Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2016-03-02T23:01:37Z No. of bitstreams: 1 YgorBastosMesquitaMinoraDeAlmeida_DISSERT.pdf: 7592861 bytes, checksum: 1713383707550d5acbf0d5b871effb2a (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-03-04T22:10:21Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 YgorBastosMesquitaMinoraDeAlmeida_DISSERT.pdf: 7592861 bytes, checksum: 1713383707550d5acbf0d5b871effb2a (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-04T22:10:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 YgorBastosMesquitaMinoraDeAlmeida_DISSERT.pdf: 7592861 bytes, checksum: 1713383707550d5acbf0d5b871effb2a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-12-18 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico - CNPq / Atrav?s de fun??es de receptor migradas e empilhadas (phase-weightedstack), investigou-se a arquitetura crustal da Prov?ncia Borborema. Para isso, foram utilizados telessismos de ondas ? registrados em 64 esta??es sismogr?ficas distribu?das no Nordeste brasileiro, depois de aplicar um conjunto de modifica??es no algoritmo de empilhamento para corrigir inconsist?ncias detectadas no algoritmo original e melhorar sua efici?ncia computacional. A Prov?ncia Borborema representa a por??o mais oeste de um or?geno Neoproterozoico, que experimentou extens?o no Mesozoico, o que levou ? forma??o de um grande n?mero de bacias intracontinentais do tipo rifte, e, posteriormente, ? deriva continental. O Cenozoico foi marcado por processos de soerguimento topogr?fico, que poderia estar relacionado com vulcanismo, o que possibilitou a forma??o do Planalto da Borborema. Devido ? limitada compreens?o a respeito da arquitetura crustal da Prov?ncia, as rela??es de causa e efeito entre a topografia superficial, a extens?o Mesozoica e o soerguimento Cenozoico n?o s?o claras. O empilhamento de fun??es de receptor evidencia as convers?es ?? no limite entre a crosta e o manto, mostrando crosta espessa, entre 36 e 40 km na por??o sul do Planalto e crosta entre 30 e 32 km nas regi?es ao redor, incluindo o norte do Planalto. Essa mesma abordagem tamb?m revelou a presen?a de uma descontinuidade entre 9 e 18 km de profundidade, que tende a desaparecer em dire??o ao sul do Planalto, ? medida que a crosta se torna espessa. Dessa forma, argumenta-se que a crosta fina na Prov?ncia Borborema ? o resultado de processos de estiramento crustal durante o Mesozoico e que a descontinuidade intracrustal observada consiste num detachment de baixo ?ngulo, que atuou na acomoda??o da distens?o. A crosta espessa na por??o sul do Planalto seria, ent?o, um bloco com reologia mais resistente, que resistiu a deforma??o durante o Mesozoico, enquanto a crosta fina sob o norte do Planalto seria proveniente de uma bacia pret?rita, cuja crosta foi afinada durante o Mesozoico e soerguida durante o Cenozoico. / The crustal architecture of the Borborema Province was investigated through migration and stacking of receiver functions (phase-weighted-stack). The stacks were developed from teleseismic ?-waves recorded at 64 seismological stations distributed throughout Northeast Brazil, after applying a number of modifications to the stacking algorithm that corrected inconsistencies in the original algorithm and improved its computational efficiency. The Borborema Province is the westernmost portion of a Neoproterozoic orogen that experienced extension in the Mesozoic, leading to the formation of a number of intracontinental rift basins and, eventually, to the continental drift. The Cenozoic was marked by topographic uplift of the Province, perhaps related to coeval episodes of volcanism, which resulted in the formation of the Borborema Plateau. Due to limited understanding of the crustal architecture of the Province, the causal relationships between surface topography, Mesozoic extension, and Cenozoic uplift are poorly understood. The receiver function stacks highlight ?? conversions from the crust-mantle boundary that demonstrate a thick crust between 36 and 40 km in the southern Plateau, and crust between 30 and 32 km in the regions around, including the northern Plateau. The receiver function stacks also revealed the presence of a discontinuity between 9 and 18 km depth that tends to fade away towards the southern Plateau as the crust thickens. It is argued that the thin crust in the Borborema Province is the result of crustal stretching during Mesozoic times, and that the intracrustal discontinuity marks the location of a lowangle detachment zone that accommodated extension within the crust. The thick crust in the southern Plateau would then be a rheologically strong block that resisted deformation during the Mesozoic, while the thin crust beneath the northern Plateau would be a portion of a formerly depressed crust that experienced uplifted during the Cenozoic.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / O presente trabalho consiste em um estudo crítico do romance Sem tecto, entre ruínas, de Augusto Abelaira. Inicialmente é feita a análise sobre as possíveis consequências de uma apreensão descontínua e material do tempo, seus efeitos nas relações entre o protagonista e seu mundo, que se apresentam sob a forma de tédio e paralisia. Para a crítica proposta foram retomados conceitos descontinuidade e homogeneidade apresentados pelo filósofo Henri Bergson, além da noção de desligamento e desejo demonstrados pela sociologia de Zigmunt Bauman. O próximo alvo contemplado na pesquisa é a presença da memória e da lembrança indicados sob o ponto de vista contínuo do tempo, também analisados à luz da filosofia de Bergson, além do pensamento de Gilles Deleuze. A partir desse caminho investigativo é possível pensar a condição do protagonista como um confronto de si, uma experiência do tempo que traz uma revelação mediante a condição de ser tarde demais / This work provides a critical analysis on the novel Sem tecto, entre ruínas by Augusto Abelaira. In the first instance this study begans with the analysis of the possible consequences aroused by a material apprehension of time as well as its impact on relations between the protagonist and the world in which he lives, wich are presented by the feelings of boredom and paralysis. For the proposed work were taken up concepts of discontinuance and homogeneity created by the philosopher Henri Bergson, as well as the notion of detachment and desire demonstrated by the sociology of Zigmunt Bauman. The next target contemplated in the research is the presence of memory and recollection indicated under the point of view of continuous time, also examined by the philosophy of Bergson, in addition to the thought of Gilles Deleuze. Based on this investigative path is possible to consider the condition of the protagonist as a confront with itself, an experience of time that brings up a revelation upon the condition of being too late

Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-15T19:36:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Eduardo Nocera.pdf: 12755331 bytes, checksum: 08a19b90827b2e4f2954b2f799e3d18d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-09-19 / MAHLE / Piston rings are metal parts which, when installed on the pistons in the cylinders of the engine, become circular with variable pressure and self-expansive, providing a movable seal between the combustion chamber and the crankcase. These components are subjected to intense functional demand, being asked to submit a low wear rate and maintain their structural and functional integrity under high temperatures and pressures. Due to these requirements, the technique is known of providing up-to-face contact with coatings or surface treatments to improve wear. Currently the majority of applications in the compression rings are martensitic stainless steels. These rings have their tribological properties improved by gas nitriding treatment which gives the steel surface intermediate properties between metallic and ceramic materials with high resistance to adhesive wear, as well as to wear by abrasion. This technology has been applied since the 90s with great success and high market penetration. With demand growing for reducing emissions was introduced in the market the Otto cycle engines with bifuel, better known as Flex engines. The principle of operation of these engines is the use of gasoline and ethanol at any mixing. The compression ratio of the piston is optimized for gasoline and not optimized for ethanol, since the latter does not have limitations to the phenomenon of detonation and this fact makes it occurs more Ethanol injection into the combustion chamber providing an improper fuel does not wash burnt in the cylinder wall. The result was the creation of a different tribological system in the area of operation of the rings where the nitrided layer began to suffer a detachment. This study aimed to find a solution for this detachment, where the nitride layer was changed. The modification consisted in decreasing the precipitation of carbides in the grain boundaries through migration carbon more to the core of the ring making it more robust to cracks and less susceptible to hydrogen embrittlement. Was created two nitriding stages, one richer in nitrogen which provides the wear resistance required for applying and the second stage causes the carbon to become more concentrated in the core hindering the generation of cracks and, consequently, the detachment. There was a decrease in the hardness of the nitrided layer without deteriorating the wear resistance, creating a unique solution and extending the life of this technology. / Os Anéis de Pistão são peças de metal que, quando instaladas nos pistões dentro dos cilindros dos motores, tornam-se circulares com pressão variável e auto-expansivas, proporcionando uma vedação móvel entre a câmara de combustão e o carter do motor. Estes componentes são submetidos à intensa demanda funcional, sendo solicitados a apresentarem uma baixa taxa de desgaste e a manterem sua integridade estrutural e funcional sob temperaturas e pressões elevadas. Em função destas exigências, é conhecida a técnica de prover-se a face de contato com o cilindro destes componentes revestimentos ou tratamentos de superfície para melhorar a resistência ao desgaste. Atualmente grande parte das aplicações nos anéis de compressão são em aços inoxidáveis martensíticos. Estes anéis têm suas propriedades tribológicas melhoradas pelo tratamento de nitretação gasosa o qual confere ao aço propriedades superficiais intermediárias entre os materiais metálicos e cerâmicos, com alta resistência ao desgaste adesivo, assim como ao desgaste por abrasão. Esta tecnologia vem sendo aplicada desde os anos 90 com absoluto sucesso e alta penetração de mercado. Com a demanda por redução de emissões crescendo foi introduzido no mercado os motores de ciclo Otto bicombustíveis, mais conhecidos como motores flex. O princípio de funcionamento destes motores é a utilização de gasolina e etanol em qualquer mistura. A taxa de compressão do Pistão é otimizada para gasolina e não otimizada para o Etanol, pois este último não possui limitações para o fenômeno de detonação e este fato faz com que ocorra mais injeção de Etanol na câmara de combustão proporcionando uma indevida lavagem de combustível não queimado na parede do cilindro. A consequência foi a criação de um tribo sistema diferente na região de funcionamento dos Anéis onde a camada nitretada começou a sofrer um destacamento. Este trabalho visou buscar uma solução para este destacamento, onde a camada nitretada foi alterada. A alteração consistiu em diminuir a precipitação de carbonetos nas fronteiras dos grãos através da migração do carbono para o núcleo do anel deixando-o mais robusto à nucleação de trincas e menos susceptível a fragilização por hidrogênio. Foram criados dois estágios de nitretação, sendo o primeiro estágio mais rico em nitrogênio o qual confere ao anel a resistência ao desgaste necessária para a aplicação, e o segundo estágio faz com que o carbono fique mais concentrado no núcleo. O problema de destacamento foi resolvido onde houve uma diminuição na dureza da camada nitretada sem a deterioração da resistência ao desgaste do anel, criando uma solução única e estendendo a vida desta tecnologia sem aumento de custos.

Abstract Date: 2017-06-05 Level: Master thesis in Business Administration, 15 cr Institution: School of Business, Society and Engineering, Mälardalen University Authors:                             Nilsson, Isabella                  Ulriksson, Jennifer                                            920507                                930119 Title: Connection versus Recovery? Communication technology in the modern working life.  Tutor: Magnus Hoppe Keywords: Smartphones, Information and communication technology, Boundary control, Psychological detachment, Work-Life Conflict, Stress, Job-Demand-Control. Research question: How do managers handle the positive and negative effects of communication technology? Purpose: The aim of this study is to critically analyse how managers in Sweden regulate the use of communication technology and how they perceive the effects of communication technology on the modern workplace. This contributes to an understanding regarding whether communication technology should be handled based on individuals being either digitally connected or able to mentally recover from work. Method: This study is of a qualitative approach, where semi-structured interviews were conducted with eight managers who is/ or has been, in charge of personnel. The study has a deductive approach and thus has its base in theory. Theories have consequently been used in the construction of the interview questions as well as in the creation of Modell 1.0. Conclusion: Policies restricting the use of communication technology is not desirable according to managers, this is due to it being a prerequisite for the working life of 2017. ‘Connection’ and ‘recovery’ are not dichotomies for all employees. Policies can be of use for employees who need help managing the boundaries between work and family. However, to reach a solution regarding the negative effects of communication technology, efforts should be put into the organizational culture rather than policies, which is depicted in Model 2.0. In that way, negative effects of communication technology can be fought off without risking the positive effects. Communication technology should not be handled based on the assumption that individuals are either digitally connected or able to mentally recover from work.

No description available.

In nature, cells are not randomly clustered to form tissues. The tissue is a more complicated system with functions that go beyond what any single cell type could accomplish. While studying single-cell mechanics and dynamics is relevant from an investigative point of view, this approach loses, or fail to gather information about the tissue. The tissue investigated in this study is the neurosensory retina which seeing as extension of the brain is a very convenient model for the central nervous system due to its accessibility. The retina is constantly subjected to different mechanical stresses from development to adulthood. Although the majority of the phenomena where mechanical stresses are involved are well-studied, the mechanics behind them is not well understood. However, knowledge about the ability of the retina to adjust to mechanical stresses is essential, for example, for improving retinal surgery. Establishing a method to mechanically probe the retina is a challenge due to the extremely delicate nature of this multilayered neural tissue and to the short-time survival ex vivo. The organotypic tissue culture is a powerful tool because it allows to maintain with high accuracy the complex multicellular anatomy and the microenvironment of the original tissue. One of the limitations of the organotypic culture techniques has been until recently due to the ability to use only post-natal/juvenile tissues for long-term culture. The importance of using adult tissue is incontestable when the investigation focuses on age-related pathologies such as vitreous shrinkage or macula degeneration. In this work, TiO2 nanotube arrays are presented as the innovative substrate for long-term organotypic culture of adult neural tissue. The retinal whole-mount of adult guinea pig and the brain slices of adult mouse were cultures for 14 days without showing any sign of edema or swelling. Furthermore, in order to study the behavior of the retinal tissue under shear stress new set-ups were designed. For the first time, the behavior of the retinal layers were observed showing that the retina does not act as an homogeneous material in response to an applied stress. The methods developed here can be used for future quantitative studies, to provide an exact knowledge of retinal biomechanics which will help retinal surgeons to optimize their methods.

Sufficient rest breaks are needed for optimal performance in traditional workplaces, but it is unclear how working with a loosely structured work schedule impacts recovery. Students have temporal flexibility and serve as a good proxy for all groups who work unstructured work schedules. Since most students and employees use the weekend to recover, this study investigated the relationship between recovery experiences (i.e., psychological detachment, relaxation, and mastery) over the weekend and the state of being recovered on the following Monday. Further, the relationship between the state of being recovered on Monday and weekday performance indicators (i.e., task performance and personal initiative) was investigated. Data was collected over three consecutive weeks from a cohort of first-year university students (N = 106) using a quantitative diary study design. This study administered seven surveys (i.e., a personal data survey once, a pre-weekend survey three times, and a postweekend survey three times). After three weeks, 66 participants (N = 66) had completed all the surveys at the person level, yielding 148 matched observations at the week-level. Multilevel modelling showed that weekend relaxation positively predicted the state of being recovered on Monday. Weekend psychological detachment and weekend mastery experiences did not predict the state of being recovered on Monday, and the state of being recovered did not predict weekly personal initiative or weekly task performance. The theoretical and practical implications of this study are presented, as are limitations and suggestions for future research.

Vor dem Hintergrund, dass Schlafprobleme in der Bevölkerung zunehmen und eine allgemeine Reduzierung der Schlafdauer diskutiert wird, gewinnt der Schlaf immer mehr an Bedeutung. Die Forschung zeigt, dass das Abschalten können von der Arbeit (Detachment) in der Ruhezeit ein wichtiger Faktor für die Erholung ist, wobei bisher wenige Studien existieren, die den Schlaf betrachtet haben. Zudem zeigen erste Studien, dass positive Gedanken nicht beeinträchtigend wirken. An diesen Punkten setzt die Dissertation an. Sie bündelt einerseits die vorhandenen Erkenntnisse zum Zusammenhang von Detachment mit dem Schlaf und untersucht andererseits, welche Bedeutung Detachment als Prädiktor neben arbeitsbezogener Rumination, Arbeitsmerkmalen und Personenmerkmalen hat. Studie 1 fasst die bisherigen Studienergebnisse zur Wirkung von Detachment auf die Schlafquantität und Schlafqualität zusammen und ermittelte dessen inkrementelle Validität gegenüber Arbeits- und Personenmerkmalen. Ausgehend vom Stressor-Detachment-Modell (Sonnentag & Fritz, 2015) wurde zudem die mediierende Funktion von Detachment geprüft. Studie 2 greift die Überlegungen auf, dass arbeitsbezogene Rumination in der Ruhezeit nicht unbedingt eine negative Auswirkung auf den Erholungsprozess haben muss, sondern dass die Valenz der Gedanken eine Rolle spielt. Dafür wurde der Fragebogen zur arbeitsbezogenen Rumination (Cropley, Michalianou, Pravettoni & Millward, 2011), welcher sowohl Detachment als auch affektiv negative und problemlösende Rumination erfasst, eingesetzt und Zusammenhänge mit Arbeitsmerkmalen und verschiedenen Schlafparametern ermittelt. Studie 3 erweitert den Forschungsansatz von Studie 2 und betrachtet die Einflüsse von Arbeitsmerkmalen, Detachment und Rumination auf den Schlaf an Arbeitstagen und an freien Tagen. Die Tagebuchstudie ermöglichte zudem die separate Analyse mit intra- und interindividuellen Unterschieden in den Prädiktoren und erhob die Schlafparameter als objektive Daten. Um die Fragestellungen von Studie 1 beantworten zu können, wurden metaanalytische Korrelations-, Regressions- und Pfadanalysen durchgeführt. In die Auswertung der Zusammenhänge von Detachment mit Schlafdauer gingen k = 6 (N = 1124) und in die mit Schlafqualität gingen k = 18 (N = 12001) unabhängige Studienstichproben ein. Die Regressions- und Pfadanalysen basieren auf einer Stichprobengröße für die Schlafdauer von 3 489 (harmonisch) und für Schlafqualität von 11 693 (harmonisch). Die inkrementelle Validität und die Mediatorfunktion von Detachment wurden mit quantitativen Arbeitsanforderungen und Tätigkeitsspielraum sowie negativer Affektivität/Neurotizismus geprüft. Studie 2 war eine Querschnittstudie mit Beschäftigten in sozialen Bereichen und aus zwei medizinischen Forschungseinrichtungen. Die Gesamtstichprobe umfasste 111 Personen. Zur Konstruktvalidierung des Fragebogens zur arbeitsbezogenen Rumination wurden Konfirmatorische Faktorenanalysen gerechnet. Die Überprüfung der Kriteriumsvalidität erfolgte mittels Korrelationsanalysen. Auf Seiten der Arbeitsmerkmale wurden Arbeitsintensität und Tätigkeitsspielraum und auf Seiten der Schlafparameter Schlafdauer, Schlafeffizienz und Schlafprobleme betrachtet. Studie 3 erfolgte als Tagebuchstudie und erfasste Einschätzungen von Arbeitsintensität, Tätigkeitsspielraum, Detachment und arbeitsbezogener Rumination an drei aufeinanderfolgenden Arbeitstagen. Parallel dazu wurde die Schlafdauer und Schlafeffizienz an diesen Arbeitstagen und zwei darauffolgenden freien Tagen mittels Aktimetrie erhoben. Die Gesamtstichprobe umfasste 62 Beschäftigte aus sozialen Bereichen. Zur Auswertung wurden Mehrebenenanalysen und hierarchische Regressionsanalysen mit Bootstrapping gerechnet. Studie 1 zeigte, dass Detachment positiv mit der Schlafdauer und Schlafqualität korreliert. Detachment war bedeutendster Prädiktor der beiden Schlafparameter. Der Personenfaktor negative Affektivität/Neurotizismus stellte den zweitwichtigstenEinflussfaktor dar und die Arbeitsmerkmale hatten eine untergeordnete Bedeutung. Eine partielle Mediatorfunktion von Detachment konnte für die Beziehung von quantitativen Arbeitsanforderungen mit beiden Schlafparametern bestätigt werden. In Studie 2 konnte die zugrundeliegende Faktorenstruktur des Fragebogens zur arbeitsbezogenen Rumination nicht vollständig repliziert werden. Während affektive Rumination im negativen Zusammenhang mit der Schlafeffizienz und Schlafproblemen steht, zeigt Detachment gegensätzliche Korrelationen zu den beiden Schlafparametern. Problemlösende Rumination hingegen korreliert nur positiv mit Schlafproblemen. Weder Detachment noch arbeitsbezogene Rumination stehen im Zusammenhang mit der Schlafdauer. Studie 3 zeigt, dass Detachment und problemlösende Rumination im Vergleich zu den Arbeitsmerkmalen auf die Schlafdauer und Schlafeffizienz an Arbeitstagen und freien Tagen einen größeren Einfluss ausüben, wobei sich beide Prädiktoren positiv auswirken. Affektive Rumination hatte als Prädiktor kaum Bedeutung. Für den Tätigkeitsspielraum zeigte sich ein negativer Einfluss auf die Schlafdauer am ersten freien Tag und tendenziell auch an den Arbeitstagen. Die Anteile der Prädiktoren auf Personenebene klärten überwiegend Varianz. Drei zentrale Schlussfolgerungen lassen sich aus den Studienergebnissen ableiten. Die separate Betrachtung von Schlafquantität und Schlafqualität zeigt unterschiedliche arbeitsbezogene und erholungsbezogene Einflussfaktoren, weshalb sich eine getrennte Untersuchung für weitere Studien empfiehlt. Die Konzeption arbeitsbezogener Rumination als Gegenpol von Detachment greift in Hinblick auf die Auswirkungen zu kurz. Die Valenz ruminativer Gedanken scheint deren Folgen zu determinieren. Die Ergebnisse weisen zudem darauf hin, dass für die Prävention von Schlafproblemen bei Beschäftigten Erholungsprozesse in der Ruhezeit im Vergleich zu Arbeitsmerkmalen von größerer Bedeutung sind und demzufolge in der Forschung stärker in den Fokus rücken sollten.:Inhaltsverzeichnis Zusammenfassung 1 1 Einleitung 4 2 Theoretischer Hintergrund 6 2.1 Bedeutung des Schlafes 6 2.2 Physiologie des Schlafes 8 2.2.1 Schlaf-Wach-Regulation 10 2.2.2 Schlafdauer 11 2.3 Schlafstörungen - Insomnie 13 2.3.1 Entstehung einer Insomnie 14 2.4 Arbeit als auslösender Faktor von Schlafstörungen 16 2.4.1 Belastungs-Beanspruchungs-Modell 17 2.4.2 Anforderungs-Tätigkeitsspielraum-Modell 21 2.4.3 Anforderungs-Ressourcen-Modell 24 2.4.4 Ansatz der herausfordernden und hemmenden Stressoren 28 2.4.5 Auswirkungen von Arbeitsmerkmalen auf den Schlaf 31 2.4.6 Arbeitsbezogene Auswirkungen von Schlafstörungen 32 2.5 Erholung in der Ruhezeit 34 2.5.1 Modelle zum Erholungsprozess 34 2.5.2 Detachment - von der Arbeit abschalten 38 2.5.3 Rumination - Arbeitsbezogenes Grübeln 42 3 Ziele der Arbeit 51 4 Studie 1 - Metaanalyse zur Beziehung von Detachment mit Schlafdauer und Schlafqualität 53 4.1 Theoretische Vorüberlegungen 53 4.2 Fragestellungen 55 4.3 Methoden 56 4.3.1 Literatursuche 56 4.3.2 Datenkodierung 57 4.3.3 Metaanalytische Auswertung der Konstruktbeziehungen 59 4.3.4 Metaanalytische Regressions- und Pfadanalysen 60 4.4 Ergebnisse 62 4.4.1 Zusammenhänge von Detachment mit der Schlafdauer und Schlafqualität 62 4.4.2 Inkrementelle Validität 65 4.4.3 Mediierende Rolle des Detachment 67 4.5 Diskussion 69 4.5.1 Zusammenhänge von Detachment mit Schlafdauer und Schlafqualität 70 4.5.2 Inkrementelle Validität von Detachment 70 4.5.3 Detachment als Mediator 72 4.5.4 Studienkritik 74 5 Studie 2 - Zusammenhänge von Detachment und Rumination mit Arbeitsmerkmalen sowie Schlafdauer und -qualität 76 5.1 Theoretische Vorüberlegungen 76 5.2 Ziele und Hypothesen 77 5.3 Methoden 78 5.3.1 Design und Teilnehmerrekrutierung 78 5.3.2 Stichprobenbeschreibung 79 5.3.3 Erhebungsinstrumente 81 5.3.4 Statistische Analyseverfahren 85 5.4 Ergebnisse 89 5.4.1 Deskriptive Datenanalyse 89 5.4.2 Überprüfung der Konstruktvalidität des Fragebogens 89 5.4.3 Zusammenhänge von Arbeitsmerkmalen und Schlafparametern mit arbeitsbezogener Rumination und Detachment - Überprüfung der Kriteriumsvalidität 92 5.4.4 Vergleich der Beschäftigten 95 5.5 Diskussion 96 5.5.1 Überprüfung der Konstruktvalidität des Fragebogens 97 5.5.2 Zusammenhänge von Arbeitsmerkmalen und Schlafparametern mit Rumination und Detachment 98 5.5.3 Vergleich der Beschäftigten 100 5.5.4 Studienkritik 102 6 Studie 3 - Intra- und interindividuelle Einflussfaktoren des Schlafes 104 6.1 Theoretische Vorüberlegungen 104 6.2 Hypothesen 105 6.2.1 Hypothesenkomplex 1: Arbeitsmerkmale und Schlaf an Arbeitstagen 105 6.2.2 Hypothesenkomplex 2: Arbeitsbezogene Rumination, Detachment und Schlaf an Arbeitstagen 106 6.2.3 Hypothesenkomplex 3: Moderationshypothesen Arbeitstage 106 6.2.4 Hypothesenkomplex 4: Arbeitsmerkmale an Arbeitstagen und Schlaf an freien Tagen 107 6.2.5 Hypothesenkomplex 5: Arbeitsbezogene Rumination und Detachment an Arbeitstagen und Schlaf an freien Tagen 108 6.3 Methoden 109 6.3.1 Design 109 6.3.2 Stichprobenbeschreibung 110 6.3.3 Erhebungsinstrumente 111 6.3.4 Statistische Analyseverfahren 121 6.4 Ergebnisse 129 6.4.1 Deskriptive Datenanalyse 129 6.4.2 Auswirkungen von Arbeitsmerkmalen, arbeitsbezogener Rumination und Detachment auf die Schlafdauer an den Arbeitstagen 133 6.4.3 Auswirkungen von Arbeitsmerkmalen, arbeitsbezogener Rumination und Detachment auf die Schlafeffizienz an den Arbeitstagen 140 6.4.4 Auswirkungen der Arbeitsmerkmale, arbeitsbezogener Rumination und Detachment der Arbeitstage auf den Schlaf an den freien Tagen 148 6.5 Diskussion 152 6.5.1 Diskussion der Ergebnisse - Schlaf an den Arbeitstagen 152 6.5.2 Diskussion der Ergebnisse - freie Tage 157 6.5.3 Studienkritik 161 7 Gesamtdiskussion 164 7.1 Limitationen der Arbeit 168 7.2 Implikationen für die Forschung 170 7.3 Implikationen für die Praxis 172 7.3.1 Verbesserung des Schlafes durch Verhältnisprävention 173 7.3.2 Verbesserung des Schlafes durch Verhaltensprävention 175 Literaturverzeichnis 185 Tabellenverzeichnis 205 Abbildungsverzeichnis 207 Erklärung 208 Anhang 209

<p> Although the occupational callings literature has largely focused on positive outcomes of living a calling, there are some emerging findings that suggest that callings may have a “negative” side as well. Drawing upon past studies within the callings literature, as well as upon theoretical perspectives such as self-regulation theory, identity theory, and the Effort-Recovery model, I tested a theoretical model to examine psychological detachment as a mechanism that accounts for the relationship between living a calling (also referred to as one’s calling intensity) and two well-being outcomes: sleep quality and burnout. Further, I built on previous work in the callings literature by examining the moderating impact of two individual differences (trait mindfulness, perfectionism) on the relationship between calling intensity and psychological detachment. Study hypotheses were tested using a two-wave study design with 358 emergency medical professionals. Results revealed that for called emergency medical professionals, trait mindfulness strengthened the negative relationship between calling intensity and psychological detachment, which had downstream negative effects on sleep quality. In addition, one facet of perfectionism, namely perfectionistic strivings, exacerbated the negative indirect effect of calling intensity on sleep quality via psychological detachment. Ultimately, this study contributed to the occupational callings literature by examining the impact of differential levels of trait mindfulness and perfectionism on employee well-being. Implications for enhancing employee well-being are discussed.</p>

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