The purpose of this thesis is to investigate how international development organizations are working to communicate campaigns and photographs from one cultural context to another. Additionally, will challenges in making campaigns which are both ethical appropriate and engaging be highlighted and discussed in relation to today’s impatient media landscape where globalization and development are dominated by economic interests. This research follows the international development cooperation We Effect and explore their whole media production process while making external communication from the work in Kenya to the target group in Sweden. The researcher has done interviews with decision makers at the head office in Stockholm, regional communicators in Nairobi, independent photographers and farmers in the fields of Kenya, visible in We Effect’s campaigns in Sweden. Additionally, ethnographical observations and diary notes contribute to answer the question how international organizations are planning, creating and distributing ethical and engaging media about development organizations long-term development work. In theoretical discussions, anchored in concepts about global culture, cosmopolitanism and how to mediate distant others, together with previous literature by Lilie Chouliaraki, Roger Silverstone and Stuart Hall, will this research state that there are several challenges in communicating messages from one cultural context to another. The distance, both geographical and mental, makes it challenging for the media producers and spectators to understand the same message; this research states that both the media producers and spectators’ interpretations of photographs and messages are dependent on their cultural background.

<p>This dissertation focuses on a very special topic in the field of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) in solution: Intermolecular Multiple Quantum Coherences, or iMQCs, which can only be created by intermolecular dipolar couplings. Since the very beginnings of NMR, it has been known that dipolar couplings dominate the solid-state linewidth for spin-1/2 nuclei, but the effects are still not fully understood. The angular dependency (1-3cos2&#952;ij) and distant dependency (rij-3) of dipolar coupling led to an oversimplified conclusion that it can be ignored in an isotropic liquid. Thus, it was surprising when COSY Revamped by Asymmetric Z-gradient Echo Detection (CRAZED) was first introduced in the early `90s and showed strong iMQC signals. Since then, CRAZED has inspired a wide range of applications for iMQCs and led to two different but equivalent mathematical frameworks to describes these effects, which we call the conventional DDF theory.</p><p>However, several disagreements between the conventional DDF theory and experiments have grasped our attention recently. This dissertation will: first, demonstrate how conventional picture fails by two examples, Multi-axis CRAZED (MAXCRAZED) and Gradient-embedded COSY Experiment (GRACE); second, provide a corrected DDF theory; and, third, discuss what impact this correction will bring.</p><p>Intermolecular double quantum coherences (iDQCs) are very sensitive to the local anisotropy (10&#956;m - 1mm) and can be used to create positive contrast highlighting superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs). This dissertation will show the design and optimization of iDQC anisotropy by a series of phantom experiments. A set of numerical simulations will then be provided for a sub-voxel level explanation. We will also demonstrate how the newly corrected DDF theory can be quickly adapted to improve the iDQC anisotropy.</p><p>Finally, as a side product of this research, the mechanism of diacetyl hydration/dehydration as solved by NMR will be provided.</p> / Dissertation

Human thyroid cancer is the most commonly occurring cancer of the endocrine gland having good survival rate, but some patients show recurrence with an invasive phenotype and treatment failures. The mechanisms behind this invasive phenotype are not well understood in TC. Previously our group has identified a pro-migratory role of relaxin-like peptides in thyroid cancer that is mediated by S100A4. We have observed in human TC cells that extracellular S100A4 induces migration and activates ERK1/2, JNK/SAPK and NFkB signaling pathways. Employing immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence we have identified the expression of RAGE in human TC primary cells, cell lines, and in tumor tissues but not in normal thyroid tissues. We showed that S100A4 binds to RAGE in TC cells and that RAGE and its cytoplasmic partner Dia-1 mediate the S100A4-induced migration of TC cells. This study identified a crucial role of RAGE in TC cell migration induced by S100A4.

Human thyroid cancer is the most commonly occurring cancer of the endocrine gland having good survival rate, but some patients show recurrence with an invasive phenotype and treatment failures. The mechanisms behind this invasive phenotype are not well understood in TC. Previously our group has identified a pro-migratory role of relaxin-like peptides in thyroid cancer that is mediated by S100A4. We have observed in human TC cells that extracellular S100A4 induces migration and activates ERK1/2, JNK/SAPK and NFkB signaling pathways. Employing immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence we have identified the expression of RAGE in human TC primary cells, cell lines, and in tumor tissues but not in normal thyroid tissues. We showed that S100A4 binds to RAGE in TC cells and that RAGE and its cytoplasmic partner Dia-1 mediate the S100A4-induced migration of TC cells. This study identified a crucial role of RAGE in TC cell migration induced by S100A4.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:31:31Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2010-02-19Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:22:18Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 costa_mlf_dr_arafcl.pdf: 868619 bytes, checksum: 5623b89fa8095a10db923546098845b7 (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Este trabalho tem como objeto de análise as políticas públicas para o Ensino Superior a distância (EAD) e a implementação do Sistema Universidade Aberta do Brasil (UAB), tomando-se como ponto de partida a oficialização dessa modalidade de ensino na atual Lei de Diretrizes e Bases da Educação Nacional (Lei no 9.334/96). O foco central são as ações desenvolvidas no Estado do Paraná para a oferta de cursos superiores a distância em trinta e sete polos selecionados por dois editais publicados pela Secretaria de Educação a Distância (SEED) do Ministério da Educação (MEC) em 2005 e 2006. Neste sentido, o objetivo geral deste estudo é analisar os procedimentos adotados para viabilizar a implementação de cursos superiores ofertados em uma modalidade distinta do ensino presencial, no âmbito do Sistema UAB. A metodologia adotada para a aquisição dos dados desta pesquisa envolveu a leitura e a análise do arcabouço legal que institui o Sistema UAB, o que caracteriza este estudo como uma pesquisa documental. Além disto, foram aplicados questionários aos coordenadores de polos, os quais acompanham cotidianamente as atividades desenvolvidas pelas Instituições de Ensino Superior (IES) responsáveis pela oferta dos cursos. O resultado da pesquisa vem reforçar a premissa básica de que a expansão da oferta de cursos superiores a distância por meio da modalidade a distância é um fato inconteste. Mais do que isto, verifica-se que a abertura de vagas por instituições públicas devidamente credenciadas para a modalidade a distância confere credibilidade ao Sistema UAB e reforça o discurso em defesa da universidade pública e gratuita. A pesquisa demonstra que é preciso estabelecer regras e condições mais precisas para que os polos de apoio presencial localizados no Estado do Paraná tenham a estrutura física adequada para a oferta de cursos superiores que possuam... / The aim of this study is to evaluate and analyze public policies regarding remote tertiary education and the establishment of the Brazilian Open University system (BOU-UAB) as a starting point for its officialization of this kind of education in the current federal education law (law number 9.334/96). The central focus are the initiatives taken in the State of Paraná (Brazil), offering tertiary education courses in 37 remote educational clusters published by the Distant Education Secretary (DES-SEED) of the Ministry of Education along 2005 and 2006. The general objective is to evaluate procedures to make feasible the offer of remote courses. The methodology adopted to conduct this study regarded the reading and evaluation of the legal backbone which established the Open University system. Querstionaries were distributed to the coordinators, who are hands on and directly involved in the activities at shop floor level. The main conclusion is that undoubtedly, distant education is growing, moreover, the involvement of the federal official educational system confers credibility of the open university system and emphasizes the discourse over the public and free education. The research shows the need of establishment of clear rules and precise conditions for the remote centers located in the State of Paraná, with adequate infra structure to continue the offer of courses with a quality standard of the UAB open university system.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:24:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2005-09-02Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:10:53Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 oreilly_mcrb_me_rcla.pdf: 1161020 bytes, checksum: dcc236caf9de596aaf78362dfe420978 (MD5) / Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) / Este estudo desenvolve uma análise do processo de implementação do Projeto Veredas -Formação Superior de Professores, enquanto política pública, com o objetivo de identificar o grau de contribuição deste programa de educação a distância, para a formação dos docentes das redes estadual e municipal, em exercício, na jurisdição da 31ª Superintendência Regional de Ensino de Poços de Caldas. Analisa o Projeto no âmbito da gestão, procurando identificar sua perspectiva, cotejada às políticas de formação de professores, implantadas no Estado e no país, na década de 1990, onde por meio de processos facilitadores de acumulação capitalista, as reformas educativas postas pelas atuais políticas educacionais atribuem centralidade à formação dos docentes da educação básica. Esta definição está ligada às exigências criadas pelas mudanças econômicas e sociais resultantes da globalização, dos avanços científicos e tecnológicos e do papel que o mercado vem assumindo na esfera social. Para tanto, além de uma revisão bibliográfica em torno da temática, procedemos à análise das políticas de formação emanadas desta década, no Brasil e no Estado de Minas Gerais, procurando desenhar o panorama de ações e programas decorrentes, com destaque para o Projeto Veredas. A pesquisa de campo realizada com os professores/cursistas, secretários municipais de educação, superintendente regional de ensino, coordenadores e tutores responsáveis pela regional de Poços de Caldas buscou apreender suas concepções e expectativas e, em que medida o Veredas, enquanto política pública, cumpre com este papel. Ao recuperar a trajetória percorrida, procuramos responder às questões levantadas, bem como apontar novas inquietações e desafios. O resultado deste estudo revela que o Projeto Veredas - Formação Superior de Professores contribuiu... / This study analyses the process of implementation of Projeto Veredas - Formação Superior de Professores, as a public policy, aiming to identify how much this long distant program contributes to the formation of professors at public schools, under the jurisdiction of the 31ª Superintedência Regional de Ensino de Poços de Caldas. It also analyses the project within the scope of administration, trying to identify its perspective linked to the formation of professors policies implemented in the state and in the country in the 1990s , in which by processes of capitalism accumulation, education reforms done by the present policies focus on the formation of teachers at basic levels. This definition is linked to the requests of the economic and social changes resulting from globalization, scientific and technological advances and the role that the job field plays in the social sphere. In order to do so, besides a reference study about the issue, the formation policies, in Brazil and in the State of Minas Gerais, at the present decade were analyzed, aiming to have an overview from the actions and programs which arose, giving special emphasis to Projeto Veredas. The field research done with professors, municipal secretaries, regional education superintendent, coordinators who are responsible for the region of Poços de Caldas, searched its conceptions and expectations, and how the project, as a public policy, plays its role. Reviewing all the aspects, we tried to answer all the questions which arose, as well as all the new ones and challenges. The result of this study reveals that Projeto Veredas - Formação Superior de Professores contributed, as a public policy, to confirm the fragility of some specific formation of professors programs which are unprovided of continuity and reafirm the urgent necessity to transform the National Professor Formation Policy in an ever lasting program, in which the effective participation of entities and educators is guarante

This thesis explores of how American and British television mediated the crisis that started with the 4 April 2017 alleged chemical attack in Syria and culminated with the subsequent attack on Syria by the United States 7 April 2017. It builds upon a rich literature and focuses on the politics of pity in the mediated representation of distant suffering as set out by Luc Boltanski. The thesis utilizes a methodological approach which merges Lilie Chouliaraki’s ‘analytics of mediation’ with Roxanne Lynn Doty’s view of discourse analysis. The results find that CNNW mediated the distant suffering based on ostensibly a priori knowledge, whereas BBC News was more inclined to guide the spectators along a line of investigative reasoning.

When a person drives a truck into the middle of a crowd celebrating Bastille Day in Nice, horrifying images, and witnessing stories is spread around the world. The Swedish nationwide evening tabloid newspaper Aftonbladet publishes the story during one week on their Facebook page, resulting in thousands of comments. This paper examines the interactive audience responses on social media towards the encounter of suffering caused in the Nice attack, 14th July 2016. Using framing analysis in combination with a qualitative content analysis the study focuses on 702 comments provided on Aftonbladets Facebook wall. This study analyses the opinions towards suffering visible in the material during the first days of the attack. Frame theory and media witnessing are used as theoretical framework. The analysis reveals four frames: the moral conflict frame where people criticize the witnessing by media, the reality conflict frame where people emphasizes suffering as a global issue, the justice conflict frame where suffering is discussed in terms compassion as something you deserve, and the emotional frame where people’s feelings of witnessing suffering is in focus. Previous research says that audiences are more likely to feel compassion towards victims if they can see themselves in them and/or if there is a short cultural and spatial distance between them, and this study has come to the same conclusion. However, this study contributes with knowledge about how the social media users negotiate compassion (the justice conflict frame and reality conflict frame) and focus on the questions of ethics when it comes to distant suffering (the moral conflict frame and emotional frame).

京都大学 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(人間健康科学) / 甲第23121号 / 人健博第83号 / 新制||人健||6(附属図書館) / 京都大学大学院医学研究科人間健康科学系専攻 / (主査)教授 椎名 毅, 教授 藤井 康友, 教授 平井 豊博 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Human Health Sciences / Kyoto University / DFAM

Fisheries are dynamic social-ecological systems shaped by the interplay of diverse political, economic, social and ecological factors. Recently, recognition has grown that fisheries are complex adaptive systems and warrant examination within a broader social-ecological context. While there has been a recent trend within fisheries science and management towards embracing more holistic approaches, research on global fisheries rarely addresses the complexities that shape large-scale fishing patterns. In this thesis I adopt a complex systems perspective with the ambition of understanding the complex and context-specific nature of global fishing by exploring the evolution of the Japanese distant water fishery (DWF). By combining investigation of global catch statistics with a review of associated primary, secondary and grey literature, I produce a narrative of how the Japanese DWF has expanded and contracted between 1950 and 2014, its geographical extent, and the factors that have contributed to these patterns. The results illustrate how complex and context-specific the DWF system is in the case of Japan. Using this in-depth study, I then address recent publications on global fisheries that use approaches that tend to minimise complexity through generalisations rather than seeking a deeper understanding of how this complexity shapes global fisheries. Finally, based on the exploratory findings of this thesis, I suggest that to better understand the complex dynamics inherent to global fisheries, further research informed by complexity thinking is needed on distant water fishing nations.