This thesis explores the styles and voices of Derand Errol Wright in poetry.

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More than 300,000 Spaniards have left Spain since 2008, the majority being the well-educated youth. The exodus of youth represents an unusual and concerning phenomenon for Spain. This thesis explains the factors contributing to the emigration of Spanish well-educated youth, and from there extrapolates on implications for the nature of an integrated market in the European Union. It concludes that push-pull economic factors and an affiliation with the European Union internal market encourage intra-European migration. Additionally, political disillusionment within Spain erodes the sense of national loyalty among youth to further promote emigration. The Spanish case demonstrates that within a community as integrated as the European Union, tensions between international markets and national sovereignty are bound to permeate the community. This tension is demonstrated by the validity of both terms "national crisis" and "functioning European Union market" to describe the emigration.

This thesis examines narrative uncertainty in the twentieth century novel as it relates to madness, adultery, and the convention of the unreliable narrator. The unreliable narratives of Ford Madox Ford’s The Good Soldier and Marguerite Duras’ Le Ravissement de Lol V. Stein expose their characters’ investment in illusions, the doubling of the narrators’ and readers’ desires to interpret, the transfer of madness through narrative, and the possibility that a void of meaning underlies the text.

Thesis (M.S.)--Miami University, Dept. of Family Studies and Social Work, 2008. / Title from first page of PDF document. Includes bibliographical references (p. 23-30).

Ahmadou Kourouma, Hélé Béji et Patrick Chamoiseau constituent le matériau à partir duquel nous avons conduit notre aventure analytique en vue de démontrer le double visage d’une Afrique mythique qui n’a pas fini de révéler ses mystères. Les trois écrivains ont su piloter l’identité africaine avec beaucoup d’éclat et de sensibilité, dans des couleurs scripturales polymorphes qui s’accordent cependant toutes harmonieusement entre elles, car elles se donnent à voir comme fortement allégoriques et grandement engagées. Ainsi leurs plumes semblent-elles disposer les lignes comme autant de repères d’une traversée oscillant souvent entre réalité et fiction. La quête identitaire qui transcende les écrits étudiés est particulièrement emblématique, visant à traduire le dilemme que vit l’Afrique décolonisée, toujours prisonnière d’un passé affligeant contre lequel elle se bat vaillamment, en tâchant de panser ses maux et d’avancer sans fléchir sur le chemin de la démocratie. Ce chemin vers la délivrance est parsemé d’embûches interminables, car la volonté de libération est fatalement entravée par les déboires que causent les régimes dictatoriaux en gestation. Ainsi l’Afrique croule-t-elle, à son insu, sous le poids du désenchantement face aux dérives coloniales, affrontant une incommensurable désillusion liée aux leurres des Indépendances.À travers les pérégrinations de ses personnages, chacun des trois auteurs a essayé de partager le fardeau de son peuple, en tentant d’exprimer sa conscience. Dès lors, chacun s’est employé à l’éloigner du spectre du désespoir et à le détourner des tribulations de la vie quotidienne. / Ahmadou Kourouma, Hélé Béji and Patrick Chamoiseau constitute the material from which we conducted our analytical adventure with a view to showing the dualistic nature of a mythical Africa which is still in the process of revealing its mysteries. The three writers have successfully managed to get hold of African identity, vividly and sensitively, in polymorphic written colours which, however, work wonderfully together because they are visibly allegorical and highly committed. So the writers' pens seem to lay lines as waypoints in a crossing that fluctuates between reality and fiction.The quest for identity which transcends the works we have studied is particularly emblematic, as it means to convey the reality of the dilemma experienced by decolonized Africa which is still the prisoner of a distressing past it bravely grapples with, trying to heal its wounds and to move forward relentlessly on the road to democracy. This way to deliverance is filled with unending challenges because the desire to be free is inevitably hindered by the setbacks caused by dictatorships in the making. As a result, Africa is collapsing under the weight of disenchantment caused by colonial excesses, without even being aware of it, struggling against an unfathomable disillusion resulting from the snares of Independence.Through their characters' peregrinations, the three writers have endeavoured to share the burden of their own peoples, each in their own way, by trying to be and express their conscience. Indeed, they applied themselves to taking their peoples away from the spectre of despair and to diverting them from the trials and tribulations of daily life.

A commonplace among Hardy critics is that as a young man Hardy lost his Christian faith and entered a serious religious disillusionment. The mainstream of Hardy criticism has followed the general consensus that Hardy suffered keenly as a result of this experience and looked back on Christianity with poignant nostalgia. If his view is not purely nostalgic, traditional criticism has insisted, then it seems at worst only ambivalent. The purpose of this dissertation is to argue that Hardy's attitude toward Christianity as revealed in his novels is not only not ambiguous, but, as a matter of fact, is specifically anti-Christian, often to the point of vehemence; that his treatment of various components of Christianity in his novels is aggressively anti-Christian; and that the feeling is so pronounced that the novels may be read as anti-Christian propagandistic tracts. This dissertation evaluates Hardy's cynical view of and attack on Christianity by examining his treatment of its symbols, such as its architecture, and its practitioners, both clergy and laity. Furthermore, since Hardy's attitude is shown not only in specific comments and particular situations but also in general tone, attention is directed toward the pervasive irony with which Hardy regards the entire panoply of Christianity. Although a few short stories and poems considered particularly relevant receive passing attention, this study is restricted primarily to a consideration of Hardy's fourteen novels. Moreover, this study notes the lack of continuity of development or logical intensification of Hardy's attitude toward Christianity during the twenty-four years spanning the time between the publication of his first novel, Desperate Remedies, in 1871 and the publication of his last novel, Jude the Obscure, in 1895.

Title: They are searching for the holes in their bodies and souls – desistance from violent Islamic extremism, a qualitative approach.   This essay aims to provide a deeper understanding and insight into why individuals choose to leave violence-promoting Islamist environments. The choice of method has been qualitative. The essay consists of four semi-structured interviews with key informants. The interview material has been transcribed and coded individually by both authors. The study has taken an integrated theoretical approach where the main framework consists of a life course perspective supported by Hirschi’s theory of social bonds, Merton’s theory of strain and Sutherland’s theory of differential associations. The main findings show that possible turning points with regards to desistance related to violence-promoting Islamist environments primarily consists of aspects related to belonging and social contexts. In other words, this essay shows that social relations are an integral part with regards to desistance. The findings closely correspond to those of previous studies within the field. The findings are supported by the study’s theoretical framework where pro-social community interactions strengthen the social bonds to society through differential associations, this in turn leads to a decreased amount of strain. / Uppsatsen syftar till att ge en djupare förståelse och insikt till varför individer väljer att avhålla sig från våldsbejakande islamistiska miljöer. Valet av metod har varit kvalitativt. Uppsatsens teoretiska utgångspunkt utgörs av ett integrerat perspektiv innehållande Life Course Theory, Mertons teori om Strain, Hirschis sociala band och Sutherlands differentiella associationer. Uppsatsens underlag består av fyra semistrukturerade intervjuer med nyckelinformanter. Intervjumaterialet har transkriberats och kodats individuellt av båda författarna. Resultaten visar att vändpunkter i förhållande till utträden från våldsbejakande islamistiska extremistiska grupperingar i huvudsak utgörs av aspekter relaterade till tillhörighet, sammanhang och disillusionment. Resultaten korresponderar väl till tidigare forskning inom området och kan förklaras utifrån uppsatsens teoretiska ramverk, där en pro-social gemenskap skapar sociala band genom differentiella associationer - resultaten därav blir minskade upplevelser av strain.

Brazil's 1964-1985 military regime served as one of the principle catalysts for the leftist counterculture movement, Tropicália, which gave way to a new class of músicas engajadas. Later, during the period of redemocratization that followed the dictatorship, musicians extended the morphed the art into new forms, particularly through the use of rock-and-roll. The sociopolitical musical criticism that was formerly cloaked under the censorship stylistically transformed itself into an open, blunt, and much louder movement. Standing at the head of this new period of músicas engajadas was Renato Russo, frontman and lyricist of the Brock band Legião Urbana. At the height of political turmoil following the abertura, Russo confessed in a 1989 interview, "Até bem pouco tempo atrás, a gente realmente acreditava que poderia mudar alguma coisa. Depois, percebemos que não ia dar mais para mudar, mas continuamos acreditando" (Assad 207). This contradictory sentiment of both hope and despair in regards to the future of Brazil is present in a number of the lyricist's works. An analysis of Russo's músicas engajadas reveals a pattern of oppositions in Russo's relationship with the political and social state of Brazil, all of which can be categorized under the topic of hope versus disillusionment: an imagined utopian Brazil versus a perceived, present dystopia; progress versus stagnancy; and ironic criticism versus sincere aspirations for the future of Brazil. These contradictions are in part due to Russo's conflict as both an insider and outsider of the Brazilian experience, being raised physically close to the source of political unrest, but otherwise considered an outlier in terms of education, social circle, sexual orientation, and musical taste. This work analyzes the duality of hope and disillusionment in Legião Urbana's oeuvre in order to explore Russo's path in both criticizing and identifying the continuous missteps within the Brazilian state, and inspiring a new generation to correct the errors plaguing Brazil since colonial times.

This thesis analyzes five selected memoirs by Iranian women written after the Iranian Revolution of 1979 within the framework of the pre and post Revolution Period. These memoirs are thought as constituting a shift within the Iranian Literature by women. The memoir writing tradition in Iran which was absent before the revolution and boomed afterwards is the first topic of discussion with its catalysing factors. These memoirs are handled within the larger framework of Iranian literary tradition. The study mainly analyses the common characteristics and issues in these five memoirs, and the changes in the women&rsquo / s lives after the revolution as depicted within the memoirs.