The Regulation of Gatherings Act 205 of 1993 is a old order piece of legislation, but gives full recognition to the right to freedom of assembly and expression. These rights are entrenched in sections 16 and 17 of the Bill of Rights and enjoy a generous interpretation. Section 5 of the Act creates limitations on these rights, as the responsible officer of a local authority is allowed to prohibit a gathering when he has reasonable grounds to believe that the police will not be able to prevent traffic disruption, injury or substantial damage to property. Given the fact that this limitation serves to protect a compelling state interest, it constitutes a reasonable and justifiable limitation in terms of section section 36 of the Bill of Rights. / Law / LL.M.

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From 1906 to 1912 the British police contended with the struggles of militant suffragettes and active unionists. In facing the disturbances associated with the suffragette movement and union mobilization, the police confronted the dual problems of maintaining the public order essential to the survival and welfare of the kingdom while at the same time assuring to individuals the liberty necessary for Britain's further progress. This dissertation studies those police activities in detail.

The first part of this thesis informs about the Bible in general, its origin, division, language and translations. Translations into the Czech language are looked at in greater detail as well as various adaptions that are at disposal of Czech high school teachers. One of the chapters discusses biblical phrases and shows the way they have infiltrated Czech culture. The Intertextuality and the Bible chapter looks at all the literary works that have their origins in the Bible. It also offers a text which may be used during literature classes. The second part of the thesis discusses school documents and text books as related to the Bible. After Czech general educational programs analysis, the thesis offers options on various ways of implementing some of the general educational programs targets during classes, both in Language and Communication or Man and Society educational area. There follows an analysis of three individual school educational programs, each of which addresses the Bible differently, works with it in a different grade and in different areas. Chapters concerning textbooks discuss what information and texts are made available to the students and evaluate these. The practical part of this thesis covers an analysis of a minor survey which was carried out among the fourth grade high school...

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In March 1960, Atlanta University Center students began a nonviolent direct action protest campaign designed to break down racial segregation in lunch counters and other public facilities in downtown Atlanta. The students' efforts had an effect within the Center from which their protests emanated. This thesis is an effort to study those effects, The approach in doing so is intrainstitutional as well as intraracial. The areas discussed are the students' organization, their efforts to take care of academic responsibilities while protesting, and the pressures between them and their parents, faculty, and college presidents. The method of the thesis is that of oral history and major sources used in the research were fifteen oral interviews conducted in 1978 and 1979.

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The Regulation of Gatherings Act 205 of 1993 is a old order piece of legislation, but gives full recognition to the right to freedom of assembly and expression. These rights are entrenched in sections 16 and 17 of the Bill of Rights and enjoy a generous interpretation. Section 5 of the Act creates limitations on these rights, as the responsible officer of a local authority is allowed to prohibit a gathering when he has reasonable grounds to believe that the police will not be able to prevent traffic disruption, injury or substantial damage to property. Given the fact that this limitation serves to protect a compelling state interest, it constitutes a reasonable and justifiable limitation in terms of section section 36 of the Bill of Rights. / Law / LL.M.

To gather together is a natural human activity shared by all people. The majority of these activities take place without the involvement of the government, and is of no interest to the law. In South Africa, the right to assemble peacefully, to demonstrate, to picket or to present petitions, is protected in the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, 1996. When people gather, be it peaceful or violent, participants run the risk of being arrested for committing offences. The way the government of the day reacts to gatherings influence the policing, prosecution and adjudication of offences arising from the right to gather. Current legislation and common-law offences utilised to curb disorder in South Africa are measured against international and regional case law and guidelines. Most of these case law and guidelines linked to international and regional instruments are similar in many respects, and can be deemed as universally acceptable. It is proposed that the government revisits the mixture of current offences utilised by the prosecution during dissent, public violence or protest action, and that specific public order offences are created, providing for specific unlawful conduct with corroborating sentences. Police powers must furthermore be clearly defined to strengthen the hand of the police to secure law and order, serve as guarantee for the rights and freedoms of everyone, and to create legal certainty. The government must organise applicable public order offences in a single public order act. Legislation applicable to public order must be accessible and easily understandable since protest may be the only avenue for a member of the public to bring his or her plight under the attention of the government. Existing guidelines from applicable international and regional instruments which guide and monitor executive conduct must be included since these guidelines qualify as public order offences. / Criminal and Procedural Law / LL. D. (Criminal and Procedural Law)