Submitted by Nara Lays Domingues Viana Oliveira (naradv) on 2015-08-06T19:22:26Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DanielBertoglioComputacao.pdf: 2836903 bytes, checksum: d32fdc80bc5cb27105db4d97c0231d7f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-08-06T19:22:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DanielBertoglioComputacao.pdf: 2836903 bytes, checksum: d32fdc80bc5cb27105db4d97c0231d7f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011 / Nenhuma / Atualmente, a atribuição de novas tecnologias aliadas à computação distribuída tem crescido exponencialmente devido a necessidade cada vez mais imposta de otimização dos recursos computacionais. As redes P2P (Peer-to-Peer) são um exemplo de arquitetura de sistemas distribuídos onde os nós atuam tanto na função de clientes como na de servidores. A relação desses nós participantes apresenta questões relacionadas à confiança devido as comunicações que esses realizam, e uma vez que o comportamento dos nós é dinâmico, indicam-se problemas voltados a segurança. Dessa forma, um sistema de reputação e confiança é um meio de se controlar o funcionamento da rede e demais problemas através de métodos de recompensa e penalização. Analisando o contexto de aplicação, nota-se que utilizar um mecanismo de penalização para limitar largura de banda, como acontece tradicionalmente em sistemas P2P, não é uma alternativa viável para ambientes LAN, devido justamente aos recursos que esse tipo de rede detém como característica própria. Dentre diversas outras possibilidades, a limitação de acesso às informações sobre os arquivos compartilhados evidencia adequadamente uma maneira concisa e aplicável para tratar a penalização em redes locais. Este trabalho tem como objetivo então o desenvolvimento de um sistema de reputação para redes locais, denominado TrustLP2P. O TrustLP2P propõe um modelo que visa adequar os aspectos do ambiente de rede local ao mesmo tempo em que atribui conceitos baseados em outros sistemas de reputação existentes, fazendo uso de valores de reputação e confiança para que os nós possam classificar uns aos outros. Aliado a isso, mensurando através dos valores de reputação os participantes, o sistema também tem por finalidade recompensar ou penalizar os nós de acordo com seu comportamento. Um exemplo de aplicação para o TrustLP2P é o LP2P (Local Peer-to-Peer ), uma plataforma de comunicação para ambientes distribuídos voltada para o compartilhamento de arquivos, desenvolvida pelo projeto da linha de pesquisa de Redes de Computadores e Sistemas Distribuídos do PIPCA, Unisinos. Assim, o sistema proposto proporciona ao LP2P um controle adequado sobre as ações dos nós, através de aspectos consistentes que são descritos no seu modelo. / Currently, assign new technologies designed to distributed computing has grown exponentially due to the need for optimization of computing resources. The P2P (Peer-to-Peer) is an example of architecture of distributed systems where the nodes work both in the role of client as the server. The relationship of these nodes presents issues relating to the trust due the communications between them, and since the behavior of nodes is dynamic, security problems are indicated. Thus, a reputation and trust system is one way to control the operation of the network and other problems through methods of reward and punishment. Analyzing the application context, it is notable that use a penalty mechanism to limit bandwidth, as traditionally happens in P2P systems, it is not a viable alternative for LAN environments, due to the resources that this type of network has its own characteristic. Among several other possibilities, limiting access to information about the shared _les shows a concise and applicable manner to establish the penalty in local networks. This study aims to develop a reputation system for local networks, called TrustLP2P. The TrustLP2P proposes a model that adapts aspects of the local network environment at the sime time that related concepts based on other existing reputation systems, making use of reputation and trust values so that the nodes can classify each other. Allied to this, measuring the values of reputation through the participants, the system also aims to reward or penalize the nodes according to their behavior. An application for TrustLP2P is LP2P (Local Peer-to-Peer), a communication platform for distributed environments focused on the sharing of _les, developed by the research project of Computer Networks and Distributed Systems of PIPCA, Unisinos. Thus, the proposed system provides for LP2P an adequate control over the actions of the nodes, through consistent aspects that are described in their model.

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Der Beruf als wesentliche Institution der Anerkennung in der modernen Gesellschaft steht im Wandel und dadurch die Anerkennungschancen und -formen der Arbeit. Fokussiert wird zunehmend Arbeit, die sich an ihrem Erfolg misst und weniger Arbeit, bei welcher die Leistung an sich im Vordergrund steht. Dadurch wird die Wertlosigkeit bestimmter Beschäftigungsgruppen gefördert sowie die De-Institutionalisierung der Anerkennung im Beruf gestärkt. Zudem entfallen durch immer flacher werdende Unternehmens-Hierarchien auch Möglichkeiten Anerkennung durch Positionssymbole auszurücken. Dies bedeutet, dass die Sichtbarmachung von Leistung und des Sich-Sichtbarmachens an Wichtigkeit gewinnt. (...)

Magistro darbo objektas yra nevyriausybinės organizacijos vidinė komunikacija ir jos įtaka reputacijos valdymui. Darbo tikslas – išanalizavus nevyriausybinės organizacijos reputacijos valdymo kontekstą, išnagrinėti nevyriausybinės organizacijos vidinės komunikacijos taikymo reputacijos valdyme galimybes. Darbo uždaviniai: išanalizuoti nevyriausybinės organizacijos reputacijos valdymo poreikius; išnagrinėti organizacijos reputacijos tematikos tyrinėtojų sukurtus organizacijos reputacijos valdymo modelius ir jų pritaikymo galimybes nevyriausybinės organizacijos reputacijos valdyme; išanalizuoti nevyriausybinės organizacijos vidinės komunikacijos veiksnius ir jų įtaką nevyriausybinės organizacijos reputacijos valdymui; išnagrinėti pasirinktos nevyriausybinės organizacijos vidinės komunikacijos veiksnius, turinčius įtakos organizacijos reputacijos valdymui ir pateikti rekomendacijas dėl vidinės komunikacijos taikymo reputacijos valdyme. Naudojantis mokslinės literatūros analizės metodu, padarytos išvados, kad nevyriausybinės organizacijos reputacijos valdyme svarbu atsižvelgti į pagrindinius nevyriausybinių organizacijų bruožus: institucionalizavimą, pelno nesiekiančios veiklos vykdymą, savivaldos ir savanoriškumo principus. Nevyriausybinės organizacijos reputacijos valdyme galima taikyti daugelį tyrinėtojų siūlomų reputacijos valdymo modelių, tačiau modeliai turi būti pritaikomi atsižvelgiant į konkrečios organizacijos specifiką, dydį, vidinių grupių skaičių, veiklos formas... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / The object of this study is non-governmental organization’s internal communication and its role in reputation management. The aim of this study is to analyse the context of non-governmental organization reputation management and according to it find out the significance of the internal communication factors in non-governmental organization reputation management. The tasks of the study: to analyse the factors which have settled the need of non-governmental organization reputation management; to analyse organization reputation management models and opportunities for non-governmental organization reputation management; to analyse internal communication factors and application of these factors in non-governmental organization reputation management; to analyze chosen organization‘s internal communication factors what may have influence to organizations reputation management as well as make recommendations for the chosen organization‘s internal communication factors applying in reputation management. Analysis of science literature has indicated that in non-governmental organizations reputation management it is important to take account of the main features of non-governmental organizations: institutionalization, non-profit activity, self-government and voluntary principles. In non-governmental organizations reputation management could be used many researchers proposed reputation management models, but these models would be adapted to the specificities of a particular organization... [to full text]

This diploma thesis deals with trade marks with reputation materia as a subgroup of trade marks connected with greater protection. First parts of this thesis are dedicated to an introduction to the trade mark law, in particular the inclusion of trade mark law in the legal system, principles governing this branch of law description and especially familiarization with the Czech trade mark law sources through an enumeration of the individual regulations, along with their significance. Parts three and four then are focused on the concept of trade mark with reputation and the specifics analysed also by comparison with the famous trade mark, because these two concepts are united in their development, which is also described. In the fifth part, the concept of luxury brands is described for the purposes of this thesis, where importance of reputation for luxury brands is covered through luxury brands characteristics analysis, and expanded in the context of individual court decisions, not only the European institutions. The final part of this thesis presents selected decisions relating to non-traditional trade marks as they constitute a higher level of protection, even though at different level, and thus they are related to the concept of reputation, especially in the context of trade mark law trends that will be...

The aim of the diploma thesis is to analyze the use of social media and use of online reputation management tools by accommodation facilities. Information was obtained from survey among four and five star hotels situated in Prague. Moreover there is an analysis of online reputation management tools which are currently available on the market. After detailed analysis certain conclusions and recommendations are proposed to hotels to help them with effective communication on social media as well as with effective management of online reputation which is nowadays very important for potential guests who search for their accommodation online.

When intelligent voice-based assistants (VBAs) present news, they simultaneously act as interlocutors and intermediaries, enabling direct and mediated communication. Hence, this study discusses and investigates empirically how interlocutor and intermediary predictors affect an assessment that is relevant for both: trustworthiness. We conducted a secondary analysis using data from two online surveys in which participants (N = 1288) had seven quasi-interactions with either Alexa or Google Assistant and calculated hierarchical regression analyses. Results show that (1) interlocutor and intermediary predictors influence people’s trustworthiness assessments when VBAs act as news presenters, and (2) that different trustworthiness dimensions are affected differently: The intermediary predictors (information credibility; company reputation) were more important for the cognition-based trustworthiness dimensions integrity and competence. In contrast, intermediary and interlocutor predictors (ontological classification; source attribution) were almost equally important for the affect-based trustworthiness dimension benevolence.

With the fast pace that technology is currently developing, technology forms a bigger part of our day to day lives. Technological advancement has an impact on all aspects of life, including how we communicate with one another. This has caused an increase in social media usage. South Africa is in no way an exception to this growing trend. The escalation of the use of social media platforms has brought with it the rise in the wrongful use of social media. The growth in wrongful use would lead to the proliferation of legal consequences for defamatory statements with regard to social media situations. The question arises if South Africa‘s current legislation is able to regulate the new phenomena of defamatory statements on social media platforms. The conclusion was reached that South Africa‘s current legislation is more than adequate to regulate this new form of defamation. With the qualification that that judges apply the current legal principles of the law of delict to this new form of defamation correctly. Educating and informing judges, as well as the public is vital in preventing this new form of defamation to become problematic. / LLM, North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2015

With the fast pace that technology is currently developing, technology forms a bigger part of our day to day lives. Technological advancement has an impact on all aspects of life, including how we communicate with one another. This has caused an increase in social media usage. South Africa is in no way an exception to this growing trend. The escalation of the use of social media platforms has brought with it the rise in the wrongful use of social media. The growth in wrongful use would lead to the proliferation of legal consequences for defamatory statements with regard to social media situations. The question arises if South Africa‘s current legislation is able to regulate the new phenomena of defamatory statements on social media platforms. The conclusion was reached that South Africa‘s current legislation is more than adequate to regulate this new form of defamation. With the qualification that that judges apply the current legal principles of the law of delict to this new form of defamation correctly. Educating and informing judges, as well as the public is vital in preventing this new form of defamation to become problematic. / LLM, North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2015

Master of Science / Department of Agricultural Economics / Hikaru H. Peterson / Alexander E. Saak / Notable changes are occurring in the U.S. organic food sector. First, the U.S. organic food system is increasingly relying on imports, because the expansion in the organic production has failed to satisfactorily meet the rapidly growing demand for organic foods. Second, the “locally grown” concept has become appealing to consumers, with some evidence of consumers switching from certified organic foods to local, conventional foods. Third, organic food has penetrated the mass-market channel, and organic foods are no longer being sold exclusively in natural product stores. And fourth, the social and environmental awareness among consumers is increasing. Thus, consumers are also willing to pay a price premium to support small farmers. To understand how these changes are affecting the demand for organic foods, this study used survey data to assess U.S. consumers‟ preferences for fresh organic apples that are sourced from various places and from supply chain operations that vary in scale. The survey was administered via the Internet to a random sample of 285 households across the U.S through a research company. Choice experiment was selected as the valuation method. Results indicate that among the levels of the location attributes, the “locally grown” label was associated with the highest average WTP. The “regionally grown” was the second most preferred, “U.S. grown” the third, and “imported” the least. The “locally grown” label was valued higher than the “certified organic label”. Also, consumers were willing to pay a higher value for apples produced on a small farm compared to those from a large farm. However, they did not distinguish the type of retail outlets where apples were offered. The analysis incorporating the effects of consumer characteristics suggest that the perceived importance of public benefits impacted the values of origin attributes more than the private ones; the type of retail outlet attributes became significant among certain gender and age segments; and the value of small farm attribute increased with consumers‟ income. Finally, results from a theoretical model suggest that the variability in the WTP obtained among the origin attributes could be explained by the reputation of product quality depending on their origin.