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The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of teaching dialogic reading (DR) strategies to patients with aphasia (PWA) as measured by DR strategy use during virtual training sessions. The secondary purpose was to improve psychosocial factors, including communicative participation, perceived stress, and confidence. A single subject multiple baseline across behaviors research design was employed via a telehealth model to examine a training program in DR strategies on expressive linguistic abilities and aspects of quality of life (QoL) in a PWA. Treatment was given four to five times a week and the session length varied based on the participant. Based on visual analysis of graphical representation of the data, it was determined that a functional relation existed between teaching the DR strategies and the PWA implementation through the training sessions for three out of the four strategies. These results provide preliminary evidence that a PWA has the necessary skills to implement DR strategies in the future. Researchers should strive towards including a child into future studies to create a more real-life situation.

The purpose of this study was to investigate if there is an additive benefit in training Emergent Literacy (EL) skills with typically developing preschoolers using a combined intervention approach, Dialogic Reading (DR) plus classroom Phonological Awareness (CL), than a single intervention approach providing only DR training. The study consisted of 8 preschoolers (5 DR+CL, 3 DR). The classroom PA training was conducted 3 times a week for 5 weeks for 20 minutes, using play-based activities. The DR training programs were held once a week for 5 weeks for 90 minutes teaching strategies that could be used in the home environment. The combined treatment group, DR + CL, demonstrated significant gains in pre-post performance on one of the pre-literacy test measures. The DR group alone demonstrated a pre-post difference that approached significance on one of the pre-literacy measures. No significant differences were obtained between the groups on the other test measures.

This study investigated an enhanced dialogic reading (DR) approach in facilitating emergent literacy skills in typically developing preschool children. Eight children from a Title One preschool and their parents participated in five weekly 90-minute training sessions that focused on phonological awareness, print awareness, and alphabet knowledge. First order effects were examined in parent questioning and interaction behaviors on pre- and post-training videotapes. Second order effects were examined in the children's outcomes from pre- to posttesting of preliteracy, speech, and language skills. Results indicated that parents made significant increases in their initiations and responses and a significant decrease in their Mean Length of Turns. Second order effects were obtained in children's significant increases in responses during storybook reading, as well as in their preliteracy skills. With the exception of MLU, there were no differences in children's oral language, speech, or receptive language skills, which support the modularity of emergent literacy skills.

There are certain ways of reading to young children that are more effective than others in increasing language, vocabulary, and building early literacy skills. Dialogic reading is a method to enhance shared book reading by providing a context for dialogue and interaction between the adult and the child. Dialogic reading has been shown to have positive effects on young childrens’ early literacy and language skills. Thus far, parents and teachers have used these techniques in the home and school in one-on-one or small group settings. However, results have been variable due to inconsistent implementation. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of implementing dialogic reading techniques in a preschool setting via cross age tutoring by fifth grade students. Students in preschool and fifth grade were recruited from a school in Eastern Maryland. Fifth graders served as tutors and were trained to use dialogic reading techniques with preschool students in the same school. The tutoring dyads met three times a week for 30 minutes for 8 weeks. Preschoolers’ receptive and expressive language skills as well as their readiness to begin school were assessed before and after the intervention, and fifth grader’s attitudes towards reading prior to and after the intervention were measured. Data on the preschool students were analyzed using an Analysis of Covariance and the results indicated significant changes in receptive, expressive and school readiness in comparison to the control group with medium to large effect sizes (.402 - .640). Furthermore, data on tutor attitudes toward reading were analyzed using two-sample paired t-tests. Results revealed an increase in positive attitudes toward recreational reading, with an effect size of .653, and an increase in general reading attitudes with an effect size of .421. Finally, teachers reported observable differences in their students and expressed interest in continuing this project. Fifth graders maintained adequate treatment integrity and felt positive about their experiences. Preschoolers reported positive experiences in reading with their tutors. Further interpretation of results, implications for practice, and future directions are discussed.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of teaching dialogic reading (DR) strategies to adolescent mothers as measured by DR strategy use during shared book reading with their children. The secondary purpose was to determine the impact of adolescent mothers' implementation of DR strategies on their preschool children’s single word vocabulary. A single subject multiple baseline across behaviors research design was implemented with one adolescent mother and her twin boys. Based on visual analysis of graphical representation of the data, it was determined there was a moderate to strong functional relation between educating an adolescent mother on DR and her implementation of DR strategies during shared book reading, depending on the DR strategy. Receptive and expressive scores on the individual book assessments decreased from baseline to intervention. These results provide preliminary evidence that adolescent mothers have the potential to implement new strategies during shared book reading when provided with direct support. Future research with this population should strive towards developing an intervention for adolescent mothers and their children to enhance children’s language and literacy development.

English fluency is a strong predictor of later academic success in the U.S. (Espinosa, 2007) In fact, a child who enters kindergarten with weak English language skills is most at risk for academic failure and dropping out of school; while a child with strong home language (L1) skills is more likely to attain fluency in English (Espinosa, 2007). A large portion of young English learners are acquiring their first and second languages at the same time. It is important to young dual language learners (DLL) that research reveals the best ways to provide effective instruction which helps maintain the home language and supports acquisition of English. This study examined the effects of an early reading intervention on preschool-age DLL children’s early literacy skills. Phonological awareness and alphabet knowledge have been identified as skills that can transfer from L1 to English (L2) to enhance the acquisition of the second language among young children (Dickinson, 2004; Durgunoglu, Nagy, & Hancin-Bhatt, 1993). There is evidence of the effectiveness of shared-reading interventions to increase children’s oral language skills across languages, race/ethnicity, and SES. The current study embedded instruction in phonological awareness and alphabet knowledge in a group of interactive reading strategies known as Dialogic Reading (DR). The intervention was delivered in the children’s home language, Spanish. Children’s growth in emergent literacy skills in Spanish and in English was monitored using a single subject with multiple baselines across subjects design. Visual analysis of single subject graphs indicated gains across all participants. In addition, paired-samples t-tests showed significant growth between pre- and post-tests in both English and Spanish of participating children. The findings have implications for research, policy, professional practice, and home literacy practices.

The aim of this study is to enhance the understanding of how preschool teachers work with and reason about a language development using a dialogic reading approach in a social reading environment, when reading aloud to the preschoolers.The study consists of a field study that uses qualitative methods including observations and semi-structured interviews with preschool teachers. The focus is on the preschool teachers’ perception about the reading activities that are part of the everyday preschool activities. The result indicates that the preschool teachers are aware of the importance of reading aloud and to use a dialogic reading activities to develop the preschooler’s language development. The result also indicates that an obstacle to a truly successful social reading environment, is the lack of time, but the preschool teachers try to overcome this obstacle by all means. Another result is that preschool teachers’ use of reading-aloud and dialogic reading differs depending on the age of the preschoolers.The study concludes that preschools are working with language development among the preschoolers on a daily basis, by using reading-aloud and dialogic reading, where language and pictures are the main focus. Furthermore, the preschools in this study consider it equally important to involve parents in the education of their children, i.e., that the preschool teachers have to make parents aware of the importance of reading aloud to their child, but also about the significance of using a dialogic reading. / Syftet med denna studie är att fördjupa förståelsen kring hur förskollärare arbetar med och resonerar kring det språkutvecklande arbetet i relation till högläsning och dialogisk läsning i en social läsmiljö. Studien har en kvalitativ metodansats och materialet samlades in med hjälp av observationer och semistrukturerade intervjuer med förskollärare och kretsade kring de läsaktiviteter som sker i förskolans verksamhet. Studiens resultat visar att förskollärarna är medvetna om högläsningens och den dialogiska läsningens betydelse för barns språkutveckling. Resultatet visar även en allmän tidsbrist gör att det språkpedagogiska arbetet ibland blir eftersatt men att förskollärarna ändå försöker hitta metoder för att kringgå detta. Resultatet indikerar även att lärarna arbetar på lite olika sätt på småbarnsavdelningarna respektive på avdelningarna för de äldre barnen.Studien konstaterar att förskolorna kontinuerligt arbetar med dialogisk läsning och sätter språket och olika texter samt bilder i fokus. Förskolorna ser det även som viktigt att vårdnadshavarna blir aktivt delaktiga i sina barns språkutveckling och förskolorna behöver därför uppmuntra dem att bli medvetna om högläsningens betydelse.

O objetivo dessa pesquisa foi lançar luz à questão da experiência estética da leitura literária dialógica e seus efeitos para os sujeitos, no âmbito da prática social de clubes de leitura. Para tal, buscou-se compreender como se dá essa experiência, descrever suas características e compreender a influência de seus efeitos na subjetividade e sociabilidade dos leitores e leitoras, procurando revelar como sujeitos comuns a vivenciam no cotidiano. Foi utilizado o método fenomenológico em pesquisa qualitativa aplicado a três grupos de pessoas de ambos os sexos e com idades entre 23 e 52 anos (considerando apenas os participantes fixos), integrantes de três clubes de leitura com perfis e preferências literárias variadas, em funcionamento na capital e região metropolitana de São Paulo. A discussão de resultados foi realizada por meio de um diálogo interdisciplinar entre teóricos da fenomenologia, da antropologia, da estética e da teoria literária. Os achados da pesquisa envolvem questões relativas à peculiar relação das mulheres com a leitura e com a literatura; a possibilidade de ampliação das formas de subjetivação a partir do encontro com o livro e do diálogo com outros leitores e leitoras e a criação de novos espaços de pertencimento propiciados por esses encontros / The aim of this research was to shed light on the question of the aesthetic experience of literary reading and its effects on subjects within the social practice of reading clubs. To do this, we sought to understand how this experience is given, to describe its characteristics and to understand the influence of its effects on the subjectivity and sociability of readers, trying to reveal how common subjects experience it in everyday life. The phenomenological method in qualitative research was applied to three groups of people of both genders and aged between 23 and 52 years (considering only the fixed participants), members of three reading clubs with varied literary profiles and preferences, operating in the capital and metropolitan region of São Paulo. The discussion of results was carried out through an interdisciplinary dialogue between autors of phenomenology, anthropology, aesthetics and literary theory. The findings of the research involve questions related to women\'s peculiar relationship with reading and literature; the possibility of expanding the forms of subjectivation from the encounter with the book and the dialogue with other readers and the creation of new spaces of belonging provided by these meetings

Submitted by Alison Vanceto (alison-vanceto@hotmail.com) on 2017-01-16T10:33:53Z No. of bitstreams: 1 TeseSMAC.pdf: 5914208 bytes, checksum: 5826e14f7cac74ec7164cb7f06dfaa6d (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Marina Freitas (marinapf@ufscar.br) on 2017-01-17T12:53:30Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 TeseSMAC.pdf: 5914208 bytes, checksum: 5826e14f7cac74ec7164cb7f06dfaa6d (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Marina Freitas (marinapf@ufscar.br) on 2017-01-17T12:53:38Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 TeseSMAC.pdf: 5914208 bytes, checksum: 5826e14f7cac74ec7164cb7f06dfaa6d (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-01-17T12:54:24Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 TeseSMAC.pdf: 5914208 bytes, checksum: 5826e14f7cac74ec7164cb7f06dfaa6d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-11-08 / Não recebi financiamento / Our objectives for this work are: 1) demonstrate, from Mikhail Bakhtin's theory, how an educational activity that promotes dialogic reading provides critical formation coordinated between orality and writing, the author authorship and the readers authorship in shared reading and 2) evidence how the reading of world and reading of word are given at the same time in an educational activity of success, such as Dialogic Literary Gatherings. It is a qualitative research and procedures are: a) participation in Dialogic Literary Gatherings; b) interviews about important moments in the life of the research subjects and with the teacher who performs the Dialogic Literary Gatherings in their classes; c) identification of meanings that emerge from the meeting between word and ideologies that are present during the reading. So as to do that, our references were the studies of Mikhail Bakhtin to compare and analyze the data, we discuss a new conception of reading, we reflect on the needs of the subjects of Youth and Adult Education (YAE) in school context and present the Dialogic Literary Gatherings as an educational activity of success that provides knowledge of quality to all participants involved through dialogic learning. As a result, we show the potential of the dialogic reading for the production of knowledge, for the constitution of innovative ways to mean text, more connected to the reality of the reader, we emphasize the need to discuss the educational practices of success that happen in YAE and reveal as the reader expands its own understanding of the world when it expands your reading comprehension. / Nossos objetivos para este trabalho são: 1) demonstrar, a partir da teoria de Mikhail Bakhtin, como uma atuação educativa que promova a leitura dialógica proporciona formação crítica coordenada entre oralidade e escrita, autoria do autor e autoria dos leitores em leitura compartilhada e 2) evidenciar como leitura de mundo e leitura da palavra se dão ao mesmo tempo em uma atuação educativa de êxito, como a Tertúlia Literária Dialógica. Trata-se de uma investigação de natureza qualitativa, cujos procedimentos envolvem: a) a participação em atividades de Tertúlia Literária Dialógica; b) entrevistas sobre momentos importantes na vida dos sujeitos da pesquisa e com o professor que realiza as Tertúlias em suas aulas; c) a identificação dos sentidos que emergem do encontro entre palavra e ideologias que circulam durante a leitura. Para isso, amparamo-nos nos estudos de Mikhail Bakhtin para entrecruzarmos e analisarmos os dados, discutimos uma nova concepção de leitura, refletimos sobre as necessidades dos sujeitos da EJA em âmbito escolar e apresentamos a Tertúlia Literária Dialógica como uma atividade educativa de êxito que proporciona conhecimento instrumental de qualidade a todos os participantes envolvidos via aprendizagem dialógica. Como resultados, mostramos o potencial da leitura dialógica para a produção de conhecimentos, para a constituição de formas inovadoras de significar o texto, mais conectadas com a realidade do leitor, salientamos a necessidade de discutir as práticas educativas de êxito que acontecem na EJA e revelamos como o leitor amplia a sua própria compreensão de mundo quando amplia a sua compreensão leitora.