Police legitimacy is fundamental to the relationship between the state, citizens and their police, and this is nowhere more challenging than in public order policing contexts. Procedural Justice (PJ) and the Elaborated Social Identity Model (ESIM) have gained dominance in UK policing as the means of establishing greater perceptions of police legitimacy and public compliance and cooperation with the police and the law. Much of the theorising and empirical research in this field has been conducted with regard to police reform, complaint handling, crime reduction and sporting event policing. However, there are limitations to both PJ and the ESIM approaches within public order contexts. PJ and the ESIM assume that violence and disorder stem from a failure of policing to create perceptions of police legitimacy. However, this is problematic for the policing of protest and public order for three interrelated reasons. Firstly, there are occasions when violence occurs despite the police use of PJ and ESIM approaches. Secondly, ignoring or underplaying this detail serves to demoralise the police and undermines their trust in using PJ and the ESIM. Thirdly, an insistence on police use of PJ and ESIM as the exclusively legitimate means of dealing with violence and disorder, ignores different approaches to police legitimacy that are not found within the PJ or ESIM literature. The findings presented in the thesis suggest that PJ and the ESIM do not necessarily work in protest contexts, because protesters’ self-policing, a key claim of the ESIM, does not necessarily equate to compliance with the law and authority. Personal values and moral legitimacy are important aspects of protest contexts that feature less prominently than required within the PJ and ESIM research. The thesis argues that police legitimacy, defined empirically, needs to be understood with regard to the policing context. It is in this respect that the thesis claims an original contribution by identifying and explaining contextually based influences associated with the construction and shaping of protester perceptions of police legitimacy and their attitudes to compliance and cooperation. The thesis uses a mixed method approach to examine the claim of PJ and the ESIM that fair and respectful treatment garners increased perceptions of police legitimacy and creates compliance and cooperation with the law and the police. The empirical research comprises an exploratory quantitative survey (n=40), qualitative interviews (n=79) and non-participant observations at thirteen protest events in London between 2010 and 2015. The findings establish that while the general claims of PJ hold and that social identity forms part of perceived police legitimacy, protesters’ perceptions need to be understood contextually. A contextually driven model of police legitimacy (CDM) developed from empirical data is presented, it suggests that additional influences other than fair and respectful policing play a determining role in constructing and shaping protester perceptions of police legitimacy and their attitudes to compliance and cooperation. The theoretical implications are considered and professional practice recommendations for the policing of protest are presented.

<p>En este trabajo vamos a analizar si dos de los personajes principales de la novela Los Detectives Salvajes, Arturo Belano y Ulises Lima, coinciden con la imagen tradicional de masculinidad. Vamos a hacer esto con la finalidad de investigar las caracterizaciones de ellos, realizadas por una variedad de narradores durante la novela, y relacionarlas con teorías sobre la masculinidad. El trabajo está dividido en cuatro apartados, que cada uno investiga un aspecto específico de la masculinidad: la aventura y el héroe, el artista, la violencia y la sexualidad. En cada uno de estos apartados vamos a empezar en un marco teórico sobre el tema, y que luego analizaremos relacionándolo con la teoría. Apoyándonos principalmente en las teorías de Ben Knights en Writing Masculinities, Teoría literaria feminista de Toril Moi, Masculinities de R.W Connell e Introductory Lectures on Psychoanalysis (Part III) de Sigmund Freud hemos llegado a la conclusión de que Belano y Lima rompen, en varios aspectos, con la imagen tradicional de cómo debe ser un hombre. Sin embargo, en el apartado sobre el artista, se demuestra que cumplen con normas de masculinidad propias del ambiente artístico.</p>

published_or_final_version / Public Administration / Master / Master of Public Administration

The primary objective of this M.A. thesis is to examine the portrayal of Switzerland and the role of the Swiss detective in the modern Swiss crime novel, with special focus on the works of three modern Swiss authors of different social status: Friedrich Glauser, Friedrich Durrenmatt and Hansjorg Schneider. While the crime novel is generally considered trivial entertainment for mass audiences within the realm of German literature, the case is somewhat different in Switzerland, a country with a small state mentality. The forthcoming analysis will demonstrate how these authors employ the crime novel as an educational device to convey a very important message to their fellow countrymen about the society in which they live. In their portrayal of Switzerland, the authors cover a wide range of circumstances relevant to their respective time periods, often dealing with controversial issues. Consequently, the Swiss detective plays a major role, as he must often solve difficult cases while faced with tremendous pressure from society. By focusing exclusively on Switzerland, this analysis will ultimately prove that the modern Swiss crime novel contains not only an entertainment aspect, but also important political, sociological and historical elements that distinguish the phenomenon from its international counterparts.

Approximately a third of homicide cases go unsolved each year. Research focused on understanding what affects homicide clearance rates is often methodologically underdeveloped and has produced mixed findings. These deficiencies compromise the ability of researchers to provide important guidance to police practitioners seeking to develop best practices. Under-specified modeling and limited access to accurate sources of homicide investigation data are two potential and interconnected reasons for the inconsistencies found in previous studies. The purpose of this study was to expand the literature on homicide case outcomes as follows: 1) to organize predictors into five substantive domains (involved subjects, event circumstances, case dynamics, ecological characteristics, and investigator factors) and operationalize multiple measures of each as viable predictors of clearance outcomes; 2) to explore the utility of using original and verified police data with a larger number of nuanced data points than previously documented in modeling efforts; and 3) to forward a unique multi-method account of the factors that predict homicide case outcomes that can be readily replicated in future studies. Data were collected from one Southern metropolitan police department's 2009 to 2011 homicide investigations (N = 252). Access to official homicide case files allowed for key subject, incident, and evidentiary information to be obtained. Critical investigation details and context were added to the case file data via interviews and survey administration efforts involving the lead detectives that worked the cases. The dataset was further supplemented with Census data. Subsequent analyses included examination of the data quality and multivariate logistic regressions. A comparison of the dataset after the first stage of data collection to the final product was conducted to understand the extent to which the dataset were improved. The multi-method process resulted in more precision to the data recorded from case files, significant reductions in missing data, and heightened detail on key variables. Consequently those data allowed for specification of a multivariate model that included multiple measures from all of the homicide investigation domains. Those results suggest the expanded data more accurately captured the factors that predict clearance outcomes as measures within all five domains were significant predictors of investigation closure.

Submitted by Roberth Novaes (roberth.novaes@live.com) on 2018-07-12T17:24:47Z No. of bitstreams: 1 TESE-ENCRUZILHADAS DE UM PARAÍSO PERDIDO NO MÉXICO.pdf: 1748791 bytes, checksum: 322647d147c9ae3ba49a780462de4792 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Setor de Periódicos (per_macedocosta@ufba.br) on 2018-07-12T20:21:43Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 TESE-ENCRUZILHADAS DE UM PARAÍSO PERDIDO NO MÉXICO.pdf: 1748791 bytes, checksum: 322647d147c9ae3ba49a780462de4792 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-07-12T20:21:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 TESE-ENCRUZILHADAS DE UM PARAÍSO PERDIDO NO MÉXICO.pdf: 1748791 bytes, checksum: 322647d147c9ae3ba49a780462de4792 (MD5) / A partir do entendimento que o texto literário se constrói mediante a circulação de elementos históricos, políticos e culturais produzidos sob a vigência das múltiplas relações desenvolvidas entre os indivíduos, em um determinado tempo e lugar, a presente tese tem por objetivo analisar o romance Los detectives salvajes (1998) do escritor chileno Roberto Bolaño (1953-2003), tomado como um artista representativo das principais mudanças apresentadas pela narrativa contemporânea de língua espanhola, no espaço ambivalente que compreende a Espanha e a América Latina. Estruturado em três capítulos, construídos com base na problematização de temas ligados à vida, à experiência, ao luto, à melancolia, à morte a ao jogo, este trabalho parte de uma ideia de pesquisa articulada ao método histórico-comparativo, levando-se em conta a profunda observação de fenômenos, processos e relações que constroem a realidade e que não podem ser quantificados a partir da operacionalização de variáveis. Desse modo, motivada pela leitura e pela análise do romance, a pesquisa dialoga, em algumas circunstâncias, com diferentes áreas do conhecimento, como a história, a mitologia, a filosofia e a psicanálise, a fim de compreender as diversas formas de comunicação da literatura com outras linguagens, e assim, discutir de que maneira a escrita literária é capaz de tematizar a condição humana, no caso específico deste autor, que, feito um herói derrotado, alimenta o seu discurso entre os escombros da genealogia latino-americana. / Starting from understanding that the literary text is built by the circulation of historical, political and cultural elements produced under the term of the multiple relationships developed between individuals in a given time and place, this thesis aims to analyze the novel Los Detectives salvajes (1998), written by the Chilean Roberto Bolaño (1953-2003), taken as a representative artist of the main changes brought by the contemporary narrative of Spanish language in the ambivalent space comprises Spain and Latin America. Structured into three chapters, built on problematic issues related to life, experience, mourning, melancholy, death and the game, this work was developed from the research idea articulated in the comparative historical method, taking into account the profound observation of phenomena, processes and relationships that construct the reality and can't be quantified based on the operationalization of variables. Thus, motivated by the reading and analysis of the novel, the research dialogue in some circumstances with different areas of knowledge such as history, mythology, philosophy and psychoanalysis in order to understand the various forms of communication of the literature with other languages, and so discuss how literary writing is able to thematize the human condition, in the specific case of this author, that as a defeated hero feeds his

No description available.

<p>Uppsatsen ingår i kursen Skapande svenska C, 30 hp inom ämnet Litteraturvetenskap vid Umeå Universitet.</p>

Informe de Seminario para optar al grado de Licenciado en Lengua y Literatura Hispánica mención Literatura / Mi informe final de Seminario de grado, estará abocado al análisis de Los Detectives salvajes de Roberto Bolaño. Este propósito es sin lugar a dudas una misión bastante ambiciosa, esto porque la escritura de esta novela y las posibilidades de lectura que de ella se desprenden, nos ponen de inmediato en un verdadero laberinto de posibilidades. Mi acercamiento se realizará por medio de un proceso que tiene como primer paso la lectura, es decir, escuchar al texto, como también entrar en diálogo con este, lo que quedará intermediado por ciertas construcciones que responden a nociones teóricas. De ahí que nuestra tarea como receptores de un mensaje es la de interpretar, de buscar la significación al enunciado, de internarnos en el laberinto de los significados y buscar una salida, la cual estará cruzada por el conjunto de voces que también nos habita a nosotros como receptores. Es entonces en esta elección personal donde distintos temas que son de mi interés entrarán entonces en un juego de interrelaciones, y de estos el que aparece en primer orden es la locura. A través de su enunciación nos precitaremos en un lenguaje marginal, esotérico e iluminador de ciertas verdades, es desde el análisis de este registro de donde pretendo abrir la lectura.

published_or_final_version / Literary and Cultural Studies / Master / Master of Arts