatura. Neste sentido, este trabalho tem como objetivo identificar e analisar os métodos e recursos de análise de riscos mais adequados para projetos de implantação de ERP influenciados por incertezas sazonais. No contexto desse trabalho, entende-se por incertezas sazonais como incertezas que ocorrem em determinados períodos do ano, enquanto que a probabilidade de ocorrência será diferente nesses períodos em relação aos outros períodos do ano. Para alcançar o objetivo, esse trabalho foi dividido em quatro partes. A primeira delas é a Revisão Sistemática da Literatura (RSL), que foi realizada para identificar métodos recentemente utilizados por pesquisas da literatura para analisar riscos em projetos. Posteriormente, com os trabalhos selecionados na RSL, foi realizada uma análise de conteúdo semântica para decompor os métodos identificados em recursos de análise de riscos. O grau de importância dos recursos de análise de riscos para os projetos de implantação de ERP influenciados por incertezas sazonais foi validado através da técnica Delphi, com o apoio de especialistas em gerenciamento de projetos. A técnica Delphi foi realizada em duas rodadas que duraram aproximadamente 30 dias cada uma, finalizando a segunda rodada com uma concordância forte entre as opiniões entre 16 participantes, calculada através do coeficiente de concordância W de Kendall. Por fim, as informações obtidas com a técnica Delphi permitiram também priorizar dos métodos de análise de riscos para esses tipos de projetos. O resultado obtido com esta pesquisa foi a identificação de seis métodos e oito recursos mais adequados para analisar riscos em projetos de implantação de ERP influenciados por incertezas sazonais. Destaca-se dentre os métodos de análise de riscos mais adequados o método Matriz de Probabilidade e Impacto, pois foi identificado na literatura utilizando recursos \"Análise de probabilidade e impacto\", \"Matriz de probabilidade e impacto\" e \"Riscos categorizados por fase do projeto\", classificados como muito importantes para analisar riscos nesses tipos de projetos. Também foram analisadas, separadamente, as importâncias atribuídas aos recursos de análise de riscos pelos grupos de participantes do painel Delphi, formados por Profissionais de Projetos e Profissionais de Diretoria. Dentre os seis métodos de análise de riscos mais adequados para projetos de implantação de ERP influenciados por incertezas sazonais, três métodos não são tradicionais na área de gerenciamento de riscos em projetos, o que contribui para profissionais e pesquisadores passem a conhecer e considerar tais métodos nesses tipos de projetos / Risk management is one of the key points for the success of Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) implementation projects, since they are complex jobs with large investments, long periods and high risk. One aspect that significantly influences the projects and that should be considered in the risk analysis is the seasonality, although it has been low discussed in the literature. In this respect, this work aims to identify and analyze the most suitable resources risk analysis methods and resources for ERP implementation projects influenced by seasonal uncertainties. In the context of this work, seasonal uncertainties mean uncertainties taking place at certain times of the year, while the probability of appearance will be different from these periods to others. To reach the goal, this work was divided into four parts. The first of these is the Systematic Review of Literature, which was carried out to identify methods used recently in literature researches to analyze risks in projects. Subsequently, with the selected papers in the RSL, a semantic content analysis was performed to decompose the methods identified in risk analysis resources. The importance degree of the risk analysis resources to the ERP implementation projects influenced by seasonal uncertainties was validated through the Delphi technique, with the support of project management specialists. The Delphi technique was performed in two rounds that lasted approximately 30 days each, finishing the second round with a high agreement of opinions among 16 participants, calculated through the coefficient of agreement W of Kendall. Finally, the information obtained with the Delphi technique also allowed to prioritize the risk analysis methods for these types of projects. The result obtained with this research was the identification of six most suitable methods and eight most suitable resources to analyze risks in ERP implementation projects influenced by seasonal uncertainties. Among the most adequate risk analysis methods, the Probability and Impact Matrix method was a highlight, as it was identified in the literature using resources like \"Probability and impact analysis\", \"Probability and impact matrix\" and \"Risks categorized by project phase\", classified as very important to analyze risks in these types of projects. It was also analyzed, separately, the importance given to the risk analysis resources by the Delphi panel participants, formed by Project Professionals and Directing Professionals. Among the six most suitable risk analysis methods for ERP implementation projects influenced by seasonal uncertainties, three methods are not traditional in the project risk management area, which contributes to professionals and researchers to know and consider such methods in these types of projects

Mobility, the movement of students from school to school, affects students, classrooms, schools, and systems. Extensive research has been conducted on the relationship between mobility and student academics. Although the research has not determined mobility is the cause of lower academic scores, it is certainly a contributing factor. Most students with high mobility rates also have difficulty in math, reading, or language. Teachers of classrooms with these students tend to "flatten" the curriculum by reviewing more than usual. Long-range planning for these students can be difficult. Schools and systems may plan programs for students who have moved on by the next year or not have needed programs in place for new students. This study determined strategies that the educational community can use to ease the transition of students from school to school. Using the Delphi technique, a panel of experts suggested, refined, and prioritized strategies for use by the classroom teacher, the school, the school system and the community. This panel was comprised of persons who had experience working with or studying mobile students. Researchers and directors of organizations whose primary function dealt with mobile students were members of the panel. School administrators, teachers, social workers, and guidance counselors from schools who not only have a high mobility rate, but also have developed programs for these students served on the panel as well. Through the use of three rounds of questionnaires, consensus was reached on a number of strategies. The highest ranked strategy for students transferring into and out of the school dwelt with the quick retrieval of complete and up-to-date records. Whenever possible, a transfer slip with pertinent information should be sent with the student. Making the student feel welcome and a part of the school was deemed highly important as was helping the family become familiar with the community. Systems should not only provide staff development in schools with high mobility, but also fund programs geared to meet the needs of these students. Using the strategies suggested by the Delphi Panel, the negative effects of mobility may be lessened.

Abstract The research uses reference materials from the insurance industry and the insurance brokerer industry, to do further study and analysis. Then we use a business case study ¡V Tai-yung Insurance Broker (Beijing) Co., to understand the past development of the company. After further study, a qualitative analysis is used through interviews with several insurance industry¡¦s experts and managers. In addition to understanding the differences between the past and the present conditions of the industry, but to explore the opportunities and impacts the insurance brokerage industry in Taiwan might encountered to entering the mainland market after running the ECFA (Economic Cooperation Framework Agreement). Finally comes up with conclusions and recommendations. Keywords¡GThe Insurance Broker Industry¡BMainland China¡BTai-yung Insurance Broker¡BExpert Interview( Delphi technique)¡BCase Study

ABSTRACT Tax revenue is the major source from which government¡¦s budget revenue and is very important to sustain the need of government¡¦s public expenditure. The increasing expenditure caused by satisfying the citizen¡¦s desire of sufficient and better local government¡¦s services on education, culture, transportation, social welfare, environmental control, public health, police, and fire protection etc., as well as the shortage of tax income caused by economic depression and the tax deduction policy of the central government had seriously deteriorated the budget deficit of the local government. In 2002, our government announced to put into practice the Local Taxation Law that empowers the local government with autonomous right to levy the local taxes. Under the current situation of economic depression, how to create new sources of tax revenue to improve the budget deficit demands an immediate attention of the local government of Kaohsiung County. This study first investigates the fundamental theory of local tax, our local tax system, and local tax system of other countries to obtain the principles and feasible taxing items of imposing local tax. Secondly, this study uses secondary data to analyze the financial situation of Kaohsiung County and to research on the reasons of the financial problems and difficulty to understand the justification of tax hike. Thirdly, an in-depth interview to the head and deputy of finance department and county councilor was conducted to collect data. Through the literature study, secondary data analysis, and interview results to construct the questionnaire structure. Lastly, we conducted a research in Delphi Technique by sending questionnaire to Kaohsiung County councilor, tax personnel, finance personnel, and accounting personnel to study the perception and attitude of the interviewee towards to imposing new tax, appropriate new tax items, timing for imposing new tax, the problems we are facing and the strategy of resolving the problems. Throughout the activities mentioned above, this study consolidates and summarizes some conclusions as follows: 1. Our country has fewer local tax items and has room to expand compared to foreign countries. Besides, it has been years Kaohsiung County has had budget deficit. All tax income is not even enough to pay for personnel expenses. Having new tax revenue is necessary and reasonable. 2. After the passage of Local Taxation law, local tax is split into two categories. One is nation-wide local tax and the other is initiated by the local government. Expanding tax sources can be done in two ways at the same time. For one, nation -wide local tax shall meet the principles of sufficiency and stability of taxation. Specifically, an overall review on the current local tax system should be conducted. That includes the revoke of unreasonable tax reduction and increase of publicly announced land prices. By doing so, we can meet the finance demands from local governments. For two, local government can create new taxes that meet the principle of equity, neutrality, and benefit-receive. Specifically, local government can impose taxes with designated purposes of use, establishing the link between people¡¦s interests and burdens and meeting the special demand of local government finance. Combining these two ways shall solve the problem of insufficient tax. 3. The interviewees are highly recognized the implication of fiscal autonomy to the local government and are positively support the local governments to raise their financial resources via a systematic and reasonable taxation on new items of local tax. 4. The legislative body is not totally against the tax add and it possibly be approved as long as the local governments still can not resolve the budget deficit problem via it¡¦s efforts on minimizing the expenditure. 5. New taxations on certain residents or enterprises within a county might be considered as long as these earmarked tax revenue is used for designate purposes. New taxes that are suitable for Kaohsiung County to impose are Quarry Tax, Pollution Tax, and Peddler License Tax, in that order. 6. Local government should take three important actions to increase the willingness of the citizen to pay taxes and reduce the impact of tax add. First is to explain in public the benefits and purposes of the tax add and disclose the usage details of the new tax revenue. Second is to preclude from squandering tax revenue. Third is to increase the qualities of public services and facilities. 7. Imposing new taxes can help to achieve the objectives of increasing income sources and hence improving finance. It also helps to establish the link between public expenses and people¡¦s tax burden. That link will keep people from having the thoughts of ¡§ free of charge¡¨ and wasting public resources. However, Facing with the problem that elected officials have no intentions to push tax increase, it is necessary to establish elected chief¡¦s sense of responsibility for finance. The central government should take the efforts the local government makes to taxation, the financial deficit, and the debt into the rating of the competitiveness of all local governments. The rating results should be open to the public to encourage the local government to aggressively find new tax sources.

The purpose of this research is adopting IPP evaluation mode to construct the evaluation indicators of elementary schools and its weight system. By way of studying documents and analyzing the evaluation indicators of school affairs already done by 9 counties and cities, there are 3 evaluation fields, 14 evaluation items and 84 evaluation indicators generalized. The researcher chooses the Delphi expert members through recommendations and from finding the scholars who have acquired specialties related to school evaluation . The 28 members include administrative staffs from education bureaus of county and city governments, specialists from teachers training institutes, parent organization, teacher organization, school executives, and schoolteachers. The Delphi members¡¦ main task is to make a judgment about the fitness of evaluation indicators and its weight system. After 3 times of Delphi questionnaires, the fitness of evaluation indicators are acquired. In the mean time, there¡¦s one relative weight questionnaire at the third time, and AHP is adapted to construct its weight system. The research results indicate: I. The main connotations and the evaluation indicators of elementary school evaluation . II. The ¡§Delphi Questionnaires" construct the fitness of evaluation indicators contents of elementary school affairs. III. The ¡§relative weight questionnaires¡¨ construct the weight system of evaluation indicators contents of elementary school affairs. Part 1. Large evaluation fields This includes three evaluation levels, and the titles and weights are as follows: ¡§B Process indicator ¡¨ Weight 37.65% ¡§A Input indicator¡¨ Weight 32.13% ¡§C Product indicator ¡¨ Weight 30.22% Part 2. 14 evaluation Items (1) ¡§A Input indicator¡¨ includes 4 evaluation indicators , and the titles and weights are as follows: ¡§A-2 Teachers¡¦ Ability Quality" Weight 13.20% ¡§A-1 Plans and Goals¡¨ Weight 8.74% ¡§A-3 Teaching Resource Facilities¡¨ Weight 6.15% ¡§A-4 School Environment Plan¡¨ Weight 4.04% (2) ¡§B Process indicator¡¨ includes 6 evaluation indicators, and the tit 1000 les and weights are as follows: ¡§B-1 Principal Leadership¡¨ Weight 10.29% ¡§B-4 Teaching Execution¡¨ Weight 6.37% ¡§B-3 School Atmosphere¡¨ Weight 6.04% ¡§B-2 School Executive Administration" Weight 5.37% ¡§B-6 Students¡¦ Affairs and Counseling¡¨ Weight 4.08% ¡§B-4 Curriculum Design and Execution¡¨ Weight 4.78% (3) ¡§C Product indicator¡¨ includes 4 evaluation indicators, and the titles and weights are as follows: "C-1 Students¡¦ Learning Performance¡¨ Weight 15.77% ¡§C-2 Teachers¡¦ Professional Growth¡¨ Weight 7.63% "C-3 Relationship of School and Community¡¨ Weight 3.26% Part 3. 84 evaluation indicators Concerning the weights of 84 evaluation indicators are not devised in this research. The goal is to leave the right to those government education organizations to decide whether to add or subtract the evaluation indicators according to their own backgrounds and flexible application of reality. IV. The evaluation indicators of assessing elementary school affairs are construct upon ¡§Investment-Process-Production¡¨ mode, and they bear connotations of equivalent importance. V. The evaluation indicators of assessing elementary school affairs construct by this research VI. constructing the evaluation indicators of assessing elementary school affairs, the three are equally important, IPP ¡§Investment-Process-Production¡¨. VII. Based on the constructing weight order, the prior indicators may be chosen to implement evaluation if necessary. VIII. Students are the main part of education. Emphasize students' learning performance. IX. Based on the most important indicator order, the prior indexes may be chosen to implement evaluation if necessary. X. Suggestions to follow-up research

Introdução: A Organização Mundial de Saúde (OMS) define segurança do paciente como a ausência de danos preveníveis ao paciente durante o processo de assistência à saúde. Devido ao volume e à diversidade de serviços oferecidos na Atenção Primária em Saúde (APS), o tema deve fazer parte do foco de atenção, pois inúmeras são as oportunidades e possibilidades de se causar danos decorrentes do processo assistencial. O Brasil recentemente lançou o Programa Nacional de Segurança do Paciente. Entretanto, a segurança do paciente na APS ainda é um caminho a ser trilhado, com o estabelecimento desta cultura na prática diária de cada profissional. Objetivo: Desenvolver um instrumento de notificação de incidentes que seja aplicável e específico para os serviços de APS, favorecendo a identificação e análise dos incidentes que ocorrem neste nível de assistência e incentivando ações de melhoria que os mitiguem, contribuindo para incorporação da cultura de segurança por profissionais, gestores e instâncias governamentais. Método: Um formulário estruturado a partir da revisão de literatura e da prática de profissionais de atenção primária foi submetido, através da técnica Delphi, a um painel de especialistas que emitiram sua concordância e contribuições para seu desenvolvimento e composição. Resultados: O formulário foi submetido a três rodadas da técnica Delphi para atingir o nível de concordância estabelecido como critério. Na primeira rodada, o formulário obteve 6,3 de media de concordância e 61% de concordância parcial ou total e, ao final da terceira rodada, o formulário reformulado alcançou 8,8 de media de concordância e 95% de concordância parcial ou total. Conclusões: O estudo atingiu o objetivo proposto e a versão final do formulário deverá ser submetida a testes piloto em unidades de saúde da atenção primária que permitam sua validação e aprimoramento. Espera-se que o desenvolvimento deste instrumento permita a documentação e avaliação dos incidentes que afetam a segurança do paciente e contribua para a melhoria da assistência em serviços de atenção primária à saúde. / Introduction: The World Health Organization (WHO) defines patient safety as the absence of preventable harm to a patient during the process of health care. Due to the immensity and diversity of primary care services, the concern should be part of the focus of attention, because there are countless opportunities and possibilities of harmful events as a consequence of the care process. Brazil recently launched the National Program for Patient Safety. However, patient safety in the primary care is still a way to go, with the establishment of this culture in the daily practice of each professional. Aim: Develop a form for reporting incidents applicable and specific to the primary care services that promotes the identification and analysis of incidents taking place at this level of assistance and encouraging improvement actions that mitigate and contribute to the incorporation of safety culture by professionals, managers and government. Method: A structured form based upon a literature review and primary care professionals practice was submitted by Delphi technique, an expert panel that issued your agreement and contributions to its development and structure. Results: The form was submitted for three rounds of the Delphi technique to achieve the level of agreement established as a criterion. At the first round, the form obtained 6.3 media concordance and 61% partial or complete agreement, and at the end of the third round, the reformulated form of agreement reached 8.8 media and 95% partial or complete agreement. Conclusions: The research reached the proposed objective and the final version of the form must be submitted to pilot tests in primary care units to enable validation and improvement. It is expected that the development of this instrument allows the documentation and evaluation of incidents affecting patient safety and contribute to the improvement of care in primary care services.

Com o aumento na prevalência das doenças crônicas, pesquisadores têm feito reflexões e investigações sobre a necessidade de novas abordagens para o cuidado dos pacientes. Neste contexto, o algoritmo seria uma ferramenta interessante, com informações precisas para a harmonização das condutas clínicas dos farmacêuticos na prática da Atenção Farmacêutica. Os algoritmos constituem o núcleo dos protocolos clínicos, que retratam o fluxo principal do atendimento e são representados graficamente por meio de fluxograma, estruturado em etapas que se inter-relacionam, apresentando pontos de decisão. O objetivo deste trabalho foi identificar a percepção de farmacêuticos sobre a utilização de algoritmos na prática da Atenção Farmacêutica, sendo classificado como um estudo descritivo, quantitativo, baseado em levantamento de dados em uma população composta por 20 farmacêuticos. Para a coleta dos dados foi utilizada a técnica Delphi, que consiste num processo de comunicação em grupo visando à convergência de opiniões, obtidas em três interações, por meio de questionários. O primeiro questionário forneceu 181 opiniões e destas, 58 (32%) foram consideradas válidas, ao término da terceira interação, pois apresentaram 100% de concordância entre os participantes do estudo. Em seguida, as opiniões foram separadas por semelhança para a composição das categorias, com o intuito de homogeneizar as informações e, assim, identificar as ideias relacionadas à importância, às vantagens e desvantagens, bem como, o interesse da aplicabilidade de algoritmos na prática clínica farmacêutica. Desta maneira, foram obtidas 19 categorias, sendo seis para o questionamento sobre a importância, cinco sobre as vantagens, duas sobre as desvantagens e seis relacionadas ao interesse da aplicabilidade desta ferramenta na prática clínica. Posteriormente, pôde-se identificar em três das quatro perguntas iniciais, uma categoria em comum, reconhecida por \"facilitar a prática da Atenção Farmacêutica\". Esta foi considerada a categoria central por representar 40% das opiniões válidas ao longo do estudo. Isto evidencia que as justificativas sobre o interesse da utilização baseiam-se nas vantagens, bem como, na importância que o instrumento oferece. Portanto, a percepção dos farmacêuticos sobre a utilização de algoritmos na prática da Atenção Farmacêutica considera o instrumento um facilitador das ações relacionadas à promoção da saúde, podendo proporcionar também, a comunicação e a interação multiprofissional, além de harmonizar as condutas clínicas, bem como diminuir potenciais erros técnicos e gastos desnecessários. / The increase in the prevalence of chronic diseases have been taken researchers to reflect and explore new strategies to deal in practice involving patient care. In this context, the algorithm would be an interesting tool, which works with accurate and quick information and would help in the harmonization of the conducts, i. e., in the pharmacotherapeutic follow-up, at the Pharmaceutical Care.The algorithms are the core of clinical protocols that reflect the mainstream of the service and are represented by a structured flowchart, which steps are interrelated, showing the decision points. The objective of this study was identify the perception of pharmacists regarding algorithms use in the practice of Pharmaceutical Care. The research was classified as a descriptive, quantitative, based on data collection and was conducted in a population consisting of 20 pharmacists. Delphi technique was used for data collection, which consists on a group communication process. This group is composed by experts and aims to the convergence of opinions, obtained in three interactions, using questionnaires. The first questionnaire provided 181 opinions and 58 (32%) of them were considered valid, at the end of the third interactions, because they presented 100% of agreement among study participants. Then, the views were separated by similarity to form categories, in order to homogenize the information and identify the main ideas about the importance, advantages and disadvantages and the possibility of using algorithms in the clinical practice of pharmacy. Thus, there were obtained 19 categories: six related with the importance of this tool, five with the advantages, two with the disadvantages and six were related to interests of the applicability of this tool in clinical practice. Later, it was possible to identified in three of the four initial questions, a common category, recognized for \"facilitating the practice of Pharmaceutical Care\". This was considered the main category, which represented 40% of valid opinions throughout the study. The explanation for this is the fact that to adopt a new instrument of work, it is needed to be based on the importance and the advantages that this can provide. This shows that the justifications about the interest of use based on the benefits, as well as on the importance that the instrument provides. Therefore, the perception of pharmacists about the use of algorithms in the practice of Pharmaceutical Care considers the instrument a facilitator of actions related to the promotion of health, and can also provide communication and multidisciplinary interaction, in addition to harmonize conduct clinics, as reduction potential of technical errors and unnecessary expenses.

A dinâmica do mundo moderno em que a competitividade é a palavra de ordem tem forçado as organizações a se estruturarem no sentido de elaborar Planos Estratégicos de Tecnologia que contemplem a criação de projetos de pesquisa e inovação no curto, médio e longo prazos. Nesse contexto, cabe ao Gestor de Tecnologia administrar e alocar os recursos financeiros limitados da organização em iniciativas que proporcionem oportunidades de introduzir no mercado inovações que agreguem valor seja em termos financeiros, seja para a sustentabilidade e imagem da empresa. No passado, os Planos Estratégicos de Tecnologia baseados na experiência e na intuição dos Gestores de Tecnologia e da Alta Administração das empresas produziram bons resultados, porém em mercados dinâmicos e interconectados globalmente não há margem para erros, sob pena de comprometer a continuidade do negócio. Faz-se necessário utilizar metodologias que permitam ao Gestor de Tecnologia ponderar os riscos e as possibilidades de sucesso na implementação de programas de Inovação Tecnológica e foi essa reflexão que impeliu este autor a estabelecer os seguintes objetivos para este projeto de pesquisa: a) Identificar e aplicar uma metodologia de análise e prospecção tecnológica utilizando um conjunto de ferramentas tais como Análise Morfológica, Método Delphi, Matrizes de Decisão e \'Technological Roadmapping\' que permitam a elaboração de um Mapa Tecnológico (roadmap) aplicado a um escopo tecnológico específico e que também sirvam como um roteiro de trabalho para outros ramos da tecnologia; b) Apresentar ao leitor as lições aprendidas (acertos e erros) no processo de pesquisa bem como recomendações para o uso dessas técnicas e sugestões para estudos futuros. Escolheu-se como tema desta pesquisa-ação um produto específico da empresa Magneti Marelli Cofap, na qual o autor deste trabalho exerce a função de Gestor de Inovação, a saber, o Amortecedor Estrutural. A composição das Metodologias acima gerou um rico acervo de dados que, com a aplicação da metodologia implementada, gerou um roadmap tecnológico para redução de peso no amortecedor estrutural. Apresentaram-se também os acertos e erros observados no processo de pesquisa, bem como sugestões de melhoria para estudos futuros, que se constitui de material com grande valor acadêmico e gerencial, uma vez que a metodologia desenvolvida pode ser aplicada integral ou parcialmente em qualquer campo da tecnologia. / Modern world dynamics in which competitivity is the key word has forced organizations to structure themselves in a way to elaborate Strategic Technology Plans which consider the creation of research and innovation projects in short, medium and long terms. In this context it is up to Technology Manager to administrate and allocate the organization\'s limited financial resources in initiatives which enable opportunities to introduce innovations in the market which could add value either in financial terms and or for sustainability and Company\'s image. In the past Technology Strategic Plans which were based on Innovation Managers and Top Administration experience and intuition have produced good results, but in dynamic and globally interconnected markets there is no margin for mistakes under the penalty to compromise business continuity. There is a need to use Methodologies which enable the Technology Manager to balance the risks and success possibilities when implementing Technology Innovation programs and this reflection impelled the author to establish the following objectives for this research: a) Identify and apply Technological and Forecast analysis methodologies using a range of tools like Morphological Analysis, Delphi Method, Decision Matrix and Technological Road mapping which could allow the elaboration of Technological Roadmap applied to a specific technological scope and that could serve as well as a work routine for other technology branches.; b) Show to the reader the lessons learned in this research\'s process (right points and mistakes) as well as recommendations for this techniques use and suggestions for future studies. A specific product from Magneti Marelli in which this research\'s author works as Innovation Manager has been chosen as a theme for this action researches, that is, the Strut. The abovementioned methodologies composition has generated a rich data bank. The methodology implementation over these data generated a Technological Roadmap aiming to reduce weight in Struts. The right points and mistakes observed during research process have been shown as well suggestions for future studies. This is considered a material with a great academic and managerial value since the developed methodology can be applied total or partially in any technology field.

The aim of this thesis was to describe and analyse perceptions of psychosis care among those involved in care, foreign-born persons with psychoses, their families and health care staff, and further to reach agreement about core components in psychosis care. This was in order to find out whether current psychosis care in Sweden is suitable for foreign-born persons and their families. The study design was explorative and descriptive. Health care staff (n=35), persons with psychosis (n=22) and families (n=26) of persons with psychosis were chosen from different regions in Southern Sweden. To capture health care staff’s experiences and to explore whether specific needs occurred within psychiatric care, nine focus group interviews were held. The perspectives of psychosis care among persons with psychoses and their families were captured through individual interviews. Finally, a study was accomplished all over Sweden in which staff, foreign-born persons with psychosis and foreign-born families of persons with psychoses answered a questionnaire to identify core components in psychosis care of foreign-born persons and their families. There was agreement that the core components in psychosis care concern general psychiatric caring, even though varying perceptions were identified. Asking about foreign-born persons’ religious and ethnic background or having the possibility to decide whether care should be provided by male or female staff were agreed to be less important. No agreement could be reached concerning the importance of considering different perceptions of psychosis care, treatments and different ways of managing the psychosis. Nor could agreement be reached as to whether staff should have specific cultural knowledge and whether interpreters should be unknown to the family but speak the right dialect. Perceptions among staff in somatic and psychiatric care as well as perceptions among foreign- and Swedish-born persons with psychosis and their families were more similar than different. General psychiatric care is important for Swedish-born as well as foreign-born persons with psychosis and their families, indicating the importance of not letting culturally determined perceptions dictate the care and take away energy from health care staff and make them lose their focus on the basic elements in general psychiatric care. However, within the general care there were individual perceptions on whose importance those involved in care did not agree. Further development suggested is to illuminate the importance of identifying individual perceptions which may differ between different persons and could be related to cultural background. Staff need to acquire strategies so they can easily manage to encounter and offer general care to foreign-born persons. Development must be achieved on both an organizational level and an individual level.